Thermal Science and Engineering Progress最新文献

{"title":"Adaptive pre-excitation control of high speed on/off valve for preserving the dynamic performance against temperature effects","authors":"Qi Zhong ,&nbsp;Yongxin Mao ,&nbsp;Enguang Xu ,&nbsp;Min Pan ,&nbsp;Junxian Wang ,&nbsp;Yangyang Che ,&nbsp;Huayong Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103783","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103783","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydraulic valve control systems are frequently utilized in automatic control systems, where high-speed on/off valves (HSVs) are common control components. The prolonged operation of HSVs inevitably leads to an increase in temperature, which affects their dynamic performance and reduces the reliability of the system. Consequently, an adaptive pre-excitation control algorithm (APECA) is proposed to enhance and maintain the dynamic performance of HSVs across varying temperatures. The variation of dynamic performance with rising temperature is studied both theoretically and experimentally. Subsequently, the pre-opening and pre-closing voltage of the APECA is optimized through current feedback, considering the changes in resistance due to rising temperatures. The dynamic performance of HSVs can be effectively improved while preserving their rapid performance and favorable flow characteristics. For a specific HSV, results indicate that with the APECA, the opening and closing delay times of the HSV are reduced from 1.38 ms to 0.21 ms and 7.7 ms to 0.09 ms, respectively, extending the controllable linear range of flow characteristics from 52 % to 87 %. Furthermore, from room temperature to the maximum thermal equilibrium temperature, the variation range of the total switching time and output flow is maintained within 0.01 ms (0.40 %) and 0.009 L/min (0.83 %), respectively. Therefore, the proposed APECA is effective in improving the response speed of the HSV and enhancing the robustness of the system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 103783"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144291687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Techno-economic optimization of solar adsorption cooling systems for rural health clinics in semi-arid climates","authors":"Mir Hamed Hakemzadeh ,&nbsp;Ali H.A. Al-Waeli ,&nbsp;Hussein A. Kazem ,&nbsp;Miqdam T. Chaichan ,&nbsp;Kamaruzzaman Sopian","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103771","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103771","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing demand for cooling can be met sustainably with solar energy, especially with absorption-based systems that combine economic viability with environmental advantages. With an emphasis on system optimization and the effectiveness of similar collectors, this study assesses how well solar absorption cooling technologies function in semi-arid climates. Using mathematical models to simulate energy dynamics and cost parameters, a technical and economic review was carried out. System behavior, including component interactions and convection patterns, was modeled using TRNSYS. Three goals were balanced using a multi-objective PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) method based on MATLAB: maximizing system profit (SPR), minimizing payback period (PBP), and minimizing primary energy consumption (Q_aux). Collector area, storage tank size, inclination angle, solar pump mass flow rate, and cooling fan airflow were important factors.</div><div>When compared to flat-plate collectors (FPCs), evacuated tube collectors (ETCs) showed higher operating efficiency, attaining comparable solar ratios while using less energy. In the semi-arid climate, both ETC and FPC perform similarly. However, research indicates that ETCs are generally more effective across various applications compared to FPCs. On average, the collector efficiency is 44 % and 33 %, while the useful energy gain is 445 and 331 kWh/m² for ETC and FPC, respectively. Obtained results indicated that the average reduction in CO₂ emission is 70 kg/m² for ETCs and 53 kg/m² for FPCs. Finally, findings from this study revealed that the techno-economic potential of solar thermal systems and solar adsorption cooling systems, including FPC, is the preferred option due to its lower cost in Erbil’s climatic conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 103771"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144291689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of concentration on the explosive reaction and mechanism of petroleum ether","authors":"Yueying Wang ,&nbsp;Yuan Chen ,&nbsp;Ting Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaoli Duan ,&nbsp;Suyue Li ,&nbsp;Shaoqian Cheng ,&nbsp;Bing Wang ,&nbsp;Jinhua Chen ,&nbsp;Xiaohong Zhou ,&nbsp;Weiguo Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103773","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103773","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Petroleum ether is a kind of light hydrocarbon product produced in the petroleum refining process, which is not only used as organic solvent but also used in the preparation of fuel air explosive (FAE). Although petroleum ether has a wide range of industrial uses, its hazards of fire and explosion have not been fully studied. This study employs experiments