Topics in companion animal medicine最新文献

{"title":"Immune-Mediated Hemolytic Anemia and Clinically Suspected Acute Pancreatitis in Dogs, a Pilot Study","authors":"Giulia Gianesini ,&nbsp;Michele Drigo ,&nbsp;Andrea Zoia","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100821","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100821","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Acute pancreatitis can be a complication of massive hemolysis, above all when intravascular in nature. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between </span>canine<span> immune mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) and clinically suspected acute pancreatitis (CSAP) and the role of calculated free plasma hemoglobin (Hbfp) in CSAP occurrence/development. In this cohort study<span> the records of 95 dogs with IMHA and 95 sick dogs with pathologies other than IMHA were compared for CSAP occurrence/development. At presentation, 12/95 dogs with IMHA met criteria for CSAP, while only 3/95 sick control dogs met these criteria (χ</span></span></span>² =1.58, <em>P</em> = .008). Within 7 days of hospitalization 9 additional dogs with IMHA had developed CSAP. The Hbfp was calculated and compared for dogs with IMHA that had/developed CSAP and for those without CSAP. In dogs with IMHA, a calculated Hbfp concentration ≥ 0.08 g/dL resulted in an increased relative risk (RR) of having/developing CSAP (RR = 2.54, 95% CI, 1.51-4.29; <em>P</em> = .003). No significant effect on short-term prognosis in dogs with IMHA was found between those having/developing CSAP and those without CSAP. This study showed that dogs with IMHA have an increased risk of having CSAP and Hbfp concentration may be involved in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 100821"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41177797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of Reference Intervals for Caudal Vena Cava-to-Aorta Ratio Measured Ultrasonographically in Healthy Nonsedated Dogs","authors":"Anthony Barthélemy ,&nbsp;Julie Combet-Curt ,&nbsp;Adrien Dupanloup ,&nbsp;Bérengère Gillet ,&nbsp;Maxime Cambournac ,&nbsp;Jeanne-Marie Bonnet-Garin ,&nbsp;Isabelle Goy-Thollot ,&nbsp;Céline Pouzot-Nevoret","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100822","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100822","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>The ultrasonographic assessment of the caudal vena cava-to-aorta ratio (CVC:Ao) appears to be a promising method for early recognition of alterations of intravascular volume status in </span>veterinary medicine<span>. The primary objective of this study was to establish the reference intervals of the CVC:Ao ratio with ultrasound in nonsedated healthy dogs. Secondary objectives were to determine the influence of the respiratory cycle and to evaluate correlations between ultrasonographic measurements, signalment and physical exam findings. Ultrasonographic measurements of Ao and CVC diameters were successfully obtained for all sixty dogs included. No evidence of a difference was observed between the measurements of Ao and CVC diameters, and CVC:Ao ratio between inspiration and expiration (</span></span><em>P</em> = .373, <em>P</em> = .318, and <em>P</em> = .537, respectively). The reference interval for CVC:Ao ratio (95% CI), generated from US measurements performed at any moment of the respiratory cycle was defined as 0.93 (0.91-0.95) −1.32 (1.30-1.34). The CVC:Ao ratio was significantly negatively correlated with age (r = −0.341, <em>P</em> = .008) and positively correlated with respiratory rate (r = 0.423, <em>P</em> &lt; .001), but not with heart rate (<em>P</em><span> = .573) or arterial systolic blood pressure (</span><em>P</em> = .166). A low inter- and intraoperator variability in repeated measurements was observed for each operator and between operators. The ultrasonographic measurement of the CVC:Ao ratio appears as a simple method with low inter- and intraoperator variability using the ultrasonographic protocol described in the current study. With the reference interval established in the present study in healthy nonsedated dogs, further studies should evaluate the utility of this simple method in assessing and monitoring volume status in hypo- and hypervolemic dogs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 100822"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41180830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Assessment of Primary Hemostasis: A Review","authors":"Satoshi Haginoya,&nbsp;Elizabeth J. Thomovsky,&nbsp;Paula A. Johnson,&nbsp;Aimee C. Brooks","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100818","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100818","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Primary hemostatic disorders such as thrombocytopenia and thrombocytopathia are commonly encountered in small animal practice. The key stages of primary hemostasis include platelet adhesion, activation, and aggregation. Understanding the interaction between tissues, platelets, and signaling molecules not only helps clinicians comprehend clot formation but also better recognize thrombocytopathias. Although congenital thrombocytopathia is rare, commercially available platelet function tests allow veterinarians to narrow differentials in many clinical settings. Thrombocytopenia can be easily diagnosed in any clinical setting. In this paper, we review the current understanding of primary hemostasis in veterinary medicine, including the clinical presentation and available diagnostics to identify platelet abnormalities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 100818"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10523507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of metronidazole in acute diarrhea in dogs: a narrative review","authors":"Connor Ellis ,&nbsp;Adesola Odunayo ,&nbsp;M Katherine Tolbert","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100824","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100824","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Acute diarrhea is a common reason for non-wellness veterinary visits in dogs. Treatment for acute diarrhea usually consists of supportive care with nutritional intervention, fluid therapy, anthelmintics, and often an antibiotic - commonly metronidazole in North America. The empirical use of metronidazole for acute diarrhea in dogs has been a common practice in veterinary medicine for many decades; however, recent studies evaluating its use suggest it may be inappropriately utilized in many cases. Herein, we review the evidence evaluating the use of metronidazole and other antibiotics in acute diarrhea in the human and veterinary literature. Recommendations on the use of metronidazole and other antibiotics as well as other therapeutic considerations in the treatment of acute diarrhea are also provided.