Thermal Science and Engineering Progress最新文献

{"title":"Thermodynamic, techno-economic and environmental analysis with multi-objective optimization of an integrated solar-driven CAES unit with biofuel-driven gas turbine","authors":"Jalal Alsarraf,&nbsp;Abdulwahab A. Alnaqi,&nbsp;Abdullah A.A.A. Al-Rashed","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103764","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103764","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present paper aims at development of a hybrid biomass-solar driven power generation plant based on biofuel-fired (using biomass gasification) gas turbine. Considering the limited biomass resources, the solar energy is used to provide required compressed air for the gas turbine unit via integration with Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) system which leads to reduced biomass usage and decreased CO₂ emissions. Such a hybrid plant fulfills the intermittent nature of solar energy and the shortage of biomass resources. A gasification reactor is applied to convert solid biomass into gaseous bio-fuel to be combusted in the gas turbine. The feasibility analysis of developed hybrid configuration is carried out using the first and second thermodynamic laws. Then, environmental and economic considerations were taken into account in order to examine the hybrid plant performance. Parametric analyses are implemented to inspect key design parameters of the plant prior to multi-criteria optimization based on total system costs and exergy efficiency. The results indicated an interesting feature of solar energy incorporation. It is found that, if the solar energy share in hybrid plant is increased the produced power cost would be decreased, despite increased total capital costs. Under the optimal operation obtained via multi-criteria optimization, the hybrid plant achieves exergy efficiency of 39.60% with 45.21 $/h total system cost rate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 103764"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144280856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on transformation characteristics and oxidation kinetics of coal spontaneous combustion induced by thermal radiation","authors":"Yutao Zhang ,&nbsp;Qiang Guo ,&nbsp;Yuanbo Zhang ,&nbsp;Jun Deng ,&nbsp;Yaqing Li ,&nbsp;Haochen Li","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103767","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103767","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To investigate the thermal radiation effects on coal spontaneous combustion characteristics, this study conducted systematic experiments using a Laser Flash Apparatus and a self-built experimental platform for thermal radiation induction. The research systematically analyzed variations in multiple parameters including temperature, mass loss, gas emissions, surface morphology, and apparent activation energy of coal samples with distinct particle sizes under varying radiation intensities. The results demonstrated that the spontaneous combustion characteristics of coal depend on radiation temperature and particle size parameters. Under the combined effects of these factors, the time required to reach the maximum temperature point was reduced, accompanied by accelerating heating rates and increased mass loss. Furthermore, the oxygen adsorption capacity of coal was significantly enhanced, leading to a rapid increase in CO emission. Additionally, the surface layer of coal samples exhibited progressively severe drying, cracking, and collapsing phenomena. When the radiation temperature reached 250℃ with a coal particle size of 0.6 mm, the apparent activation energy is 18.8063 kJ·mol⁻¹, accompanied by a pronounced change in the oxidation state of the coal. These findings hold significant implications for advancing the understanding of radiation-induced ignition mechanisms in adjacent coal within sealed fire zones and for the development of effective preventive measures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 103767"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144289024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pyrolysis and smoldering cracking of beech wood under varied ambient pressures and low irradiation","authors":"Huixuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhiran Zhang ,&nbsp;Pengfei Ding ,&nbsp;Supan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103759","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103759","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wood is a common combustible in fires. The shrinkage, deformation, and cracking of the wood affect their smoldering and flaming dynamics, but the scientific understanding is still limited. A low-pressure chamber was used to study the pyrolysis and cracking behavior of disc-shaped wood samples (60 mm in diameter and 20 mm in thickness) using parallel and perpendicular cutting methods. Experiments were conducted under air and nitrogen conditions at ambient pressure of 5, 30, 60, 90, and 120 kPa. Results show that the parallel-cut samples exhibited small-area cracks and delamination failure in the wood slices. In contrast, the perpendicular-cut samples showed the crack that developed downward into serrated or stepped morphologies, characterized by one or several large cracks accompanied by numerous minor ones. Under a nitrogen atmosphere, the wood cracking time increases nearly linearly with pressure, while the number of cracks decreases correspondingly. A critical cracking pressure is identified under specific heating conditions. In an air atmosphere, elevated pressure influences cracking through two distinct mechanisms. First, by enhancing convective heat transfer which increases heat loss through the increased molecular density, and second by amplifying oxygen supply, which intensifies sample smoldering and affects the temperature gradient. The cracking time and behavior remain almost consistent as the pressure increases. This confirms that the cracking behavior shows a strong similarity to the temperature difference. This study strengthens the understanding of wood pyrolysis and smoldering cracking to provide a scientific basis for fire safety design in high-rise timber structures, aircraft cabins, and similar applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 103759"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144291690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study on the transport characteristics of high-temperature spattered metal particles generated in manual spot welding operations","authors":"Xiaoqiang Ding ,&nbsp;Jinhui Wang ,&nbsp;Xiangliang Tian ,&nbsp;Fubao Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103761","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103761","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The