Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu "Ostrozʹka akademìâ". Serìâ Ìstoričnì nauki最新文献

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THE SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTIST CHURCH IN THE CONDITIONS OF SOVIET RELIGIOUS POLICY OF THE LATE 40’S – EARLY 50’S. XX ST. IN TRANSCARPATHIA 40年代末50年代初苏联宗教政策条件下的基督复临安息日会。在跨喀尔巴阡的Xx街
Anatoliі Tershak
{"title":"THE SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTIST CHURCH IN THE CONDITIONS OF SOVIET RELIGIOUS POLICY OF THE LATE 40’S – EARLY 50’S. XX ST. IN TRANSCARPATHIA","authors":"Anatoliі Tershak","doi":"10.25264/2409-6806-2021-32-17-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25264/2409-6806-2021-32-17-24","url":null,"abstract":"This study attempts to analyze the activities of the Seventh-Day Adventist Church in Transcarpathia in the context of the Soviet religious politics of 1944-1953. Attention is drawn to peculiarities of the introduction of the Soviet-type management on the territory of the region and its consequences for the researched religious community; additionally, its vital activity in the conditions of the anti-religious politics of the Soviet Union is revealed. This research is one of the first scientific attempts to summarise the available archival information and carry out a comprehensive comparative analysis of the activities of the Adventist communities of Transcarpathia in the context of the post-war USSR politics. The documents from the state regional as well as private archives were utilised as the basis for the study. The archival documents of local communities and materials from published sources and researches on related topics are involved. During the study, an attempt was made to involve all available documents on this topic.","PeriodicalId":229424,"journal":{"name":"Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu \"Ostrozʹka akademìâ\". Serìâ Ìstoričnì nauki","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126800257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
THE CONTRIBUTION OF UKRAINIAN EMIGRATION OF THE INTERWAR PERIOD TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF HISTORICAL SCIENCE RESEARCH: THEMATIC, METHODOLOGICAL AND CONCEPTUAL ASPECTS 两次世界大战期间乌克兰移民对历史科学研究发展的贡献:主题、方法和概念方面
V. Potulnytskyi
{"title":"THE CONTRIBUTION OF UKRAINIAN EMIGRATION OF THE INTERWAR PERIOD TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF HISTORICAL SCIENCE RESEARCH: THEMATIC, METHODOLOGICAL AND CONCEPTUAL ASPECTS","authors":"V. Potulnytskyi","doi":"10.25264/2409-6806-2020-31-98-107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25264/2409-6806-2020-31-98-107","url":null,"abstract":"The article reconstructs the contribution to historical science shaped by leading Ukrainian scholars and political thinkers during the period in question. Through applying Karl Mannheim’s vision of “real generations” of intellectuals, on the one hand, and his definitions of parameters of real contribution as well as role of specialisation in the framework of evaluation of this contribution, on the other hand, the author defines two generations of historians, successful in their scientific discourse. Having analysed a range of original works by Ukrainian emigrants of older generation (Hrushevskyi, Lypynskyi, Tomashivskyi, Doroshenko), as well as the representatives of the younger generation (Krupnyckyi, Kutshabskyi, Antonovych and Chyzevskyi), the author recreates the research heritage and vision of Ukrainian and European history in its internal dialectics that were formed by scholars in the interwar intellectual environment in Germany, Czechoslovakia and Austria. In addition to the identical conclusions of each author concerning the statements about the necessity and possibility to integrate the Ukrainian history into the global one, discussion of the Ukrainian question in isolation to the resolution of the Russian problem, and existence of common political language of both generations of intellectuals as emigrants in their host countries, the author formulates existing differences. The latter depends, first and foremost, on the different positions of scholars in foreign institutions: the older generation possessed the academic positions in the institutions created by emigrants; the younger – in state German, Czechoslovak or Austrian institutions. Second difference specified the specific character of intellectual concentration of the authors under discussion: speaking in terms of the understanding the experience of the failure of Ukrainian state in 1917-1920s, older scholars differed considerably from their younger colleagues, who predetermined the methodology and tasks of their research, corresponding to European countries. Third difference depends on the results of research: older researchers aimed to make contribution only to Ukrainian history; younger scholars conducted various retrospective journeys into the different aspects of medieval and new history of Germany, Poland, Austria and Czechoslovakia. All Ukrainian intellectuals, whose legacy is prioritized and studied in the article, were concentrated on the research of the phenomenon of Ukrainian history as historical and political reality. The divergence between two different generations of Ukrainian émigré scholars lied in different significance of their contribution into the Ukrainian historical science and absence of the contribution into the global science for older scholars, different arguments put forward by Ukrainian intellectuals to support their concepts, as well as in the surroundings and circumstances of their education and research work as scholars.","PeriodicalId":229424,"journal":{"name":"Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu \"Ostrozʹka akademìâ\". Serìâ Ìstoričnì nauki","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131227133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
