Topics in companion animal medicine最新文献

{"title":"Corrigendum to Propofol at Single Bolus and Continuous Rate Infusion Significantly Increases Serum Triglycerides, but not Cholesterol, In Healthy Bitches Undergoing Elective Ovariohysterectomy. Topics in Companion Animal Medicine, 45 (2021), 100560","authors":"M.A. Chagas , L.P. Custodio , B.S. Gusmão , I.M. Costa , G.H. Julião , S.L.S. Bordolini , L.R. Costa , M.R.M. Bosculo , T.F. Moreira , B.F.M. Almeida , N.P. Reis Filho , F.G. Romão , C.J.X. Abimussi , B.P. Floriano","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100760","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100760","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9960877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Conscious Minimally Invasive Approach to the Removal of a Trichofolliculoma in an American Guinea Pig: A Case Study","authors":"Rachael Loek ,&nbsp;David Gardiner ,&nbsp;Carine Laporte","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100771","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100771","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Trichofolliculomas are the most common nonmalignant cutaneous tumors in guinea pigs. While the treatment of choice is surgical excision, complications may occur with general anesthesia and postoperative healing and discomfort after large tissue resection. We describe a case of a trichofolliculoma treated with a conscious, minimally invasive surgical procedure utilizing injectable lidocaine as local anesthetic, with no complications and excellent cosmetic results.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9965612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-Grade Mammary Gland Tumors in Dogs Have Greater VEGF-A and BMP2 Immunostaining and Higher CD31 Blood Vessel Density","authors":"Pablo I.R. Franco ,&nbsp;Jonathas X. Pereira ,&nbsp;Hugo H. Ferreira ,&nbsp;Liliana B. de Menezes ,&nbsp;Marina P. Miguel","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100778","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100778","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tumor angiogenesis is an important process in tumor growth, and different molecules are involved in its regulation including VEGF-A, BMP2, and CD31, which can be considered possible prognostic markers. The aim of this study was to verify whether the VEGF-A and BMP2 immunostaining area, and microvascular density (MVD) might be associated with the degree of malignancy in malignant mammary neoplasms of dogs. For this purpose, samples of mammary malignancies from female dogs embedded in wax were used and separated into 4 main histomorphological types: tubulopapillary carcinomas, solid, complex, and carcinosarcoma, which were separated based on high and low degrees of malignancy. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed on tissue microarray blocks using anti-CD31 antibodies for evaluation of MVD and vascular lumen area, and with anti-VEGF-A and anti-BMP2 to determine the immunostaining area using the DAKO EnVision FLEX+ kit. MVD and vascular lumen area were higher in tubulopapillary carcinomas as were the areas stained by VEGF-A and BMP2. Immunostaining for CD31 was higher in low-grade carcinomas as well as in areas immunostained by VEGF-A and BMP2. There was a positive correlation between VEGF and BMP2 in high (<em>r</em> = 0.556, <em>P</em> &lt; .0001) and low-grade (<em>r</em> = 0.287, <em>P</em> &lt; .0001) carcinomas and between MVD and VEGF-A in low-grade carcinomas (<em>r</em> = 0.267, <em>P</em> = .0064). Thus, the markers evaluated showed greater immunostaining in canine mammary tumors with a lower degree of malignancy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9585256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavioral and Physiologic Effects of a Single Dose of Oral Gabapentin in Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)","authors":"Rachel E. Conway ,&nbsp;Mollie Burton ,&nbsp;Khursheed Mama ,&nbsp;Sangeeta Rao ,&nbsp;Lon V. Kendall ,&nbsp;Marion Desmarchelier ,&nbsp;Miranda J. Sadar","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100779","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100779","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Stress in rabbits (<em>Oryctolagus cuniculus</em>) may influence veterinarians’ ability to assess their health and can lead to complications such as gastrointestinal hypomotility and poor anesthetic outcomes. Gabapentin has been used as an anxiolytic in various species, but little information is available on its use in rabbits. To assess the effect of gabapentin on stress in rabbits, 5 female and 3 male New Zealand white rabbits, aged 8-12 months, weighing 3-4.5 kg, were administered a single dose (25 mg/kg) of oral compounded gabapentin. Effects on individual behaviors and selected physiologic parameters were assessed by a blinded observer using a human intruder test and tractability score (summed total 0-8, most to least tractable). Heart and respiratory rate, rectal temperature, body weight, and fecal output were also recorded. Baseline measurements for each rabbit were assessed immediately prior to gabapentin administration, and at 1, 2, and 4 hours post-administration. With this method rabbits acted as their own concurrent control group. Rabbits were assessed at 7 AM, 11 AM, and 3 PM. Data were analyzed as continuous, binary, and continuous nonparametric (<em>P</em> ≤ .05). No significant differences in physiologic parameters were observed between baseline and the post-administration timepoints. Fecal output was reduced similar to baseline measurements. Behaviors <em>pressing down</em> decreased (at 2 and 4 hours; <em>P = .