Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation最新文献

{"title":"Dynamic evaluation of claw toe using three-dimensional motion analysis.","authors":"Keita Aimoto, Daiki Shimotori, Jun Matsumura, Hirotaka Katayama, Kenichi Ozaki, Hitoshi Kagaya","doi":"10.1080/10749357.2026.2669755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10749357.2026.2669755","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Claw toe is a common spastic deformity of the lower limbs, but no objective analysis has been reported to date.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To establish a three-dimensional motion analysis method for toe movement in healthy individuals and in a patient with claw toe.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty healthy individuals and one patient with claw toe were included in this cross-sectional study. Infrared reflective markers were attached to II toe of each participant. In the standing position and using a handrail, participants performed four elevations of the lower limb. The proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint and metacarpophalangeal (MTP) joint angles were measured during the elevations using five cameras. The patient with hemiplegia underwent botulinum toxin therapy three times, with joint angles assessed before and at 1 month after each injection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No marker detachment occurred due to contact or other external factors, and all assessments were completed successfully. In healthy individuals, PIP and MTP joint angles showed no change during repeated lower limb elevations. In contrast, the patient with claw toe showed increased flexion at the PIP and MTP joints, with progressive PIP joint flexion with increasing number of repetitions, but the MTP joint angle was unchanged.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Three-dimensional motion analysis enabled evaluation of toe motion and distinguished joint behavior between healthy individuals and a patient with claw toe, before and after botulinum toxin therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23164,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caring beyond recovery: a phenomenological study of nursing roles and working conditions in stroke rehabilitation.","authors":"Nilgün Aras, Nurcan Çalışkan, Eda Gürçay, Emre Adıgüzel","doi":"10.1080/10749357.2026.2669756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10749357.2026.2669756","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Stroke rehabilitation requires a multidisciplinary approach, in which nurses contribute to the continuity and coordination of care. While their role is integral within the rehabilitation team, the experiential and contextual dimensions of nursing practice in stroke rehabilitation remain insufficiently explored.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of nurses in stroke rehabilitation and to identify factors influencing their roles and working conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative study with a phenomenological orientation was conducted in two rehabilitation hospitals. Data were collected through face-to-face semi-structured interviews with 14 nurses. Data collection continued until sufficient depth and richness of the data were achieved. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis supported by MAXQDA Analytics Pro 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three main themes were identified: (1) the integrative role, (2) everyday challenges, and (3) working conditions. Nursing practice was experienced as requiring continuous vigilance, emotional regulation, and ongoing negotiation between patient needs, safety, and organizational constraints.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study reconceptualizes nursing roles in stroke rehabilitation as integrative practices rather than task-based functions. The findings highlight the need for organizational strategies that better support nurses in managing complex clinical and emotional demands, which may enhance nurses' well-being and improve the quality of rehabilitation care.</p>","PeriodicalId":23164,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amantadine use during acute hospitalization for neurological recovery after stroke: a systematic review.","authors":"Andrea Loggini, Faddi G Saleh Velez, Jonatan Hornik, Shawn S Wallery, Alejandro Hornik, Awni D Shahait","doi":"10.1080/10749357.2026.2670716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10749357.2026.2670716","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Disorders of consciousness and impaired neurological recovery are common during acute hospitalization for stroke, yet evidence-based pharmacologic strategies to enhance neurorecovery remain limited. Amantadine is frequently used off-label in this setting based on data from traumatic brain injury; however, evidence supporting its use in stroke is unclear.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To systematically review the available literature evaluating the use of amantadine during acute hospitalization in adult patients with stroke.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines and registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251273897). PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL were searched for studies that included adults with stroke who received amantadine during acute hospitalization compared to standard care without amantadine, placebo, or within-cohort comparisons among amantadine-treated patients. Outcomes of interest included recovery of consciousness, neurological and functional outcomes, in-hospital mortality, and adverse events. Due to heterogeneity in study design, patient populations, and outcome measures, a quantitative meta-analysis was not performed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Seven studies involving a total of 929 patients were included, the majority with stroke, although one mixed non-traumatic brain injury cohort also included patients with status epilepticus (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 29) and bacterial meningitis (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 11). Amantadine was initiated during acute hospitalization, mostly in the intensive care unit, at doses of 100-200 mg twice daily. Across observational cohorts, 50-65% of patients responded to amantadine, defined as improvement in arousal or