The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences最新文献_第4页

Cognitive stability among plasma p-tau 181 negative individuals: a 5-year analysis of the MAPT study. 血浆p-tau 181阴性个体的认知稳定性：MAPT研究的5年分析

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaf113

Federico Bellelli,Philipe De Souto Barreto,Christelle Cantet,Pierre Jean Ousset,Kaj Blennow,Bruno Vellas,Davide Angioni,

{"title":"Cognitive stability among plasma p-tau 181 negative individuals: a 5-year analysis of the MAPT study.","authors":"Federico Bellelli,Philipe De Souto Barreto,Christelle Cantet,Pierre Jean Ousset,Kaj Blennow,Bruno Vellas,Davide Angioni,","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaf113","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDThis study aims to assess the evolution of cognitive performances over a five-year follow-up period in community-dwelling older people with negative plasma p-tau181 levels and to determine whether frailty could discriminate between those who experience cognitive decline and those who do not, in the p-tau negative groups.METHODSThis is a five-year analysis of the Multidomain Alzheimer Prevention Trial (MAPT) testing cognitive evolution among 503 community-dwelling individuals with available data on plasma p-tau181. Negative p-tau status was assigned according to three different cut-offs: amyloid-PET positivity (9·6 pg/mL), highest tertile for baseline p-tau181 distribution (10·9 pg/mL) and Alzheimer's Disease (AD) diagnosis prediction (12·4 pg/mL) cut-offs. Cognition was measured using a validated composite cognitive score (CCS) derived from the Z-scores of four cognitive tests. Longitudinal changes from baseline in the CCS according to plasma p-tau181 status were compared using linear mixed models.RESULTSIn a population with an end-of-study median age of 79 years (IQR: 76-82), whatever the cut-off, the overall group with negative p-tau181 status did not develop cognitive decline over the follow-up. Among the p-tau181 negative groups, individuals who declined had a higher prevalence of frailty compared to those who did not decline.CONCLUSIONSCognitive performance in older people with negative plasma p-tau181 levels remains stable over a five-year period. This may suggest that older age alone, in the absence of positive biomarkers for brain pathology (or frailty), is not associated with cognitive decline. Frailty may increase vulnerability to the neuropathological burden associated with AD.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"126 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144087508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative Effectiveness of Metformin vs Sulfonylureas on Exceptional Longevity in Women with Type 2 Diabetes: Target Trial Emulation 二甲双胍与磺脲类药物对2型糖尿病女性超长寿命的比较效果：目标试验模拟

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaf095

Aladdin H Shadyab, Mark A Espeland, Andrew O Odegaard, JoAnn E Manson, Bernhard Haring, Karen C Johnson, Zhao Chen, Bowei Zhang, Andrea Z LaCroix

{"title":"Comparative Effectiveness of Metformin vs Sulfonylureas on Exceptional Longevity in Women with Type 2 Diabetes: Target Trial Emulation","authors":"Aladdin H Shadyab, Mark A Espeland, Andrew O Odegaard, JoAnn E Manson, Bernhard Haring, Karen C Johnson, Zhao Chen, Bowei Zhang, Andrea Z LaCroix","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaf095","url":null,"abstract":"Background The association of metformin with mortality has been mixed, and no prior study has determined whether metformin initiation is associated with exceptional longevity, defined as survival to ages 90 and older. Methods We performed a new-user, active comparator cohort study using the target trial emulation framework among the Women’s Health Initiative cohort to determine whether metformin versus sulfonylurea initiation was associated with exceptional longevity (survival to age 90). We identified participants ≥60 years with incident type 2 diabetes and no history of hypoglycemic agents or insulin prior to treatment initiation to perform intention-to-treat analyses. We used 1:1 propensity score matching on demographic characteristics, lifestyle behaviors, diabetes duration, comorbidities (hypertension, cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cancer), body mass index, and concomitant medications to balance treatment groups on key confounders. Results Among 438 propensity score-matched women with type 2 diabetes, the incidence rate of death before age 90 per 100 person-years in women initiating metformin monotherapy was 3.7 (95% CI 3.1-4.4) compared with 5.0 (95% CI 4.2-5.8) for sulfonylurea monotherapy. The adjusted risk of death before age 90 was 30% lower for initiation of metformin monotherapy versus sulfonylurea monotherapy (HR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.56-0.88). Conclusions In this first target trial emulation of metformin and exceptional longevity, we found that metformin initiation increased exceptional longevity compared with sulfonylurea initiation among women with type 2 diabetes. Because this comparison was not made to placebo in an RCT and given the observational design with potential for residual confounding, causality cannot be inferred.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144097239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Association of Immune Cell Subsets with Longevity: The Cardiovascular Health Study 免疫细胞亚群与寿命的关系：心血管健康研究