MEMOIRS OF KOST’ MATSIEVYCH “LIFE OF MY CONTEMPORARY”: GEOGRAPHICAL COORDINATES OF EVENTS AND SPATIAL IMAGES 科斯特·马切耶维奇回忆录“我同时代的生活”:事件的地理坐标和空间图像
V. Piskun
{"title":"MEMOIRS OF KOST’ MATSIEVYCH “LIFE OF MY CONTEMPORARY”: GEOGRAPHICAL COORDINATES OF EVENTS AND SPATIAL IMAGES","authors":"V. Piskun","doi":"10.25264/2409-6806-2020-31-108-114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25264/2409-6806-2020-31-108-114","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the memoirs of K. Matsievych “Life of my contemporary” and the introductory article by Maxym Slavinsky “Parallels and applications”. The researcher updates the content of the materials stored in the Central State Archives of Ukraine in the fund 4465 “Collection of documents and materials of Ukrainian nationalist emigrant institutions, organizations and individuals”. The main factors which the author considered decisive in the formation of the personality and keeping the individual in the vector field of the Ukrainian national culture are outlined. The geographical coordinates of the events within which the formation of K. Matsievych’s personality took place were analyzed, mainly the villages and towns of the Middle Dnieper region; the most impressive and memorable events that accompanied the stay in these places were described. For 69 years of his life K. Matsievych got to know different geographical places both in Russia and in European countries. However, nothing remained in his memory so vivid as that small world that his eyes first saw. That world “was Ukrainian, nature was Ukrainian, Ukrainian landscapes, Ukrainian people around, with its own psyche, traditions, language and even clothes”. We consider spatial images as a plurality of things, objects and as a form of perception of the existing reality, which together form the human mindset. The main spatial images that influenced the formation of a character, according to K. Matsievych, were: the house as a locus of economic, cultural and spiritual action; the family as a kind of community of people with its special folk traditions and rituals on holidays and weekdays; nature landscapes, engraved in the memory, the formation of a sense of dignity. Among the negative factors that influenced the formation of a personality was the Russification of education and the church. Key words: Kostyantyn Matsievych, memoirs, Maksym Slavinsky, geographical coordinates, the Middle Dnieper region, spatial images, family, the Ukrainian language, dignity.","PeriodicalId":229424,"journal":{"name":"Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu \"Ostrozʹka akademìâ\". Serìâ Ìstoričnì nauki","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114967965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
UNITED KINGDOM MIGRATION POLICY AND MIGRATION FROM UKRAINE (1990–2020) 英国移民政策和乌克兰移民(1990-2020年)
N. Boiko
{"title":"UNITED KINGDOM MIGRATION POLICY AND MIGRATION FROM UKRAINE (1990–2020)","authors":"N. Boiko","doi":"10.25264/2409-6806-2020-31-41-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25264/2409-6806-2020-31-41-49","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the formation and evolution of migration policy of British governments at the present stage. It is noted that migration processes are one of the main features of globalization. It is also claimed that the UK has always attracted migrants from different parts of the world, especially from the post-colonial countries and Eastern Europe. As a migration project, it has always been characterized by a high standard of living and a high level of wages in the European Union. However, as a member of the European Community until 2019, Britain has always differed from its European partners in its autonomy and separateness, particularly in the field of immigration policy. The author analyzes the current migration laws passed by the British governments from 1990 to 2020. The active development of migration legislation began during the premiership of the conservative John Major (1990–1997). Therefore, the Conservative government has taken steps only in the direction of quota migration flows. It was determined that the basic purpose of the migration legislation of the United Kingdom was the governments’ ability to comprehensively address the migration problem as a threat to national security. It was officially recognized during the reign of Gordon Brown (2007–2010). It has been proven that the