recovery of consciousness, with higher response rates observed in smaller cohorts. Amantadine exposure was also associated with earlier improvement in consciousness compared with no treatment. However, no consistent long-term functional effect or reduction in mortality was reported. Amantadine was generally well tolerated; reported adverse events included seizures (5-13%), agitation (6-14%), QTc prolongation (up to 8%), and sleep disruption (16%). No consistent safety signal attributable to amantadine was identified, although comparative safety data were limited. Risk of bias ranged from low to moderate across the included studies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;The evidence supporting amantadine use during acute hospitalization for stroke is limited and heterogeneous. While amantadine is commonly used to promote arousal in patients with impaired consciousness after stroke, available data do not allow firm conclusions regarding efficacy for functional recovery or mortality, and safety conclusions remain limited by inconsistent adverse-event reporting. Prospective, stroke-specific studies conducted in the acute hospital setting are needed to clarify the efficacy, optimal timing, and safety of amantad","PeriodicalId":23164,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of whole-body vibration exercise on lower limb spasticity for stroke survivors: a single-blind randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Yulin Dong, Ruirui Xing, Jiajia Yao, Yinhu Hu, Yan Qi, Wenxin Niu","doi":"10.1080/10749357.2026.2664222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10749357.2026.2664222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Spasticity is a common condition among stroke survivors, and previous studies have explored the effects of whole-body vibration therapy for its benefits. However, the findings regarding lower limb spasticity remain inconsistent. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of eight-week whole-body vibration exercise on lower limb spasticity for stroke survivors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a single-blind randomized controlled trial. The 40 participants were eligible to participate the study and were allocated randomly to either an intervention group or control group. The intervention group implemented as 40 min of conventional therapy sessions and whole-body vibration training daily, five times a week for eight weeks; the control group implemented the same movements on a vibration platform without vibration with daily habitual living styles. The measurements were assessed at baseline, week four, and week eight. Primary outcomes were measured using the Modified Ashworth Scale and surface electromyography to measure spasticity. The Fugl-Meyer assessment was measured as a secondary outcome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the intervention group, spasticity of the triceps surae decreased by a mean of 0.45 points on the Modified Ashworth Scale from baseline to mid-intervention, and the same mean reduction was maintained at post-intervention. However, the statistical between-group differences were not observed at either mid-intervention or post-intervention. No significant between-group or within-group differences were observed in surface electromyography outcomes or Fugl-Meyer Assessment scores in either the intervention or control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Whole-body vibration therapy may contribute to improvements in lower-limb spasticity in stroke survivors and demonstrates some moderate effect sizes. These findings suggest that whole-body vibration may have potential benefits as a long-term adjunct therapy in stroke rehabilitation.Trial registrationThe registration number is ChiCTR1900026439.</p>","PeriodicalId":23164,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147821133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for post-stroke shoulder pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Jiayang Qu, Hui Zhou, Qiaoqiao Wang, Jinkuo Pang, Suqin Zheng, Sijia Zhao, Jiangsu Zhang, Honghao Wei, Tianxiao Yang, Guohao Lin, Xuekang Niu","doi":"10.1080/10749357.2025.2571564","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10749357.2025.2571564","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Post-stroke shoulder pain (PSSP) is a common complication of stroke survivors, substantially impeding upper-limb functional recovery and diminishing quality of life. Conventional treatments usually target peripheral symptoms and only yield limited or transient benefits. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has shown analgesic potential in various neuropathic pain conditions, yet its efficacy in PSSP lacks systematic evaluation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eight databases were systematically searched to identify randomized controlled trials evaluating rTMS interventions for PSSP. The primary outcome was pain intensity measured by the visual analog scale or numeric rating scale. Secondary outcomes included Fugl-Meyer Assessment, Modified Barthel Index, and shoulder range of motion. Risk assessment and data analysis were performed using Review Manager 5.4.1, with heterogeneity quantified by the I² statistic and subgroup analyses conducted to explore its potential sources.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>12 RCTs involving over 500 participants met the inclusion criteria. Results revealed that rTMS significantly reduced pain intensity compared to control (WMD: -1.62; 95% CI: -2.00, -1.24; <i>p</i> < 0.00001). Additionally, rTMS significantly improved the FMA, MBI scores and shoulder ROM.