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2025-05-16 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaf094

Sylvie Dobrota Lai, Petra Buzkova, Joseph A Delaney, Nels Olson, Bruce M Psaty, Sally A Huber, Margaret F Doyle, Russell P Tracy, Michelle C Odden

{"title":"Association of Immune Cell Subsets with Longevity: The Cardiovascular Health Study","authors":"Sylvie Dobrota Lai, Petra Buzkova, Joseph A Delaney, Nels Olson, Bruce M Psaty, Sally A Huber, Margaret F Doyle, Russell P Tracy, Michelle C Odden","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaf094","url":null,"abstract":"Background Changes in the immune system are a potential biological mechanism of aging. We investigated the association of circulating immune cell subsets with age at death and survival to age 90. Methods Immune cell phenotypes were measured at baseline in 1,625 adults, aged 70 to 85 years, in the Cardiovascular Health Study. We selected five primary immune cell subsets: gamma-delta T-cells, natural killer cells, CD8+ T effector memory CD45RA expressing cells (TEMRA) cells, ratio of CD4+ to CD8+ cells, and ratio of naïve to memory CD8+ cells. We used linear regression and Poisson models, adjusting for demographics and clinical factors; and tested for effect modification by sex and race. In a secondary analysis, we investigated 23 additional immune cell subsets, using the Holm-Bonferroni method to adjust for multiple comparisons. Results No primary immune cell subsets were significantly associated with longevity. Two secondary subsets were significantly associated with age at death. Each SD higher proportion of CD4+CD57+ cells was associated with a 0.64-year earlier death (95%CI:-0.99,-0.30) and each SD higher proportion of CD4+CD28-CD57+ cells was associated with a 0.54-year earlier death (95% CI:-0.87,-0.21). Several subsets had significant interactions with sex and race in the fully adjusted model of age at death. A higher proportion of CD4+CD57+ T-cells was significantly associated with lower likelihood of survival to age 90 (RR: 0.79) and 1.07-year earlier age at death in males, but not in females. Conclusions Our results suggest that CD4+CD57+ cells are associated with earlier death and this relationship was stronger in males than females.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144066792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relationship of ADRD plasma biomarkers with mobility in cognitively unimpaired older adults 认知功能未受损老年人ADRD血浆生物标志物与活动能力的关系

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2025-05-16 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaf110

Atalie C Thompson, Xiaoyan Leng, Michael E Miller, Thomas C Register, Paul J Laurienti, Michelle M Mielke, Suzanne Craft, Stephen B Kritchevsky

{"title":"Relationship of ADRD plasma biomarkers with mobility in cognitively unimpaired older adults","authors":"Atalie C Thompson, Xiaoyan Leng, Michael E Miller, Thomas C Register, Paul J Laurienti, Michelle M Mielke, Suzanne Craft, Stephen B Kritchevsky","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaf110","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND Temporal relationships between physical and cognitive decline with aging are poorly understood, and little is known about the underlying mechanisms linking these conditions. We hypothesized that plasma biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) may be associated with mobility performance in older adults who are cognitively unimpaired. METHODS We constructed separate linear mixed models to examine the cross-sectional associations of 5 plasma ADRD and aging-related biomarkers with 4 measures of mobility in a cohort of 192 cognitively unimpaired older adults. We secondarily described the association of the same biomarkers with 4 cognitive domain scores. RESULTS Higher phorphorylated-tau181 was associated with worse performance on the expanded short physical performance battery (eSPPB), slower 4m gait speed, and shorter balance time. Higher neurofilament light (NfL) was associated with worse eSPPB, slower 4m gait speed and slower 400m gait speed in adjusted models. However, there was no association of Aβ42/Aβ40, p-tau217, or glial fibrillary acidic protein with mobility. Only p-tau217 was associated with global and processing speed cognitive domain scores in multivariable models, but not after adjusting for multiple comparisons. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that p-tau181 and NfL are potential markers of mobility performance in cognitively normal older adults, even when they are not associated with cognitive performance. Future studies should examine how such markers predict change over time in mobility and cognitive function and whether they may indicate pathways that could be targeted for preventive management.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144066793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The age-dependent influence of the infrapatellar fat pad on chondrocyte extracellular matrix production. 髌下脂肪垫对软骨细胞细胞外基质生成的年龄依赖性影响。

