Ukrainian Journal of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Cellular aging and immunity","authors":"M. Zhelavskyi, S. Kernychnyi, O. Dmytriv, T. Betlinska","doi":"10.32718/ujvas5-1.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/ujvas5-1.02","url":null,"abstract":"Science is constantly evolving and updated with current data on cell biology. The cellular aging phenomenon should be considered an evolutionary mechanism of the biological regulation of all living organisms. Factors initiating cellular aging are variable. Each cell type can respond differently to the activation factors of cellular aging. In recent decades, science has been supplemented with new data that provide a deeper understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms of cellular aging and the formation of immune homeostasis. There is a real prospect of using effective means of its regulation. In recent years, scientists have come close to discovering the mechanisms of cellular aging. Factors and mechanisms of cell regeneration are more deeply revealed. Scientists are also better aware of the phylogeny and ontogenesis of immune processes and the role of immune factors in developing pathologies. Researchers are increasingly focusing on modern diagnostic methods and xenotherapy. However, the specific factors of immunoregulation and the interaction of microphages, macrophages, and lymphocytes with other body cells are not yet fully understood. Accordingly, this requires further in-depth study. This review reviews the current literature on cellular aging and its regulatory mechanisms. The authors also present the results of their research on the mechanisms of immune responses in reproductive pathology. They draw parallels with modern scientific theories and interpret research. We will also focus on the issues that need to be addressed in the near future for the progressive development of this field of science. Thus, the study of the mechanisms of cellular aging and the development of effective means of hay therapy today requires further painstaking work. Despite significant advances in preclinical studies, many questions remain about the practical use of the drugs. This is especially true in the medicine of oncology, neurology, and cardiology. Nevertheless, scientists will be able to use pharmacological agents to influence cell division, differentiation, and determination in the future. We also hope to have developed effective means of immunotherapy of diseases. The molecular mechanisms of cell aging and mediators involved in the mechanisms of cell aging and death are being studied in detail. The field of research contains countless fascinating studies that are sure to be discovered.","PeriodicalId":231752,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130799818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hematological parameters of dogs for parasitism Dirofilaria immitis","authors":"D. Kryvoruchenko","doi":"10.32718/ujvas5-1.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/ujvas5-1.06","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between helminths and the host is built on a subtle molecular biological basis. Their pathogenic effect is characterized by the mechanical, toxic, inoculating effect on the host organism and the state of reactivity of his organism, immunological and allergic reorganization. It has been proved that helminths of the species Dirofilaria immitis are the most pathogenic nematodes of this genus because the localization of the imaginal stage of the parasite causes more complex pathogenesis of the invasion. The study aimed to establish changes in hematological parameters of dogs infected with D. immitis, considering the intensity of microfilariasis invasion. Studies have shown that the intensity of the invasion of up to 20 larvae/cm3 in the blood of dogs, significant changes in the number of erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets, hemoglobin, and hematocrit and ESR were not found. The intensity of the invasion of 20–40 larvae/cm3 in infected dogs in the blood decreases the number of erythrocytes by 11.92 % (P < 0.05), the hemoglobin content by 16.33 % (P < 0.05), the hematocrit by 12.70% (P < 0.05) and the number of leukocytes increases by 15.17 % (P < 0.05). Indicators of the intensity of invasion of 40–60 larvae/cm3 in infected dogs showed more significant changes in the blood, which are characterized by a decrease in the number of erythrocytes by 25.54 % (P < 0.001), platelets by 34.03 % (P < 0.01), hemoglobin content by 30.86 % (P < 0.001), hematocrit by 20.56 % (P < 0.001) and an increase in the number of leukocytes by 32.75 % (P < 0.001) and ESR by 1.84 times 0.001). At indicators of the intensity of invasion of more than 60 larvae/cm3, in dogs significant (P < 0.001) decrease in