Tribology International最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
Multi-factor and multi-scale material removal function modeling and experimental validation for bonnet polishing of freeform optical elements 自由曲面光学元件阀盖抛光多因素多尺度材料去除函数建模及实验验证
IF 6.1 1区 工程技术
Tribology International Pub Date : 2025-04-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110757
Yueming Deng, Xiaoguang Guo, Renke Kang, Shang Gao
{"title":"Multi-factor and multi-scale material removal function modeling and experimental validation for bonnet polishing of freeform optical elements","authors":"Yueming Deng,&nbsp;Xiaoguang Guo,&nbsp;Renke Kang,&nbsp;Shang Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110757","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110757","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study considers various process parameters affecting the material removal function in bonnet polishing. A macroscopic contact area characteristic model is established based on contact mechanics and kinematics theory, while a microscopic material removal volume model is developed using Hertz contact theory and abrasive scratching theory. Combining both scales, a multi-factor, multi-scale material removal function model is constructed, resulting in a 'W'-shaped material removal profile. Verification experiments on an X-ray reflective mirror showed a 6.2 % average error between experimental and theoretical material removal rates. The influence of process parameters on material removal rate and depth follows this order: dwell time, tool offset, tool speed, and tool pressure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23238,"journal":{"name":"Tribology International","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 110757"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143907089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Excellent lubrication characteristics of green lubricants from yam polysaccharide in reducing friction and wear for water-lubricated environments 山药多糖绿色润滑油具有优良的润滑特性,可减少水润滑环境下的摩擦和磨损
IF 6.1 1区 工程技术
Tribology International Pub Date : 2025-04-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110755
Li Shi, Songlin Nie, Hui Ji, Hao He, Ruidong Hong, Fanglong Yin
{"title":"Excellent lubrication characteristics of green lubricants from yam polysaccharide in reducing friction and wear for water-lubricated environments","authors":"Li Shi,&nbsp;Songlin Nie,&nbsp;Hui Ji,&nbsp;Hao He,&nbsp;Ruidong Hong,&nbsp;Fanglong Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110755","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110755","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Yam polysaccharide (YP) is a promising environmentally friendly lubricant in water-lubricated environments due to its hydroxyl and carboxyl groups. The tribological performance of YP was evaluated using ball-disc friction tests across four pairs (Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/17–4PH, YN8X/17–4PH, 17–4PH/SiC, YN8X/SiC) under varying conditions (load: 5–60 N, speed: 0.25–0.5 m/s, concentration: 0.5–5.0 wt%). FTIR/Raman spectroscopy, microscopic observation, and EDS were used to analyze the lubrication mechanism, while thermal imaging monitored interfacial temperature changes. Notably, at 2.0 wt% concentration, YP reduced the average coefficient of friction (COF) and wear rate of the 17–4PH/SiC pair by 77.6 % and 86.3 %, respectively. Unlike conventional bio-lubricants limited by load-capacity (COF = 0.07 at 60 N), YP provides a sustainable solution for water-lubricated friction pairs, achieving low wear and biodegradability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23238,"journal":{"name":"Tribology International","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 110755"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143894378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Influence of mechanical properties on cavitation-erosion via cavitating jet 力学性能对空化射流空化侵蚀的影响
IF 6.1 1区 工程技术
Tribology International Pub Date : 2025-04-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110754
Tahmina Keya , Shawkat Imam Shakil , Akindele Odeshi , Meysam Haghshenas , Jin-Keun Choi , Amir Hadadzadeh
{"title":"Influence of mechanical properties on cavitation-erosion via cavitating jet","authors":"Tahmina Keya ,&nbsp;Shawkat Imam Shakil ,&nbsp;Akindele Odeshi ,&nbsp;Meysam Haghshenas ,&nbsp;Jin-Keun Choi ,&nbsp;Amir Hadadzadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110754","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110754","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A wide range of materials, including aluminum, copper-based alloys, and stainless steel, were studied to correlate mechanical properties with cavitation erosion rates. Cavitation erosion tests using a cavitating jet apparatus showed that AA 6063 aluminum had the highest maximum erosion rate (MER), 171 times higher than bronze, the most erosion-resistant material. Mechanical tests, including microhardness, depth-sensing indentation, quasi-static, and high-strain rate tests, revealed that cavitation erosion does not correlate with a single property. Results indicated that MER increases with decreasing hardness, plastic indentation work, and wear resistance index. Furthermore, quasi-static and high-strain rate tests showed that MER increases with decreasing toughness, ultimate strength, and flow stress. This study offers comprehensive insights into the cavitation erosion behavior of materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23238,"journal":{"name":"Tribology International","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 110754"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143887328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Superior wear resistance of CrN film by PVD/HVOF structure design 采用PVD/HVOF结构设计的CrN膜具有优异的耐磨性