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2025-05-16 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaf072

Ella D'Amico,Tyler J McNeill,Adam M Khay,Gabrielle Gilmer,Kai Wang,Juliana Bergmann,Amrita Sahu,Hirotaka Iijima,Fabrisia Ambrosio

{"title":"The age-dependent influence of the infrapatellar fat pad on chondrocyte extracellular matrix production.","authors":"Ella D'Amico,Tyler J McNeill,Adam M Khay,Gabrielle Gilmer,Kai Wang,Juliana Bergmann,Amrita Sahu,Hirotaka Iijima,Fabrisia Ambrosio","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaf072","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the growing burden of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) on aging populations, our mechanistic understanding of this disease remains lacking. Though KOA is a whole joint disease, the impact of intra-articular structures, like the infrapatellar fat pad (IFP), on cartilage health is unclear. This study investigated the effect of age on paracrine communication between IFPs and chondrocytes. To isolate the effects of the IFP secretome on chondrocytes, aged chondrocytes from male and female mice were incubated with conditioned media from sex-matched young IFPs, aged IFPs, or control media. ECM protein expression increased in both male and female chondrocytes exposed to young, but not aged, conditioned media relative to control media. The effect of the young IFP was not concomitant with changes in ECM degradation proteins, ADAMTS4 or MMP13. To identify factors mediating the effects of the IFP on chondrocytes that are altered with aging, we performed mass spectrometry of young and aged conditioned media and transcriptomics of aged chondrocytes treated with this media. We then integrated the two datasets using network analyses. From the conditioned media, two secreted proteins, Mfge8 and Apoa4, were significantly changed with aging. In silico perturbation of the corresponding receptors of these IFP-secreted factors identified multiple enriched pathways, including negative regulation of nitric oxide synthase activity, in chondrocytes. Overall, the data suggest that young IFPs release paracrine factors that promote ECM production in chondrocytes, potentially via regulation of nitric oxide levels, but that this effect is diminished with aging.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144065925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Incidence of Long COVID diagnoses in 3.6 million US Medicare beneficiaries with COVID-19. 360万美国医疗保险受益人COVID-19的长COVID诊断发生率

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2025-05-15 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaf108

Yasin Abul,Daniel A Harris,Preeti Chachlani,Kaleen N Hayes,Andrew R Zullo,Vincent Mor,Stefan Gravenstein

{"title":"Incidence of Long COVID diagnoses in 3.6 million US Medicare beneficiaries with COVID-19.","authors":"Yasin Abul,Daniel A Harris,Preeti Chachlani,Kaleen N Hayes,Andrew R Zullo,Vincent Mor,Stefan Gravenstein","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaf108","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDLong COVID incidence and risk factors in older adults need to be better characterized to identify risk mitigation strategies. Our aim was to quantify the incidence of Long COVID in a population-based sample of older adults and to describe the association between COVID-19 vaccination and Long COVID risk.METHODSThis cohort study included Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries ≥ 66 years diagnosed with COVID-19 between October 1, 2021, and March 31, 2023 (index date). Long COVID diagnoses were identified from Medicare Part A-B claims based on ICD-10-CM code U09.9. We measured the number of COVID-19 vaccine doses administered prior to the index date using Medicare Part B claims and pharmacy records. Kaplan-Meier estimators, Cox proportional hazards, and Fine-Grey regression models were used to estimate the 1-year cumulative incidence and relative rate of Long COVID.RESULTSWe identified 3,588,671 Medicare beneficiaries diagnosed with COVID-19. Overall, 3.89% of beneficiaries were diagnosed with Long COVID over one year. A gradient in the one-year cumulative incidence of Long COVID was observed according to the number of prior COVID-19 vaccine doses. Beneficiaries with four or more COVID-19 vaccine doses had a 39% lower adjusted rate of Long COVID relative to beneficiaries without a prior dose (aHR=0.61, 95%CI=0.60-0.62).CONCLUSIONSLong COVID diagnoses in Medicare claims were common in a large sample of older adults with COVID-19, and we observed a gradient in Long COVID risk across the number of prior COVID-19 vaccine doses. Promoting continued vaccination may be an effective strategy to mitigate the burden of Long COVID in older adults.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"129 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143982462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The interplay between biological aging and volunteering engagement in predicting cognitive performance: Evidence from the Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol study 生物老化和志愿者参与在预测认知表现中的相互作用：来自协调认知评估协议研究的证据

