Translational Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Alleviating the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway-mediated pyroptosis and ameliorating the cognitive function of aged mice post partial hepatectomy by increasing the Bmal1 level via subanesthetic doses of ketamine.","authors":"Wenbin Zeng, Xiaoming Lei, Hongtao Liu, Simin Zheng, Qianru Wang, Xiaoli Niu","doi":"10.1515/tnsci-2025-0370","DOIUrl":"10.1515/tnsci-2025-0370","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>As a non-competitive blocker of the <i>N</i>-methyl-d-aspartate receptor, ketamine is widely used for anesthesia and pain relief in clinical settings. However, certain neurological side effects may appear if it is used for the long term. According to clinical observations, anesthetic doses of ketamine trigger postoperative neurocognitive dysfunction in elderly patients, while subanesthetic doses of ketamine suppress the postoperative neuronal pyroptosis in the hippocampus, ameliorating the cognitive function. There is a certain link between brain and muscle arnt-like 1 (Bmal1) and the postoperative cognitive functions of elderly patients. Meanwhile, the Bmal1 activity can be intensified by subanesthetic doses of ketamine. How subanesthetic doses of ketamine act on the postoperative cognitive functions of elderly patients via Bmal1 is to be further investigated.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>To expound how different doses of ketamine affect the cognitive functions of 15-month-old mice (No.: C57BL/6) receiving partial hepatectomy (PH), the following assays were conducted: (1) Morris Water Maze tests were made on mice on days1, 3, and 7 post-surgery; (2) histopathological analyses (by Nissl and Tunel staining) as well as western blotting, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemical, and ELISA assays were carried out on the hippocampal tissue samples collected from the mice 3 days post-surgery. Furthermore, to verify the critical role of the Bmal1 gene in the subanesthetic doses of ketamine-based improvement of cognitive function in aged mice post-surgery, the survey on 15-month-old mice (No.: C57BL/6) with inactivated Bmal1 gene was continued. Through the aforementioned assays, the modulation mechanism of subanesthetic doses of ketamine in ameliorating postoperative cognitive functions of aged mice was elucidated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As revealed through this investigation, subanesthetic doses of ketamine compared with the sham group effectively enhanced mice's memory and learning ability, increased the expression of p-NR2B and BDNF proteins, mitigated neuronal pathologic injuries and neuroinflammation in aged mice post-surgery, upregulated the gene expression of Bmal1, and inhibited the hippocampal neuronal pyroptosis mediated by the NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway. These effects are contrary to those of anesthetic doses of ketamine. Furthermore, for mice with an inactivated Bmal1 gene, injecting subanesthetic doses of ketamine helped to alleviate neuronal pathological injuries and neuroinflammation in the hippocampal tissues, suppress the expression of cytokines pertaining to the NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway, and improve postoperative memory and learning competence of the mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Subanesthetic doses of ketamine can elevate the expressed level of Bmal1, dampening the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway-mediated cell pyroptosis, alleviating neuroinflammation, and improving the postoperativ","PeriodicalId":23227,"journal":{"name":"Translational Neuroscience","volume":"16 1","pages":"20250370"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12413628/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145016272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma tissue factor as a promising marker in multiple sclerosis: Evidence from a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Rui Pan, Aiqi Wang, Yaqi Li, Qizhi Xie, Meihua Lin, Jiayi Li, Xiaolei Shi","doi":"10.1515/tnsci-2025-0378","DOIUrl":"10.1515/tnsci-2025-0378","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a major demyelinating disorder that affects the central nervous system. A growing body of evidence has revealed the involvement of coagulation pathway in the pathogenesis of MS. However, the causal association between coagulation factors and MS is still unclear.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted. Genetic variants for plasma coagulation factors were identified as instrumental variables. Summary-level statistics for MS were collected from a large-scale genome-wide association study, including 47,429 cases and 68,374 controls. Primary MR analysis was performed using the inverse-variance weighting (IVW) approach. False discovery rate (FDR)-adjusted method was applied to adjust for multiple testing. MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, weighted mode, and MR-pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) methods were used as sensitivity analysis approaches.