hot spatter particles generated in hot work operations pose a significant fire hazard to the surrounding flammable materials in industrial buildings. Understanding the transport characteristics of spatter particles is essential for assessing their potential to ignite flammable materials. An image motion tracking method is developed to investigate the transport characteristics during shield metal arc welding, focusing on particle trajectory, velocity, size, and distribution. The results indicate that the horizontal direction of most spatter particles is opposite to the welding direction. Smaller particles tend to be transported in the direction of the steam plume movement, while larger particles exhibit a bimodal peak in their spatter angle. Furthermore, it is found that spatter velocity increases with both welding speed and power, whereas the spatter angle decreases with an increase in welding height and angle. The spatter velocity of particles with various sizes displayed a consistent trend, characterized by an initial slow decline followed by a surge. The velocity of a particle is negatively correlated with its size, while temperature was positively correlated with particle size. The validation results fell within ±15 %. These findings provide valuable theoretical insights for evaluating fire risks associated with hot work operations and for developing on-site safety protection regulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 103761"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144280901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Searching the optimal process parameters via heat and mass transfer study of thin slab continuous casting process: a coupled mathematical approach","authors":"Xuexia Song ,&nbsp;Jingzhou Lu ,&nbsp;Wanlin Wang ,&nbsp;Kun Dou","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103757","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103757","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thin slab continuous casting and rolling technology is the future development direction of China’s steel industry under the dual-carbon context. This study analyzes the heat transfer, fluid flow, and solidification processes of thin slab casting using multi-physical field coupling method. The influence of different casting speeds (0.063 m/s, 0.075 m/s and 0.083 m/s) and superheat (20°C, 30°C and 40°C) on the solidification process of thin slabs was studied. Key process parameters are adjusted to simulate and predict the formation of the final solidification structure. Both macroscopic physical fields and mesoscopic microstructures are simulated and analyzed, with comparisons made to actual production data to verify the model’s accuracy. A crack index (MS) is introduced to indicate the likelihood of crack formation. The experimental results show that higher casting speeds lead to lower superheat, larger equiaxed crystal ratio, and better slab quality. As the MS value increases, the likelihood of crack occurrence also increases. Based on the findings, the optimal process parameters in this study are a casting speed of 0.075 m/s and a superheat of 30°C. These results lay the foundation for further research and provide theoretical guidance for practical production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"63 ","pages":"Article 103757"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144239948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improve thermal efficiency and reduce NOx emission of circulating fluidized bed boiler based on multi-objective optimization framework","authors":"Yunpeng Ma ,&nbsp;Meng Li ,&nbsp;Mengqian Wang ,&nbsp;Chenheng Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103753","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103753","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Circulating Fluidized Bed Boilers (CFBBs) are widely used in thermal power generation to generate electricity. However, how to enhance thermal efficiency and reduce NOx emissions of the CFBB that needs to be solved urgently. It is regarded as a dynamic multi-objective optimization problem. In order to solve the problem, this paper proposes a Multi-objective Optimization Framework, which incorporates Copula Entropy (CE), Weighted Fusion Tree Model (WFTM) and Multi-objective Tree-Structured Parzen Estimator (MTPE). First, CE is used to build a knowledge base via boiler operation data. Second, the WFTM is proposed to establish a predictive feature model. Finally, MTPE is employed, leveraging both the knowledge base and feature model, to optimize controllable parameters of the CFBB. Experimental results reveal that the framework effectively enhances thermal efficiency, achieving a maximum improvement of 0.62 %, and reduces NOx emission up to 78.69 mg/Nm³. Each optimization iteration takes less than 2 s, validating the framework’s real-time capability. Therefore, the proposed framework provides a robust solution for optimizing complex and dynamic systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 103753"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144239504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal response analysis of aluminum matrix composite brake Discs: Numerical and experimental study with pad geometry Considerations","authors":"Youjie Chen,&nbsp;Qi Xie,&nbsp;Junjie Zhang,&nbsp;Chenggang He,&nbsp;Qunxu Lin,&nbsp;Peng Li,&nbsp;Jihua Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103754","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103754","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the thermal distribution in railway disc brakes with respect to brake pad geometry is crucial for train safety. However, aluminum matrix brake discs with low density and high thermal conductivity have received little attention. Therefore, thermo-mechanical coupling models incorporating aluminum matrix composite brake discs with three distinct brake pad geometries (circular, perforated, and irregular configurations) are established to investigate the thermal response characteristics under varying pad geometries. The numerical models were experimentally validated at the initial braking speed (IBS) of 60–160 km/h. Results reveal that the simulated and measured brake disc temperature fields display acceptable consistency, with a deviation of 1–12 % in the peak temperature. Relative to circular brake pad, the brake disc peak temperature of perforated pad is 1–4 °C higher, while that of the irregular pad is almost identical at 60–160 km/h. The impact of brake pad geometry on the thermal distribution on the disc is reflected in the initiation time, initiation position and area ratio of high-temperature zone, which