Translational lung cancer research最新文献

{"title":"Efficacy of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in the treatment of stage III non-small-cell lung cancer with cancer driver gene mutations.","authors":"Yuhong Yang, Jiacong Liu, Linhai Zhu, Xuhua Huang, Jiayue Ye, Nagashree Seetharamu, Hiroyuki Adachi, Jinming Xu, Yiqing Wang, Pinghui Xia, Wang Lv, Chong Zhang, Jian Hu","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-2025-60","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-2025-60","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and cancer driver gene mutations are mainly treated with targeted therapy. Research into the application of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy for these patients is active and ongoing. In this study, we assessed the feasibility and safety of immunochemotherapy as a neoadjuvant treatment in patients with stage III NSCLC with common cancer driver gene mutations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study enrolled patients who had stage III NSCLC with the results of driver mutation testing [including epidermal growth factor receptor (<i>EGFR</i>), Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (<i>KRAS</i>), c-ros proto-oncogene 1, receptor tyrosine kinase (<i>ROS1</i>), rearranged during transfection (<i>RET</i>), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (<i>ALK</i>), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (<i>HER2</i>), phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (<i>PIK3CA</i>)] and received neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy. The patients were followed for at least 1 year after the operation or until the day the treatment was discontinued. The primary endpoints were objective response rate (ORR) and adverse events (AEs), while the secondary endpoints were pathological response among patients who undergo surgery, disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 2020 to 2022, a total of 34 patients with stage III NSCLC were included in this study and were categorized into two groups according to the presence of cancer driver gene mutations: a mutation group (n=22) and a wild-type (WT) group (n=12). The rate of ORR in the WT group was 58.3%, and the rate of ORR in the mutation group was 68.2%. And no postoperative deaths or grade 3 or 4 AEs were observed in either of the groups. Among the patients who underwent surgery, the major pathological response (MPR) rate in the WT group and the mutation group was 75.0% and 47.0%, respectively (P=0.23). The pathological complete response (pCR) rate in the WT group and in the mutation group was 37.5% and 23.5%, respectively (P=0.64). The 1-year DFS rate in the WT group and the mutation group was 87.5% and 82.4%, respectively, while the 1-year OS rates in the WT group and the mutation group were both 100.0%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The potential of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy for patients with stage III NSCLC with cancer driver gene mutations is promising.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"14 2","pages":"538-551"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921351/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world comparison of neoadjuvant pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy versus tislelizumab plus chemotherapy in patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective cohort study of treatment outcomes.","authors":"Yan Hu, Siying Ren, Juan Feng, Chao Zeng, Lulu Yang, Jinyou Liu, Fang Wu, Wenliang Liu","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-24-721","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-24-721","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Pembrolizumab and tislelizumab have shown substantial clinical benefits in perioperative treatment of resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), yet no direct head-to-head trial has established which is optimal. This study, for the first time, aimed to directly compare the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy versus tislelizumab plus chemotherapy in resectable NSCLC using real-world data.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Data of patients with resectable NSCLC treated with neoadjuvant pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy or tislelizumab plus chemotherapy followed by radical resection between December 2017 and August 2023 at the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University were retrospectively analyzed. Patients aged 18 years and above, diagnosed with biopsy-proven and treatment-naïve clinical stage II-IIIb NSCLC were included in the study. Patients with autoimmune disease, pulmonary interstitial disease, acute infection, or systemic immunosuppression were excluded. Data that may affect treatment efficacy were collected, including age, sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking history, comorbidities, pulmonary function, pathological type, clinical stage, programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) tumor proportion score (TPS), dosage of neoadjuvant therapy, duration from final therapy to surgery and chemotherapy regimens, and compared between the two groups. The follow-up was performed through outpatient visits or telephone calls. The last follow-up was set in June 2024.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 126 patients were included and divided into the pembrolizumab (n=62) and tislelizumab (n=64) groups with a median follow-up time of 26.3 months. The mean age at diagnosis was 59.76 years (standard deviation, 7.05 years) and 103 patients (81.75%) were current or former smoker. