Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation最新文献

{"title":"Design and evaluation of a pneumatic rehabilitation glove for low-resource settings.","authors":"Benedict Opoku-Antwi, Ebenezer Martey, Frank K A Nyarko","doi":"10.1080/10749357.2025.2606813","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10749357.2025.2606813","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Stroke is a major cause of disability globally, with particularly severe effects in low-resource countries like Ghana. Survivors often experience upper limb motor impairments that limit independence, while access to advanced rehabilitation technologies remains limited. This highlights the need for affordable and effective solutions to support recovery.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study develops a low-cost mechanical hand exoskeleton to assist rehabilitation using pneumatic and biomechanical design principles suitable for resource-limited environments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Pneumatic soft actuators made from 3D-printed TPU 95A bellows and PLA scaffolds were designed to generate finger flexion through controlled pressurization. A pneumatic box equipped with dual vacuum pumps, solenoid valves, silicone tubing, and an Arduino-based controller regulated airflow. Integrated flex sensors enabled real-time motion replication for bilateral training. Iterative prototyping and testing were performed to optimize performance and usability, and the final prototype was evaluated for functionality in hand rehabilitation tasks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The exoskeleton successfully assisted digit flexion and extension by mimicking movements of the healthy hand. It achieved a bend angle of 66.0° at 30 kPa in approximately 5 seconds, producing a flexion force of 3.82 N and a hyperextension force of 1.342 N at a 16.0° hyperextension angle. The glove weighed 207 g, and the pneumatic control box weighed 794 g.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This low-cost pneumatic exoskeleton offers a practical and accessible rehabilitation tool with strong potential to improve hand recovery outcomes for stroke patients in Ghana and similar settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":23164,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"679-693"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145865617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy versus nasogastric tube feeding in post-stroke dysphagia: a meta-analysis study.","authors":"Gamal Youssef, Rania M Abdou, Khaled Bamakhrama, Iman Ibrahim","doi":"10.1080/10749357.2026.2612915","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10749357.2026.2612915","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Post-stroke dysphagia affects half of survivors and leads to serious complications. Nasogastric tube (NGT) and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) are primary feeding methods, yet their comparative effectiveness remains controversial.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This meta-analysis compared PEG versus NGT feeding in post-stroke dysphagia regarding mortality, pneumonia, nutritional outcomes, and length of stay (LOS). Methods Following PRISMA guidelines, we searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and PubMed. Ten studies (N=1,416) were included. Pooled risk ratios (RR) and mean differences (MD) were calculated using random-effects models in R-4.2.1. Quality was assessed via the Downs and Black checklist.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to NGT, PEG showed a 30% reduction in mortality risk (RR 0.70; 95% CI 0.50-0.98; p = 0.039); however, this was not significant in sensitivity analysis restricted to RCTs. PEG also showed a 47% reduction in pneumonia risk (RR 0.53; 95% CI 0.42-0.67; p < 0.001). Nutrition favored PEG, with significantly higher serum albumin (MD +4.56 g/L; 95% CI 1.25-7.87; p = 0.007). No significant differences occurred in mid-arm circumference (p = 0.16) or LOS (p = 0.34). Heterogeneity was moderate for mortality (I² = 47.5%) and low for pneumonia (I² = 0%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PEG significantly reduces pneumonia risk and may improve nutritional outcomes compared to NGT. Mortality benefits were not confirmed in RCT-only analyses, suggesting possible confounding. Feeding decisions should balance benefits, procedural risks, and patient-specific factors, emphasizing shared decision-making. Further high-quality RCTs are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":23164,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"664-678"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145913151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction of a psychological intervention program for fear of recurrence in semi-disabled patients after stroke: a pilot study.","authors":"Lingyu Han, Zhaoquan An, Hongmei Shi, Yanling He, Yining Wang, Ruiling Li","doi":"10.1080/10749357.2026.2620026","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10749357.2026.2620026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Post-stroke semi-incapacitated patients often experience a strong fear of disease recurrence, which adversely affects their psychological well-being and rehabilitation outcomes.