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A causal effect of higher plasma tissue factor (TF) levels on the risk of MS onset was identified using IVW method (OR: 1.215, 95% CI 1.108-1.333, <i>P</i> < 0.001, <i>P</i> _FDR < 0.001). Complementary analysis using weighted median (OR: 1.262, 95% CI: 1.119-1.423, <i>P</i> < 0.001), weighted mode (OR: 1.238, 95% CI: 1.100-1.394, <i>P</i> = 0.012), and MR-PRESSO (OR: 1.215, 95% CI: 1.125-1.313, <i>P</i> = 0.003) methods yielded consistent results. Null associations were found for other plasma coagulation factors with MS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study demonstrates a suggestive association between TF and MS. Increasing plasma TF was associated with an increase in MS risk. TF should be a promising biomarker and new target for MS.</p>","PeriodicalId":23227,"journal":{"name":"Translational Neuroscience","volume":"16 1","pages":"20250378"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12413626/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145016291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism study on the attenuation of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by LBP extract through regulation of SIRT1/PGC-1α axis.","authors":"Qingfeng Niu, Jiahui Peng, Yujia Zhou, Xiaowen Li, Ouya Liu, Cheng Xin, Ping Liu, Changchun Hei, Xiao Yang","doi":"10.1515/tnsci-2025-0377","DOIUrl":"10.1515/tnsci-2025-0377","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to determine if <i>Lycium barbarum</i> polysaccharides (LBP) extract attenuate oxidative stress by regulating the SIRT1/PGC-1α axis, potentially ameliorating oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R)-induced neuronal damage.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cellular hypoxia/reoxygenation model (OGD/R) using HT22 cells was established to simulate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Cells were allocated into four groups: normal (Control), hypoxia (OGD/R), LBP extract-treated (OGD/R + LBP at 25, 50, 100 μg/mL), and SIRT1-inhibited (OGD/R + S100). Western blot and qPCR were performed to detect the expression of pathway-related factors, oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, and apoptosis-related factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to the Control group, the OGD/R group exhibited significantly reduced cell survival, increased LDH release, apoptosis rate, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. After intervention with LBP extract, cell survival increased, LDH release, ROS levels, and apoptosis rates reduced. The above injuries were associated with the inhibition of the SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway. LBP extract can attenuate the hypoxia-reperfusion-induced inhibition of the SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway and reverse the resulting high levels of oxidative stress and apoptosis, ultimately ameliorating cellular injury.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LBP extract's protective effects against ischemia-reperfusion injury in HT22 cells appear linked to the modulation of the SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway and a reduction in oxidative stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":23227,"journal":{"name":"Translational Neuroscience","volume":"16 1","pages":"20250377"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12258424/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144638085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antidepressant and neuromodulatory potential of hydroalcoholic extract of <i>Helianthus annuus</i> florets in mouse models of depression.","authors":"Km Kajal, Tarique Anwer, Ankit Verma, Mohammad Firoz Alam, Saeed Alshahrani, Muhanad Alhujaily, Mohammed Naffaa Alruwaili, Ali Assiry, Abdullah Saleh Salem Alrashah","doi":"10.1515/tnsci-2025-0376","DOIUrl":"10.1515/tnsci-2025-0376","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Depression is a pervasive neuropsychiatric disorder having significant social and economic impacts and often linked to imbalances in neurotransmitter systems. Traditional herbal medicines have garnered attention for their potential antidepressant effects, with limited research on <i>Helianthus annuus</i> (sunflower) as a therapeutic option.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The present study was carried out to investigate the anti-depressant and neuromodulatory potential of hydroalcoholic extract of <i>Helianthus annuus</i> (<i>H. annuus</i>) florets in mouse models of depression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Depression was induced in rats by the forced swim test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST). The hydroalcoholic extract of <i>H. annuus</i> was used as the test drug given in the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg, whereas fluoxetine was used as the standard drug.