Transgenic Research最新文献

{"title":"Precision breeding in agriculture and food systems in the United Kingdom.","authors":"Oli Watson, Sadiye Hayta","doi":"10.1007/s11248-024-00397-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11248-024-00397-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years there have been major advances in precision breeding technologies, such as gene editing, that offer promising solutions to revolutionise global crop production and tackle the pressing issues in food systems. The UK has leading expertise in genomics, and research is already taking place to develop crops with improved resilience to climate change, resistance to disease and less reliance on chemical inputs. In March 2023, the Genetic Technology (Precision Breeding) Act received Royal Assent and passed into UK law. It provides a framework from which to build more proportionate regulations for plants and animals made using genetic technologies which contain genetic changes that could also arise through traditional breeding-known as 'Precision Bred Organisms'. New legislation and the utilization of UK world-leading research could help to enhance the efficiency of breeding systems and enable the development of plants and animals that are healthier, better for the environment and more resilient to climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":23258,"journal":{"name":"Transgenic Research","volume":" ","pages":"539-544"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11655596/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141894338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Limitations in measuring sustainable food systems: domestic policy priorities and global monitoring.","authors":"Ritsuko Yoneda","doi":"10.1007/s11248-024-00417-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11248-024-00417-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, many strategies for sustainable food systems have been launched at the national and global levels, which require better tools to monitor their progress. Subsequently, discussions on their measurements have drawn enormous attention, and various indicators have been developed. As indicators at the national level reflect policy priorities in the respective countries, it is difficult to develop adequate global indicators that accommodate different national priorities. Additionally, if we pursue only the existing dataset, we may lose the thrust of the initial objectives. However, the collection of new data can place an enormous burden on stakeholders, both developing and developed countries. These difficulties were revealed in recent negotiations for the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework at the Convention on Biological Diversity at the 15th Conference of the Parties. Therefore, we must reach a compromise between what we want to achieve and the resources we can share.</p>","PeriodicalId":23258,"journal":{"name":"Transgenic Research","volume":" ","pages":"571-575"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142772683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Narratives in European debate concerning new genomic techniques.","authors":"Marcin Napiórkowski, Andrzej Nowak, Mikołaj Biesaga, Szymon Talaga, Erika Staël von Holstein","doi":"10.1007/s11248-024-00416-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11248-024-00416-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Given the complexity of agricultural problems, it is essential to develop acceptable solutions for various stakeholders with diverse knowledge, viewpoints, and preferences. However, European public opinion has become highly polarized, making constructive discussions on these issues difficult. We present the results of the narrative analysis of media debate on new genomic techniques. The study identified two primary narrative groups: 'precaution-focused' and 'innovation-focused.' The former emphasizes caution, potential risks, and the need for stringent regulation, while the latter highlights benefits, progress, and the promise of genome editing for sustainable agricultural practices. Within each group of narratives, several distinct narratives were identified. The research has revealed that despite the high polarization, the narratives shared important values and beliefs. Going beyond the dividing narratives and concentrating on common values can depolarize the debate and set the stage for new narratives, enabling constructive debate, concentrating on solving problems, and maximizing collective outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23258,"journal":{"name":"Transgenic Research","volume":" ","pages":"551-561"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11655605/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142772684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulation of genome edited organisms in Australia.","authors":"Peter Thygesen","doi":"10.1007/s11248-024-00411-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11248-024-00411-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Whether organisms developed with the use of genome editing techniques, or food derived from such organisms, are, or should be, regulated as genetically modified organisms (GMOs) or genetically modified (GM) food, respectively, remains a subject of debate globally. Much of the discussion has been scientific and focussed on the similar genetic outcomes of some genome editing techniques and 'conventional' or natural mutagenesis. Many jurisdictions, including Australia, have considered, or are considering, how their regulatory frameworks will deal with such organisms and products. In Australia, organisms developed with site directed nuclease 1 (SDN-1, with no added template to guide homology-directed repair) are not regulated as GMOs, pursuant to exclusions in the Gene Technology Regulations 2001. The exclusion of SDN-1 organisms from regulation in Australia is sometimes misrepresented, including in scientific peer reviewed publications, as extending to all genome edited organisms. This highlights the importance for researchers, developers and other stakeholders to understand that whether genome edited organisms are, or are not, subject to regulation as GMOs in a particular jurisdiction may quintessentially be a legal question, not a scientific one.