Topics in companion animal medicine最新文献

{"title":"Presence of Gastrointestinal Paraneoplastic Syndrome at Diagnosis in Dogs With Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors and Its Influence on Disease-Free Interval and Survival","authors":"Gabriela Reis Ledur ,&nbsp;Anelise Bonilla Trindade-Gerardi ,&nbsp;Saulo Petinatti Pavarini ,&nbsp;Luciana Oliveira de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Keylla Hörbe Steffen dos Santos ,&nbsp;Laerte Ferreiro ,&nbsp;Daniel Guimarães Gerardi","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100808","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100808","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Paraneoplastic syndrome (PNS) is a combination of signs unrelated to the physical presence of a tumor and/or its metastases. Its presence may result in poorer clinical outcomes and prognosis. Gastrointestinal ulceration is a well-known PNS in animals with cutaneous MCT. This retrospective study analyzed the occurrence of gastrointestinal (GI) PNS at the time of diagnosis. Using medical records, we attempted to correlate the occurrence of these GI signs with clinical and histologic criteria, as well as to evaluate their influence on the disease-free interval (DFI) and survival (ST) over a 6-year follow-up period (2013-2020). The medical records of 41 dogs with a confirmed diagnosis of cutaneous MCT treated between 2013 and 2014 were included. All dogs underwent surgical biopsy or tumor excision, endoscopic and histologic examination to evaluate possible GI lesions. The presence and severity of GI signs were recorded. Clinical data such as the history of recurrence, number of tumors, tumor size, presence of ulceration, local pruritus, edema and erythema, histopathological classification, and mitotic index were extracted from medical records. Clinical signs relating to the GI system were observed in 41.5% of the dogs and were classified as mild in 94.1% at the time of diagnosis. Endoscopic examination of the upper digestive tract showed evidence of inflammation, but histologic examination of the mucosa showed no serious lesions in any case. There was no significant association between the occurrence of clinical GI signs and any of the variables studied. Follow-up issues meant that only 38 dogs were included for evaluation of the ST and 32 for DFI analysis. DFI was 25.1 months for dogs with GI signs and 14.8 months for dogs without GI signs. At the end of the study, 71.1% of patients had died. Survival time for dogs with GI signs was 54.9 months and 48 months for dogs without GI signs. Over the 6 years of the study, no differences were observed between the ST and the DFI, and the presence or absence of GI PNS at the time of diagnosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 100808"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10476411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of open wounds in dogs using a bioresorbable polymeric wound matrix: 14 Cases (2019-2021)","authors":"A.J. Carrillo,&nbsp;M.L. Mancuso,&nbsp;E.A. Maxwell","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100825","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100825","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The objective of this retrospective case series is to evaluate clinical outcomes associated with the use of a bioresorbable polymeric wound matrix (MicroLyte Vet; Imbed Biosciences) for the management of soft tissue wounds of various etiologies in dogs. Medical records were reviewed between August 2019 and November 2021 for signalment, wound etiology, location, size, initial wound management, antibiotic therapy, time to initial application, number of applications, time between applications, secondary dressing used, time to wound closure, complications, and clinical outcomes. Time to initial application ranged from 1 to 61 days (median, 7.5). The number of applications ranged from 1 to 15 (median, 4.5). Time between applications ranged from 1 to 8 days (median, 3.7). Additional surgical interventions were implemented in 3 dogs. Wound closure by second intention healing (n=14) ranged from 2 to 12 weeks (median, 5). There were no adverse events attributed to the use of bioresorbable polymeric wound matrix. Complete wound healing occurred with use of the bioresorbable polymeric wound matrix in all dogs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 100825"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61567115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flumazenil Treatment for Diazepam-Associated Neurological Signs in a Cat With a Portosystemic Shunt","authors":"Renata S. Costa ,&nbsp;Jared A. Jaffey ,&nbsp;Jason Evans","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100806","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100806","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A 7-month-old female spayed domestic short hair cat was presented