IF 6.1 1区 工程技术
Tribology International Pub Date : 2025-04-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110753
Kewei Li , Lei Shao , Wensheng Li , Lunlin Shang , Ruixuan Li , Yong Zhang , Qiang Song , Canming Wang , Chunzhi Zhang
{"title":"Superior wear resistance of CrN film by PVD/HVOF structure design","authors":"Kewei Li ,&nbsp;Lei Shao ,&nbsp;Wensheng Li ,&nbsp;Lunlin Shang ,&nbsp;Ruixuan Li ,&nbsp;Yong Zhang ,&nbsp;Qiang Song ,&nbsp;Canming Wang ,&nbsp;Chunzhi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110753","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110753","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nitride films are generally hard yet brittle and thin, leading to cracking and peeling off, particularly under heavy load. In response, this study proposes a combinatorial strategy to improve the wear resistance performance of CrN film using PVD/HVOF technology. Although introducing the FeCoNiAlSi HVOF coating does not change the phase structure of top CrN film, it improves the hardness, bearing capacity and binding strength of CrN film. In addition, the wear resistance has also been significantly enhanced, the introduction of FeCoNiAlSi HVOF coating changes the wear mechanism of CrN from abrasive wear and fatigue wear to abrasive wear of CrN/FeCoNiAlSi double-layer coating. It is speculated that this PVD/HVOF combinatorial design concept may be applied to many other soft metal substrates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23238,"journal":{"name":"Tribology International","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 110753"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143881625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Continuum modeling of dislocation microstructures under tribological loading 摩擦学载荷下位错微观结构的连续模拟
IF 6.1 1区 工程技术
Tribology International Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110731
Sing-Huei Lee , Christian Wieners , Katrin Schulz
{"title":"Continuum modeling of dislocation microstructures under tribological loading","authors":"Sing-Huei Lee ,&nbsp;Christian Wieners ,&nbsp;Katrin Schulz","doi":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110731","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110731","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dislocation-mediated plastic deformation governs the mechanical response and microstructural evolution in tribological contacts, yet linking these effects across scales remains challenging. We present a dislocation-based crystal plasticity model that couples micro-scale dislocation dynamics with macro-scale plastic deformation under sliding conditions. By incorporating crystallographic effects on dislocation mobility and capturing subsurface dislocation transport and trace line formation, the model reveals intricate microstructural features that influence plastic deformation, surface topography, and contact area evolution. Unlike continuum-scale simulations, which lack the resolution to capture microstructural details, or discrete simulations, which fail to couple microstructure-driven plasticity with tribological contact, this model bridges these gaps. Leveraging an implicit macro–micro coupling mechanism, a flux vector splitting-based numerical scheme, and a penalty contact boundary condition, this work provides a foundation for predictive modeling capturing dislocation-driven deformation under tribological contact.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23238,"journal":{"name":"Tribology International","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 110731"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143878862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Design, analysis and comparative study of bio-inspired surface texturing for enhanced drag reduction in rotating hydrodynamic lubrication regimes 设计、分析和比较生物表面纹理在旋转流体动力润滑系统中增强减阻的研究
IF 6.1 1区 工程技术
Tribology International Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110750
Nikolaos Rogkas, Georgios Adamopoulos, Dimitrios Skondras-Giousios, Vasilios Spitas