the number of erythrocytes by 47.21 %, thrombocytes by 42.84 %, the content of hemoglobin by 42.27 %, the indicator of hematocrit by 41.57 % and an increase in the number of leukocytes by 44.98 % and ESR by 2.51 times. In the leukoform of dogs with increasing rates of microfilariae invasion, the number of eosinophils gradually increases to 62.38 % (P < 0.001), rod-shaped neutrophils to 27.48 % (P < 0.05), monocytes to 23.21 % (P < 0.01) and the number of lymphocytes is reduced to 45.45 % (P < 0.001). The data obtained indicate the importance of determining these indicators for heartworm disease, which complements the picture of clinical examination of animals and will allow more effective treatment of dogs in this invasion.","PeriodicalId":231752,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127952559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gross Anatomical Features of Tongue of Khaki Campbell Duck (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) At Different Postnatal Ages","authors":"P. Khatun, S. Das","doi":"10.32718/ujvas5-1.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/ujvas5-1.03","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aims to investigate the gross morphological structure of the tongue of the khaki Campbell duck at different postnatal ages. The ducks were from four age groups (A total of 25 ducks): day one (1), one (1) month, two (2) months, three (3) months, and four (4) months, having five ducks in each group. The tongues were collected immediately after the ethical killing of the birds for gross anatomical observations. The tongue of the Khaki Campbell duck was located on the floor of the oropharynx. In all examined ages, the tongue did not extend to the total limits of the lower beak. The elongated shaped tongue was divided into three parts, i.e., apex, body, and root. The spatula-shaped apex of the tongue was smooth dorsally and devoid of lingual papillae. On the ventral surface of the apex, there was a flat, triangular, white plate of the lingual nail. The dorsal surface of the body of the tongue was divided into two symmetrical parts by a median groove, which became more prominent at the advancement of age. Large and small conical papillae were found symmetrically along both body edges. The root of the tongue was the smallest part which was located adjacent to the laryngeal prominence. Papillae were found on both sides of the root. A fold of membrane, the frenulum linguae present on the ventral aspect of the body. The length and width of the tongue increased with the advancement of age. The present study revealed the gross anatomical structure of the tongue of the Khaki Campbell duck at different postnatal ages and helped to compare the findings with other avian species.","PeriodicalId":231752,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114473250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics and diagnosis of severe pneumocephalus of unknown etiology in dog","authors":"A. Studenok, V. A. Trokoz","doi":"10.32718/ujvas5-1.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/ujvas5-1.04","url":null,"abstract":"Modern veterinary medicine and its subdivision – veterinary neurology, are constantly evolving. New diagnostic methods are emerging every day, and the list of new, previously unexplored animal diseases is expanding. Much information about the pathogenesis and etiology of diseases is borrowed from human medicine, which is a big problem, because human physiology is different from animals and, as a consequence, the dynamics of the disease are also different. That is why the continuous improvement of veterinary therapy and diagnosis of diseases is relevant and necessary. One of the rare and severe pathologies is pneumocephalus. It is reported that this is a condition in which there is a gradual accumulation of air in the cranial cavity or ventricles of the brain, creating a life-threatening condition. It is considered that pneumocephalus can occur spontaneously but, in most cases, is diagnosed after trauma or surgery with impaired integrity of the skull bones and meninges. This article describes a case of pneumocephalus of unknown etiology in a young dog who suffered a head injury while playing with the owner. During the neurological examination of the animal conducted immediately after the incident was diagnosed with severe central nervous system lesions (sopor, opisthotonus, tetraparesis); magnetic resonance imaging revealed significant brain damage with pronounced ventricular dilatation and the formation of a cavity filled with air. Re-diagnosis after 14 days showed progression of pneumocephalus with gas accumulation in the brain cavities. The contents of the ventricles have a division into liquid (cerebrospinal fluid), and air, progressive inflammatory processes in the brain's parenchyma were not observed; a fistula or canal connecting the cranial cavity and the external environment was not detected. Symptomatic and supportive therapy, carried out during the entire period of the dog's stay in the veterinary clinic, did not have positive results. The animal was euthanized according to medical indications and the owner's wishes.","PeriodicalId":231752,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130689201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The results of fattening hybrid pigs of Danish selection","authors":"O. Chernenko, O. I. Chernenko, R. Mylostyvyi, O. Khmeleva, V. Y. Garashchenko, O. Bordunova, V. Dutka","doi":"10.32718/ujvas5-1.