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaf097

Seoyoun Kim, Xi Pan

{"title":"The interplay between biological aging and volunteering engagement in predicting cognitive performance: Evidence from the Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol study","authors":"Seoyoun Kim, Xi Pan","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaf097","url":null,"abstract":"Background Promoting cognitive health and preventing deficits is crucial for improving the population level health and reducing economic burdens. Biological aging, influenced by DNA methylation (DNAm), plays a key role in predicting cognitive performance and brain aging. A more recent body of literature shows that social engagement, and volunteering in particular, may play an important role in modifying the relationship between epigenetic age acceleration and cognitive performance. Methods Using the Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol in the Health and Retirement Study, the current project tests the association between five epigenetic clocks (Horvath, Hannum, PhenoAge, GrimAge, DunedinPoAm) and cognitive performance. It also examines whether the relationship between epigenetic clocks and cognitive performance differs by volunteering frequency (i.e., effect modification). Results Any level of volunteering was associated with better cognitive performance when compared to no volunteering. All DNAm clocks were associated with cognitive performance, except for PhenoAge. Evidence of effect modification was present for Horvath, PhenoAge, GrimAge, and DunedinPoAm. For PhenoAge and GrimAge, 1-100 hours of volunteering per year mitigated the influenced of accelerated biological age on cognitive performance. For Horvath and DunedinPoAm, the links between epigenetic age acceleration and cognitive performance were less steep for highly engaged volunteers (101+ hours per year). Conclusions The findings underscore the cognitive benefits of engagement in volunteer activities. They further elucidate the interplay between volunteering frequency and epigenetic aging on cognitive performance. The relationship between epigenetic age and cognitive performance also varies based on the level of volunteering engagement.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143940268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biomarkers of oxidative and mitochondrial stress are associated with accelerated pace of aging at midlife in a birth cohort. 在出生队列中，氧化应激和线粒体应激的生物标志物与中年加速衰老有关。

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2025-05-09 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaf105

Te-Rina J King-Hudson,Andree G Pearson,Caitlin Dunstan-Harrison,Mathew T Powell,Nicholas J Magon,Teagan S Edwards,Louise N Paton,Jeffry S Tang,Anthony J Kettle,John F Pearson,Jesse Kokaua,Hayley Guiney,Reremoana Theodore,Sandhya Ramrakha,Richie Poulton,Terrie E Moffitt,Elizabeth C Ledgerwood,Mark B Hampton

{"title":"Biomarkers of oxidative and mitochondrial stress are associated with accelerated pace of aging at midlife in a birth cohort.","authors":"Te-Rina J King-Hudson,Andree G Pearson,Caitlin Dunstan-Harrison,Mathew T Powell,Nicholas J Magon,Teagan S Edwards,Louise N Paton,Jeffry S Tang,Anthony J Kettle,John F Pearson,Jesse Kokaua,Hayley Guiney,Reremoana Theodore,Sandhya Ramrakha,Richie Poulton,Terrie E Moffitt,Elizabeth C Ledgerwood,Mark B Hampton","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaf105","url":null,"abstract":"Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are proposed to play prominent roles in the biology of aging. Human studies are limited and confounded by metabolic disturbances associated with age-related diseases. In this study we have measured biomarkers of oxidative and mitochondrial stress in blood samples from up to 864 participants in the longitudinal Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study at age 45. We then determined the correlation between these cross-sectional biomarkers and the longitudinal Pace of Aging, a composite score that represents whole-organism functional decline in each participant from 26 to 45 years old, and facial age at 45 years old. Protein carbonyls and allantoin were selected as biomarkers for oxidative stress, and GDF-15 as a marker of mitochondrial stress. Mid-life levels of these biomarkers were low but varied across the population. GDF-15 showed the strongest associations with the Pace of Aging (β = 0.26, p < 0.0001) and facial age (β = 0.12, p =0.001) in sex and smoking adjusted models. The Pace of Aging was also significantly associated with allantoin (β = 0.14, p < 0.0001) and protein carbonyls (β = 0.09, p = 0.005), and allantoin was also associated with facial age (β = 0.08, p = 0.02). These associations remained when the limited number of participants with age-related disease were removed from the analyses. Our results provide evidence of increased oxidative stress and mitochondrial stress in faster aging humans at midlife, well before the onset of age-related disease.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143926483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fine particulate matter is associated with lower executive functioning in middle-aged and older adults: Cardiometabolic disease as a mediator 细颗粒物与中老年执行功能低下有关：心脏代谢疾病作为中介