for evaluation of inadequate clinical response to medical management for hepatic encephalopathy (HE). An abdominal computed tomography (CT) was to be performed but the cat developed 2 grand mal seizures shortly after presentation. Minimal handling and no drugs had been administered before the seizures. A single dose of diazepam (0.3 mg/kg, IV) was administered after each seizure. Another seizure occurred 24 hours after hospitalization and diazepam (0.5 mg/kg, IV) was once again administered. Seizures ceased but neurological signs worsened and included head pressing, loss of menace response, and a stuporous mentation. Due to unresponsiveness to treatment that included administration of intravenous fluids, levetiracetam, ampicillin/sulbactam, and retention enemas (water with lactulose), a dose of flumazenil (0.01 mg/kg) was administered IV and resulted in immediate but transient improvement of clinical signs. The stuporous state returned after 60 min post-treatment and an additional dose of IV flumazenil (0.01 mg/kg) was administered with the same outcome. Based on this positive clinical response, IV infusion of flumazenil was initiated at 0.01 mg/kg/h following a loading dose of 0.005 mg/kg. Due to minimal improvement in neurological signs, flumazenil IV infusion was increased gradually until reaching the effective dose of 0.1 mg/kg/h. Flumazenil IV infusion was continued for 24 hours with improvements in neurological signs, which did not return upon gradual decrease of the flumazenil dose. This is the first report describing the use of a flumazenil IV infusion to improve neurological signs in a cat with a PSS and HE treated with diazepam.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 100806"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10586604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune-Mediated Hemolytic Anemia and Clinically Suspected Acute Pancreatitis in Dogs, a Pilot Study","authors":"Giulia Gianesini ,&nbsp;Michele Drigo ,&nbsp;Andrea Zoia","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100821","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100821","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Acute pancreatitis can be a complication of massive hemolysis, above all when intravascular in nature. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between </span>canine<span> immune mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) and clinically suspected acute pancreatitis (CSAP) and the role of calculated free plasma hemoglobin (Hbfp) in CSAP occurrence/development. In this cohort study<span> the records of 95 dogs with IMHA and 95 sick dogs with pathologies other than IMHA were compared for CSAP occurrence/development. At presentation, 12/95 dogs with IMHA met criteria for CSAP, while only 3/95 sick control dogs met these criteria (χ</span></span></span>² =1.58, <em>P</em> = .008). Within 7 days of hospitalization 9 additional dogs with IMHA had developed CSAP. The Hbfp was calculated and compared for dogs with IMHA that had/developed CSAP and for those without CSAP. In dogs with IMHA, a calculated Hbfp concentration ≥ 0.08 g/dL resulted in an increased relative risk (RR) of having/developing CSAP (RR = 2.54, 95% CI, 1.51-4.29; <em>P</em> = .003). No significant effect on short-term prognosis in dogs with IMHA was found between those having/developing CSAP and those without CSAP. This study showed that dogs with IMHA have an increased risk of having CSAP and Hbfp concentration may be involved in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 100821"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41177797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case of Urinary Bladder Malakoplakia in a Young French Bulldog: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Issues","authors":"Diane Pichard ,&nbsp;Maxime Kurtz ,&nbsp;Edouard Reyes-Gomez ,&nbsp;Mathieu Manassero ,&nbsp;Christelle Maurey","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100804","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100804","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A 3-month-old female French Bulldog presented with hematuria, severe pollakiuria, and urinary incontinence lasting for 1.5 months. Broad-spectrum empirical antibiotic therapy and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were initiated by the referring veterinarian. Due to a lack of improvement, the dog was referred. At referral examination, urinary clinical signs persisted (hematuria, severe pollakiuria) and a firm bladder was noted. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed severe, diffuse bladder wall thickening with a significant reduction in the bladder lumen. Urinary tract endoscopy showed whitish exophytic proliferations throughout the entire bladder wall. Histological bladder wall analysis led to a diagnosis of bladder malakoplakia. Prolonged antibiotic therapy with fluoroquinolones was prescribed and resulted in clinical remission despite persistent bacteria in the bladder wall. This report describes a case of successfully medically managed bladder malakoplakia, a very rare condition in veterinary medicine, well documented in humans.