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 100824"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1938973623000648/pdfft?md5=b2a806c3cb9c3587ae4eb586823fcd64&pid=1-s2.0-S1938973623000648-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54233019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of the Dose and Frequency of Administration of Tramadol on Analgesia, Hematological, Biochemical Parameters, and Oxidative Status of Cats Undergoing Ovariohysterectomy","authors":"Paula Ivanir Schimites ,&nbsp;Leticia Reginato Martins ,&nbsp;Luciana Gonçalves Teixeira ,&nbsp;Jessica Tomio ,&nbsp;Hecson Segat ,&nbsp;Pery Baccin ,&nbsp;Ana Paula Backes Lisboa ,&nbsp;Cinthia Melazzo de Andrade ,&nbsp;Juliana Sorraila de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Guilherme Lopes Dornelles ,&nbsp;Ana Martiele Engelmann ,&nbsp;Renan Bonotto de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Laura Camerini Benetti ,&nbsp;André Vasconcelos Soares","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100801","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100801","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the repeated administration of tramadol subcutaneously on postoperative analgesia, liver, kidneys, and oxidative status in the postoperative period of cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy. Thirty-seven cats were randomly assigned to 5 groups, according to the postoperative analgesic treatment: NaCl 0.9%, GC; tramadol at 2 mg/kg, T2B (q12h) and T2T (q8h); or 4 mg/kg, T4B (q12h) and T4T (q8h). Oxidative status was assessed at baseline, 12 hours and 24 hours after the final administration of tramadol by the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), myeloperoxidase (MPO), butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), and lipoperoxidation (MDA). Total blood count, serum biochemistry and urinalysis were compared between baseline and 12 hours posttramadol. Postoperative pain was evaluated by applying the Glasgow Feline Composite Measure Pain Scale at baseline, 3 (T3), 6 (T6), 8 (T8), 12 (T12), 24 (T24) e 36 (T36) hours after extubation. No side effects were observed. Tramadol increased SOD activity while CAT varied among groups in all time points but not over time. MDA levels increased from baseline to 12 hours in all groups but T4T. MPO activity decreased from baseline to 24 hours in some groups, including GC. Creatinine and phosphatase alkaline decreased in T2T, T4B, and T4T at 12 hours. Higher pain scores were observed from T3 to T8, except for GC. Rescue analgesia was administered only at T3. No difference in pain scores was observed from T8 onwards. Based on the findings, it is suggested that tramadol at 2 mg/kg every 8 hours is recommended for postoperative analgesia of cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 100801"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10493485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hirstiella spp. Infestation in A Client-Owned Iguana (Iguana Iguana) Associated With Skin Lesions on its Owner","authors":"Dario d'Ovidio ,&nbsp;Nikola Pantchev ,&nbsp;Domenico Santoro","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100802","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100802","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A green iguana (<em>Iguana iguana</em>) was presented for severe pruritus, dysecdysis, reduced appetite, lethargy, and the presence of dark red spots on the entire body. A pruritic dermatitis was present on the owner's arms as well. Parasitological examination (light microscopy) performed on the affected iguana, via skin scraping and acetate tape test, revealed numerous <em>Hirstiella</em> spp. mites. Resolution of clinical signs occurred 3 weeks after daily water bath and 3 weekly applications of a 0.25% fipronil solution (sprayed on a glove and then rubbed on the skin of the lizard) along with application of diluted fipronil (1:5 in water). This is the first case report of potential <em>Hirstiella</em> spp. dermatitis in an adult human. Although uncommon, <em>Hirstiella</em> spp. infestation should be considered as a possible differential in pruritic pet lizards specifically in cases in which the owner presents a papular dermatitis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 100802"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10493974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproduction of Domestic Cats in Laboratories, Catteries, and Feral Colonies: A Review","authors":"Theros T. Ng ,&nbsp;Andrea J. Fascetti ,&nbsp;Jennifer A. Larsen","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100780","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100780","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cat reproduction is important for research and commercial cat breeding operations, as well as the control of feral cat populations. This review describes studies examining reproductive performance in laboratory cats, privately-owned breeding cats, and feral cats, including sexual maturity, the estrous cycle (timing, behavior, and hormonal changes), seasonal effects, gestation length, parturition (litter size, litter weight, and parity effects), mortality, and stillbirth. Because the studies highlighted in this review vary in the location where they were conducted and the region's management practices, these factors should be considered depending on the goal of the reader when interpreting these data. Furthermore, standard practices were lacking in some earlier studies of cat reproduction, so they should be considered for historical context only and may not reflect the actual reproductive potential of cats as described