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a psychological intervention program aimed at reducing the fear of recurrence in post-stroke semi-incapacitated patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was conducted in accordance with the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines. Post-stroke semi-incapacitated patients were recruited and assigned to either an intervention group or a control group according to the order of hospital admission. The control group received conventional psychological care, while the intervention group underwent a comprehensive psychological intervention program that included psychological support, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), rehabilitation training, and social support. The psychological status of the patients was assessed using the Fear of Disease Progression Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Chinese version of the Perceived Stress Scale before and after the intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prior to the intervention, 83.5% of patients reported psychological fear of relapse, 75.5% experienced anxiety, 75.5% had depression, and 70.5% felt stressed. After the intervention, only 41.0% of patients in the intervention group had a psychological fear of relapse, 11.0% had anxiety, 2.0% had depression, and 5.0% perceived stress. The number of patients with psychological conditions was significantly lower in the intervention group compared to the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The integrated psychological intervention program, which combined psychological support, CBT, rehabilitation training, and social support, was effective in reducing the fear of recurrence in semi-disabled patients after stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":23164,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"641-650"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146030816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting activities of daily living at discharge in stroke patients using rehabilitation robot training-induced functional connectivity.","authors":"Ye Zhou, Xin Li, Wenhao Huang, Hui Xie, Yadan Zheng, Liujie Su, Honglin Xiang, Haimei Zhou, Wanling Jiang, Zulin Dou","doi":"10.1080/10749357.2026.2612712","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10749357.2026.2612712","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Predicting activities of daily living (ADL) in stroke patients optimizes discharge planning, which relies on accurate functional assessment. Recent studies have shown that functional connectivity (FC) of brain networks induced by upper extremity rehabilitation robotic training (UE-RAT) effectively reflects functional status, but its prognostic value for ADL remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Utilize functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to measure FC during UE-RAT and develop machine learning models to evaluate the predictive value of task-FC for ADL.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study recruited 86 patients with subacute stroke. Activation and FC features of key brain regions, such as the superior frontal cortex (SFC) and primary motor cortex (M1), were measured in the resting state and during UE-RAT using fNIRS. Concurrently, 38 clinical features were collected. With modified Barthel Index (mBI) ≥75 at discharge as the prediction target, machine learning algorithms such as artificial neural network (ANN) were used to construct resting-state fNIRS model, task-state fNIRS model, clinical model, and combined model, and analyze the importance of the predictor variables based on the Shapley additive interpretation (SHAP).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The combined model constructed by combining clinical and task-state fNIRS features had the best predictive performance (AUC_mean: 0.955, 95% CI: 0.948-0.962). Higher connectivity between the ipsilateral premotor cortex (iPMC) and primary motor cortex (iM1) during the task state, along with higher mBI scores and lower mRS scores, predict significant improvement in functional independence for patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>UE-RAT induced FC can be a valid biomarker for mBI prediction and can improve the accuracy of rehabilitation prediction.</p>","PeriodicalId":23164,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"618-629"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145913164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of sepsis on functioning and quality of life in patients affected by stroke.","authors":"Thaissa Pinto de Melo, Isis Eduarda Caetano Batista Fontenele, Priscila Elizabeth Rodrigues, Mariele Lenhari Gonçalves, Shamyr Sulyvan de Castro, Angelita Maria Stabile","doi":"10.1080/10749357.2026.2723403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10749357.2026.2723403","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sepsis is a frequent complication in acute stroke that increases hospital morbidity, yet its repercussions remain poorly understood. This study investigates the functioning and quality of life in ischemic stroke patients who developed sepsis versus those who did not.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 38 patients matched by sex, age, and admission score on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Functioning was evaluated by the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0. (WHODAS 2.0) and quality of life by the World Health Organization Quality of Life - BREF Disabilities (WHOQOL-BREF/DIS), both assessed via proxy three months post-stroke. Statistical analysis used non-parametric tests and multiple linear regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The stroke-sepsis group (<i>n</i> = 14) showed significantly longer hospital stays than the stroke-only group (<i>n</i> = 24) (median 23.64 vs. 8.04 days; <i>p</i> < 0.001) and higher Modified Rankin Score scores at discharge (4.29 vs. 3.46; <i>p</i> = 0.016), indicating greater disability. This group also exhibited worse Glasgow Coma Scale values (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and a higher risk of pressure injuries (OR: 3.22; <i>p</i> = 0.004). Pulmonary infection was the primary septic focus (92.8%). Importantly, no statistically significant differences were detected between the groups in mean WHODAS 2.0, WHOQOL-BREF, or WHOQOL-BREF-DIS scores. Conclusion: The presence of sepsis in ischemic stroke patients was not associated with worse functioning or quality of life three months post-event. However, sepsis was associated with a substantial increase in hospital length of stay as well as greater disability and dependence at hospital discharge, emphasizing its significant clinical and healthcare burden impact in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":23164,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148866957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eight Functional outcomes, two dimensions: a cross-sectional analysis of scale dependence in spatiotemporal gait determinants after subacute stroke.","authors":"Jeong-Soo Kim","doi":"10.1080/10749357.2026.2725692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10749357.2026.2725692","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Spatiotemporal gait parameters have been linked to clinical outcomes after stroke, but whether determinants differ between outcomes is untested in one cohort.