The Scientific World Journal最新文献

{"title":"Synergies of Quorum Sensing and Biofilm Dynamics in the Bioremediation of Emerging Medical Organic Pollutants.","authors":"Yohannes Tsegay Teklay","doi":"10.1155/tswj/5568616","DOIUrl":"10.1155/tswj/5568616","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Emerging organic pollutants in medical waste present significant environmental challenges. Bioremediation is an eco-friendly and cost-effective solution, leveraging natural processes to effectively mitigate these risks. So, this review aims to discuss the role of microbial biofilm and quorum sensing in the bioremediation of these pollutants, with a special focus on their mechanism of action, application, and potential. The review begins with an overview of emerging organic pollutants, the importance of bioremediation, the basics of quorum sensing, and its significance in a microbial consortium. Key findings indicate that technological applications such as engineered biofilm bioreactors, electroactive biofilms in microbial fuel cells, co-culture systems, and genetic engineering of QS pathways significantly accelerate pollutant mitigation compared to traditional methods. For instance, specific case studies (e.g., Pseudomonas aeruginosa in pharmaceutical degradation) demonstrate the efficacy of QS-mediated metabolic control. A key conclusion is that leveraging these integrated QS-biofilm systems can surpass conventional waste degradation approaches. However, limitations include the difficulty of scaling up laboratory nanobioremediation systems and the complexity of interspecies signaling in real-world applications. Future research bottlenecks must prioritize investigating the stability of QS signals within complex wastewater matrices impacted by variables like pH and indigenous quorum-quenching microorganisms and developing precise biofilm control strategies through QS manipulation to optimize architecture for targeted degradation. Bridging these gaps through real-scale validation is essential to transition these promising laboratory-scale technologies into practical environmental applications. This review serves as a benchmark for developing immediate, bio-based solutions to mitigate the risks posed by EMOPs.</p>","PeriodicalId":22985,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific World Journal","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e5568616"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13125863/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147781903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Color Vision Deficiency (CVD) Among University Students in Bangladesh and Its Impact on Learning and Daily Activities.","authors":"Mohammad Tawhid Reaz, Sayam Sayam, Md Nahid, Morakinyo Dada, Mohammad Abbas Uddin","doi":"10.1155/tswj/7640106","DOIUrl":"10.1155/tswj/7640106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Color vision deficiency (CVD) is a common inherited visual disorder that can interfere with academic tasks and daily activities that rely on accurate color discrimination. Despite its potential educational and occupational implications, data on CVD prevalence and functional impact among university students in Bangladesh remain limited.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of CVD among university students in Dhaka, Bangladesh, and describing patterns of learning-related and daily-life difficulties among affected students.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1207 students from two universities in Dhaka. Color vision was assessed using the Ishihara pseudoisochromatic plates under standardized lighting conditions to identify red-green CVD. Students diagnosed with CVD completed a structured questionnaire evaluating difficulties in academic tasks, digital media use, and daily activities. Descriptive statistics were used to estimate prevalence, while factor analysis was applied to examine patterns of difficulties associated with impaired color perception.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 33 students (2.7%) were identified with CVD. All affected participants were male, corresponding to a prevalence of 3.4% among male students, while no cases were observed among females. Students with CVD reported notable difficulties in educational activities involving color-coded learning materials, multimedia content, and object recognition in daily life. These findings highlight reported patterns of challenges in both learning-related and practical tasks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CVD affects a notable proportion of male university students in Bangladesh and is associated with meaningful academic and daily-life challenges. Early screening and increased awareness may help reduce these difficulties and support informed academic and career-related decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":22985,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific World Journal","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e7640106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148101900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hot Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Fusarium Wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. capsici) Distribution, Epidemiology, and Management Methods in Ethiopia.","authors":"Ermias Misganaw Amare","doi":"10.1155/tswj/3010436","DOIUrl":"10.1155/tswj/3010436","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is an important cash crop and dietary staple in Ethiopia, providing essential income for smallholder farmers and vital