Thermal Science and Engineering Progress最新文献

{"title":"Optimization design and analysis of the exhaust system considering multi-component influences","authors":"Shengwen Hou,&nbsp;Qiang Wang,&nbsp;Haiyang Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103695","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103695","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The design of an aero-engine exhaust system that integrates superior aerodynamic performance with effective infrared radiation (IR) suppression is crucial for advancing military technology. This study addresses the complex interactions among various components of an aircraft engine by focusing on an exhaust system that incorporates the influences of both the turbine and afterburner. Utilizing commercial software for flow field calculations and the discrete transfer method for assessing infrared radiation intensity, the research employs a hierarchical optimization strategy. This strategy targets four structural design variables and five infrared coating variables, with a detailed analysis of their impacts on aerodynamic performance and infrared characteristics. Through the application of main effect relationships and the control variable method, the study delves into the aerodynamic and thermal radiation properties to elucidate the underlying physical mechanisms. The outcome is the development of a high-performance exhaust system that, compared to the baseline model, demonstrates a 1.31 % improvement in flow coefficient, a 3.19 % increase in thrust coefficient, a 46.88 % reduction in 0° infrared intensity, and a 17.31 % decrease in average infrared intensity at angles of 30°, 60°, and 90°.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"63 ","pages":"Article 103695"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144090659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing pyrolysis of sewage sludge: Bibliometrics analysis, life cycle assessment, and circular economy insights","authors":"Alia Syafiqah Abdul Hamed ,&nbsp;Nur Farizan Munajat ,&nbsp;Nazaitulshila Rasit ,&nbsp;Ismail W. Almanassra ,&nbsp;Muataz Ali Atieh ,&nbsp;Khalid Sayed ,&nbsp;Haif Aljomard","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103693","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103693","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pyrolysis technology holds great potential for sustainable sewage sludge treatment due to its ability to recover energy, tackle the environmental challenges, and convert by-products into valuable resources. However, a comprehensive understanding of its research progression, sustainability implications, and policy relevance remains limited. This study offers a comprehensive analysis of sewage sludge (SS) pyrolysis research, integrating sustainability through life cycle assessment (LCA) and circular economy principles. Using Scopus and VOSviewer, it highlights significant growth in research, with publications rising in this decade, reflecting increasing global interest driven by environmental and technological imperatives. China dominates the field with 693 publications and extensive international collaborations, followed by the United States and Australia. Key journals play pivotal roles in disseminating findings, while interdisciplinary contributions span environmental science, energy, and chemical engineering. Keyword analysis reveals emerging trends such as circular economy, LCA, and carbon sequestration highlighting a growing focus on sustainable practices. LCA studies show that advanced pyrolysis technologies reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and align with United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Circular economy analyses underscore the economic viability of co-pyrolysis, alongside substantial energy recovery and bio-oil market potential. Additionally, this study explores the key technological challenges and mitigation strategies crucial for optimizing SS pyrolysis systems and advancing future research. These findings underscore the adaptability of SS pyrolysis for waste valorization and its role in addressing environmental challenges. This analysis provides valuable insights for advancing research, informing policy, and optimizing industrial practices, highlighting SS pyrolysis as a critical technology for sustainable waste management and resource recovery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"63 ","pages":"Article 103693"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144090662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circularity assessment of industrial heat exchanger and water treatment systems integration","authors":"João Miguel Ribeiro ,&nbsp;Daniel Filipe Cristo Dias ,&nbsp;Eliza Nika ,&nbsp;Bertrand Delpech ,&nbsp;Evina Katsou ,&nbsp;Hussam Jouhara","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103661","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103661","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Water recycling and reusing strategies in industries have been<!--> <!