{"title":"Design, analysis and comparative study of bio-inspired surface texturing for enhanced drag reduction in rotating hydrodynamic lubrication regimes","authors":"Nikolaos Rogkas,&nbsp;Georgios Adamopoulos,&nbsp;Dimitrios Skondras-Giousios,&nbsp;Vasilios Spitas","doi":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110750","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110750","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reducing power losses in tribological systems is crucial for improving mechanical efficiency and sustainability. This study leverages biomimicry in surface engineering to create bio-inspired textures that enhance hydrodynamic lubrication in rotating discs applications by reducing drag torque. Seven nature examples are designed and parametrized. Then, a flow dynamics model, developed using ANSYS Fluent, and validated against published results, simulates fluid behavior between rotating discs in the low-speed regime (&lt;1500 rpm), examining the interplay between texture characteristics and flow mechanics. Conducted under the Basic Research Project WetSURF, this research underscores the pivotal role of bio-inspired surface texturing in improving tribological performance and provides valuable insights into bio-intelligent design strategies for advanced mechanical systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23238,"journal":{"name":"Tribology International","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 110750"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144134624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Experimental study on the cavitation erosion resistance of 17-4PH under the structure of hundred-micron array grooves on the surface 表面百微米阵列沟槽结构下17-4PH抗空化侵蚀的实验研究
IF 6.1 1区 工程技术
Tribology International Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110751
Juan DI , Neng-hao WANG , Jun JI , Lei HE , Jian-feng WANG , Chao-yi PENG
{"title":"Experimental study on the cavitation erosion resistance of 17-4PH under the structure of hundred-micron array grooves on the surface","authors":"Juan DI ,&nbsp;Neng-hao WANG ,&nbsp;Jun JI ,&nbsp;Lei HE ,&nbsp;Jian-feng WANG ,&nbsp;Chao-yi PENG","doi":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110751","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110751","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper focuses on the cavitation characteristics and damage morphology evolutions of the 17–4PH material with hundreds-micron array grooves on the surface. Based on the ultrasonic cavitation test platform, experimental data were obtained via the mass loss method and fitted with the <em>Logistic</em> equation to derive key parameters, including the nominal incubation period, maximum erosion rate, and stable erosion rate. The results show that samples with groove spacing and width in the hundreds-micron inhibit cavitation damage. Among the samples with four different ratios of groove width to groove spacing (0.8, 0.82, 0.96, 1.75), the cavitation resistance of the material increases with the increase of the ratio. The larger the dimensionless erosion performance parameters, the weaker the anti-cavitation performance. An optimal array groove structure can significantly reduce cavitation damage compared to the polished sample. Especially, the sample with groove width <em>L</em>= 700 μm and groove spacing <em>W</em>= 400 μm exhibits the longest nominal incubation period (25.05 hours) and the minimal cumulative mass loss (10.92 mg) after 50 hours of cavitation, demonstrating the best cavitation resistance. This study can provide a reference for developing new anti-cavitation surface structures in engineering practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23238,"journal":{"name":"Tribology International","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 110751"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143903971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fundamentals of cooling/lubrication effect in grinding of Inconel 718 employing an inverse thermo-mechanical model 基于逆热力学模型的Inconel 718磨削冷却/润滑效应的基本原理
IF 6.1 1区 工程技术
Tribology International Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110746
Amin Bagherzadeh , Farzad Pashmforoush , Hamid Jamshidi , Erhan Budak
{"title":"Fundamentals of cooling/lubrication effect in grinding of Inconel 718 employing an inverse thermo-mechanical model","authors":"Amin Bagherzadeh ,&nbsp;Farzad Pashmforoush ,&nbsp;Hamid Jamshidi ,&nbsp;Erhan Budak","doi":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110746","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110746","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cutting fluids are essential in grinding to control the intense heat generated at the wheel–workpiece interface. This study investigates the cooling/lubrication effect using an inverse thermo-mechanical model to support the understanding and optimization of sustainable cooling strategies. A hybrid analytical–experimental method is developed for determining the heat partition ratio and the convective heat transfer coefficient (h), which are critical to understanding thermal behavior in grinding. The inverse modeling approach considers the thermal behaviour of coolants and workpiece materials under elevated temperatures, where their thermo-physical properties differ significantly from those at room temperature. It further incorporates the effects of grinding parameters, wheel-workpiece contact length, and coolant supply conditions. Additionally, chemical reactions in the grinding zone, which can either absorb or release heat, are accounted for, further influencing heat transfer dynamics. The model is applied to evaluate several eco-friendly cooling/lubrication techniques, including cryogenic liquid nitrogen, carbon dioxide, minimum quantity lubrication (MQL), and their hybrid combinations, and compared to conventional flood and dry grinding. Key performance indicators such as grinding forces, temperature, surface finish, and elemental composition are analyzed. A generalized formula for the heat partition ratio is proposed based on the inverse method, enabling consistent evaluation of thermal effects across different cooling conditions. This integrated modeling approach enhances the understanding of coolant behavior in realistic grinding environments and supports the transition toward sustainable, high-efficiency manufacturing by guiding the selection and optimization of environmentally friendly cooling/lubrication methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23238,"journal":{"name":"Tribology International","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 110746"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143881626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cage parameters on friction within cage-pockets contacts and lubrication behaviors in ball-raceway contacts 笼-袋接触摩擦及球-滚道接触润滑特性的笼参数