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine how many dimensions eight routinely used outcomes represent, and whether between-outcome differences in determinants reflect construct or scale.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional study, 244 patients with subacute stroke (Functional Ambulation Category [FAC] ≥2). Fifteen walkway parameters were modeled, with one predictor pool, against Berg Balance Scale (BBS), gait velocity, Timed Up and Go (TUG), 10-meter (10MWT) and 2-minute (2MWT) walk tests, FAC, and Functional Independence Measure (FIM). Principal component analysis assessed dimensionality; partial-F tests and reciprocal transformation tested determinant exchangeability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The outcomes reduced to two components (90.6% of variance): walking capacity (78.0%), loaded by all walking measures and FAC, and one defined by FIM (12.6%); velocity and 10MWT shared 99.4%. Bilateral step length explained BBS, velocity and 2MWT; step-time asymmetry and cadence explained TUG and 10MWT (adjusted R² 0.83-0.92). The temporal block added variance only for time-denominated outcomes (ΔadjR² = 0.073, 0.077), and reciprocal transformation reversed every profile. Cadence predicted FAC (OR = 1.027, 1.002-1.054, <i>p</i> = 0.037); FIM was unexplained (0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These outcomes represent two dimensions, and which parameters appear dominant depends on whether an outcome is expressed as a time or a rate, so outcome-specific models are not evidence for outcome-specific training targets. The implication is one of measurement: one primary walking outcome suffices, and independence must be assessed separately.</p>","PeriodicalId":23164,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148866943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects and perception of intensive exergaming training on upper limb functions after stroke: mixed method study.","authors":"Iqra Khalid, Misbah Ghous, Qamar Mehmood, Arshad Nawaz Malik, Saira Jahn","doi":"10.1080/10749357.2026.2723406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10749357.2026.2723406","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the effects and perception of intensive exergaming training on upper limb motor functions in subacute stroke patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This one-year interventional mixed-methods study was conducted at Pakistan Railway General Hospital, Rawalpindi, using a sequential quantitative-qualitative design. In the quantitative phase, 42 participants were recruited and randomly allocated to two groups - experimental (<i>n</i> = 21) and control (<i>n</i> = 21). The experimental group received Xbox 360 Kinect-based exergaming, in conjunction with task-oriented training five sessions per week for 6 weeks. For the qualitative study, 15 patients from the experimental group were included. Primary outcome measures for upper-limb function were the Fugl-Meyer Assessment upper limb (FMUE) and the Chedoke Arm and Hand Inventory-13. Secondary outcome measures included the Subjective Index of Physical and Social Outcome (SIPSO), the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The treatment duration for both groups spanned 6 weeks, with 1-hour sessions (30 minutes for exergaming and 30 minutes for task-oriented training) 5 times a week.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After intervention experimental group had better results in all analyzed variables (shoulder, elbow, and forearm; wrist and hand) than the control group for FMUE (<i>p</i> < .01), Chedoke Arm & hand inventory (<i>p</i> < .01), FSS (<i>p</i> < .01), SIPSO (<i>p</i> < .01), and VAS (<i>p</i> < .01), suggesting that exergaming training combined with task-oriented training is more effective than task-oriented training alone. Patients' perception regarding gaming showed overall satisfactory improvement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combination of exergaming and task-oriented training was effective for stroke patients. The participants' experiences were satisfactory, fun, and challenging, as they included visual and auditory feedback.Clinical Trial number: NCT05315089.</p>","PeriodicalId":23164,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148860310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A domain-specific approach to characterizing balance confidence post-stroke.","authors":"Grace K Kellaher, Ryan T Pohlig, Darcy S Reisman, Jeremy R Crenshaw","doi":"10.1080/10749357.2026.2725695","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10749357.2026.2725695","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this study was to demonstrate that the construct of balance confidence, as measured by the Activities-Specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale, consists of three factors in those with chronic stroke.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This study was a cross-sectional analysis of preexisting data from a research registry.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Academic institution.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>248 community-dwelling adults with a history of one or more strokes, verified by CT/MRI report or past provider.