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed that the <i>H. annuus</i> extract decreased the immobility time significantly as reflected in FST and TST. Treatment with <i>H. annuus</i> extract also demonstrated significant improvement in the swimming and climbing times as reflected in FST. Administration of <i>H. annuus</i> extract significantly improved neurotransmitter levels such as serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine, which were significantly lowered in depression control rats. The mean value of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances was significantly lowered after the administration of <i>H. annuus</i> extract. Additionally, the levels of glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase were significantly increased after the administration of <i>H. annuus</i> extract. Additionally, the mean value of inflammatory cytokines, for example, tumour necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6 were reduced significantly in groups treated with <i>H. annuus</i> extract.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results suggest that <i>H. annuus</i> extract exhibited significant antidepressant and neuromodulatory potential by ameliorating behavioural parameters, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers.</p>","PeriodicalId":23227,"journal":{"name":"Translational Neuroscience","volume":"16 1","pages":"20250376"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12198942/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144508390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex-dimorphic growth hormone-releasing hormone (Ghrh) receptor regulation of ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus Ghrh neuron estrogen receptor variant gene expression.","authors":"Subash Sapkota, Karen P Briski","doi":"10.1515/tnsci-2025-0373","DOIUrl":"10.1515/tnsci-2025-0373","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Estradiol shapes systemic glucose homeostasis by action on ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMN) targets. The neuropeptide transmitter growth hormone-releasing hormone (Ghrh) governs counterregulatory neurochemical marker mRNA expression in dorsomedial VMN (VMNdm) Ghrh/steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1/Nr5a1) neurons. The current research used tools for <i>in vivo</i> gene silencing and single-cell laser catapult microdissection/multiplex qPCR to determine if VMN Ghrh receptor (Ghrh-R) regulates nuclear and/or membrane estrogen receptor (ER) gene transcription in those neurons. Intra-VMN Ghrh-R siRNA correspondingly up- or down-regulated baseline VMNdm Ghrh/SF-1 neuron ER-alpha (ERα) or G protein-coupled estrogen receptor-1 (GPER) transcripts in male rats; neither mRNA was affected by gene silencing in females. In each sex, hypoglycemic repression of these ER gene profiles was averted by Ghrh-R gene knockdown. Both sexes exhibited diminished baseline VMNdm Ghrh/SF-1 neuron ER-beta (ERβ) gene expression following Ghrh-R gene knockdown. ERβ mRNA was diminished (male) or unaffected (female) by hypoglycemia; Ghrh-R siRNA pretreatment enhanced transcript levels in hypoglycemic rats of either sex. Aromatase gene expression is higher in male versus female VMNdm Ghrh/SF-1 neurons and is inhibited by hypoglycemia in male rats alone. Ghrh-R gene knockdown augmented aromatase mRNA levels in each sex irrespective of glucose status. Results document glucose-dependent Ghrh-R control of VMNdm Ghrh/SF-1 neuron ERα (female), ERβ (both sexes), and GPER (both sexes) gene expression. Ongoing studies aim to characterize mechanisms that cause a hypoglycemia-associated gain of regulatory control or switch in direction (stimulatory-to-inhibitory) of control. Outcomes identify VMNdm Ghrh/SF-1 neurons as a putative neuroestradiol source in each sex and implicate Ghrh-R in hypoglycemic repression of this neurosteroid profile in males.</p>","PeriodicalId":23227,"journal":{"name":"Translational Neuroscience","volume":"16 1","pages":"20250373"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12176007/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144326904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional remapping in networks of the Parkinsonian brain: A preclinical neuroimaging perspective with clinical correlates.","authors":"Zhuo Wang, Michael W Jakowec, Giselle M Petzinger, Daniel P Holschneider","doi":"10.1515/tnsci-2025-0374","DOIUrl":"10.1515/tnsci-2025-0374","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parkinson's disease (PD) is increasingly understood as a neurodegenerative condition whose pathology extends beyond the direct and indirect basal ganglia pathways. Clinically, patients are all too painfully aware of dysfunction not only of motor circuits but also of somatosensory, autonomic, cognitive, and emotional systems. Functional neuroimaging studies have begun to document a functional reorganization in the PD brain across a wide number of networks. In particular, the cerebellar-thalamocortical, as well as the fronto-striatal circuit, have been