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 100804"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10179505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of Reference Intervals for Caudal Vena Cava-to-Aorta Ratio Measured Ultrasonographically in Healthy Nonsedated Dogs","authors":"Anthony Barthélemy ,&nbsp;Julie Combet-Curt ,&nbsp;Adrien Dupanloup ,&nbsp;Bérengère Gillet ,&nbsp;Maxime Cambournac ,&nbsp;Jeanne-Marie Bonnet-Garin ,&nbsp;Isabelle Goy-Thollot ,&nbsp;Céline Pouzot-Nevoret","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100822","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100822","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>The ultrasonographic assessment of the caudal vena cava-to-aorta ratio (CVC:Ao) appears to be a promising method for early recognition of alterations of intravascular volume status in </span>veterinary medicine<span>. The primary objective of this study was to establish the reference intervals of the CVC:Ao ratio with ultrasound in nonsedated healthy dogs. Secondary objectives were to determine the influence of the respiratory cycle and to evaluate correlations between ultrasonographic measurements, signalment and physical exam findings. Ultrasonographic measurements of Ao and CVC diameters were successfully obtained for all sixty dogs included. No evidence of a difference was observed between the measurements of Ao and CVC diameters, and CVC:Ao ratio between inspiration and expiration (</span></span><em>P</em> = .373, <em>P</em> = .318, and <em>P</em> = .537, respectively). The reference interval for CVC:Ao ratio (95% CI), generated from US measurements performed at any moment of the respiratory cycle was defined as 0.93 (0.91-0.95) −1.32 (1.30-1.34). The CVC:Ao ratio was significantly negatively correlated with age (r = −0.341, <em>P</em> = .008) and positively correlated with respiratory rate (r = 0.423, <em>P</em> &lt; .001), but not with heart rate (<em>P</em><span> = .573) or arterial systolic blood pressure (</span><em>P</em> = .166). A low inter- and intraoperator variability in repeated measurements was observed for each operator and between operators. The ultrasonographic measurement of the CVC:Ao ratio appears as a simple method with low inter- and intraoperator variability using the ultrasonographic protocol described in the current study. With the reference interval established in the present study in healthy nonsedated dogs, further studies should evaluate the utility of this simple method in assessing and monitoring volume status in hypo- and hypervolemic dogs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 100822"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41180830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Assessment of Primary Hemostasis: A Review","authors":"Satoshi Haginoya,&nbsp;Elizabeth J. Thomovsky,&nbsp;Paula A. Johnson,&nbsp;Aimee C. Brooks","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100818","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100818","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Primary hemostatic disorders such as thrombocytopenia and thrombocytopathia are commonly encountered in small animal practice. The key stages of primary hemostasis include platelet adhesion, activation, and aggregation. Understanding the interaction between tissues, platelets, and signaling molecules not only helps clinicians comprehend clot formation but also better recognize thrombocytopathias. Although congenital thrombocytopathia is rare, commercially available platelet function tests allow veterinarians to narrow differentials in many clinical settings. Thrombocytopenia can be easily diagnosed in any clinical setting. In this paper, we review the current understanding of primary hemostasis in veterinary medicine, including the clinical presentation and available diagnostics to identify platelet abnormalities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 100818"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10523507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of metronidazole in acute diarrhea in dogs: a narrative review","authors":"Connor Ellis ,&nbsp;Adesola Odunayo ,&nbsp;M Katherine Tolbert","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100824","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100824","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Acute diarrhea is a common reason for non-wellness veterinary visits in dogs. Treatment for acute diarrhea usually consists of supportive care with nutritional intervention, fluid therapy, anthelmintics, and often an antibiotic - commonly metronidazole in North America. The empirical use of metronidazole for acute diarrhea in dogs has been a common practice in veterinary medicine for many decades; however, recent studies evaluating its use suggest it may be inappropriately utilized in many cases. Herein, we review the evidence evaluating the use of metronidazole and other antibiotics in acute diarrhea in the human and veterinary literature. Recommendations on the use of metronidazole and other antibiotics as well as other therapeutic considerations in the treatment of acute diarrhea are also provided.