</em>05 and <em>P = .</em>013, respectively) and <em>approaching human</em> increased (at 2 hours; <em>P = .</em>022) post-gabapentin compared to baseline. Tractability scores were improved at the 2-hour timepoint compared to baseline (Friedman <em>P = .</em>0461; Wilcoxon <em>P = .</em>0413). These results suggest gabapentin 25 mg/kg orally decreased reactivity with a peak effect at 2 hours, without significant effects on measured physiologic parameters. Oral gabapentin in rabbits should be considered to reduce stress in the presence of humans and to facilitate handling.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9636729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Survival of Subdermal Plexus Skin Flaps in 8 Cats After Injection of Platelet Rich Plasma","authors":"Vasileia Angelou ,&nbsp;Dimitra Psalla ,&nbsp;George Kazakos ,&nbsp;Christina Marouda ,&nbsp;Kyriakos Chatzimisios ,&nbsp;Zacharenia Kyrana ,&nbsp;Maria Karayannopoulou ,&nbsp;Lysimachos Papazoglou","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100770","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100770","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of platelet-rich plasma injection on the survival of experimentally developed subdermal plexus skin flaps in cats. Two flaps, 2 cm wide and 6 cm long were created bilaterally in the dorsal midline in 8 cats. Each flap was randomized to 1 of 2 groups: platelet-rich plasma injection and control. After flap development, the flaps were immediately placed back on the recipient bed. Then 1.8 mL of platelet-rich plasma was equally injected into 6 different parts of the treatment flap. All flaps were evaluated macroscopically daily and on days 0, 7, 14, and 25 by planimetry, Laser Doppler flowmetry, and histology. Mean flap survival on day 14 was 80.437 % (±22.745) for the treatment group and 66.516 % (±24,12) for the control group with no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (<em>P</em> = .158). Histologically, a significant difference was found between the base of the PRP and the control flap in edema score on day 25 (<em>P</em> = .034). In conclusion, there is no evidence to support the use of platelet-rich plasma in subdermal plexus flaps in cats. However, the use of platelet-rich plasma may aid in reducing edema of subdermal plexus flaps.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9591494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multilobular Osteochondrosarcoma of the Vertical Ramus of the Mandible in a Cat","authors":"Bertrand Vedrine","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100776","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100776","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A 7-year-old castrated male domestic shorthair cat presented with locked jaw syndrome and firm swelling in the right temporal region of the skull. A computed tomography (CT) scan showed a heavily calcified mass of the right coronoid process of the mandible with a popcorn appearance, consistent with a multilobular osteochondrosarcoma. The zygomatic arch was displaced laterally and ventrally due to the mass effect. The temporomandibular joint was not involved. Surgical treatment was performed and consisted of the removal of the zygomatic arch and the vertical ramus of the mandible. It was possible to open the mouth normally immediately after surgery. Recovery was uneventful. Histological examination of the mass confirmed multilobular osteochondrosarcoma. This type of tumor is rarely encountered in dogs, and a literature search reveals only 2 cases in cats: 1 arising from the skull and 1 from thoracic wall. This case report documents the first description of a multilobular osteochondrosarcoma of the mandible in a cat.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9593474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Cold Atmospheric Plasma in the Treatment of Squamous Cell Carcinoma: in vitro Effects and Clinical Application in Feline Tumors: A Pilot Study","authors":"André G.A. Holanda ,&nbsp;Bruna C. Cesário ,&nbsp;Victória M. Silva ,&nbsp;Luiz E.C. Francelino ,&nbsp;Bruno H.M. Nascimento ,&nbsp;Kássia F.A. Damasceno ,&nbsp;Uta Ishikawa ,&nbsp;Naisandra B.S. Farias ,&nbsp;Raimundo F.A. Junior ,&nbsp;Carlos A.G. Barboza ,&nbsp;Clodomiro A. Junior ,&nbsp;João M.A.P. Antunes ,&nbsp;Carlos E.B. Moura ,&nbsp;Genilson F. Queiroz","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100773","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100773","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has