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>rTMS appears to be a promising intervention for reducing PSSP and enhancing upper-limb motor function. These findings support incorporating rTMS into stroke rehabilitation protocols. In the future, high-quality, multi-center RCTs with extended follow-up are warranted to optimize stimulation parameters and validate long-term benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":23164,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"391-405"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145252758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative effects of dynamic and static stretching on spasticity reduction in stroke patients using a robotic hand-wrist stretching device.","authors":"Shih-Chen Fan, Hsiao-Ping Chiu","doi":"10.1080/10749357.2025.2566134","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10749357.2025.2566134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Spasticity is a common consequence of upper motor neuron syndrome, affecting approximately 42.6% of stroke patients and impairing quality of life. Although stretching is widely used, the optimal type and parameters remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigates the immediate effects of dynamic and static stretching on spasticity reduction and motor function improvement in stroke patients using a robotic hand-wrist stretching device (RHWSD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was a randomized crossover trial with double-blind design. Thirty-one stroke patients with wrist flexor spasticity were randomly assigned to three RHWSD stretching protocols: 30° dynamic stretching (30° DS), 60° static stretching (60° SS), and 60° dynamic stretching (60° DS). Each protocol involved a 3-minute session with 20-minute rest intervals. Wrist flexor spasticity was assessed with the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS). Active range of motion (AROM) and passive range of motion (PROM) of wrist extension and finger metacarpophalangeal (MP) extension, were measured at baseline and after each session.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant reductions in MAS scores were observed with both dynamic stretching protocols (30° DS: 2.45 ± 0.72; 60° DS: 2.48 ± 0.63) compared to static stretching (60° SS: 2.94 ± 0.51; <i>p</i> < .000). Both dynamic protocols yielded significantly greater gains in AROM and PROM for wrist and finger MP extension than static stretching (all <i>p</i> < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Dynamic stretching is more effective at reducing spasticity in stroke patients. A stretching angle of 80% of the normal range (60°) is sufficient to achieve significant improvements in ROM. The RHWSD was effective in providing consistent stretching.</p>","PeriodicalId":23164,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"428-439"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145138944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of tDCS plus virtual reality in enhancing cognitive function in patients with chronic stroke: a quasi-randomized clinical trial.","authors":"R De Luca, A Gangemi, R A Fabio, M G Maggio, M Bonanno, C Rifici, D Di Ciuccio, F Corallo, C Mento, M R A Muscatello, A Quartarone, R S Calabro'","doi":"10.1080/10749357.2025.2563227","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10749357.2025.2563227","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alone or combined with other advanced rehabilitative treatments , non-invasive transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a promising tool to augment neuroplasticity as well as improve cognitive function post stroke.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the psychological and neurophysiological effects of tDCS application combined with cognitive virtual reality training (VRT) in patients with chronic ischemic stroke.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Twenty subjects were enrolled in this quasi-randomized pilot study and assigned to the experimental (EG) or control groups (CG). The EG received VRT combined with tDCS, while the CG received the VRT with sham-tDCS, five times a week for 4 weeks. Each patient was evaluated using a psychometric battery, including Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Hamilton Rating Scale (HRS-D), and Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), at the beginning (T0) and the end (T1) of the study. Additionally, a neurophysiology technician measured the brain electrical activity through event-related potential P300.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant improvement in MMSE scores from T0 to T1 was observed in the EG. A significant improvement in FAB scores was observed over time (i.e. at the intragroup analysis), with greater gains in the group receiving active tDCS. On the contrary, both groups showed a significant reduction in depressive symptoms scores over time. A key finding of the study was the enhancement of cognitive processing speed, as indicated by reduced P300 latency, in the EG.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study suggests that tDCS may potentiate the effects of VR by promoting neuroplasticity and improving the efficiency of cognitive networks, ultimately contributing to better recovery outcomes in patients with stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":23164,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"351-363"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Who's in the driver seat?: raising the voices of younger women stroke survivors.","authors":"April Vander Veen, Jeffrey Holmes, Patricia Tucker, Liliana Alvarez","doi":"10.1080/10749357.2025.2571570","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10749357.2025.2571570","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Driving restriction has far reaching negative impacts for people who have experienced a stroke. However, current understandings of driving restriction and community mobility after stroke are informed by experiences and perspectives of older men. Younger women (aged 55 years and younger) are facing increased risks for stroke and have unique needs related to life stage and socio-cultural gender roles. Despite these unique risks and needs, women are underrepresented in stroke and driving research, and health organizations are calling for more representation of women in cardiovascular research.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To understand the experiences and perspectives of younger women related to driving restriction and their subsequent participation in valued activities and roles after a stroke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a qualitative descriptive interview study with eight younger women (aged 55 years and younger) who had experienced a stroke. We used reflexive thematic analysis to identify themes in the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Driving restriction after stroke among younger women is a significant disruption as driving is instrumental in enabling participation in valued activities, social interaction, and supportive roles. Women experienced significant psychological pain from driving restriction, compounded by the sudden and unexpected onset at their age. The women sought out social support, advocated for driver policy changes, and enacted agency to navigate driving restriction through the pursuit of self-determination and adaptation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Women have unique needs related to driving after stroke. More research is needed to develop richer understandings of this underrepresented group in stroke and driving research.