Tribology International最新文献

{"title":"Solid particle erosion behavior and failure mechanism of medium-entropy AlCrTiSiN coatings","authors":"Y. Hong ,&nbsp;S.Q. Huang ,&nbsp;W.L. Chen ,&nbsp;S.S. Lin ,&nbsp;T.W. Fan ,&nbsp;Y.Z. Wu ,&nbsp;W. Xu ,&nbsp;D.Z. Gong ,&nbsp;J. Yan ,&nbsp;B. Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.triboint.2026.111775","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.triboint.2026.111775","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multi-principal nitride coatings have received growing attention for their significant potential as protective coatings against solid particle erosion. In this study, the solid particle erosion behavior and associated failure mechanisms of medium-entropy AlCrTiSiN coatings and ternary AlCrN coatings were investigated. The results show that AlCrTiSiN coatings exhibit better erosion resistance than AlCrN coatings due to their higher hardness and greater fracture toughness. The outstanding performance of AlCrTiSiN coatings arises not only from the powerful solid solution strengthening effect and elevated surface energy imparted by their multi-principal elements, but also from the unique microstructures generated by the arc ion plating process. AlCrTiSiN coatings are composed of columnar AlCrTiSiN nitrides and spherical metal-droplets. These columnar AlCrTiSiN nitrides are deposited as a nanolayer structure, consisting of CrN phase solid solutions with periodic fluctuations in elemental composition. During erosion, metal-droplets dissipate impact energy through the formation of dense microcracks, rotations of nanocrystallites, and internal plastic deformations. Simultaneously, the nanolayer structure promotes formation of transverse microcracks and deflects long cracks, thus increasing the driving energy consumed by crack propagation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23238,"journal":{"name":"Tribology International","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 111775"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146079916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atomic-scale simulations of nanoscratching behavior on copper coated with multilayer WSe2","authors":"Yongda Yan ,&nbsp;Guangrui Zhao ,&nbsp;Zihan Li ,&nbsp;Yanquan Geng","doi":"10.1016/j.triboint.2026.111753","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.triboint.2026.111753","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>WSe₂ exhibits excellent potential for reducing friction and resisting wear, making it suitable for application as a solid lubricant. In this study, the tribological properties of Cu coated with WSe₂ layers of varying thicknesses were investigated via nanoscale molecular dynamics simulations. Indentation tests were conducted on WSe₂-coated Cu with 0–3 layers to explore its mechanical response. Additionally, scratching processes at different indentation depths were performed, and the nanoscale friction morphology, mechanical response, defect propagation, and stress distribution were analyzed. The simulation results indicate that during the indentation process, the protective effect of WSe₂ coatings enhances with an increase in the number of layers. During scratching at small indentation depths, multilayer WSe₂ enables stick-slip friction to persist to a greater indentation depth as the number of WSe₂ layers increases. At relatively large scratching depths, an increase in the number of layers leads to initial fracture of the top atomic layer; due to stress release, the bottom WSe₂ layer undergoes rebound, which mitigates the impact of plastic damage on the Cu substrate. Furthermore, the failure mode of the topmost WSe₂ layer differs between monolayer and multilayer systems: in monolayer systems, WSe₂ mainly fails via zigzag-direction crack propagation and wrinkle formation; in multilayer systems, it tends to fracture into debris, as the interlayer interaction is stronger than that at the WSe₂/Cu interface. This work provides important theoretical support for the design of wear-resistant WSe₂ coatings, which are expected to be applied to small-scale components in micro/nanoelectromechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23238,"journal":{"name":"Tribology International","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 111753"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146079464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of material removal profile in ultra-precision small tool polishing based on a hybrid mechanical–hydrodynamic removal mechanism","authors":"Ning Kang ,&nbsp;Shaohui Yin ,&nbsp;Rong Li ,&nbsp;Renchen Zhou ,&nbsp;Xipeng Guo ,&nbsp;Qiu Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.triboint.2026.111747","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.triboint.2026.111747","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate prediction of the material removal profile (MRP) is crucial for achieving high-efficiency ultra-precision polishing of optical elements. This study proposes a hybrid mechanical–hydrodynamic removal mechanism that explicitly incorporates the material removal contribution of the polishing slurry into the ultra-precision small tool polishing process. Based on this mechanism, an MRP predictive model is developed by coupling the nonlinear elastic behavior of the polishing cloth with the shear-thinning behavior of the polishing slurry, and is experimentally validated under various polishing conditions. The predicted MRPs show non-uniform material removal with an