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (102, 80.95%) was the most common histological type, followed by adenocarcinoma (18, 14.29%), large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (2, 1.59%) and sarcomatoid carcinoma (2, 1.59%). Although there was a lower proportion of SCC (72.58% &lt;i&gt;vs.&lt;/i&gt; 89.06%, P=0.02) and a lower use of paclitaxel (75.81% &lt;i&gt;vs.&lt;/i&gt; 96.88%, P=0.004) in the pembrolizumab group in the overall cohort, the baseline characteristics between two groups were balanced in the SCC cohort. No significant differences in objective response rate, percentage of primary tumors with no viable tumor cells, pathologic and lymph node downstaging, pathological complete response and major pathological response existed between the two groups in both cohorts. Additionally, disease-free survival and overall survival were similar between the two groups in both cohorts. No significant differences in the postoperative complications and grade 3/4 toxicity profiles existed in both cohorts.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;This real-world evidence study supports the non-inferiority of neoadjuvant pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy versus tis","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"14 2","pages":"467-479"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole-section digital analysis of immune profiles in surgically resected small cell lung carcinoma and their associations with molecular subtypes.","authors":"Yanli Zhu, Jianghua Wu, Haiyue Wang, Kaiwen Chi, Xinting Diao, Minglei Zhuo, Dongmei Lin","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-24-924","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-24-924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The molecular subtype-specific features of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) remain poorly understood. We aimed to analyze the immune profiles in surgically resected SCLC and their associations with molecular subtypes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Tumor samples from 83 treatment-naive SCLC patients who underwent surgical resection were analyzed. The protein expression of subtype-defining markers (ASCL1, NEUROD1, POU2F3, and YAP1) and nine immune-related markers were assessed using whole-section immunohistochemistry. Digital image analysis was employed for precise quantification of immune cell infiltrates and distributions. The findings were subsequently correlated with clinicopathological parameters and patient prognoses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Unsupervised hierarchical clustering categorized the tumors into four molecular subtypes: achaete-scute homologue 1-dominant (ASCL1; SCLC-A, 71.1%, n=59), neuronal differentiation factor 1-dominant (NEUROD1; SCLC-N, 12.1%, n=10), POU class 2 homeobox 3-dominant (POU2F3; SCLC-P, 10.8%, n=9), and quadruple-negative (SCLC-QN, 6.0%, n=5). Expression of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I) and class II (MHC II; P=0.02, P=0.02), tumor programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1; P=0.006), and an inflamed phenotype characterized by CD8⁺/CD3⁺ T cells (P=0.001, P=0.003) were more prominent in SCLC-P tumors compared to other subtypes. Additionally, SCLC-P tumors demonstrated the highest levels of MHC II (P=0.04) and PD-L1 expression on both tumor and stromal cells (P=0.003, P=0.01). The tumor proportion score of PD-L1 positively correlated with tumor expression levels of POU2F3 (rho=0.297, P=0.006) and MHC I (rho=0.239, P=0.03), as well as the combined positive score of PD-L1 (rho=0.222, P=0.04; rho=0.433, P<0.001). Intra-tumoral tertiary lymphoid structures (intra-TLS) and peri-tumoral TLS (peri-TLS) were observed in 60.2% (n=50) and 96.4% (n=80) of patients, respectively. High intra-TLS density was more frequently associated with SCLC-P tumors (P=0.02). Notably, low peri-TLS density and stromal PD-L1 expression were linked to improved overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights the heterogeneity of the TIME across molecular subtypes of SCLC. The SCLC-P subtype and MHC I expression may serve as predictive biomarkers for immunotherapy response, while peri-TLS density and stromal PD-L1 expression might serve as prognostic indicators in resected SCLC.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"14 2","pages":"449-466"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921296/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectral dual-layer detector CT-based radiomics-deep learning for predicting pathological aggressiveness of stage I lung adenocarcinoma: discrimination of precursor glandular lesions and invasive adenocarcinomas.","authors":"Tong Wang, Zheng Fan, Yong Yue, Xiaomei Lu, Xiaoxu Deng, Yang Hou","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-24-726","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-24-726","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accurate diagnosis of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma (LA) subtypes is crucial for optimal patient management. Radiomics extract features from medical images reflect underlying biological information, while effective atomic number (Zeff) from new-generation spectral dual-layer detector computed tomography (SDCT) reflects tissue composition. This study evaluated the utility of SDCT-Zeff-based radiomics, deep learning (DL), and clinical features to differentiate between ground-glass nodule (GGN)-featured precursor glandular lesions (PGLs) and adenocarcinomas.