nutrients. However, pepper production is severely constrained by a devastating soil-borne fungal disease, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. capsici. It is the fifth most economically important fungal phytopathogen. In Ethiopia, wilt-causing fungal pathogens were reported to be the leading problem of pepper crops, causing huge yield losses. Warm and humid conditions prevalent in major pepper-growing regions, such as Amhara, Oromia, and the South, are highly conducive to the disease. The pathogen's longevity in the soil and ability to spread via infected seeds, seedlings, tools, and irrigation water make it a persistent threat. The pathogen has shown a significant variation in disease severity across and within the major pepper-growing regions. In the Amhara region, a severity of 70% in Jabi Tehena district and a severity of 15% in Guagusa Shekudad district were documented. Similarly, in the southern region, pepper Fusarium wilt disease incidence reached 91% in Alaba district and 79% in Meskan district. In the Oromia region, incidence was recorded at 50% in Dugda district and 19% in Adami Tullu district. In the Assosa and Kamashi Zones, it reached up to 50%. These observed variations in pepper Fusarium wilt disease severity are attributed to various biophysical factors such as agroecological differences, cropping systems, seed sources, disease management methods, and agronomic practices. These disease-causing factors highlight the need to develop holistic disease management practices. F. oxysporum management is challenging due to the pathogen's genetic diversity, limited research activity, and poor extension services. Therefore, this review is aimed at synthesizing the current status, pathogen ecology, epidemiology, and management strategies of pepper Fusarium wilt disease in Ethiopia.</p>","PeriodicalId":22985,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific World Journal","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e3010436"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13470026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148723683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glomerular Crescents in Adult Lupus Nephritis: Clinical and Pathological Insights From Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Salem H Al-Qurashi, Muhammad Abdul Mabood Khalil, Hinda Hassan Khideer Mahmood, Fadel A Alrowaie, Abdullah Mohammed Almansour, Rayan Mohammed H Alghamdi, Lama Saleh Alghamdi, Maram Majid Alsharif, Rawan Ahmed Alghamdi, Ammar Elgadi, Nihal Mohammed Sadagah","doi":"10.1155/tswj/1894247","DOIUrl":"10.1155/tswj/1894247","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Crescent formation is a marker of severe kidney injury in lupus nephritis (LN), but data from Saudi Arabia are scarce. We studied how crescents affect clinical features, pathology, and outcomes in Saudi patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We reviewed 100 adults with biopsy-proven LN (2003-2024), classifying them by the presence and type of crescents (cellular, fibrocellular, fibrous). Crescent burden was calculated as the percentage of glomeruli involved; ≥ 7.39% was considered high. The composite renal outcome included estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 20 mL/min/1.73 m², ≥ 20% decline in eGFR, doubling of serum creatinine, or dialysis or transplant. Outcomes were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariable Cox regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 100 patients with LN, 41 (41%) had crescents. Those with crescents had lower eGFR (71.41 ± 43.92 vs. 100.12 ± 45.63 mL/min/1.73 m², p = 0.002), lower albumin (25.51 ± 6.17 vs. 29.81 ± 7.56 g/L, p = 0.004), and higher activity scores (7.93 ± 3.05 vs. 2.27 ± 2.33, p < 0.001) than non-crescent patients; chronicity scores were similar. Kaplan-Meier curves suggested that patients with high crescent burden (≥ 7.39%) had worse event-free survival, but crescent burden was not an independent predictor. Instead, older age, higher baseline creatinine, elevated CRP, and fibrous crescents were linked to worse outcomes. Treatment response did not differ by crescent burden (p = 0.294).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Crescents indicate more active disease and worse kidney function at diagnosis. While a high crescent burden may signal poorer short-term outcomes, long-term prognosis depends more on other clinical and pathological factors. Assessing both clinical presentation and biopsy findings is important for managing LN.</p>","PeriodicalId":22985,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific World Journal","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e1894247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13417716/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148607620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Environmental Performance for Green Building Projects: Assessment Study due to the Applicability of Industry 4.0 Technologies.","authors":"Ismail W R Taifa, Omari Mperella","doi":"10.1155/tswj/4976856","DOIUrl":"10.1155/tswj/4976856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The construction industry is embracing Industry 4.0 (I4.0) to improve environmental performance. This study thus evaluated the application of I4.0 on certified green buildings (GBs) projects. The study determined awareness level of I4.0 technologies on GBs, identified factors influencing I4.0 application, and proposed strategies for enhancing GBs' environmental performance. The results of the awareness assessment showed that, among all I4.0 technologies, artificial