shown to undergo functional reorganization. In this narrative review, citing preclinical as well as clinical neuroimaging studies, our objective is to highlight trends and discuss the relevance of cerebral adaptive changes. It remains clear that not all changes contribute to the normalization of functions. Parsing differences between functional \"compensation,\" \"silencing,\" or \"maladaptation\" in neural circuits is important. A necessary next step in neurorehabilitation is the question of whether compensatory cerebral changes can be enhanced. In this regard, physical exercise remains of interest, given that in patients, exercise may allow some degree of symptom improvement and possibly slow the course of the disease. Future interventions may wish to integrate neuroimaging findings as potential targets to support neuroplastic changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23227,"journal":{"name":"Translational Neuroscience","volume":"16 1","pages":"20250374"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12198951/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144508391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring rodent prosociality: A conceptual framework.","authors":"Valérie Charron, Joey Talbot, Hélène Plamondon","doi":"10.1515/tnsci-2025-0375","DOIUrl":"10.1515/tnsci-2025-0375","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prosociality is a behavior characterized by actions performed for the benefit or well-being of others. Recent studies have corroborated parallels in brain activation patterns between rodents and humans during prosocial behaviors. These findings have the potential to advance our understanding of social impairments observed in neurodevelopmental disorders, brain injuries, neurological conditions, and mental health disorders. However, a consensus regarding prosocial paradigms in rodents remains scattered. This conceptual framework aims to (1) reframe prosociality as a set of complex behaviors emerging in response to environmental determinants that cannot be reduced to a single set of data; (2) highlight important methodological considerations, mediating variables, and behavioral analyses that influence prosocial behaviors; and (3) present a decision tree as a dynamic element within this conceptual framework to offer guidance to researchers. The conceptual framework and decision tree are concise and straightforward, providing a robust foundation for the ongoing utilization of current models and the creation of novel paradigms. The integration of this conceptual framework into research practices will contribute to the advancement of knowledge in the field of rodent prosociality and foster greater confidence in the validity and reproducibility of study findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":23227,"journal":{"name":"Translational Neuroscience","volume":"16 1","pages":"20250375"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12163579/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144302908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From prevention to management: Exploring the impact of diet on multiple sclerosis.","authors":"Dalya Koukach, Maryam Aljumaily, Noora Al-Attiyah, Rawdhah Al-Amer, Yasmine Attia, Reema Tayyem","doi":"10.1515/tnsci-2025-0371","DOIUrl":"10.1515/tnsci-2025-0371","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system characterized by neuroinflammation and progressive neurodegeneration. Growing evidence suggests that dietary interventions may influence MS progression and symptom management by modulating inflammation, oxidative stress, and gut microbiota composition. This narrative review examines the effects of the Mediterranean, plant-based, ketogenic, Wahls, Swank, intermittent fasting, and gluten-free diets, alongside key nutrients such as omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D, polyphenols, and antioxidants. Among these, Mediterranean and plant-based diets have shown the most consistent benefits, including reductions in fatigue, improved quality of life, and modulation of inflammatory markers. The Wahls and Swank diets show promise but are primarily supported by studies from their respective research groups, raising concerns about long-term adherence and nutritional adequacy. The ketogenic diet and intermittent fasting have yielded mixed findings, with some studies suggesting benefits for fatigue and neuroprotection, while others highlight potential metabolic risks. The gluten-free diet and omega-3 supplementation lack robust evidence, with inconsistent findings across studies. Additionally, ultra-processed foods and diets high in saturated fats have been associated with increased inflammation and greater MS severity. Despite promising findings, limitations such as small sample sizes, short follow-up durations, and study design inconsistencies prevent definitive conclusions. Future research should prioritize large-scale, long-term randomized controlled trials to establish the efficacy, safety, and sustainability of dietary interventions in MS management. Mechanistic studies and standardized dietary protocols are also needed to better understand the role of diet in MS progression and symptom control.