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients diagnosed with GGN who underwent preoperative contrast-enhanced SDCT at two medical centers were prospectively enrolled between January 2022 and April 2024. Center 1 (Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University; n=582) served as the training cohort, while Center 2 (Shengjing Hospital, Huaxiang Branch; n=210) served as the external validation cohort. SDCT-Zeff delineated the region of interest (ROI) for radiomics feature extraction. A pre-trained ResNet50 model was used for DL feature extraction. Features were fused, screened, and integrated with various machine learning algorithms and clinical features to construct a clinical-based DL radiomics (DLR) signature nomogram, which was externally validated. Model performance was assessed regarding identification, calibration, and clinical utility.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 792 GGNs were analyzed, classified as glandular precursor lesions (n=296) and adenocarcinomas (n=496). Zeff was inversely correlated with invasiveness. Three features were obtained: clinical, radiomics, and DL. LightGBM was identified as the best-performing model. The area under the curves (AUCs) of DLR in the training and test sets were 0.974 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.963-0.983] and 0.827 (95% CI: 0.770-0.884), outperforming radiomics (AUC =0.897 and 0.765), and DL (AUC =0.929 and 0.758). The nomogram coupling clinical features [Zeff_a, electron density (ED)_a, and tumor abnormal protein (TAP)] showed the best predictive ability, with AUCs of 0.983 (95% CI: 0.974-0.990) and 0.833 (95% CI: 0.779-0.885) in the training and test sets. The calibration curve indicated strong agreement between predicted and observed outcomes in both cohorts. Decision curve analysis (DCA) revealed that this nomogram offers significant clinical benefits, with a threshold probability range surpassing other models.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The coupled nomogram integrating SDCT-Zeff DLR with clinical features demonstrated improved predictive performance and was particularly effective in detecting GGN-featured glandular precursor lesions and adenocarcinomas. It provides a foundation for managing GGNs and offers valuable insights for preoperative evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"14 2","pages":"431-448"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921343/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative outcomes of first-line PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy for advanced squamous non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.","authors":"Zhefeng Liu, Zhikuan Wang, Jun Zhu, Haitao Tao, Ziwei Huang, Lu Han, Akshay J Patel, Yi Hu","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-2025-83","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-2025-83","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Head-to-head comparisons between the available first-line regimens with programmed cell death-1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) inhibitors and chemotherapy for advanced squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are lacking. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis to identify the optimal first-line regimen with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy for advanced squamous NSCLC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were performed. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the ClinicalTrials.gov databases and major annual conferences were searched. RCTs that compared PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy with chemotherapy alone in patients with advanced squamous NSCLC were eligible for inclusion. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool (version 2.0), and a funnel plot was used to assess the publication bias.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of nine RCTs comprising 3,210 patients were included. When combined with chemotherapy, PD-1 inhibitors were superior to PD-L1 inhibitors in terms of overall survival (OS) [PD-1: hazard ratio (HR) 0.70, 95% credible interval (CrI): 0.62 to 0.79; PD-L1: HR 0.82, 95% CrI: 0.71 to 0.94] and progression-free survival (PFS) (PD-1: HR 0.50, 95% CrI: 0.45 to 0.55; PD-L1: HR 0.63, 95% CrI: 0.55 to 0.72). Moreover, the PD-1 inhibitor camrelizumab was the most effective agent in combined therapy for prolonging OS (HR 0.56, 95% CrI: 0.44 to 0.71) and PFS (HR 0.32, 95% CrI: 0.25 to 0.42), followed by the PD-L1 inhibitor sugemalimab (OS: HR 0.61, 95% CrI: 0.43 to 0.86; PFS: HR 0.37, 95% CrI: 0.26 to 0.52). Moreover, the addition of camrelizumab or tislelizumab to chemotherapy was associated with the improved objective response rate (ORR) and a longer duration of response (DoR). Regarding safety, pembrolizumab and camrelizumab were associated with the lowest risk of developing grade 3-5 treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs). Most of the trials were at low risk for bias, and no obvious publication bias was observed in the outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>When combined with first-line chemotherapy, camrelizumab has the potential to be a preferred option in patients with advanced squamous NSCLC. This finding might serve as a guideline to aid in the selection of first-line immunotherapy plus chemotherapy strategies for advanced squamous NSCLC.