-->promoted to reduce freshwater consumption. In addition, Heat Pipe Heat Exchanger technology has been employed successfully, resulting in the reduction of natural gas consumption and mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. It is important to assess the true benefits of the application of these Circular Economy strategies. Therefore, this work assesses the integration of a Heat Pipe Condenser Economiser (HPCE) and a water treatment system in a ceramic industry. Additionally, rooftop rainwater harvesting is integrated into the industry. The CE assessment methodologies and selected indicators measure the efficiency of the transition from a linear to a circular economy and identify strategies for optimisation. However, the interactions between human and natural systems related to the abstraction of resources and release of outflows are not considered. This is important to understand potential disruptions when implementing circular actions. Therefore, the assessment focuses on circular principles such as resource traceability and value created by implemented actions, and through resource flow and circular action indicators, the intrinsic circularity of system integration is quantified. The assessment showed the integration of both systems and the rooftop rainwater harvesting increased the Circular Water Flow and the Water Withdrawal Reduction up to 33.73 % and 22.88 %, respectively. Moreover, it demonstrates that the HPCE integration increased the Recovered Energy Contribution up to 19.98 %. This indicates the system’s integrations increased circular performance over the baseline scenario. Additionally, the assessment enabled a scenario analysis which aided in identifying further strategies to improve the circular actions, such as reducing freshwater withdrawal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 103661"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable management of anaerobic digestate through torrefaction into bioenergy: Mass and energy balance, performance indices, thermal-pyrolysis behavior","authors":"Rickwinder Singh ,&nbsp;Christoph Lindenberger ,&nbsp;Aakash Chawade ,&nbsp;Vivekanand Vivekanand","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103688","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103688","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the torrefaction of raw digestate (RD) to upgrade properties of product followed by thermal-pyrolysis behaviour analysis of RD and torrefied product. Results showed that key torrefaction indices mainly mass yield (MY%), energy yield (EY%), higher heating ealue (HHV), energy-mass co-benefit index (EMCI) were affected by torrefaction reaction temperature. As temperature increased 200 °C to 300 °C, MY% was decreased from∼95 % to ∼69 % while EY% initially enhanced till 260 °C, then became constant till 300 °C. Torrefaction enhanced fixed carbon and HHV by 14.3–86.7 % and 15.8–35.8 % as compared to RD as temperature increased from 200 to 300 °C, however, ash content increased. Torrefaction of RD at 240 °C for 30 mins provided best results in terms of MY%, EY% and HHV with tradeoff between fixed-carbon and ash-content. Furthermore, thermal-pyrolysis behaviour of RD and TD240 was investigated by model-free and model-based kinetic models to examine the kinetics primary reactions under thermal decomposition. Estimated activation energies (Ea) reduced from 129.2-225.9 kJ/mol, 122.4–203.5 kJ/mol, and 127.3–227.4 kJ/mol for RD to 107.5–132.4 kJ/mol, 110.4–132.8 kJ/mol and 106.2–132.7 kJ/mol for TD240 using Friedman, Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) and Ozawa-Flynn-Wall (OFW) models respectively. Activation enthalpy (ΔH) obtained 123.9–190 kJ/mol and 108.4–127.6 kJ/mol for RD and TD240. Furthermore, mass and energy balance showed the process has 97.65 % self-efficient without any external energy. Overall, effectiveness of torrefaction process showed to upgrade the existing biogas plants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 103688"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical investigation of the Space-Fractional Straight Fin Model with temperature-dependent properties using the Shooting Method","authors":"Fran Sérgio Lobato ,&nbsp;Fábio de Oliveira Arouca","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103640","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103640","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditionally, models based on physical phenomena are represented by integer-order differential equations. The extension to non-integer (fractional) orders represents a significant advancement in modeling highly nonlinear systems. However, fractional differential models introduce greater complexity compared to integer-order models. This study aims to analyze the physical parameters and evaluate the influence of fractional orders on the temperature and efficiency profiles of fins. To achieve this, the original two-point boundary value problem is transformed into an equivalent single-point problem using the Shooting Method. The resulting system is then solved using the Fractional Adams Predictor–Corrector Method. To validate the proposed approach, two straight fins with temperature-dependent properties are considered. The results demonstrate that the proposed methodology is a promising strategy for solving both integer and fractional order problems. The change in the fractional order influences the model parameters and, consequently, the temperature profiles and fin efficiency. Furthermore, depending on the fractional order, the temperature profile may be distorted in relation to the integer-order model, and the heat transfer process may be faster (or slower) in fractional order models compared to those with an integer order. Regarding the integer-order model, the fin efficiency can be maximized by choosing an appropriate fractional order.