intelligence (AI) was the most well-understood. GBs apply some I4.0 technologies, including AI, Internet of Things, and cloud computing, and the awareness level for most I4.0-related technologies was found to be high, ranging from 2.68 to 4.68 (for the scale of 1-5). The awareness level of the GBs' principles was assessed, and the result showed that respondents were completely aware of two principles: energy efficiency and waste reduction. The overall mean score for the principles of GBs was 4.06, indicating a high level of awareness. The study also assessed the challenges of implementing I4.0, and noncritical challenges were a lack of standardization and certification, culture and aesthetics, client demands, and regulation and policy. The R-value was 0.723, indicating a high correlation. The R² = 0.523 shows how much the predictor variables technology, top management commitment, staff skills, infrastructure, financial arrangement, and operational control factor can account for the variation in the environmental performance. Consequently, the study found perception-based projections rather than outcomes verified through objective measurements that the I4.0 technologies are projected to enhance energy efficiency (15%-25%), water conservation (≥ 20%), improve indoor environmental quality, improve material selection and lead to waste reduction. Therefore, I4.0 technologies can enhance GBs' performance by enabling real-time monitoring and data-driven optimization. I4.0 facilitates energy and resource management through smart systems, extends system lifecycles via predictive maintenance, and supports better environmental impact assessments in construction design. Despite challenges like high costs and cybersecurity risks, I4.0 technologies apply to both new and existing buildings, enabling dynamic, evidence-based decision-making that significantly improves environmental metrics and operational efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":22985,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific World Journal","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e4976856"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13373703/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148456897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnitude of Additional Meal Consumption and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care at Aleta Wondo Primary Hospital, Sidama Region, Ethiopia.","authors":"Amelo Bolka, Temesgen Tesfaye","doi":"10.1155/tswj/9232431","DOIUrl":"10.1155/tswj/9232431","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pregnancy increases nutrient requirements, making additional meal consumption essential for maternal and fetal health. However, although maternal nutrition studies in Ethiopia have largely focused on dietary diversity, evidence on additional meal consumption remains limited. This study is aimed at determining the magnitude of additional meal consumption and its associated factors among pregnant women receiving antenatal care (ANC) at Aleta Wondo Primary Hospital in the Sidama Region, Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 407 pregnant women from December 2023 to February 2024. Participants were selected using systematic random sampling. Data were collected using a structured, pretested questionnaire. Additional meal consumption was defined as consuming at least one extra meal per day beyond the regular three meals (breakfast, lunch, and dinner). Factors associated with additional meal consumption were analyzed using logistic regression models, and the results were presented as adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The magnitude of additional meal consumption among pregnant women was 60.4% (95% CI: 55.6%-65.1%). Lower odds of consumption were observed among women with no formal education (AOR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.10-0.66), those earning ≤ 3000 Ethiopian Birr (AOR = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.13-0.61), and those earning 3001-6000 Birr (AOR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.17-0.86), corresponding to 74%, 72%, and 62% reductions, respectively, compared with their counterparts. Higher odds were observed among women without fear of weight gain (AOR = 3.55, 95% CI: 1.81-6.96), those with planned pregnancies (AOR = 3.23, 95% CI: 1.67-6.25), urban residents (AOR = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.27-3.88), and those from food-secure households (AOR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.11-3.12).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The magnitude of additional meal consumption was 60.4%. The factors associated with additional meal consumption included educational status, place of residence, pregnancy planning, fear of weight gain, monthly household income, and household food security status. Integrating maternal nutrition into poverty alleviation and food security programs, as well as promoting community awareness of optimal dietary practices, is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":22985,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific World Journal","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e9232431"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13552362/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148907235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antidiabetic and Hepatorenal Protective Effects of Annona reticulata Linn. Leaf Extract Alone and in Combination With Glibenclamide in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats.","authors":"Tasnia