elliptical-like shape, an asymmetric distribution along the <em>X</em> direction, and a Gaussian-like profile along the <em>Y</em> direction. These results agree well with experimental measurements, with an overall mean prediction error of 3.6 % across multiple indicators. The effects of polishing force and spindle speed on MRP are also examined. Increasing the polishing force from 1.5 N to 4.5 N and the spindle speed from 180 rpm to 720 rpm leads to notable increases in key MRP characteristics, including length, width, removal depth, and removal volume. This behavior arises because higher polishing force increases the contact pressure and expands the mechanical removal area, whereas higher spindle speed increases the relative velocity and the Preston coefficient and enlarges the hydrodynamic removal domain. This study provides accurate MRP prediction and improves understanding of material removal mechanisms in ultra-precision polishing processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23238,"journal":{"name":"Tribology International","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 111747"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146079463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into microstructure characteristics along with wear behavior of AlSi12 coating on Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr alloy through laser cladding","authors":"Meng Zhang ,&nbsp;Haolong Tian ,&nbsp;Bing Li ,&nbsp;Jiawang Chen ,&nbsp;Xinpeng Li ,&nbsp;Yujie Wang ,&nbsp;Zhaoming Yan ,&nbsp;Yushi Qi","doi":"10.1016/j.triboint.2026.111727","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.triboint.2026.111727","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper fabricates AlSi₁₂ coating on Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr alloy surface through optimizing laser cladding parameters to enhance the surface properties, including laser power and scanning velocity. The microstructure characteristic and wear resistance of the cladding layers were also systematically investigated. The high energy density from laser effectively melted AlSi₁₂ powder and the Al, Si, Mg, Gd, Y atoms diffused to form a molten pool, which resulted in the formation of gradient composition at the interface. The results indicated the cladding layer achieved excellent metallurgical bonding with Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr substrate. In addition, the Mg₂Si, Mg₂Al₃ and Mg₁₇Al₁₂ phase precipitated within cladding layer, and eutectic (Mg, Zn)₃(Gd, Y) phase formed at transition zone. The average hardness of cladding layer reached 160 HV, representing 74 % increase compared to the substrate. Friction and wear tests show that AlSi₁₂ coating at 1440 W demonstrates a lower wear volume compared with substrate, and the friction coefficient stably remains at 0.397 and wear mechanism is mainly controlled by adhesive wear.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23238,"journal":{"name":"Tribology International","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 111727"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146038927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced mechanical and frictional performance of Ta-MoS2-Ta sandwich films: A machine learning interatomic potential-based molecular dynamics study","authors":"Shujia Wan ,&nbsp;Ruiting Tong ,&nbsp;Bing Han ,&nbsp;Ning Dong ,&nbsp;Chun Zhang ,&nbsp;Siyao Li ,&nbsp;Yuwan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.triboint.2026.111732","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.triboint.2026.111732","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) exhibits limited stability in ambient moisture, atomic oxygen, and vibrational environments. Owing to the top-and-bottom dual-barrier configuration, Ta-MoS₂-Ta sandwich films appear to be a promising alternative, although their mechanical and frictional performance remains unclear. To address this, a spectral neighbor analysis potential (SNAP) for the Ta-MoS₂ system was developed and validated against density functional theory (DFT) benchmarks, demonstrating excellent accuracy in predicting energies, forces, equations of state, and potential energy surfaces. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations revealed that Ta-MoS₂-Ta sandwich films outperform pure MoS₂ films in three key aspects: lower friction, superior vibration-damping performance, and higher load-bearing capacity. Mechanistically, relative slip occurs between MoS₂ layers, and the lower friction stems from a larger MoS₂ interlayer spacing resulting from Ta-mediated normal strain redistribution. This work advances the rational design of robust solid lubricants for extreme environments and provides a SNAP model enabling MD-based optimization of Ta/MoS₂ multilayer films.