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/ujvas5-1.01","url":null,"abstract":"The results of a study of the breed combinations that influence pigs of Danish selection on fattening, meat, and economic indicators are presented. The experimental animals were divided into two groups according to their genotype. The method of groups-analogs was applied. The pigs were similar in terms of conditional heredity, sex, age, and body weight within each group. Five animals from each group were slaughtered at the meat processing plant to study the meat qualities. These studies arose due to the constant search for the most successful and cost-effective options for breed combinations that guarantee the effect of heterosis in hybrid offspring, which determined the scientific novelty and relevance. The dependence on breed combinations of fattening and meat qualities of young pigs obtained by simple two-breed and complex three-breed industrial crossbreeding of breeds of Danish selection has been established. At the final stage of fattening, a significant intergroup difference was established in terms of the average daily increase in body weight in favor of pigs of the breed combination F2 ¼Y ¼L ½D at 5.4% at P > 0.999 compared with analogs of the breed combination F1 ½Y ½L. Crossbreeds of the F2 generation turned out to be more early maturing and reached a body weight of 100 kg in 168.1 days, compared to 173.2 days in crossbreeds of the F1 generation with a difference of 5.1 days (P > 0.95) and a slaughter weight of 110 kg with a difference of 5.5 days (P > 0.95). They also spent less feed by 0.18 feed units per 1 kg of body weight gain, but the intergroup difference was insignificant. At slaughter, the weight of the steamed carcass in the crossbreeds of generation F2 ¼Y ¼L ½D was higher by 6.7 kg (P<0.95), and the slaughter yield was higher by 5.9 % (P > 0.999). It is concluded that the combination of Yorkshire breeds with Landraces and Durocs achieves a high economic effect on pork production since the level of profitability of pork production in three-breed hybrids is higher by 6.6%, respectively than in two-breed ones.","PeriodicalId":231752,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130520271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural biologically active additive in feeding calves","authors":"V. Radchikov, V. Tzai, A. Kot, T. Sapsaleva, G. Besarab, B. Gutyj, V. Karpovskyi, V. Trokoz","doi":"10.32718/ujvas4-3.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/ujvas4-3.05","url":null,"abstract":"Studies on the effectiveness of the inclusion of sodium humate in the diet of young cattle were conducted on four groups of animals. Installed improvement in the consumption of hay by the bulls of the experimental groups by 12.5–20 % compared with the control young was found, as a result of which they consumed more feed units by 1.5, 2.3, and 3.5 %, exchange energy – by 2.4, 3.9 and 5.1 %, digestible protein – by 1.2, 2.1 and 3.7 %. As a result of the inclusion of sodium humate in the diet as part of the KR-2 compound feed, the amount of hemoglobin in the blood of animals of the II experimental group increased by 5.8 %, in III – by 6.8, in IV – by 7.8 % compared to control analogs. With the growth of calves in the blood, the bactericidal activity of blood serum increased by 1.3, 1.9, and 2.5 %, lysozyme activity increased by 0.1 %, 0.2, 0.3 %, which indicates an increase in natural resistance in animals whose diets were injected with the studied peat and sapropel preparation. The use of sodium humate in the feed of bulls in the composition of compound feed KR-2 has a positive effect on the feed consumption, physiological condition, resistance of animals, which provides an increase in the average daily increase in live weight by 3.2–9.4 % while reducing the cost of its production by 2.9–8.5 percent.","PeriodicalId":231752,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114762333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of global warming on the productivity and quality of cow's milk","authors":"O. O. Borshch","doi":"10.32718/ujvas4-3.