Binte Bari Kabbo, Fahim Shahrier Rahman, Md Sohel Rana, Pritesh Ranjan Dash","doi":"10.1155/tswj/2052797","DOIUrl":"10.1155/tswj/2052797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The pharmacological properties of Annona reticulata Linn. (Annonaceae) leaves, as reported by some tribal tribes, were investigated in this study. The antidiabetic and liver-renal protective potentials of methanolic leaf fraction and its combination with glibenclamide were evaluated in rats having alloxan-induced diabetes at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight; demonstrated notable antidiabetic potential which was dose-dependent. Following 21 days course of treatment, methanol leaf fraction (400 mg/kg) and combination of extract (200 mg/kg) along with glibenclamide (2.5 mg/kg) exhibited fasting blood glucose levels of 5.25 ± 0.06 mmol/L and 6.02 ± 0.07 mmol/L; whereas standard drug glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) showed fasting blood glucose level of 5.91 ± 0.09 mmol/L. Furthermore, the diabetic rats in extract group (400 mg/kg dosage) and in combination group showed body weight reduction values of 14.67 and 16.5 gm; which was lower than the value obtained group of rats treated with glibenclamide alone (21.83 gm). Additionally, the extract and its combination with glibenclamide were found to have significant protective impacts on the kidney and liver (p < 0.001) and to aid in the maintenance of lipid profile even in the presence of diabetes; these effects were comparable with the outcomes obtained from standard drug. Although diabetic rats demonstrated elevated liver and kidney markers levels, the groups of mice treated with methanolic leaf extract at both 200 and 400 mg/kg dosages exhibited notable maintenance of both liver and kidney markers levels. Furthermore, combination of methanol extract and glibenclamide showed serum ALT, AST, bilirubin and creatinine, BUN values of 15.20 ± 1.58 IU/L, 10.73 ± 0.45 IU/L, 3.60 ± 0.22  μmol/L; and 0.73 ± 0.03 mg/dL, 18.13 ± 2.13 mg/dL (p < 0.001); which were markedly lower than the values obtained from diabetic control rats. Moreover, both methanolic leaf extract and standard drug glibenclamide as well as their combination exhibited beneficial effect in the maintenance of serum TC, TG, LDL, and HDL levels. Methanolic extract at 400 mg/kg dosage and the combination demonstrated serum TC, TG, LDL, and HDL values of 84.33 ± 3.00 mg/dL, 62.32 ± 3.13 mg/dL, 42.67 ± 3.01 mg/dL, 37.43 ± 6.47 mg/dL; and 80.43 ± 3.53 mg/dL, 65.20 ± 6.29 mg/dL, 44.50 ± 2.88 mg/dL, 43.52 ± 3.33 mg/dL (p < 0.001), respectively. Additionally, the extract's potential components that may have played crucial roles in achieving these bioactivities were identified using the reports from the GC-MS analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":22985,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific World Journal","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e2052797"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13410278/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148607702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Land Use Diversification to Enhance Livelihood Resilience in the Face of Climate Change in Ethiopia.","authors":"Shibire Bekele Eshetu, Meselu Tegenie Mellaku, Haftom Hagos, Katharina Löhr, Negasi Solomon, Stefan Sieber","doi":"10.1155/tswj/8444736","DOIUrl":"10.1155/tswj/8444736","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examines how different land use systems are associated with resilience to drought-induced food insecurity in Ethiopia using a comparative case study of three districts representing monocropping (Bale), agroforestry (Sidama), and woodlot-based systems (Awi). The analysis integrates crop damage data from the Central Statistical Agency (CSA) with food aid priority classifications and postdrought food security outcomes from the Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC) and food aid priority area map from World Food Program (WFP), Inter-Agency Humanitarian Evaluation (IAHE) and United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA). Results show marked differences in drought impacts across systems. During the 2015-2016 drought, Bale (monocropping) experienced the highest crop losses (54,354 ha; 0.29 ha per affected person), followed by Sidama (agroforestry) (6629 ha; 0.19 ha per person) and Awi (woodlot) (3802 ha; 0.02 ha per person). Normalized against projected 2016 zone populations, Bale also records the highest area loss per 1000 inhabitants (30.8 ha, vs. 3.1 in Awi and 1.8 in Sidama), although the share of the zone population reporting crop damage was highest in Awi (15.4%). Postdrought IPC classifications further indicate higher food insecurity in Bale, where 60% of the population was classified in Phase 2 or above, compared with 30% in Sidama, whereas Awi did not meet the threshold for IPC classification. These patterns suggest that, within the studied contexts, diversified land use systems particularly agroforestry- and woodlot-based practices are associated with lower exposure to drought impacts and reduced food insecurity. However, these relationships are context-specific and reflect the combined influence of land use systems and broader agroecological and socioeconomic conditions. In particular, mean annual rainfall differs more than twofold across the study districts, and the woodlot district is also the wettest, so baseline moisture availability cannot be separated from land use configuration as an explanation of the observed differences. The findings are therefore indicative rather than causal, but they highlight the potential role of land use diversification as part of strategies to enhance resilience to climate variability.