</p>","PeriodicalId":23258,"journal":{"name":"Transgenic Research","volume":" ","pages":"545-550"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142508720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: WIF1 causes dysfunction of heart in transgenic mice.","authors":"Dan Lu, Wei Dong, Xu Zhang, Xiongzhi Quan, Dan Bao, Yingdong Lu, Lianfeng Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11248-024-00403-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11248-024-00403-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23258,"journal":{"name":"Transgenic Research","volume":" ","pages":"535-536"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141983369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing a lethal CAG-ACE2 transgenic mouse model for SARS-CoV-2 infection using Cas9-enhanced nanopore sequencing.","authors":"Alexander Smirnov, Artem Nurislamov, Galina Koncevaya, Irina Serova, Evelyn Kabirova, Eduard Chuyko, Ekaterina Maltceva, Maxim Savoskin, Daniil Zadorozhny, Victor A Svyatchenko, Elena V Protopopova, Oleg S Taranov, Stanislav S Legostaev, Valery B Loktev, Oleg Serov, Nariman Battulin","doi":"10.1007/s11248-024-00413-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11248-024-00413-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has underscored the necessity for functional transgenic animal models for testing. Mouse lines with overexpression of the human receptor ACE2 serve as the common animal model to study COVID-19 infection. Overexpression of ACE2 under a strong ubiquitous promoter facilitates convenient and sensitive testing of COVID-19 pathology. We performed pronuclear microinjections using a 5 kb CAG-ACE2 linear transgene construct and identified three founder lines with 140, 72, and 73 copies, respectively. Two of these lines were further analyzed for ACE2 expression profiles and sensitivity to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Both lines expressed ACE2 in all organs analyzed. Embryonic fibroblast cell lines derived from transgenic embryos demonstrated severe cytopathic effects following infection, even at low doses of SARS-CoV-2 (0,1-1.0 TCID₅₀). Infected mice from the two lines began to show COVID-19 clinical signs three days post-infection and succumbed between days 4 and 7. Histological examination of lung tissues from terminally ill mice revealed severe pathological alterations. To further characterize the integration site in one of the lines, we applied nanopore sequencing combined with Cas9 enrichment to examine the internal transgene concatemer structure. Oxford Nanopore sequencing (ONT) is becoming the gold standard for transgene insert characterization, but it is relatively inefficient without targeted region enrichment. We digested genomic DNA with Cas9 and gRNA against the ACE2 transgene to create ends suitable for ONT adapter ligation. ONT data analysis revealed that most of the transgene copies were arranged in a head-to-tail configuration, with palindromic junctions being rare. We also detected occasional plasmid backbone fragments within the concatemer, likely co-purified during transgene gel extraction, which is a common occurrence in pronuclear microinjections.</p>","PeriodicalId":23258,"journal":{"name":"Transgenic Research","volume":" ","pages":"453-466"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142354510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promoter of COR2-like gene is a stress inducible regulatory region in banana.","authors":"Sanjana Negi, Nikita Mahashabde, Subham Bhakta, Sudhir Singh, Himanshu Tak","doi":"10.1007/s11248-024-00405-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11248-024-00405-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A promoter is a crucial component in driving the expression of a transgene of interest for biotechnological applications in crop improvement and thus characterization of varied regulatory regions is essential. Here, we identified the promoter of COR2-like (codeinone reductase-like) from banana and characterized its tissue specific and stress inducible nature. MusaCOR2-like of banana is closely related to COR2 and CHR (chalcone reductase) sequences from different plant species and contains signature sequences including a catalytic tetrad typical of proteins with aldo-keto reductase activity. Transcript level of MusaCOR2-like was strongly induced in response to drought, salinity and exposure of signaling molecules such as abscisic acid, methyl-jasmonate and salicylic acid. Induction of MusaCOR2-like under stress strongly correlated with the presence of multiple cis-elements associated with stress responses in the P_{MusaCOR2-like} sequence isolated from Musa cultivar Rasthali. Transgenic tobacco lines harbouring P_{MusaCOR2-like}-GUS displayed visible GUS expression in vascular tissue of leaves and stem while its expression was undetectable in roots under control conditions. Exposure to drought, salinity and cold strongly induced GUS expression from P_{MusaCOR2-like}-GUS in transgenic tobacco shoots in a window period of 3H to 12H. Applications of salicylic acid, methyl-jasmonate, abscisic acid and ethephon also activate GUS in transgenic shoots at different period, with salicylic acid and abscisic acid being the stronger stimulants of P_{MusaCOR2-like}. Using P_{MusaCOR2-like}-GUS fusion and expression profiling, the current study sheds insights into a complex regulation of COR2-like, one of the least studied genes of secondary metabolite pathway in plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":23258,"journal":{"name":"Transgenic Research","volume":" ","pages":"399-413"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11588891/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142112329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mutagenesis on a complex mouse genetic background by site-specific nucleases.","authors":"Benjamin Davies, Lucy Trelfa, Victoria S Rashbrook, Edward Drydale, Rachel Martin, Boyan Bai, Jedrzej Golebka, Daniel Stephen Biggs, Keith M Channon, Shoumo Bhattacharya, Gillian Douglas","doi":"10.1007/s11248-024-00399-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11248-024-00399-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mouse models with complex genetic backgrounds are increasingly