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 100824"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1938973623000648/pdfft?md5=b2a806c3cb9c3587ae4eb586823fcd64&pid=1-s2.0-S1938973623000648-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54233019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of the Dose and Frequency of Administration of Tramadol on Analgesia, Hematological, Biochemical Parameters, and Oxidative Status of Cats Undergoing Ovariohysterectomy","authors":"Paula Ivanir Schimites ,&nbsp;Leticia Reginato Martins ,&nbsp;Luciana Gonçalves Teixeira ,&nbsp;Jessica Tomio ,&nbsp;Hecson Segat ,&nbsp;Pery Baccin ,&nbsp;Ana Paula Backes Lisboa ,&nbsp;Cinthia Melazzo de Andrade ,&nbsp;Juliana Sorraila de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Guilherme Lopes Dornelles ,&nbsp;Ana Martiele Engelmann ,&nbsp;Renan Bonotto de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Laura Camerini Benetti ,&nbsp;André Vasconcelos Soares","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100801","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100801","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the repeated administration of tramadol subcutaneously on postoperative analgesia, liver, kidneys, and oxidative status in the postoperative period of cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy. Thirty-seven cats were randomly assigned to 5 groups, according to the postoperative analgesic treatment: NaCl 0.9%, GC; tramadol at 2 mg/kg, T2B (q12h) and T2T (q8h); or 4 mg/kg, T4B (q12h) and T4T (q8h). Oxidative status was assessed at baseline, 12 hours and 24 hours after the final administration of tramadol by the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), myeloperoxidase (MPO), butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), and lipoperoxidation (MDA). Total blood count, serum biochemistry and urinalysis were compared between baseline and 12 hours posttramadol. Postoperative pain was evaluated by applying the Glasgow Feline Composite Measure Pain Scale at baseline, 3 (T3), 6 (T6), 8 (T8), 12 (T12), 24 (T24) e 36 (T36) hours after extubation. No side effects were observed. Tramadol increased SOD activity while CAT varied among groups in all time points but not over time. MDA levels increased from baseline to 12 hours in all groups but T4T. MPO activity decreased from baseline to 24 hours in some groups, including GC. Creatinine and phosphatase alkaline decreased in T2T, T4B, and T4T at 12 hours. Higher pain scores were observed from T3 to T8, except for GC. Rescue analgesia was administered only at T3. No difference in pain scores was observed from T8 onwards. Based on the findings, it is suggested that tramadol at 2 mg/kg every 8 hours is recommended for postoperative analgesia of cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 100801"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10493485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hirstiella spp. Infestation in A Client-Owned Iguana (Iguana Iguana) Associated With Skin Lesions on its Owner","authors":"Dario d'Ovidio ,&nbsp;Nikola Pantchev ,&nbsp;Domenico Santoro","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100802","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100802","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A green iguana (<em>Iguana iguana</em>) was presented for severe pruritus, dysecdysis, reduced appetite, lethargy, and the presence of dark red spots on the entire body. A pruritic dermatitis was present on the owner's arms as well. Parasitological examination (light microscopy) performed on the affected iguana, via skin scraping and acetate tape test, revealed numerous <em>Hirstiella</em> spp. mites. Resolution of clinical signs occurred 3 weeks after daily water bath and 3 weekly applications of a 0.25% fipronil solution (sprayed on a glove and then rubbed on the skin of the lizard) along with application of diluted fipronil (1:5 in water). This is the first case report of potential <em>Hirstiella</em> spp. dermatitis in an adult human. Although uncommon, <em>Hirstiella</em> spp. infestation should be considered as a possible differential in pruritic pet lizards specifically in cases in which the owner presents a papular dermatitis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 100802"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10493974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}