combined with reactive force field molecular dynamics simulation to investigate the explosion dynamics and microscopic reaction mechanisms of petroleum ether. The results showed that the speed of flame propagation, the maximum explosion pressure, and the explosion index increased and then decreased with increasing the concentration. In the C₆H₁₄ explosion process, C₆H₁₄ first reacts with O₂ to generate free radicals such as ·OH and ·HO₂ through H-abstraction. These free radicals constantly participate in the chain reaction, forming dominant reaction channels and driving the pressure to rise rapidly. When the concentration reached 250 g/m³, excess fuel and insufficient oxygen limited flame development in locally rich fuel areas. These findings establish quantitative guidelines for explosion risk mitigation and provide mechanistic insights for designing next-generation FAE, enabling optimized fuel loading to maximize blast overpressure while suppressing incomplete combustion risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 103773"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144280855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of oxygen and particle size on the oxidation-pyrolysis competition during coal char reburning: A thermogravimetric kinetic study","authors":"Liyang Ma ,&nbsp;Fei Wang ,&nbsp;Lan Zhang ,&nbsp;Haihui Xin ,&nbsp;Deming Wang ,&nbsp;Qiulin Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103747","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103747","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The parallel competitive mechanism involving oxidation-pyrolysis kinetics dominates in governing the combustion dynamics and propagation of coalfield fires through fluctuating oxygen concentration. This study proposed a four-lump reaction kinetic model for oxygen-lean coal char combustion involving 17 parameters to be optimized. The contributions of each sub-reaction to the kinetic rates and mass evolution during coal char oxygen-lean combustion was delineated and quantified based on resolving the thermogravimetric data. The influence of oxygen concentration and particle size on the kinetic reactivity within the oxidation-pyrolysis competitive mechanism was elucidated. The results indicated that the immediate oxidation of initial coal char active structure (R_β) consistently predominated across the entire oxygen-lean gradient, successively followed by coke oxidation (R_o), incompletely pyrolysis of initial coal char active structure (R_α) and condensation gasification reaction of semi-coke (R_p). As the oxygen concentration increased from 1 % to 13 %, the competitive coefficient <em>χ</em> decreased from 0.608 to 0.077, and the proportion of mass loss contributed by sub-reaction R_β rose from 42.32 % to 93.37 %. The ignition mechanism shifted from heterogeneous ignition to homogeneous ignition at a transitional oxygen concentration of 9 % oxygen, while the critical value for coal char to transition from slow smoldering to rapid combustion was determined as 3 %. The particle size gradient influenced the combustion reactivity of coal char with 306 μm serving as a critical threshold. This study offers critical insights into the kinetic mechanisms and advanced monitoring strategies essential for mitigating coalfield fire hazards, contributing to the development of more effective control and prevention methodologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 103747"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144289023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solar-assisted chemical looping gasification system for direct reduced iron production: System design and thermodynamic analysis","authors":"Danlin Shu ,&nbsp;Xiangxiang Chen ,&nbsp;Muhammad Aziz","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103755","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103755","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The iron and steel industry is a major source of global CO₂ emissions, necessitating the development of low-carbon ironmaking technologies. This study proposes a solar-assisted chemical looping gasification (CLG) system integrated with direct reduced iron (DRI) production (CLG-solar-DRI). Biomass-derived syngas serves as a reducing agent, while iron-based oxygen carriers facilitate chemical looping syngas production. Solar thermal energy compensates for the endothermic nature of gasification, ensuring an efficient heat supply. The generated syngas is fed into a shaft furnace for DRI production, and CO₂ is captured through an MEA absorption unit. A comprehensive thermodynamic analysis was conducted to evaluate system performance, including detailed energy and exergy distribution, specific energy consumption, and environmental impacts. Simulation results show that the system achieves an energy efficiency of 60.35 %, an exergy efficiency of 43.2 %, and a metallization rate of 93.78 %. The specific energy consumption is estimated at 3537.31 kWh/t-DRI. Additionally, sensitivity analyses on key design parameters (e.g., syngas split ratio and solar heat input) and integration of solar-driven thermal storage further demonstrate the technical viability of the system. The proposed CLG-solar-DRI configuration presents a feasible pathway for renewable-driven, low-carbon steel production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 