results from the difference in the friction arc distribution caused by the pad geometry. Meanwhile, the high friction speed intensifies the effect of friction arc on the braking temperature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"63 ","pages":"Article 103754"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144239949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The boiling/condensation heat transfer performances of the tube with hybrid hydrophilic-hydrophobic pattern and two layers of fin","authors":"Xiaoming Feng ,&nbsp;Zhenping Wan ,&nbsp;Xiaowu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103752","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103752","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>More and more interests are paid to the heat transfer tube that can enhance boiling/condensation heat transfers simultaneously. This study suggests to take advantage of the Hydrophilic-Hydrophobe surface treatment to improve the boiling/condensation heat transfers of the stepped-finned tube further. Four kinds of Hydrophilic-Hydrophobe surface treatment are considerated. It is found that compared with the stepped-finned tube with no Hydrophilic-Hydrophobe surface treatment, the stepped-finned tube which has exophilic/endohydrophobic surface can present 80 % boiling heat transfer enhancement rate and 120 % condensation heat transfer enhancement rate. For the boiling heat transfer, both the stepped-finned structure and the exophilic/endohydrophobic surface pattern contribute to the enhanced heat transfer of this tube. The endohydrophobic wettability reduces the nuclear energy barrier of the interfacial system and the stepped fins in the inner structure prevent the bubble coalescence. For the condensation heat transfer, the heat transfer performance of this tube is mainly enhanceded by the Hydrophilic-Hydrophobe surface pattern and the spiral fin. The external hydrophilicity decreases the nuclear energy barrier hereby lots of droplets are produced on the top surface of the spiral fin. Some condensates also form a Cassie state condensation in the groove. In the inner structure, the droplet jumping produced by the droplet coalescence may help the droplet leave the surface of the groove more rapidly.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"63 ","pages":"Article 103752"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144221780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental demonstration of the application of packed bed chemical looping (unmixed) combustion for generating hot liquid utility streams","authors":"Amina Faizal,&nbsp;Amol Deshpande","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103746","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103746","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this work is to experimentally demonstrate the application of packed bed chemical looping (unmixed) combustion (PBCLC/UMC) as a potential and effective alternative to premixed combustion for heating liquids. Hot liquids like water, thermic fluids and oil are typically used as hot utility streams apart from steam in many industries. The existing premixed combustion process has issues like NO_X formation, difficulty in CO₂ separation and requirement of high temperature which can be addressed by replacing it with PBCLC. In PBCLC, the fuel and air react cyclically with oxygen storage and release material (OSRM) loaded in the packed bed reactor (PBR), releasing heat and producing pure CO₂. In earlier studies, the application of PBCLC for heating air was successfully demonstrated but this system was incompatible with heating liquids as maintaining desired temperatures in the bed was not possible for all feasible conditions. Recent literature related to modifying the design of such systems and corresponding modeling studies has theoretically confirmed the possibility of developing a feasible PBCLC based liquid heating system. With this as a basis, PBCLC based experimental test rig for heating water as a representative liquid was designed and fabricated. Experimental studies were carried out using Cu based OSRM for heating water flowing in the laminar range. The results showed that for the considered cases, 68–76 % of the heat generated in the bed could be radially transferred continuously while having bed temperatures within the desired range (&gt;823 K), which confirms its feasible operation. The practical ranges of the operating parameters were determined. The OSRM and reactor material were found to be thermally and mechanically stable for more than 500 h of continuous operation. Coke formation was not an issue. These results thus form a strong basis for designing and developing pilot/industrial scale PBCLC based liquid heating (hot utility) or steam boiler systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"63 ","pages":"Article 103746"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144239950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental insights into ultrasonic field influence on PCM melting and solidification at constant temperature boundaries","authors":"Amin Shahsavar,&nbsp;Maziar Moradvandi,&nbsp;Mahan Hasani","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103748","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103748","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effect of varying wall temperature on the influence of an ultrasonic field on the melting and freezing characteristics of a phase change material (PCM) is experimentally investigated in this study. A PCM with a melting temperature of 58.29 °C is placed inside a copper box with an ultrasonic transducer of 100 W positioned beneath it. During the melting tests, the temperature of the side walls is controlled within the range of 60-90°C, while for the freezing tests, it is maintained steadily between 10 and 40°C. Photos recorded with thermal and digital cameras are used to analyze the results. In the melting tests, it was found that an increase in wall temperature corresponds to a decrease in the efficiency of the ultrasonic field. While a wall temperature of 60°C resulted in a 26.15 % reduction in the PCM melting time with the application of the ultrasonic field, this reduction decreased to 10.26 % at a wall temperature of 90°C. In the solidification tests, it was established that applying an ultrasonic field reduces solidification time only at a temperature of 10°C (by 7.45 %), while at other temperatures, the solidification time increases with the application of the ultrasonic field, which is an unfavorable outcome.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"63 ","pages":"Article 103748"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144231267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}