</p>","PeriodicalId":22985,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific World Journal","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e8444736"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13575974/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148971499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating Business Intelligence and CRM Systems With a Machine Learning Approach for Predictive Customer Retention in E-Commerce.","authors":"Mohammad Zeinali, Leila Ramezani Asli, Mohammad Amin Khalili","doi":"10.1155/tswj/1946904","DOIUrl":"10.1155/tswj/1946904","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the rapidly evolving e-commerce landscape, retaining existing customers has become more cost-effective and strategically important than acquiring new ones. This study proposes a data-driven framework that integrates business intelligence (BI) tools, machine learning, and customer relationship management (CRM) decision support to improve predictive customer retention. The framework was developed using the publicly available Brazilian E-Commerce Public Dataset (Olist), which contains more than 100,000 orders and includes transactional, payment, delivery, product, and customer-review information. After SQL-based integration and feature engineering, customer segmentation was performed using K-means clustering on recency, frequency, monetary (RFM) variables, identifying three behavioral groups: loyal, at-risk, and occasional customers. For churn prediction, Random Forest and XGBoost classifiers were trained on customer-level behavioral, satisfaction, and service-related features. XGBoost achieved the best overall performance, with accuracy = 0.81, precision = 0.79, recall = 0.83, F1 - score = 0.81, and AUC = 0.85, outperforming Random Forest (accuracy = 0.76, precision = 0.74, recall = 0.71, F1 - score = 0.72, and AUC = 0.76). The resulting segmentation and churn scores were then exposed through Power BI dashboards and mapped into a proof-of-concept CRM decision framework for retention planning. Unlike studies that treat BI, machine learning, or CRM in isolation, this research presents an end-to-end analytical pipeline that links data preparation, predictive modeling, dashboard-based decision support, and scenario-level CRM action design. The framework provides a reproducible basis for e-commerce retention analytics and a practical foundation for future live deployment and A/B-tested CRM validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":22985,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific World Journal","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e1946904"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13216662/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148043771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maturation-Associated Physiological and Biochemical Transitions in Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.): Optimizing Harvest Timing Toward Functional Valorization of Fruits.","authors":"Salah Laaraj, Atman Adiba, Chaimae El-Rhouttais, Anas Hamdani, Wafae Sellami, Mohamed Kouighat, Abdelaziz Ed-Dra, Achraf Mamassi, Mohamed Lamsiah, Chaimaa Jabbari, Souad Salmaoui, Kaoutar Elfazazi","doi":"10.1155/tswj/5395647","DOIUrl":"10.1155/tswj/5395647","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carob fruit (Ceratonia siliqua L.) undergoes numerous physicochemical and biochemical transformations during its ripening; however, these changes have not previously been characterized in a temporal sequence that describes the states of maturity of carob fruit, limiting the potential to determine periods of harvest that can maximize both nutrient-dense value and yield. In the current study, physical, colorimetric, and biochemical measurements were conducted that assessed the changes that occurred in unripe carob pods over five different carob pod ages (T1-T5). Physical traits including pod length, width, thickness, and mass all increased consistently throughout immature stages, reaching their maximum at T5. Brix and pH remained consistent until the early stages of maturity but began to decline beginning at T4, with Brix being the most impacted of the measurements. Total sugars varied across stages, with a minimum of 1616 mg measured in T2 and a maximum of 2198 mg measured in T3. The biochemical results showed that total phenolics, flavonoids, condensed tannins, and even their antioxidant activity were all highest at T2, declining at all other maturity periods. These findings indicate that immature carob fruits experience various developmental phases, with the T2-T3 gap recognized as a critical period marked by heightened amounts of bioactive chemicals. This crucial period presents advantageous prospects for focused enhancement in food and pharmaceutical sectors. This study addresses a significant gap in the literature by clarifying the dynamic changes throughout the immature stage, so establishing a scientific foundation for the efficient utilization of immature carob pods and ensuring their sustained functional and agronomic value.</p>","PeriodicalId":22985,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific World Journal","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e5395647"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13240454/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148138895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}