</p>","PeriodicalId":23164,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"459-471"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145245367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiopulmonary exercise testing: does measured peak O₂ reflect a valid peak O₂ in patients with hemiparetic stroke?","authors":"Yi-Jun Lin, Tieh-Cheng Fu, Cheng-Xun Liao, Chang-Hung Kuo, Shu-Chun Huang","doi":"10.1080/10749357.2025.2571565","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10749357.2025.2571565","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The relationships between cardiopulmonary exercise testing(CPET) variables at submaximal and peak efforts across severities of mobility and hemiparesis in patients with stroke are crucial for interpretation but unexplored.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We hypothesized that patients with more severe neurological deficits are likely to exhibit a lower peak respiratory exchange ratio(pRER). Moreover, individuals with lower pRER experience greater limitations at peak performance compared to those with higher pRER, while their submaximal performance remains relatively unaffected.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study involved 153 patients with hemiparetic stroke who underwent CPET between 2012 and 2023. Participants with pRER ≤1.05(<i>n</i> = 26), between 1.05-1.15(<i>n</i> = 48), and ≥1.15(<i>n</i> = 79) were selected for further analysis. Five established norms were used to evaluate peak <math><mrow><mover><mi>V</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover></mrow></math>O₂, ventilatory anaerobic threshold(VAT), and the lowest value of ventilatory equivalents for carbon dioxide(<math><mrow><mover><mi>V</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover></mrow></math>_E/<math><mrow><mover><mi>V</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover></mrow></math>CO₂ nadir).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Consistent with our hypothesis, patients with lower pRER showed decreased manual muscle strength on the paretic side and lower scores for transfers, mobility on level surfaces, and stair climbing. However, the ratio of VAT to peak <math><mrow><mover><mi>V</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover></mrow></math>O₂ remained consistent across different pRER values. Significant linear correlations were observed between the ratio of measured-to-predicted values of peak <math><mrow><mover><mi>V</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover></mrow></math>O₂ versus VAT, and peak <math><mrow><mover><mi>V</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover></mrow></math>O₂ versus <math><mrow><mover><mi>V</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover></mrow></math>_E/<math><mrow><mover><mi>V</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover></mrow></math>CO₂ nadir in all pRER groups(≥ 1.15, 1.05-1.15, and ≤1.05) utilizing different norms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>More severe hemiparesis and mobility impairments are associated with a lower pRER during CPET using cycle ergometry. Nevertheless, the measured peak <math><mrow><mover><mi>V</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover></mrow></math>O₂ still seems to represent a valid peak <math><mrow><mover><mi>V</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover></mrow></math>O₂. These findings aid in interpreting CPET results in patients with hemiparetic stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":23164,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"440-449"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145313979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-invasive brain stimulation to improve visual perception after stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Luis Leal-Vega, Adrián Martín-Gutiérrez, Antonio Dueñas-Laita, Marta Ruiz-Mambrilla, León Morales-Quezada, David García-Azorín, María Begoña Coco-Martín, Juan Francisco Arenillas-Lara","doi":"10.1080/10749357.2025.2572470","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10749357.2025.2572470","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the efficacy of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) in improving visual perception in stroke patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and the Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials (CENTRAL) were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy of NIBS in improving visual perception in stroke patients up to 5 September 2025. Meta-analyses, forest and funnel plots and risk of bias assessment were performed using RevMan Web, and the certainty of evidence was assessed using GRADEpro GDT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 7 RCTs met the eligibility criteria, of which 6 had data available for meta-analysis. Random effects meta-analyses showed that NIBS versus sham stimulation had a large effect size on visual perception in stroke patients as determined by the Motor-free Visual Perception Test (MVPT) (4 RCTs, <i>n</i> = 124, 82 men, 42 women; SMD [95% CI]: 0.83 [0.48 - 1.19]; I²: 0%); and that NIBS combined with other therapies versus other therapies alone had a large effect size on visual perception in stroke patients as determined by the MVPT (2 RCTs, <i>n</i> = 32, 14 men, 18 women; SMD [95% CI]: 1.20 [-0.42 - 2.82]; I²: 70%). There was no publication bias.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is low-certainty evidence in favor of NIBS versus sham stimulation and very low-certainty evidence in favor of NIBS combined with other therapies versus other therapies alone for improving visual perception in stroke patients.</p><p><strong>Prospero registration number: </strong>CRD42024594263.</p>","PeriodicalId":23164,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"379-390"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145259227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}