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measure(s): </strong>We proposed that the ABC-scale items comprise three balance confidence domains: 1) anticipatory control, 2) walking balance, and 3) reactive balance. We assigned ABC Q1,2,8,10-12 to walking balance, Q3-7,9 to anticipatory control, and Q13-16 to reactive balance. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed to test this hypothesized structure, with outcomes including the Goodness-of-Fit indices (Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA), Comparative Fit Index (CFI), and Tucker-Lewis Fit Index (TLI)).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All indicators significantly loaded as hypothesized.</p><p><strong>Conclusion(s): </strong>These results suggest that the items in the ABC scale represent three domains of anticipatory control, walking balance, and reactive balance.</p>","PeriodicalId":23164,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13561153/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148860315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of high-intensity laser therapy and extracorporeal shock wave therapy for the treatment of plantar flexor spasticity in post-stroke patients.","authors":"Kaan Uslu, Sami Küçükşen","doi":"10.1080/10749357.2026.2723412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10749357.2026.2723412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Post-stroke plantar flexor spasticity impairs gait and functional mobility. Noninvasive modalities such as radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy (rESWT) and high-intensity laser therapy (HILT) have been proposed as adjunctive treatments; however, comparative evidence is limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to compare the effects of rESWT and HILT, applied to ankle plantar flexor muscles, on spasticity and functional gait parameters in stroke patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective, randomized, controlled, parallel-group clinical trial included 42 stroke patients with ankle plantar flexor spasticity graded 1+ to 3 according to the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS). Patients were randomly assigned to three groups: rehabilitation alone, rESWT plus rehabilitation, and HILT plus rehabilitation.All groups received a standardized rehabilitation program for 1 hour per day, 5 days per week, for 3 weeks. The rESWT group received three sessions of rESWT once weekly for three consecutive weeks (5 Hz, 0.340 mJ/mm², 2000 pulses,15-mm applicator) applied to the gastrocnemius muscle. The HILT group received laser therapy in biostimulatory mode (5 W, 50 J/cm²) for 4 minutes per session, three times weekly for 3 weeks.Patients were evaluated using the MAS, passive ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (ROM), Fugl-Meyer Assessment for the Lower Extremity (FM-LE), Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, 10-Meter Walk Test (10-MWT), and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) at baseline, immediately after treatment (week 3), and at 3-month follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MAS scores improved significantly at 3 weeks and 3 months in the rESWT (<i>p</i> = 0.001) and HILT groups (<i>p</i> = 0.028), but not in the rehabilitation group (<i>p</i> = 0.210). Ankle ROM improved only in the HILT group (<i>p</i> = 0.004). FM-LE, 10-MWT, and BBS improved significantly in all groups (<i>p</i> < 0.05). TUG improved in the rehabilitation and HILT groups (<i>p</i> < 0.001), with a smaller effect in the rESWT group (<i>p</i> = 0.02). No significant between-group differences were observed for any outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>rESWT and HILT, when combined with rehabilitation, may reduce plantar flexor spasticity after stroke; however, neither intervention demonstrated superiority over rehabilitation alone in functional outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23164,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148819513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of non-invasive electroencephalogram-based brain-computer interfaces in post-stroke hand function rehabilitation.","authors":"Wangning Peng, Yang Yang, Juehan Wang, Xiaoxu Ren, Daming Wang","doi":"10.1080/10749357.2026.2723408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10749357.2026.2723408","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Post-stroke hand dysfunction severely limits patients' independence, and conventional rehabilitation often fails those without active movement. Noninvasive EEG-based brain-computer interface (BCI) technology addresses this by creating a closed-loop feedback system rooted in Hebbian learning principles. This system decodes rhythmic signals from the sensorimotor cortex during imagined hand movements in real-time. The decoded intention is then translated into commands to drive exoskeletons, functional electrical stimulation (FES), or virtual reality (VR) devices, thereby moving the affected limb. This process strengthens or remodels damaged neural pathways, promoting motor recovery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This article systematically outlines the neurophysiological basis of EEG-BCI and three major rehabilitation paradigms: motor imagery with physical feedback, motor imagery with virtual/multisensory feedback, and the steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP)-driven paradigm.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Studies confirm these approaches can improve upper limb function, showing significant potential. However, widespread clinical use faces challenges like low signal-to-noise ratios, significant individual variability, and \"BCI blindness.\"</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Future work should focus on improving decoding algorithms, developing more user-friendly devices, deepening mechanistic understanding, and establishing standardized clinical assessments. This review aims to offer valuable guidance for subsequent research.</p>","PeriodicalId":23164,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148814217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}