shown promising results against squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in both <em>in vivo</em> and in vitro assays, mainly in humans and mice. Its applicability for treatment of feline tumors, however, remains unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the anticancer effects of CAP on a head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lineage and against a clinical case of cutaneous SCC in a cat. Control and treatment groups employing the HNSCC cell line (SCC-25) were used, the latter exposed to CAP for 60 seconds, 90 seconds, or 120 seconds. The cells were subjected to the MTT assay nitric oxidation assay and thermographic in vitro analyses. The clinical application was performed in one cat with cutaneous SCC (3 sites). The lesions were treated and evaluated by thermographic, histopathological, and immunohistochemical examinations (caspase-3 and TNF-alpha). Treatment of the SCC-25 cells for 90 seconds and 120 seconds resulted in a significant nitrite concentration increase. Decreased cell viability was observed after 24 hours and 48 hours, regardless of exposure time. However, the cell viability reduction observed at 72 hours was significant only in the 120 seconds treatment. In vitro, the temperature decreased for all treatment times, while the plasma induced a slight increase in mean temperature (0.7°C) in the in vivo assay. Two of the 3 clinical tumors responded to the treatment: one with a complete response and the other, partial, while the third (lower lip SCC) remained stable. Both remaining tumors displayed apoptotic areas and increased expression of caspase-3 and TNF-alpha. Adverse effects were mild and limited to erythema and crusting. The CAP exhibited an in vitro anticancer effect on the HNSCC cell line, demonstrated by a dose-dependent cell viability reduction. In vivo, the therapy appears safe and effective against feline cutaneous SCC. The treatment did not result in a clinical response for 1 of 3 lesions (proliferative lower lip tumor), however, a biological effect was still demonstrated by the higher expression of apoptosis indicators.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9593469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dexmedetomidine Alone or Combined With Morphine for Epidural Anesthesia in Bitches Undergoing Elective Ovariohysterectomy","authors":"Andressa R. Souza ,&nbsp;Isadora G. Franco ,&nbsp;Isabela M. Costa ,&nbsp;Gustavo H. Julião ,&nbsp;Beatriz B. Oliveira ,&nbsp;Talita F. Moreira ,&nbsp;Marcos C. Sant'Anna ,&nbsp;Caio J.X. Abimussi ,&nbsp;Beatriz P. Floriano","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100775","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100775","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The purpose of this study was to assess perioperative analgesia provided by the combination of epidural dexmedetomidine and morphine in bitches undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy. Twenty-four bitches were included in the study and allocated into 3 groups: GM, morphine 0.1 mg/kg; GD, dexmedetomidine 2 µg/kg; and GDM, dexmedetomidine and morphine at the same doses. All solutions were diluted in saline to a total of 0.36 mL/kg. Heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (FR) and systolic blood pressure (SAP) were recorded prior to epidural analgesia (TB), immediately following epidural analgesia (TEA), at surgical incision (TSI), at the first ovarian pedicle clamping (TOP1), at the second pedicle clamping (TOP2), at uterine stump clamping (TUC), at the start of abdominal cavity closure (TSC) and at the end of skin closure (TEC). Rescue analgesia with fentanyl was administered at 2 µg/kg IV if nociception corresponding to a 20% increase of any cardiorespiratory variables was noted. Postoperative pain assessment was performed using a modified composite Glasgow pain scale along the first 6 hours following the end of surgery. Numeric data were compared using ANOVA for repeated measures followed by Tukey test and ovarian ligament relaxation was analyzed using chi-square test under 5% significance. No differences were found on FR among times or groups, although HR showed significant differences between GM and GD at TSI, TOP1, TOP2, TSC and TEC and between GM and GDM at TEA and TSI (significantly lower HR values recorded in dexmedetomidine groups). Differences among time points were found on HR between TB and TEA in GD and on PAS between TOP1 and TSC in GM and between TOP1 and TUC in GDM (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). Ovarian ligament relaxation was significantly more present in groups using dexmedetomidine, although the number of rescue analgesia administrations did not differ among groups. Kaplan-Meyer analysis failed to show significant differences on time of rescue analgesia administration among groups (<em>P</em> &gt; .05). In conclusion, the combination of epidural dexmedetomidine and morphine is a more interesting choice for elective ovariohysterectomy in bitches for producing analgesia comparable to that of each drug alone, with noticeable relaxation of ovarian ligaments and lesser cardiovascular consequences.