</p>","PeriodicalId":23227,"journal":{"name":"Translational Neuroscience","volume":"16 1","pages":"20250371"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12086631/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144102723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress, epileptiform symptoms in schizophrenia and neural information transmission.","authors":"Jakub Simek, Petr Bob, Ondrej Pec, Jan Chladek, Jakub Hajny, Jiri Raboch","doi":"10.1515/tnsci-2025-0372","DOIUrl":"10.1515/tnsci-2025-0372","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several findings indicate that stress may influence epileptiform discharges manifesting in temporal-limbic areas, which may become a potential trigger of psychosis that may manifest without neurologically diagnosed epilepsy. Some findings suggest that measures assessing levels of inter-hemispheric information connection may reveal the spread of subclinical epileptiform neural activity associated with psychotic and seizure-like symptoms. Recent research also suggests that electrodermal activity (EDA), which is related to limbic activations, may allow indirect measurement of interhemispheric information transmission. These findings about the interhemispheric spread of information suggest a hypothesis that heightened spread of information between the brain hemispheres might indirectly indicate epileptiform discharges spreading between hemispheres.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We have analyzed and measured EDA and also cognitive and affective epileptic-like symptoms (CPSI, complex partial seizure-like symptoms), symptoms of chronic stress (Trauma Symptoms Checklist-40, TSC-40), and psychotic symptoms in 31 schizophrenia patients and compared these data with 31 healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicate that in schizophrenia patients, the values of pointwise transinformation (PTI) calculated from right and left EDA time series are related to CPSI symptoms (Spearman correlation between CPSI and PTI is <i>R</i> = 0.48; <i>p</i> < 0.01) and symptoms of chronic stress (Spearman correlation between TSC-40 and PTI is <i>R</i> = 0.37, <i>p</i> < 0.05); both during mild stress conditions caused by conflicting (incongruent) Stroop task.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The analysis indicates potentially diagnostically useful results suggesting that heightened PTI values may reflect autonomic activations that hypothetically might be linked to higher interhemispheric transmission related to spreading of epileptiform discharges between hemispheres.</p>","PeriodicalId":23227,"journal":{"name":"Translational Neuroscience","volume":"16 1","pages":"20250372"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12086619/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144102727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishing the pig as a translational animal model for neurodevelopment.","authors":"Loretta Teresa Sutkus, Zimu Li, Ryan Neil Dilger","doi":"10.1515/tnsci-2025-0369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tnsci-2025-0369","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Within the last few decades, the domestic pig has emerged as an advantageous biomedical animal model due to a vast number of similarities in realms of development and neuroanatomical features. Even so, a major challenge remains in how to translate time between the pig and human. Previously, researchers have developed a Translating Mammalian Time model that estimates the timing of 95 neurodevelopmental events across 9 mammalian species. By identifying the timing of these various events, one can include an additional animal into the model and assign a unique species score to predict the post-conception day (PCD) that other events will occur.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Our objective was to conduct a comprehensive literature review of pig neurodevelopmental events to enable chronological comparison to other mammalian species, including humans.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 30 neurodevelopmental events with corresponding PCDs were identified, that were then used to optimize the pig's species score using grid search and gradient descent approaches.</p><p><strong>Results and conclusion: </strong>Across both methods, the same species score of 2.157 was derived with a residual sum of squares of 4260.46. This species score places the domestic pig between the cat (1.808) and the macaque (2.255), thereby reinforcing the translational power of the pig comparable to non-human primates.</p>","PeriodicalId":23227,"journal":{"name":"Translational Neuroscience","volume":"16 1","pages":"20250369"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12032983/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144049880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}