in the new studies due to advancements in husbandry practices and nutrition. The objective of this manuscript is to review scientific studies examining reproductive performance in laboratory cats, privately-owned breeding cats, and feral cats. The data sources for this manuscript included original research publications and scientific reviews from the veterinary literature. All reviews or studies that augmented the knowledge of the reproduction of domestic cats in laboratories, catteries, and feral colonies were included. Most studies on laboratory cats have been conducted under the conditions of controlled light cycles, temperature, and diet. The environmental effects on reproductive behavior are subtler than those in feral cat studies, but the effects are still distinguishable. Cat breeding studies focus on genetic effects and rely heavily on surveys or questionnaires from cat breeders. However, the reliability of these data can be variable, in part because the methodology of record-keeping and other protocols are generally not reported. In addition, laboratory animal management standards, specific pathogen-free cat colonies, and nutritional requirements for cats were not fully established until the 1970s. Reproductive outcomes of earlier studies may not be a true representation of the modern cat due to more advanced, regulated husbandry practices, including improvements in nutrition, resulting in diets formulated to meet feline requirements for every life stage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 100780"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10195226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathological Aspects and Immunohistochemical Evaluation of Troponin C in the Cardiovascular System of Dogs With Pheochromocytoma","authors":"Fernando F. Argenta ,&nbsp;Mônica Slaviero ,&nbsp;Lauren S. de Mello ,&nbsp;Joanna V.Z. Echenique ,&nbsp;Alexia A. Zorzan ,&nbsp;Fernanda G. Cony ,&nbsp;Marcele B. Bandinelli ,&nbsp;Márcio B. de Castro ,&nbsp;Saulo P. Pavarini ,&nbsp;David Driemeier ,&nbsp;Luciana Sonne","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100777","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100777","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Functional pheochromocytomas secrete catecholamines and have been associated with cardiovascular lesions in dogs. This study aimed to describe the postmortem pathological findings in the cardiovascular system of dogs with pheochromocytoma and to evaluate the expression of cardiac troponin C in these dogs using immunohistochemical analysis. Twelve cases were identified, with a mean age of 10.6 years. The heart of all dogs was enlarged and with concentric hypertrophy of the left ventricular myocardium. Histological analysis showed cardiomyocyte necrosis and degeneration in the myocardium, with frequent bands of contraction, fibrosis, inflammation, and thickening of the medium-caliber arteries in the myocardium. There was a marked decrease or absence of immunolabeling in necrotic cardiomyocytes. We conclude that IHC for troponin C can be a useful tool for detecting myocardial necrosis in dogs with pheochromocytomas, including early cases of necrosis with only incipient cardiac changes where overt histologic abnormalities are not immediately apparent in the cardiomyocytes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 100777"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9647388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Injury Risk Factors Associated With Training and Competition in Flyball Dogs","authors":"Scott P. Blake,&nbsp;Vicky A. Melfi,&nbsp;Gillian F. Tabor,&nbsp;Alison P. Wills","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100774","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100774","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Flyball is a fast-paced, high-energy canine sport which has received negative press regarding the potential for injury, and possible welfare implications for canine competitors. Whilst frequency of injury within the sport has been investigated, evidence gaps remain regarding cause. The aim of this study was therefore to identify risk factors for injury within the sport, with a view to improving competitor safety. An online questionnaire was used to obtain data on dogs that had competed in flyball in the last 5 years but remained injury free, and a second questionnaire obtained data on dogs that had also competed within the last 5 years but sustained an injury. Data relating to conformation and performance was collected for 581 dogs, with the same data plus information relating to injury collected from an additional 75 injured dogs. Data were then compared using univariable, multivariable and multinomial logistic regression.</p><p>Dogs completing a flyball course in less than 4 seconds had the highest level of injury risk (<em>P</em> = .029), which reduced as time taken increased. There was an association between risk of injury and increasing age, with dogs over 10 years old most likely to be injured during their career in the sport (<em>P</em> = .004). Furthermore, dogs using an angle of flyball box of between 45° and 55° had a greater risk of injury, while using an angle between 66° and 75° reduced the risk of injury by 67.2% (OR: 0.328). Use of carpal bandaging was significantly associated with carpal injuries (<em>P</em> = .042). These findings identify new risk factors for injury within flyball which can be used to improve welfare and safety for competitors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 100774"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9585267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to <Successful Treatment With Prednisolone and Mycophenolate Mofetil in a Dog With Recurrent Erythema Multiforme Minor> Topics in Companion Animal Medicine, 52C (2022)100755","authors":"Taesik Yun,&nbsp;Mingyun Son,&nbsp;Yoonhoi Koo,&nbsp;Yeon Chae,&nbsp;Dohee Lee,&nbsp;Hakhyun Kim,&nbsp;Mhan-Pyo Yang,&nbsp;Byeong-Teck Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100761","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100761","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 100761"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9588743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}