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/ujvas4-3.04","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this research was to analyze the dynamics of productivity, quality composition and energy value of cow's milk obtained during three periods (3 years each) in central Ukraine by various technological housing variants. Over the last 20 years, there has been a global trend towards of increasing in the average annual temperature, which is especially felt in winter and affects to the cattle body, their productivity and the energy value of milk. To more effectively overcome the consequences of changing weather conditions, various continentally-achieved spatial composition and types of facility for livestock housing are used, the impact of which is not sufficiently studied. We analyzed the main weather indicators for the last decade in the central part of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine (Kyiv region). The time period from 2011 to 2019 was conditionally divided into three periods (3 years each): I moderate, whose main weather indicators corresponded to the average long-term (30 years) values inherent in this natural and climatic zone; II (with a deviation of +0.6 °C from normal values) and III (with a deviation of +0.9 °C from normal values). During cubicle housing in low cost facilities was observed that productivity increased by 0.19 and 0.97 kg in II and III periods compared to I. During cubicle housing in facilities with insulation systems productivity gradually increased by 0.47 kg during II periods and by 0.92 kg during III periods. The most uniform productivity indicators were observed by housing on a deep litter among low cost facilities. Thus, productivity increased by 0.24 kg during II periods period, and in III period it increased by 0.47 kg compared to the I period. The dynamics of average daily productivity have a slightly more uniform by housing in capital facilities compared to low cost facilities. During tie housing productivity increased by 0.18 kg in II periods, and in III periods it increased by 0.32 kg. Productivity increased by 0.19 and 0.43 kg in reconstructed capital facilities during II and III periods.","PeriodicalId":231752,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117290718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histostructure of the gray matter of the spinal cord in cattle (Bos Taurus)","authors":"I. Sokulskyi, L. P. Goralskyi, N. Kolesnik, O. Dunaievska, N. Radzikhovsky","doi":"10.32718/ujvas4-3.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/ujvas4-3.02","url":null,"abstract":"The scientific article presents the results of investigating the spinal cord`s morphology of a domestic bull (Bos Taurus). Data on the histo- and cytostructure of the spinal cord are given according to the results of histological, neurohistological, and morphometric studies. For their implementation, the selected material (spinal cord n = 8) was subjected to fixation in 10–12 % neutral formalin solution, followed by pouring into paraffin. Histological sections were made from paraffin blocks on a sliding microtome MS-2 with a thickness of not more than ten μm. Staining of sections with hematoxylin and eosin, according to Van Gieson's methods, as well as neuro-histological methods of impregnation of nerve tissue with silver nitrate according to the Bilshovskym-Gross method, was used for the morphometric studies, investigating the morphology of the cell, conducting and obtaining the review histological preparations. The histostructure of the spinal cord, the localization of neurons in the gray matter, and morphometric studies of structural elements were examined on histological specimens by light microscopy. The entire experimental part of the research was conducted following the requirements of the international principles of the \"European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals for Experimental and Other Scientific Purposes\" (Strasbourg, 1986). The spinal cord, medulla spinalis, an organ of the central nervous system of vertebrates, is located in the spinal canal. The spinal cord is protected externally by soft, arachnoid, and hard meninges. The space between the membranes and the spinal canal is filled with cerebrospinal fluid. It is well known that groups of multipolar nerve cells with the same functional value form the nuclei of the gray matter of the spinal cord. According to the results of our histological studies, a pronounced differentiation of nerve cells, which have different shapes and sizes. Among them are large, medium, and small nerve cells. The shape of nerve cells is different, which, in turn, depends on their location in certain areas of the gray matter of the spinal cord and the size of the cell. In general, there are