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2025-05-09 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaf104

Sara E Grineski, Ethan Siu Leung Cheung, Austin S Clark, David S Curtis

{"title":"Fine particulate matter is associated with lower executive functioning in middle-aged and older adults: Cardiometabolic disease as a mediator","authors":"Sara E Grineski, Ethan Siu Leung Cheung, Austin S Clark, David S Curtis","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaf104","url":null,"abstract":"Background PM2.5 pollution is expected to worsen in many places due to climate change, as a result of hotter temperatures, less precipitation, and increases in wind speed. PM2.5 exposure has adverse effects on humans that may accelerate the aging process, such as worsening cognitive functioning and cardiometabolic disease. Less is known about whether physical and mental health conditions mediate the relationship between PM2.5 exposure and aging-related cognitive and functional limitations. Methods Longitudinal data from the Midlife in the United States study (MIDUS 2: 2004-05; MIDUS 3: 2013-14) were used, with a sample of approximately 5000 individuals aged 32 to 84. Based on individuals’ residential addresses at each wave, we identified census tract-level PM2.5 exposure as defined by five-year annual averages. Missing data were handled using multiple imputation by chained equations. We examined cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between PM2.5 exposure and aging-related limitations (i.e., executive functioning and functional limitations), and tested cardiometabolic disease and depressive symptoms as mediators. Results Higher PM2.5 exposure was associated with lower executive functioning cross-sectionally and longitudinally, but not with functional limitations. The cross-sectional association between PM2.5 and executive functioning was partially mediated by cardiometabolic disease, accounting for 8.1% of the estimate. Depressive symptoms were not a significant mediator. Conclusions Findings suggest the importance of considering the indirect ways in which climate change may impact health of middle-aged and older adults.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143927269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Super movers: epidemiology and biology of a novel exceptional aging phenotype 超级推动者：一种新的异常衰老表型的流行病学和生物学

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2025-05-09 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaf107

Joe Verghese, Kelly Cotton, Sanish Sathyan, Emmeline Ayers, Jeannette R Mahoney, Pierfilippo De Sanctis, Cuiling Wang, Ying Jin, Helena M Blumen, Oshadi Jayakody

{"title":"Super movers: epidemiology and biology of a novel exceptional aging phenotype","authors":"Joe Verghese, Kelly Cotton, Sanish Sathyan, Emmeline Ayers, Jeannette R Mahoney, Pierfilippo De Sanctis, Cuiling Wang, Ying Jin, Helena M Blumen, Oshadi Jayakody","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaf107","url":null,"abstract":"Background Although gait speed typically declines with age, some individuals manage to maintain higher walking speeds well into older age. To better understand healthy longevity, we propose a novel exceptional aging phenotype of super movers, individuals 80 years or older with walking speeds comparable to individuals three decades younger. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study to examine the epidemiology and determinants of super mover status as well as mortality, biological aging and gait speed trajectories of super movers compared to age peers identified from 15 aging cohort studies across 24 countries. Results In a pooled cohort of data from multi-country population-based surveys, prevalence of super movers ranged from 4.9% to 11.1% in individuals 80 and older, with an average overall prevalence of 7.3%. Compared to age peers, super movers exhibited lower disease prevalence, healthier lifestyles and had lower mortality rates (HR 0.38, 95% CI 0.09 - 0.66). In two smaller samples with gait and biological aging data and longitudinal gait assessments, compared age-matched peers, super movers had younger biological age and showed faster gait speed from their seventh to tenth decades, respectively. Conclusion Super movers are an exceptional aging phenotype enriched with unique biological and clinical profiles that can provide valuable insights into healthy longevity.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"163 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143930756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0