103755"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144291688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategic management approaches for developing sustainable renewable heat supply in local communities: A case study","authors":"Edvard Košnjek ,&nbsp;Boris Sučić ,&nbsp;Fouad Al-Mansour ,&nbsp;Aleksandar Kavgić","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103763","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103763","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The importance of local sustainable energy projects in the transition to a climate-neutral society is widely recognised, yet strategic planning at the local level often lacks structure and consistency. This paper presents an integrated methodology combining established strategic management tools—such as SWOT analysis, multi-criteria decision-making methods for prioritising factors and strategies, and strategic formulation matrices—to develop and implement sustainable development strategies in the energy sector. The seven-step process includes defining the national sustainable development framework, identifying strategic orientations, assessing local conditions, evaluating the relevance of key factors, formulating strategies, and determining performance indicators. The method was tested through the development of 36 strategies for a Slovenian municipality, with three top-ranked strategies implemented as pilot cases. For the proposed woodchip-based combined heat and power system, the economic analysis indicated a net present value of €144,134 and an internal rate of return of 7.2%, which exceeds the weighted average cost of capital of 5.0%. In the second case, the utilisation of excess heat from industrial processes in the district heating system suggested potential annual savings of over €2.4 million, with an estimated return on investment within five years, assuming partial public co-financing. These findings confirm the practical applicability of the proposed approach and its usefulness in supporting local authorities in the development of effective and economically viable strategies for the energy transition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 103763"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144272402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive experimental investigation on the performance of a direct spray tower for water evaporation","authors":"Zhenpeng Deng,&nbsp;Hua Chen,&nbsp;Shuo Wang,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Shen,&nbsp;Wen-long Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103762","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103762","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Evaporative cooling is a widely applied cooling and humidification method. This study designed and constructed a direct spray tower based on pressure swirl nozzles, which generate sprays with a particle size range of 36 – 44 μm to enhance water evaporation. The experimental parameters included water flow rate, inlet air temperature, inlet air humidity and air velocity. The effect of the operating conditions on spray tower performance parameters, including outlet air temperature, humidity, humidification capacity, humidification efficiency, saturation efficiency and energy efficiency ratios was comprehensively investigated experimentally. The results show that the humidification efficiency depends on both the spray pattern and the water flow rate, reaching a maximum value of 55 %. Reducing inlet humidity from 47 % to 12 % enhances humidification capacity by 53.2 %. Cooling energy efficiency ratio and humidification energy efficiency ratio increase in inlet air temperature and decrease in air velocity and inlet air humidity. Finally, Correlation equations proposed based on experimental data predict outlet temperature and saturation efficiency within ±10 % and ±15 % errors for 98.9 % and 96.7 % of data, respectively. It provides a reference for the design of spray towers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 103762"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144272403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing heat transfer in circular heat exchanger with hybrid nanofluid using response surface methodology","authors":"R.M. Ziaur ,&nbsp;M.H. Surovy ,&nbsp;M.Al- Amin ,&nbsp;A.K. Azad ,&nbsp;M.K. Das ,&nbsp;M.S.R. Chowdhury ,&nbsp;M.M. Rahman","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103766","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103766","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There has been a lot of research on natural convection, but not much on the effects of magnetic fields, radiation, and hybrid nanofluids in circular spaces. That’s why this study uses advanced computational and statistical methods to improve heat transfer performance. The goal of this study is to look into the sensitivity regarding a free convection in a round cavity with a magnetic field along with radiation effect. This cavity also contains four different shapes of heated obstacles, submerged within a hybrid nanofluid. Sensitivity analysis was performed using response surface methodology (RSM) which is conducted by Minitab software, while computational simulations are conducted using the Galerkin weighted residual method based on Finite Element Method (FEM) by COMSOL