multifaceted, stellate, spindle-shaped, elongated, rounded, and oval neurons. Small nerve cells have an oval or round, less often – irregularly rounded shape, medium – round, oval, spindle-shaped. Large nerve cells are dominated by a multifaceted shape with distinct processes. The nuclei of large nerve cells, in most cases, have a rounded shape, less often – oval, mostly in the center of the cells, seldom – eccentrically. According to the results of morphological studies, it is noted that the neurons of the gray matter of the spinal cord have different shapes and sizes. Consequently, in the gray matter, small cells are the highest quantity (47.91 ± 0.32 %) of the total number of nerve cells. The second place is occupied by average neurons (33.70 ± 0.46 %). The large cells are detected in the smallest amou","PeriodicalId":231752,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128435360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial peptide MPX alleviates the lethal attack of Escherichia coli in mice","authors":"Xueqin Zhao","doi":"10.32718/ujvas4-3.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/ujvas4-3.03","url":null,"abstract":"Escherichia coli is an important zoonotic pathogen causing intestinal diseases. In recent years, due to the unreasonable use of antibiotics, the drug resistance of bacteria has been increasing, and the proportion of multi-drug resistant strains has also been rising, which directly threatens the health of animals and humans. The antimicrobial peptide MPX was isolated from wasp venom and had better antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Studies have found that MPX had better bactericidal activity against E. coli in vitro. However, whether MPX also has better bactericidal activity in mice is still unknown. This study found that E. coli infected mice lost appetite, diarrhea, and grouping together, while MPX treatment significantly alleviated these symptoms. The autopsy results found that the intestinal congestion, bleeding, thinning of the intestinal wall, yellow viscous fluid in the intestinal cavity, congestion of the lungs, necrosis in the liver, congestion, and bleeding of the spleen, and MPX treatment effectively relieved the above symptoms. The qRT-PCR results found that MPX could increase the mRNA expression of the antibacterial protein TFF3 in the jejunum and colon and reduce the expression of the antibacterial protein Remlβ and REG3γ in the jejunum and colon. H&E staining results further found that MPX could alleviate the pathological damage of mouse intestines and organs caused by E. coli infection. The above results show that MPX has good bactericidal activity against E. coli infection in mice, providing an essential reference for screening drugs for the clinical treatment of E. coli infection.","PeriodicalId":231752,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130307044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality control of cooked sausages","authors":"T. Velesyk, R. Sachuk, B. Gutyj, Z. O. Pasichnyk, O. Katsaraba, G. Sus, S. Zhyhalyuk","doi":"10.32718/ujvas4-3.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/ujvas4-3.07","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the increased interest in the quality and safety of cooked sausages, the situation in the field of food is becoming more complicated and more threatening every year. As a result of research, it should be noted that the consumer market of the Rivne region is saturated with products of good quality, which are made mainly by mini-shops or private enterprises. When inspecting sausages, it was found that the city's stores in 2020 sold more than 50 tons of high-quality products in a wide range. These include boiled sausages, hot dogs and sausages, semi-smoked, boiled-smoked, raw-smoked, beef, pork and chicken delicacies, pâtés, loaves of bread, ham, and skewers. Experimental studies have shown that their name and manufacturer influence the evaluation of cooked sausages. The highest score was given to the sausage “Molochna” and “Teliacha z vershkamy”, which has become an authentic brand. Buyers of our country should prefer it. According to organoleptic and physical studies, further Examination of five samples of cooked sausages from different manufacturers showed that the samples meet the requirements of DSTU 4436: 2005. Microbiological tests revealed that the samples of cooked sausages met the requirements of regulatory indicators. Sausage “Likarska”, Yalovycha “Liuks” and “Z vershkamy” on two physical indicators: the content of mass fraction of moisture and mass fraction of salt, did not meet the requirements of DSTU 4436: 2005, this product is a counterfeit.","PeriodicalId":231752,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116980888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}