priorities in the UK’s migration policy have been the issues of restraining and controlling the flow of immigrants, in particular their consequences for immigrants from Ukraine. Special attention is paid to the migration component of the Labor government of Tony Blair (1997–2007) and the Conservative government of Theresa May (2016–2019) as the most loyal and hostile cabinet ministers on immigration. The competition between the party principles of controlled (Labor) and rigid (Conservative) migration under their rule has led to the adoption of new laws. In essence and content, they were designed to cope with the growing migration crisis in the country. The importance of the media and information propaganda in the reflection of immigration as a trend of British domestic policy and a key cause of Brexit (2016–2019) is emphasized.","PeriodicalId":229424,"journal":{"name":"Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu \"Ostrozʹka akademìâ\". Serìâ Ìstoričnì nauki","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129988682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
THE COVERAGE OF UKRAINE AND UKRAINIANS IN THE AUSTRALIAN ENCYCLOPEDIA 澳大利亚百科全书中关于乌克兰和乌克兰人的报道
O. Ishchenko
{"title":"THE COVERAGE OF UKRAINE AND UKRAINIANS IN THE AUSTRALIAN ENCYCLOPEDIA","authors":"O. Ishchenko","doi":"10.25264/2409-6806-2020-31-151-156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25264/2409-6806-2020-31-151-156","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we present an analysis of the 10-volumed Australian Encyclopedia published in 1958. The purpose of the analysis is to identify encyclopedic information concerning the Ukrainian people. Since the late 19th century, a part of the Ukrainian ethnic group inhabits the Australian continent, so it is natural to expect the appearance of Ukrainians in encyclopedic publications of Australia. But do Australians mention Ukrainians in their own fundamental encyclopedias? This question is caused not only by the general interest, but also by the fact that Ukraine is shown in the national narratives of many countries through various myths generated by Soviet propaganda. Therefore, the analysis of the representation of Ukrainians in the pages of foreign encyclopedias is a topical issue of contemporary Ukrainian studies in general. In this study, we found that the main body of information about Ukrainians is statistical data about the Ukrainian community in Australia, which settled after the Second World War. Among the 10 volumes there are no mentions of Ukraine, its capital, prominent people of the nation, etc. In addition, general highlights of the Australian encyclopedia publishing sphere are proposed. It is noted that the Australian Encyclopedia as a fundamental work published in six editions during 1925–1996 is the main achievement of the Australian encyclopediography. It is noteworthy that there is currently no national online encyclopedia in Australia. At the same time, there are domain (subject-specific) publications by research teams among other achievements of contemporary Australian encyclopedia publishing, such as the Encyclopaedia of Aboriginal Australia, the Historical Encyclopedia of Western Australia, the Companion to Tasmanian History, etc.","PeriodicalId":229424,"journal":{"name":"Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu \"Ostrozʹka akademìâ\". Serìâ Ìstoričnì nauki","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125587209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
UKRAINIAN HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION IN THE CONTEXT OF UKRAINIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE 20th CENTURY (ANNIVERSARY NOTES) 20世纪乌克兰史学背景下的乌克兰历史协会(周年纪念笔记)
A. Atamanenko, V. Atamanenko
{"title":"UKRAINIAN HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION IN THE CONTEXT OF UKRAINIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE 20th CENTURY (ANNIVERSARY NOTES)","authors":"A. Atamanenko, V. Atamanenko","doi":"10.25264/2409-6806-2020-31-115-126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25264/2409-6806-2020-31-115-126","url":null,"abstract":"The authors attempt to analyze and summarize the scientific contributions of the members of the Ukrainian Historical Association, mostly published in The Ukrainian Historian journal in 1965–1991 and in the book format. At the same time, the main attention is paid not only to research issues but also to research tools of individual members of society, formed both by their professional training and socio-cultural environment of their lives and scientific creativity, which determined the level of research opportunities. The society was founded in 1965 on the initiative of the eminent researcher and organizer of science Lubomyr Roman Wynar (1932–2017), with the support of other scientists. The Ukrainian Historian journal, around which the unification took place, was founded by the scientist in 1963. The Association brought together researchers from different periods of the Ukrainian historical process, who belonged to several scientific generations, lived on different continents and, due to different life scenarios, did not