Multiphysics. This study examines the impacts of four nondimensional variables: <em>Ra</em>, <em>Rd</em>, <em>Ha</em>, also <em>ϕ_np</em>. An upward trend was identified at the numerical level between the <em>Nu_av</em> with <em>Ra and Rd</em>, although a declining trend is present with <em>Ha</em>. Moreover, <em>Nu_av</em> increases by almost a three and half times (342.53%) when <em>Ra</em> increases from 10³ to 10⁶ and increases 100.80% when <em>Rd</em> parameter increases from 0 to 1. On the other hand, <em>Nu_av</em> decreases by 36.31% while <em>Ha</em> rises 0 to 40. The statistical analysis of the existing model and testing methodologies indicates that the <em>R²</em> values for the response function are elevated. (99.19%), confirming that this model is suitable for evaluating <em>Nu_av</em>. The results of this study will be benefited for the researchers, designers and academicians in the field of thermal energy storage systems, advanced electronic cooling technologies, and design optimization of solar collectors using hybrid nanofluids under MHD and radiation influences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 103766"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144280846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermodynamic, techno-economic and environmental analysis with multi-objective optimization of an integrated solar-driven CAES unit with biofuel-driven gas turbine","authors":"Jalal Alsarraf,&nbsp;Abdulwahab A. Alnaqi,&nbsp;Abdullah A.A.A. Al-Rashed","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103764","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103764","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present paper aims at development of a hybrid biomass-solar driven power generation plant based on biofuel-fired (using biomass gasification) gas turbine. Considering the limited biomass resources, the solar energy is used to provide required compressed air for the gas turbine unit via integration with Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) system which leads to reduced biomass usage and decreased CO₂ emissions. Such a hybrid plant fulfills the intermittent nature of solar energy and the shortage of biomass resources. A gasification reactor is applied to convert solid biomass into gaseous bio-fuel to be combusted in the gas turbine. The feasibility analysis of developed hybrid configuration is carried out using the first and second thermodynamic laws. Then, environmental and economic considerations were taken into account in order to examine the hybrid plant performance. Parametric analyses are implemented to inspect key design parameters of the plant prior to multi-criteria optimization based on total system costs and exergy efficiency. The results indicated an interesting feature of solar energy incorporation. It is found that, if the solar energy share in hybrid plant is increased the produced power cost would be decreased, despite increased total capital costs. Under the optimal operation obtained via multi-criteria optimization, the hybrid plant achieves exergy efficiency of 39.60% with 45.21 $/h total system cost rate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 103764"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144280856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on transformation characteristics and oxidation kinetics of coal spontaneous combustion induced by thermal radiation","authors":"Yutao Zhang ,&nbsp;Qiang Guo ,&nbsp;Yuanbo Zhang ,&nbsp;Jun Deng ,&nbsp;Yaqing Li ,&nbsp;Haochen Li","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103767","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103767","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To investigate the thermal radiation effects on coal spontaneous combustion characteristics, this study conducted systematic experiments using a Laser Flash Apparatus and a self-built experimental platform for thermal radiation induction. The research systematically analyzed variations in multiple parameters including temperature, mass loss, gas emissions, surface morphology, and apparent activation energy of coal samples with distinct particle sizes under varying radiation intensities. The results demonstrated that the spontaneous combustion characteristics of coal depend on radiation temperature and particle size parameters. Under the combined effects of these factors, the time required to reach the maximum temperature point was reduced, accompanied by accelerating heating rates and increased mass loss. Furthermore, the oxygen adsorption capacity of coal was significantly enhanced, leading to a rapid increase in CO emission. Additionally, the surface layer of coal samples exhibited progressively severe drying, cracking, and collapsing phenomena. When the radiation temperature reached 250℃ with a coal particle size of 0.6 mm, the apparent activation energy is 18.8063 kJ·mol⁻¹, accompanied by a pronounced change in the oxidation state of the coal. These findings hold significant implications for advancing the understanding of radiation-induced ignition mechanisms in adjacent coal within sealed fire zones and for the development of effective preventive measures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 103767"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144289024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}