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23238,"journal":{"name":"Tribology International","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 111732"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146038933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved high-temperature tribological properties in Cr2AlC MAX films via friction-induced glaze layer formation","authors":"Bingsen Jia ,&nbsp;Xiaowei Tang ,&nbsp;Wenju Xu ,&nbsp;Xinyu Jiang ,&nbsp;Xiaohong Liu ,&nbsp;Li Ji ,&nbsp;Kunjie Wang ,&nbsp;Hongxuan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.triboint.2026.111742","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.triboint.2026.111742","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Owing to their unique layered hexagonal crystal structure and hybrid metallic-covalent bonding characteristics, Cr₂AlC MAX-phase ceramics exhibit outstanding thermal conductivity, oxidation resistance, and thermal stability at elevated temperatures. These properties render them highly sought after for tribological systems operating in extreme environments. This work investigates the dry sliding tribological behaviour of Cr₂AlC films in air between 700 and 900 ℃, examining the temperature-dependent evolution of their friction and wear characteristics, as well as the corresponding oxidation protection mechanisms. Results indicate that the coefficient of friction decreases progressively with increasing temperature, while the wear rate exhibits a non-monotonic trend, initially increasing followed by a reduction. At 900 ℃, the wear rate diminishes significantly to 1.2 × 10⁻⁵ mm³/(N·m), demonstrating exceptional high-temperature lubrication performance. This superior performance is primarily attributed to the in situ formation of a continuous, dense Cr₂O₃-Al₂O₃ composite oxide film on the friction contact surface. This oxide film not only enhances the material's shear resistance but also effectively isolates direct contact between the mating surfaces, thereby transforming the wear mechanism from abrasive wear-dominated to oxide film lubrication-dominated. Furthermore, in high-temperature oxidation experiments, the selective outward diffusion of Al serves as the key driver for the formation of the protective Al₂O₃ layer. As temperatures rise further, Cr tends to precipitate at Al₂O₃ grain boundaries or defect sites, effectively filling microscopic diffusion channels within the oxide layer and enhancing structural integrity. This research provides new insights for the design and application of MAX phase ceramics in high-temperature friction systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23238,"journal":{"name":"Tribology International","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 111742"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146079917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MoSi2-induced in-situ phase reinforcement in oscillating laser-directed energy deposited CoNiCrAlY coatings: Mechanism of enhanced high-temperature wear resistance","authors":"Cheng Deng ,&nbsp;Yuanlun Yang ,&nbsp;Chunqiang Wang ,&nbsp;Yongping Cai ,&nbsp;Yunzhen Xu ,&nbsp;Xinhua Wang ,&nbsp;Zhenxin Zheng ,&nbsp;Shengfeng Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.triboint.2026.111745","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.triboint.2026.111745","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To enhance the high-temperature wear resistance of MCrAlY coatings, 10 wt% MoSi₂ particles were incorporated into a CoNiCrAlY coating via oscillating laser-directed energy deposition (OL-DED). The wear behavior of the coatings was systematically evaluated at room temperature, 500°C, and 900°C. Results indicate that the highly dynamic OL-DED molten pool promotes complete decomposition of MoSi₂, leading to uniform diffusion of Mo and Si and the in-situ formation of high-hardness (Cr, Mo)₃(Co, Ni)₅Si₂ and β phases uniformly dispersed within the γ-phase matrix. This microstructure provides synergistic wear resistance: the hard phases resist abrasion and plastic deformation, while the soft γ-phase absorbs strain energy. Increased hard-phase content also raises overall hardness, inhibiting subsurface deformation and preventing crack propagation in the protective oxide scale. Compared to the baseline CoNiCrAlY coating, the CoNiCrAlY-10MoSi₂ coating exhibits a lower friction coefficient and wear rate at all temperatures, with advantages becoming more pronounced at high temperatures. At 900°C, its average friction coefficient decreases significantly from 1.19 to 0.89, and the wear rate decreases from 0.62 × 10⁻⁴ mm³·N⁻¹·m⁻¹ to 0.48 × 10⁻⁴ mm³·N⁻¹·m⁻¹, a reduction of approximately 29.2 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23238,"journal":{"name":"Tribology International","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 111745"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146079910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-located dual-wave ultrasonics for lubricant film thickness and interfacial temperature monitoring","authors":"Pan Dou,&nbsp;Yifeng Zhang,&nbsp;Bo Lan,&nbsp;Frederic Cegla,&nbsp;Thomas Reddyhoff,&nbsp;Min Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.triboint.2026.111690","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.triboint.2026.111690","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A lubricant film separates metal-to-metal contacts and is critical for industrial components such as bearings, engines, and transmissions, to assure their durability and energy efficiency. The lubricant film thickness can reflect oil rheological properties and thus its degradation, while the interfacial temperature variation is mainly caused by friction heating that can reflect wear conditions. Therefore, simultaneous monitoring of these two key variables will enable comprehensive characterization of the lubrication condition, facilitating predictive maintenance of energy equipment. Traditional ultrasonic measurement techniques based on longitudinal waves have been widely employed for monitoring lubricant film thickness; however, the acoustic velocity in such methods is highly sensitive to temperature and lacks effective compensation mechanisms. This severely limits their applicability in high-precision