always belong to the Western university environment, yet created the scientific product in Ukrainian and foreign languages. Based on correspondence and publications, the authors attempt to trace the reception of approaches to the formulation and elucidation of scientific problems, by members of the Western and Ukrainian Soviet Science. The article draws attention to the possibility of using source materials on the history of Ukraine, approaches to the study of sources, the creation of a source base for the study of events of the twentieth century by the Ukrainian scholars abroad. Particular attention is paid to the importance of the Ukrainian language in publications, and the possibility of interaction with the Western scientific world.","PeriodicalId":229424,"journal":{"name":"Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu \"Ostrozʹka akademìâ\". Serìâ Ìstoričnì nauki","volume":"242 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131868777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
ENSEMBLE IN THE BANDURA ART IN THE CENTER OF THE UKRAINIAN DIASPORA: CULTURAL-HISTORICAL ASPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT 班杜拉艺术在乌克兰侨民中心的合奏:发展的文化历史方面
Olha Kubik
{"title":"ENSEMBLE IN THE BANDURA ART IN THE CENTER OF THE UKRAINIAN DIASPORA: CULTURAL-HISTORICAL ASPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT","authors":"Olha Kubik","doi":"10.25264/2409-6806-2020-31-220-225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25264/2409-6806-2020-31-220-225","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the ensemble work of the diaspora bandura players. It is noted that ensemble music has its origins in the so called “kobzarism” in Ukraine. The development of bandura art in the diaspora of the twentieth century occurred differently. This is due to the chronological, spatial, geographical and cultural factors of the countries of the world where the bandura cells were located. The history of the appearance of Ukrainian bandura players on the territories of other continents is covered, and the emigration waves that became the impetus for the development of bandura art abroad are mentioned. The leading bandura ensembles of the diaspora were analyzed – the Taras Shevchenko Bandura Band (Detroit), the Canadian Bandura Band, the Gnat Khotkevych Bandura Ensemble (Toronto), and the Maiden Bandura Band. P. Orlyk (Detroit), ensemble “Haidamaki”, children’s choir “Golden Strings” and their cooperation with various groups both in the diaspora and in Ukraine. The article also describes the repertoire, tools and their modifications in connection with certain historical events. It is noted that the Ukrainian theme became the basis for the repertoire of the diaspora bandura players – Ukrainian folk songs, patriotic, Cossack, Duma, spiritual works, carols, works of Ukrainian composers, instrumental melodies and others. The names of famous bandura masters abroad are mentioned. Ensemble performance of non-mainland Ukraine is associated with the names of many artists, including Vasyl Yemets, Mykhailo Teliga, Hryhoriy Kytasty, Hryhoriy Nazarenko, Stepan Hanushevsky, Volodymyr Lutsyv, Viktor Mishalov, Olga Gerasimenko-Oliynyk and Yuriy Oliynyk. The article mentions the close cooperation of bandura ensembles and representatives of choral and vocal art. The concert life of famous bandura groups of the diaspora and their artistic achievements are described. It is also noted that the ensemble art of the diaspora is currently actively studied by scholars of the diaspora and Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":229424,"journal":{"name":"Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu \"Ostrozʹka akademìâ\". Serìâ Ìstoričnì nauki","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131886819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
SOVIET RESETTLEMENT’S PROGRAM FOR THE UKRAINIAN PEASANCE IN 1921–1925 1921-1925年苏联对乌克兰农民的重新安置计划
Olesia Rozovyk
{"title":"SOVIET RESETTLEMENT’S PROGRAM FOR THE UKRAINIAN PEASANCE IN 1921–1925","authors":"Olesia Rozovyk","doi":"10.25264/2409-6806-2020-31-67-72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25264/2409-6806-2020-31-67-72","url":null,"abstract":"The article, based on little-known sources, deals with the process of forming the policy of the Soviet government to solve such a problem as agrarian overpopulation of the USSR. The article presents data on overpopulation in some districts of the Ukrainian SSR, such as Kyiv, Chernihiv and Volyn districts, where such a phenomenon as scarcity of land and low-yielding soils was presented. An Emergency Resettlement Commission was established within the People’s Commissariat of Land Affairs by the decision of the Council of People’ Commissars (CPC). This Commission solved all issues related to the resettlement of peasants within the republic and abroad. Similar commissions were also formed in all provincial and county centers of the Ukrainian SSR. These commissions began active work on the registration of landless peasants and the search for vacant lands, primarily in the republic for their resettlement, beginning in the spring of 1921. Commissions were also