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 103640"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance improvement and fuel saving by using obstacle in cathode channel of a porous-end PEMFC: A CFD simulation study","authors":"Sahar Bashiri ,&nbsp;Nima Amanifard ,&nbsp;Hesam Moayedi","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103684","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103684","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Performance development of polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells has attracted a great attention as clean and affordable energy sources. In the present study, the effect of using a rectangular obstacle in the cathode channel of a porous-end PEMFC was numerically investigated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation in ANSYS Fluent software. The aim of this work is to utilize the passive method in both anode and cathode channels of a PEMFC to improve the fuel cell efficiency while decreasing hydrogen consumption and pumping power. Hence, the impact of various positions and dimensions of a rectangular obstacle within the cathode channel of a PEMFC is numerically studied. Also, the influence of adding porous media with a specified thickness at the anode channel outlet within a PEMFC is examined. Results show that the presence of an obstacle at h = 0.95 mm and b = 50 mm, along with a porous media of suitable thickness (1 mm), it causes a more uniform dispersion of species and pressure in both channels. Also, results illustrate that increasing the height and distance of the obstacle from the cathode channel inlet of the porous-end PEMFC reduces the pumping power consumption by 93.64 %, while simultaneously maintaining a constant current density. It is indicated by the results that the overall performance of the porous-end PEMFC with the optimal obstacle configuration is enhanced by a factor of 14.31 compared to the Base PEMFC model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 103684"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study on heat transfer performance of spray cooling on high heat flux rail surface","authors":"Shuo Ma ,&nbsp;Yongyichuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Chang Xu ,&nbsp;Yu Wang ,&nbsp;Zhipeng Zhou ,&nbsp;Kexun Wang ,&nbsp;Hongting Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103685","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103685","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lack of the principle of selecting the best spray cooling parameters will be detrimental to the effective thermal management of the high heat flux electromagnetic rail. This paper conducted experimental study on the heat transfer characteristics and cooling effect of spray cooling on a high heat flux vertical rail surface, an experimental system was designed and built, and the main influencing factors on the cooling effect of the rail were experimentally studied. the results showed that with the increasing spray distance, the critical heat flux (CHF), average heat flux (AHF) and integrated heat transfer coefficient (IHTC) all increased first and then decreased, while the average temperature of rail surface gradually decreased. When the spray increased to 25 cm, the CHF, AHF and IHTC reached the maximum value of 241.69 W/cm², 44.10 W/(cm² K) and 14007.02 W/(m² K), while the average surface temperature (AST) of rail reached the minimum value of 55.77 ℃. With the increase of spray angle, the CHF, AHF and IHTC shown a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, while the AST of rail shown a trend of first decreasing and then increasing. The best cooling effect can be obtained at the spray angle of 0°. As the cooling water pressure at the nozzle inlet increased, the CHF, AHF and IHTC all shown a gradually increasing trend, while the AST of rail shown a gradually decreasing trend. When the cooling water pressure increased to 0.5 MPa, the CHF, AHF and IHTC reached the maximum value, while the AST reached the lowest value. The results have a positive guiding significance for improving the spray cooling effect of the high heat flux rail surface.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 103685"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical simulation research on downhole methane combustion heating tool for hydrate exploitation: Gas−liquid heat transfer performance","authors":"Bingyu Sun ,&nbsp;Yuting Wang ,&nbsp;Yanxin Liu ,&nbsp;Xin Zhang ,&nbsp;Hanxiang Wang ,&nbsp;Jiaqi Che ,&nbsp;Shen Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103686","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103686","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Natural gas hydrates are considered a promising clean energy resource with significant development potential. This study focuses on the research and application of energy supplementation tools in natural gas hydrate extraction. First, a methane combustion heating process is proposed, and a methane combustion heating tool is designed to heat hydrate reservoirs through methane combustion. The tool includes key components such as a pressure-bearing pipe and an igniter, with the primary goal of promoting hydrate dissociation by increasing the reservoir temperature. To assess the tool’s ignition and heating capabilities in a water-immersed environment, surface experiments are conducted, and the tool’s actual value for reservoir development is verified using a gas production model. Next, a flow field model of the tool in the downhole environment is established using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), and