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9593472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Contribution of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Sampling and Fungal Culture in a Dog With Pulmonary Coccidioidomycosis","authors":"Alexis D. Siler ,&nbsp;Jared A. Jaffey ,&nbsp;Casandra Jacobs ,&nbsp;Kate Shumway","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2022.100754","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2022.100754","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A 7-year-old, male neutered, Miniature Australian Shepherd from Arizona was presented for evaluation of a 3-month history of progressive cough. Thoracic radiographs revealed a focal alveolar pulmonary pattern and suspected tracheobronchial lymph node enlargement. Serum anti-<em>Coccidioides</em> spp. IgM/IgG antibodies were not detected by agar gel immunodiffusion performed by 2 different reference commercial veterinary laboratories approximately 3.5 and 3.75 months after respiratory tract signs were first noted. The dog failed to respond to empiric therapy with a cough suppressant and various antibiotics. Tracheobronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) were subsequently performed and cytological examination of the BAL fluid identified marked neutrophilic inflammation characterized by mildly degenerate neutrophils and no infectious organisms. Bacterial cultures were negative but fungal cultures revealed growth of <em>Coccidioides</em> spp. Clinical signs improved shortly after initiation of fluconazole administration and the dog achieved long-term sustained clinical remission. Here, we provide a description of a dog with pulmonary coccidioidomycosis diagnosed with fungal culture of BAL fluid. Airway sampling with cytological examination and fungal culture should be considered in dogs with persistent respiratory related clinical signs, negative antibody serology, and that have lived in or traveled to endemic areas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10706422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Constant Rate Infusions of Fentanyl Alone or in Combination With Lidocaine and Ketamine on the Response to Surgery and Postoperative Pain in Isoflurane Anesthetized Dogs Undergoing Unilateral Mastectomy: A Randomized Clinical Trial","authors":"Éder J. Marques ,&nbsp;Eduardo R. Monteiro ,&nbsp;José R. Herrera-Becerra ,&nbsp;Débora Tomazeli ,&nbsp;Inácio B. Rovaris ,&nbsp;Tiago F. de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Stella de F. Valle ,&nbsp;Marcelo M. Alievi","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2022.100759","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2022.100759","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aim of this study was to compare the effects of constant rate infusions (CRI) of fentanyl alone or combined with lidocaine and ketamine (FLK), on physiological parameters, isoflurane requirements and the number of postoperative analgesic rescues in dogs undergoing unilateral mastectomy. Twenty-two dogs were premedicated with acepromazine 0.02 mg/kg and morphine 0.5 mg/kg and anesthetized with propofol and isoflurane. Dogs were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups: Fentanyl group (fentanyl 5 µg/kg loading dose [LD] and 9 µg/kg/h CRI; <em>n</em> = 11); FLK group (fentanyl [same doses]; lidocaine 2 mg/kg LD and 3 mg/kg/h CRI; ketamine 1.0 mg/kg LD and 0.6 mg/kg/h CRI; = 11). Intraoperative evaluations were performed before the start of surgery and administration of the treatments (T0); three minutes after the LD (T1); during incision and tissue divulsion (T2); during closure of the surgical wound (T3). Meloxicam (0.1 mg/kg) was administered at T3. Blood samples were collected for determination of plasma concentrations of fentanyl, lidocaine and ketamine. Pain scores and the number of postoperative analgesic rescues with morphine (0.5 mg/kg) were evaluated for 24 hours postoperatively using the short form of the Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale. Compared to T0, significant decreases in heart rate (from 84 ± 28 to 53 ± 16 bpm in the Fentanyl group and from 93 ± 16 to 63 ± 15 bpm in FLK) and mean arterial pressure (from 61 ± 5 to 49 ± 10 mmHg in Fentanyl and from 59 ± 3 to 38 ± 6 mmHg in FLK) were observed at T1. Arterial hypotension was transient, with normalization of values at T2 and T3. The expired fraction of isoflurane did not differ significantly between the groups. Plasma concentrations of fentanyl, lidocaine and ketamine remained within the therapeutic range. Postoperatively, the number of dogs requiring analgesic rescue was significantly lower in the FLK (0/11, 0%) than in the Fentanyl group (5/11, 45%). In dogs administered morphine and meloxicam as part of the anesthesia protocol, an intraoperative CRI of FLK abolished the requirement for postoperative analgesic rescue for 24 hours in dogs undergoing mastectomy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10701092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}