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"14 2","pages":"563-574"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921199/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cerebrospinal fluid cytology for the diagnosis of lung cancer brain metastasis: a case report.","authors":"Lidan Xing, Jiajia Liu, Haiyang Yan, Jing Chen, Lingling Gao, Muhammad Zubair Afzal, Toyoaki Hida, Shuai Zhao, Jingna Sun","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-2025-37","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-2025-37","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The examination of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology holds significant value in the field of neuropathology, serving as a key diagnostic tool for clinical physicians in completing differential diagnosis and clinical assessment. Particularly in the context of infectious diseases affecting the central nervous system (CNS), cerebrovascular diseases, brain tumors, meningeal carcinoma, and immune-related disorders, this examination is critical to facilitating accurate diagnoses and distinguishing between various clinical conditions.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>A 57-year-old Han Chinese male was admitted to The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University for psychiatric symptoms. A series of diagnostic tests were sequentially conducted on the patient, including routine CSF examination, CSF biochemical analysis, test for autoimmune encephalitis antibodies and paraneoplastic syndrome autoantibodies, pathogen-targeted sequencing, cytokine analysis via flow cytometry, tumor marker tests, positron emission tomography-computed tomography, and cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The results showed an increase in CSF white blood cell count, CSF protein, and serum carcinoembryonic antigen. In conjunction with cranial MRI revealing multiple intracranial nodular abnormal signals, these can serve as effective evidence to aid in diagnosis. However, the definitive diagnosis of meningeal carcinomatosis (MC) ultimately depends on the cytological identification of atypical cells in the CSF. Given the patient's history of lung cancer, the final diagnosis was leptomeningeal metastasis from lung cancer, which belongs to the type of CNS metastatic carcinoma in MC.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this case, the cytological identification of atypical cells in the CSF confirmed the diagnosis of MC.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"14 2","pages":"607-613"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921198/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunotherapy efficacy between exon 19 deletion and exon 21 L858R mutation in advanced EGFR mutant non-small-cell lung cancer: a direct and indirect meta-analysis.","authors":"Zihong Chen, Lanlan Pang, Yuwen Yang, Xinyi He, Jianhua Zhan, Lin Zhang, Kangqiao Xiong, Wenfeng Fang, Li Zhang, Yaxiong Zhang","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-24-884","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-24-884","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Immunotherapy (IO) exhibits poor therapeutic effect in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, previous studies reveal different IO efficacy between exon 19 deletion (19 Del) and exon 21 L858R mutation (21 L858R). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the difference in IO efficacy between patients with EGFR 19 Del and EGFR 21 L858R.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>IO data of response rate, disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) stratified by EGFR subtypes were extracted and synthesized on random-effect model using odds ratios (ORs) for dichotomous data and hazard ratios (HRs) for survival data with 95% confidence interval (CI). Efficacy comparisons between 19 Del and 21 L858R were estimated through direct and indirect methods respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 15 studies that involved 1,209 EGFR-mutant advanced NSCLC patients with IO treatment were included (19 Del, n=676; 21 L858R, n=533). Based on the data from 11 studies for direct meta-analysis, patients with 19 Del had shorter PFS (HR =1.55; 95% CI: 1.21-1.98; P=0.001) and OS (HR =1.36; 95% CI: 1.04-1.78; P=0.02) and poorer DCR (OR =0.51; 95% CI: 0.29-0.87; P=0.02) than those with 21 L858R significantly. Indirect meta-analysis from four trials showed the same result that patients with 19 Del had significantly shorter PFS (HR =1.50; 95% CI: 1.09-2.07; P=0.01) than those with 21 L858R. Subgroup analyses also showed similar tendency that 21 L858R had more clinical benefit compared to 19 Del no matter whether IO monotherapy or IO combination.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>For advanced EGFR mutant NSCLC patients, 21 L858R had superior IO efficacy compared with 19 Del.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"14 2","pages":"422-430"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921359/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: Tumor cavitation in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer receiving anti-angiogenic therapy with apatinib.","authors":"","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-2024-2","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-2024-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-24-465.].