IF 6.1 1区 工程技术
Tribology International Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110747
Xuyang Jin , Yonghui Wang , Qinghua Bai , Xinming Li , Hao Jiang , Feng Guo , Xiaoyu Bai , Gerhard Poll
{"title":"Cage parameters on friction within cage-pockets contacts and lubrication behaviors in ball-raceway contacts","authors":"Xuyang Jin ,&nbsp;Yonghui Wang ,&nbsp;Qinghua Bai ,&nbsp;Xinming Li ,&nbsp;Hao Jiang ,&nbsp;Feng Guo ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Bai ,&nbsp;Gerhard Poll","doi":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110747","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110747","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dynamic motion of the cage and rolling elements in rolling bearings significantly influences lubricant redistribution and film formation. To investigate these complex interactions, a novel imental apparatus was developed by integrating a cage measurement unit into a ball-on-disc optical elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) test rig. The influence of cage pocket positions, cage dimensions, grooved surface textures, and grease properties on film thickness and friction forces at the ball-raceway and ball-cage interfaces were studied. Results showed that the cage plays a crucial role in enhancing ball-raceway lubrication by redistributing lubricant across ball surfaces, with its effectiveness governed by positional clearances, grease type, and cage design. The lubrication state of the ball-raceway interface was found to be closely linked to the cage-ball interaction forces, requiring a delicate balance for optimal performance. Analyzing and optimizing the friction behavior between the cage and rolling elements, along with cage structure optimization, can guide the design of novel cage structures for improved bearing lubrication characteristics. These findings provide valuable insights into the complex lubrication mechanisms induced by the dynamic motion of the cage and rolling elements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23238,"journal":{"name":"Tribology International","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 110747"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Surface asperity-enhanced micro electrical discharge in lubricated contact interfaces 润滑接触界面中表面粗糙度增强的微放电
IF 6.1 1区 工程技术
Tribology International Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110742
Xiaoman Wang , Q. Jane Wang , Calvin Davies , Alex Mo , Shuangbiao Liu , Ning Ren
{"title":"Surface asperity-enhanced micro electrical discharge in lubricated contact interfaces","authors":"Xiaoman Wang ,&nbsp;Q. Jane Wang ,&nbsp;Calvin Davies ,&nbsp;Alex Mo ,&nbsp;Shuangbiao Liu ,&nbsp;Ning Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110742","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110742","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrically induced bearing damage (EIBD) is a significant challenge to lubricated interfaces in machine elements subjected to electric fields, particularly for applications like battery electric vehicles (BEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), and wind turbines. When the electric field across a non-conducting lubricant film exceeds its dielectric strength, electrical discharges occur, causing surface damage to machine elements. Surface asperities amplify the local electric field, leading to microscale discharges and micro-pitting in the areas corresponding to the minimum film thickness within the elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) regime. This study investigates the effect of asperities on local electric fields and introduces a field enhancement parameter to quantify the influence of various asperity geometries, including hemispheres, semicylinders, hyperboloid tips, hyperbolic blades, and two-dimensional sinusoidal wavy surfaces. The analysis results indicate that for a given film thickness, the enhancement effect is strongly dependent on the radius of curvature of the asperity tip, and that as the radius increases, the enhancement effect reduces and diminishes. The proposed method helps effectively predict the electrical-breakdown voltage for known asperity characteristics, offering valuable insights into the nature of EIBD, useful for the design of reliable lubricated systems working under high electric fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23238,"journal":{"name":"Tribology International","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 110742"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143887329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信