used in preclinical research to accurately model human disease and to enable temporal and cell-specific evaluation of genetic manipulations. Backcrossing mice onto these complex genetic backgrounds takes time and leads to significant wastage of animals. In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether site-specific nucleases could be used to generate additional genetic mutations in a complex genetic background, using the REVERSA mouse model of atherosclerosis, a model harbouring four genetically altered alleles. The model is comprised of a functional null mutation in the Ldlr gene in combination with a ApoB100 allele, which, after high-fat diet, leads to the rapid development of atherosclerosis. The regression of the pathology is achieved by inducible knock-out of the Mttp gene. Here we report an investigation to establish if microinjection of site-specific nucleases directly into zygotes prepared from the REVERSA could be used to investigate the role of the ATP binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1) in atherosclerosis regression. We show that using this approach we could successfully generate two independent knockout lines on the REVERSA background, both of which exhibited the expected phenotype of a significant reduction in cholesterol efflux to HDL in bone marrow-derived macrophages. However, loss of Abcg1 did not impact atherosclerosis regression in either the aortic root or in aortic arch, demonstrating no important role for this transporter subtype. We have demonstrated that site-specific nucleases can be used to create genetic modifications directly onto complex disease backgrounds and can be used to explore gene function without the need for laborious backcrossing of independent strains, conveying a significant 3Rs advantage.</p>","PeriodicalId":23258,"journal":{"name":"Transgenic Research","volume":" ","pages":"415-426"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11588839/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141860987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CRISPR/Cas12a ribonucleoprotein mediated editing of tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase of Spodoptera frugiperda.","authors":"Dhawane Yogi, Karuppannasamy Ashok, Cholenahalli Narayanappa Anu, Thalooru Shashikala, Chalapathy Pradeep, Chikmagalur Nagaraja Bhargava, Madhusoodanan Sujatha Parvathy, M N Jithesh, Maligeppagol Manamohan, Girish Kumar Jha, Ramasamy Asokan","doi":"10.1007/s11248-024-00406-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11248-024-00406-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In insect genome editing CRISPR/Cas9 is predominantly employed, while the potential of several classes of Cas enzymes such as Cas12a largely remain untested. As opposed to Cas9 which requires a GC-rich protospacer adjacent motif (PAM), Cas12a requires a T-rich PAM and causes staggered cleavage in the target DNA, opening possibilities for multiplexing. In this regard, the utility of Cas12a has been shown in only a few insect species such as fruit flies and the silkworm, but not in non-model insects such as the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, a globally important invasive pest that defies most of the current management methods. In this regard, a more recent genetic biocontrol method known as the precision-guided sterile insect technique (pgSIT) has shown successful implementation in Drosophila melanogaster, with certain thematic adaptations required for application in agricultural pests. However, before the development of a controllable gene drive for a non-model species, it is important to validate the activity of Cas12a in that species. In the current study we have, for the first time, demonstrated the potential of Cas12a by editing an eye color gene, tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TO) of S. frugiperda by microinjecting ribonucleoprotein complex into pre-blastoderm (G0) eggs. Analysis of G0 mutants revealed that all five mutants (two male and three female) exhibited distinct edits consisting of both deletion and insertion events. All five edits were further validated through in silico modeling to understand the changes at the protein level and further corroborate with the range of eye-color phenotypes observed in the present study.</p>","PeriodicalId":23258,"journal":{"name":"Transgenic Research","volume":" ","pages":"369-381"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142112328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public perception of folate-biofortified genetically modified lettuce varieties in Brazil.","authors":"Thaís de Moura Cipriano, Maria Thereza Macedo Pedroso, Isis Amanda de Paula Nunes, Lídia Nascimento Queiroz, Francisco José Lima Aragão","doi":"10.1007/s11248-024-00400-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11248-024-00400-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lettuce is one of the most widely consumed vegetables in the world, commonly eaten fresh in salads, sandwiches, wraps, and as a garnish in various dishes. Consequently, it is a very promising vehicle to deliver vitamins, such as folate (vitamin B9), to a specific population using biofortified varieties generated by conventional or molecular breeding. A new genetically modified lettuce was generated with increased folate content. However, some issues related to public perception regarding this technology should still be evaluated. The aim of this study was to analyze whether consumers are willing to accept a folate-biofortified GM lettuce that could become available to the Brazilian market. A questionnaire involving several issues regarding lettuce consumption was answered by 2,391 people from almost all Brazilian states. When informed that the folic acid biofortified lettuce is a transgenic plant, 46.1% of respondents stated that they would eat it and 30.5% stated that it would be a possibility. This study demonstrated that if there is any explanation regarding the advantage in relation to the use of biotechnology, like enrichment with folic acid, the number of people who accept it increases.</p>","PeriodicalId":23258,"journal":{"name":"Transgenic Research","volume":" ","pages":"359-368"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141894339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}