</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"14 2","pages":"652"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-layer spectral detector computed tomography multiparameter machine learning model for prediction of invasive lung adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Jiayu Wan, Xue Lin, Zhaokai Wang, Peng Sun, Shen Gui, Tianhe Ye, Qianqian Fan, Weiwei Liu, Feng Pan, Bo Yang, Xiaotong Geng, Zhen Quan, Lian Yang","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-24-822","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-24-822","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) has improved the detection of ground glass nodules (GGNs), which are early indicators of lung cancer. Accurate assessment of GGN invasiveness is crucial for determining the appropriate surgical approach. Dual-layer spectral detector computed tomography (DLCT) offers advanced imaging capabilities, including electron density and iodine density, which enhance the evaluation of GGN invasiveness. This study aims to develop a machine learning (ML) model that integrates DLCT parameters and clinical features to predict the invasiveness of GGNs in LUAD, aiding in surgical decision-making and prognosis improvement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The retrospective study encompassed 272 patients who were diagnosed with LUAD, comprising 154 cases of invasive adenocarcinomas (IA) and 118 cases of pre-invasive minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA) which were then randomly allocated into a training set and a test set. Six ML models were developed based on five DLCT parameters (conventional, iodine density, virtual noncontrast, electron density, and effective atomic number). Subsequently, a nomogram was constructed using multi-factor logistic regression, incorporating radiomic characteristics and clinicopathological risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ML model based on conventional plus electron density performed better than the models with other DLCT parameters, with the area under the curves (AUCs) of 0.945 and 0.964 in the training and test sets, respectively. The clinical model and radiomics score (Rad-score) were combined in the logistic regression to construct a joint model, of which the AUCs were 0.974 in the training sets and 0.949 in the test sets. The ML model effectively differentiated between IA and pre-invasive MIA, and further classified patients into high and medium risk categories for invasion using waterfall plots.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The ML model based on DLCT parameters helps predict the invasiveness of GGNs and classifies the GGNs into different risk grades.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"14 2","pages":"385-397"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921186/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aspirin impedes non-small cell lung cancer development via fine-tuning the CD36 localization regulated by GPIHBP1.","authors":"Wei Liu, Dujuan Qiao, Jia Chen, Ya Gao, Katsuhiro Okuda, Yoshihisa Shimada, Linong Yao","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-2024-1174","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-2024-1174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lung cancer, a commonly diagnosed malignancy, is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Aspirin suppresses the progression and metastasis of various cancers. However, the effect of aspirin on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been fully understood. It has been established that glycosylphosphatidylinositol HDL-binding protein 1 (GPIHBP1) and CD36 play a vital role in lipid metabolism and transport. This study aimed to clarify the mechanism by which aspirin inhibits NSCLC cell proliferation and metastasis via GPIHBP1.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The blood and tissues of 10 patients with NSCLC treated with aspirin and 10 patients without aspirin were collected and analyzed via RNA sequencing. GPIHBP1 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blotting, and quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). A series of functional experiments were performed to evaluate the effects of aspirin on NSCLC progression in a GPIHBP1-dependent manner. The potential mechanism of GPIHBP1 was explored via coimmunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence staining. The effect of GPIHBP1 on tumor growth and metastasis was verified by constructing subcutaneous xenograft tumor model in nude mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GPIHBP1 was downregulated and was increased by treatment with aspirin in lung cancer tissues. Furthermore, GPIHBP1 overexpression inhibited the migration, cell proliferation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition process in NSCLC cells while promoting their apoptosis, while in cells with GPIHBP1 knockdown, the opposite was observed. Mechanistically, GPIHBP1 directly interacted with CD36 while GPIHBP1 knockdown disrupted CD36 localization, thus promoting tumor progression and metastasis in NSCLC cells. In addition, through <i>in vivo</i> xenograft experiments, we found that GPIHBP1 overexpression inhibited tumor growth and metastasis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings provide new insights into the mechanism by which aspirin suppresses lung cancer development in a GPIHBP1-dependent manner and may provide a promising target in NSCLC treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"14 2","pages":"491-512"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921230/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}