the flow field characteristics and heat transfer performance of the tool are systematically studied. The results show that the tool can increase the reservoir temperature by 10 °C. Further analysis of the impact of various operational parameters on the internal flow field and heating efficiency reveals that a higher inlet gas flow rate (methane at 6 m/s) and optimized gas ratio (e.g., 1:5) significantly improve heating efficiency. Additionally, the influence of key structural parameters, such as the number of combustion ports and combustion channel dimensions, on the tool’s heating performance is analyzed. Based on these findings, recommendations for optimizing the tool’s design are proposed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 103686"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143943455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A unique thermal system coupled with thermal energy and carbon capturing and storage options","authors":"Mohamad Ayoub,&nbsp;Ibrahim Dincer","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103683","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103683","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, a Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) and solar thermal driven trigeneration system for power, space heating, and freshwater production is developed and thermodynamically assessed. The novelty of this work includes the use of MSW composition listed for Ontario, as fuel feed to an air-Brayton cycle, as well as coupling a heat pump to it through water conduits, to carry out thermal desalination and space heating applications. Related calculations are carried out using corresponding mass, energy, entropy, and exergy balance equations of key system components, and Engineering Equation Solver (EES). The integrated heat pump utilizes R134a refrigerant and is driven by solar thermal collectors during periods when sunlight is available, and through sensible thermal energy storage otherwise. Under nominal operating conditions, an irradiance of 800 W/m² is considered, and the energy and exergy efficiencies of 37.43 % and 24.55 %, are achieved, respectively. Moreover, a coefficient of performance of 2.72 is obtained for the same operating conditions. For more location specific calculations, the solar profile for the Durham region in Ontario, Canada, is used and values are obtained as yearly averages for irradiance. This results in a variation of energy and exergy efficiencies across a diurnal operation, where they range between 52.56 % to 43.98 % and 35.67 % to 29.27 %, respectively. The thermal energy storage charging capacity ranges between 2,625 kWh to 12,985 kWh during the day, and results in a uniform discharge capacity of 6,297 kWh for periods of no sunlight where energy and exergy efficiencies are obtained to be 49.43 % and 33.3 %, respectively. The variation of the reference temperature is also considered where the exergy efficiency decreases from 24.55 % to 23.38 %, as the reference temperature increases from 296.15 K to 340 K for 800 W/m² irradiance. Finally, corresponding exergy destruction calculations are carried out to determine potential room for improvement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 103683"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance, emissions and thermodynamic analysis of hydrogen-enriched compressed natural gas engine","authors":"Muhammad Ihsan Shahid ,&nbsp;Muhammad Farhan ,&nbsp;Anas Rao ,&nbsp;Hamza Ahmad Salam ,&nbsp;Tianhao Chen ,&nbsp;Xin Li ,&nbsp;Fanhua Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103643","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103643","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen utilization as fuel in vehicle fleets would develop energy security and decrease greenhouse gas emissions. This current study examines the effect of various parameters under low load and low-speed conditions on a compressed natural gas (CNG) fueled spark ignition (SI) engine on stoichiometric operation. The experiment was directed to analyze the effect of different hydrogen ratios (0–50 %), exhaust gas circulation (EGR) ratios (0–20.6 %), and Spark timing (4–44 °CA bTDC) with a low load of 30 % and low speed (900–1100 rpm) under stoichiometric conditions. There are several parameters have been investigated as torque, brake thermal efficiency, NO_X, CO₂, CO, THC, CH₄, in-cylinder pressure–volume curves, mass fraction burns and thermodynamic analysis with heat transfer rate, brake power, friction power&amp; exhaust heat rate to calculate the suitability of a laboratory-based CNG SI engine. The peak torque is increased by 1.18 % with the count of HCNG20 in comparison to CNG fuel with 2°CA advancement in maximum brake torque. The maximum brake thermal efficiency increases by 3.17 % to increase 6 % exhaust gas recirculation and also 4°CA retard the maximum brake torque. Adding hydrogen fraction lessens CO₂, CO, THC and CH₄ emissions and decreases NOx by increasing the EGR. Thermodynamic analysis reveals that, the maximum brake power during the combustion of HCNG30 fuel is 35 % of total fuel energy with 14.8 % EGR at 32 °CA bTDC and the minimum exhaust heat rate during the combustion of HCNG10 fuel is 16 % of total fuel energy with 0 % EGR at 14 °CA bTDC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"63 ","pages":"Article 103643"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144098525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}