carried out with the All-Russian (later All-Union) Resettlement Commission on the provision of land in uninhabited areas of the RSFSR, such as the Volga region, the Urals, Siberia, Kazakhstan, the Far East, Kuban, Stavropol, North Caucasus to the settlers from Ukraine. In February 1923, the CPC of the Ukrainian SSR took measures to ensure the planned resettlement of the rural population of the republic in Ukraine and abroad. In the autumn of 1923, the VIII All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets approved the main directions of resettlement policy in the republic. It was reduced to the following measures: first – the resettlement of Ukrainians in the free lands of the Ukrainian SSR; second – resettlement, first of all, of the poor population, which included assistance in farming; third – the resettlement of part of the population from rural areas to cities; fourth – the resettlement of small peasant families in the All-Union Colonization Fund in the Urals, Siberia, Kazakhstan, the Far East. In April 1924, CPC of the Soviet Union, supporting the resettlement movement, adopted a resolution “On the benefits of migrants”. It determined the level of material assistance to the families who settled in new lands. Thus, during 1921–1925, the All-Ukrainian Central Executive Committee and the CPC of the Ukrainian SSR developed a program of resettlement of the Ukrainian population within its ethnic lands and the Union Colonization Fund. This was the first five-year cycle of resettlement policy of the government of the USSR, and in 1926 a new resettlement program was approved, designed first for seven and then for ten years.","PeriodicalId":229424,"journal":{"name":"Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu \"Ostrozʹka akademìâ\". Serìâ Ìstoričnì nauki","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117184382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
UKRAINIAN REFUGEE CHILDREN IN WESTERN GERMANY AFTER WORLD WAR II: WAYS OF AFFECTION AND SOCIAL CATEGORIES 二战后德国西部的乌克兰难民儿童:情感方式和社会分类
Iryna Rybachok
{"title":"UKRAINIAN REFUGEE CHILDREN IN WESTERN GERMANY AFTER WORLD WAR II: WAYS OF AFFECTION AND SOCIAL CATEGORIES","authors":"Iryna Rybachok","doi":"10.25264/2409-6806-2020-31-86-96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25264/2409-6806-2020-31-86-96","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the phenomenon of Ukrainian refugee children. They lived in displaced persons camps (DP camps) created and functioned for refugees in West Germany during the second half of 1940s – early 1950s. The article is based on archival documents, memoirs, camp periodicals. The author tried to identify the main reasons and ways of getting children to DP camps, such as age, social criteria and health status. Moreover, the author characterized different groups of “little aged displaced persons”. World War II caused significant migration of population from Ukraine and put the fate of millions of refugees and displaced persons on the international agenda. The majority of the Ukrainians had been repatriated to the Soviet Union (USSR), but about 250,000 of Ukrainians managed to avoid repatriation, escaped and became refugees who lived in special DP camps. Children made up about a quarter of all Ukrainian refugees, who had experienced difficult escape cases. The memoirs of Lesia Bohuslavets (Oleksandra Tkach), Alla Lehka-Herets, Larysa Zalevska Onyshkevych, Larysa Palidvor-Zelyk, Natalia Palidvor-Sonevytska and others, used in the article, allow us to understanding the personal experiences and feelings of Ukrainian refugee children in the DP period. Refugee children came from various social groups of the Ukrainian community: politicians, public and religious figures, intellectuals, workers and peasants. The least protected social categories were semi-orphans, orphans, children with disabilities, illegitimate or seriously ill children. They needed special attention and aid from international and Ukrainian relief organizations, as well as from Ukrainian DP community. These were the families with little children, widows with orphans, single mothers with illegitimate children, children with disabilities, children suffering tuberculosis. All of them (and also sick, elderly people) belonged to the so-called “hard core” or “zalyshentsi” (people who couldn’t come back to their homes). They could move from DP camps in Germany to their new residence countries only if they received necessary confirming documents from their relatives, supporting their living conditions provided. Therefore, some Ukrainian families with little or ill children, children with disabilities, widows with orphans, as well as the elderly, were forced to stay in war-torn Germany.","PeriodicalId":229424,"journal":{"name":"Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu \"Ostrozʹka akademìâ\". Serìâ Ìstoričnì nauki","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114922218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
SCIENTIFIC AND ORGANIZATIONAL ACTIVITY OF O. PRITSAK IN UKRAINE AFTER 1991 1991年后o. pritak在乌克兰的科学和组织活动
M. Voronova
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