scenarios. To address this issue, this paper proposes a hybrid ultrasonic measurement approach that employs co-located longitudinal and shear waves. Shear waves propagate only in solids and are unaffected by the lubricant film, while longitudinal waves travel through both solids and liquids. Thus, the method utilizes the longitudinal wave to estimate film thickness and the shear wave to evaluate solid temperature and infer interfacial temperature. This temperature information is then used to improve estimates of the phase of the wave that is propagating in the solid medium and the assumed acoustic velocity in the lubricating film, thereby enhancing the accuracy and robustness of thickness measurements. Experimental validation was conducted on both a heating plate and a rheometer system. The temperature experiments demonstrated the feasibility of using ultrasound to measure temperature gradients within solids. On the rheometer platform, practical lubrication conditions were simulated by adjusting the upper plate temperature, allowing for further evaluation of the shear-wave-based temperature sensing method. Experimental results confirm that the proposed method can accurately obtain interfacial temperatures and compensate for temperature-induced errors in the lubricant film thickness measurements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23238,"journal":{"name":"Tribology International","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 111690"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145981883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Si-content on the microstructure and wear resistance of multilayer fe-based ultrafine-grained coatings deposited by laser cladding process","authors":"Zheng Gao ,&nbsp;Jingjie Zhang ,&nbsp;Guangchun Xiao ,&nbsp;Hui Zhang ,&nbsp;Hui Chen ,&nbsp;Mingdong Yi ,&nbsp;Zhaoqiang Chen ,&nbsp;Chonghai Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.triboint.2026.111704","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.triboint.2026.111704","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study systematically studied the effect of gradient variation of Si-content on the microstructure evolution and wear performance of multilayer Fe-based ultrafine-grained coatings. When the Si-content ranged from 1.5 to 2.5 wt%, Si-related diffraction peaks emerged in the top layer of the coating. As Si-content increased, both grain size and carbide size of the coating initially decreased and then increased. When the Si-content was 2.0 wt%, the grain and carbide size reached the minimum values of 0.86 μm and 1.04 μm, respectively. Correspondingly, the microhardness of the coating showed a trend of initially increasing and then decreasing, peaking at an average value of 1144 HV_0.2 in the top layer at 2.0 wt% Si. At room temperature and 400 °C, the wear resistance of the coating followed a similar trend, improving initially with increasing Si-content and then declining. Optimal wear resistance was achieved at 2.0 wt% Si, with wear rates of 0.264 × 10⁻⁶ mm³/(N·m) at room temperature and 3.37 × 10⁻⁶ mm³/(N·m) at 400 °C.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23238,"journal":{"name":"Tribology International","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 111704"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145981885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Material removal behavior and surface evolution in chemical-enhanced magnetorheological shear thickening polishing of titanium alloy slender tubes","authors":"Zenghua Fan,&nbsp;Zihao Yang,&nbsp;Xiang Zhang,&nbsp;Jun Gao,&nbsp;Yebing Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.triboint.2026.111667","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.triboint.2026.111667","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The spatial limitations present a significant challenge for the inner surface polishing of titanium alloy slender tubes. A chemical-enhanced magnetorheological shear thickening polishing (CMSTP) method is proposed for the inner surface polishing of titanium alloy slender tubes. An eco-friendly CMSTP slurry was developed that exploits the interaction of chemically coordinated, shear thickening, and magnetorheological effects. A material removal rate (MRR) model for CMSTP was established based on the continuity equation and the Navier-Stokes equation. Polishing experiments were conducted to verify the established theoretical model using a customized platform. The maximum deviation between the experiments and the theoretical solutions was controlled at 4.11 %. Comparative experiments of titanium alloy slender tubes were carried out to evaluate the performance of the developed CMSTP slurry. The effects of various critical parameters, including the pH, workpiece rotational velocity, and surfactant concentration, on the MRR and the surface roughness were investigated. A MRR of 0.273 mm³ /min and a surface roughness of 56 nm were obtained under the experimental conditions of pH 3, a workpiece rotational velocity of 1000 r/min, and a surfactant concentration of 0.3 wt%. A smooth surface without convex peaks and deep scratches was obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and ultra-depth microscope observations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23238,"journal":{"name":"Tribology International","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 111667"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145981944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}