Nigerian Journal of Cardiology最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence, profile, and pattern of congenital heart disease in Central India: A prospective, observational study","authors":"R. Meshram, Vishal S Gajimwar","doi":"10.4103/NJC.NJC_22_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/NJC.NJC_22_17","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and pattern of congenital heart disease (CHD) using echocardiography. Materials and Methods: Patients of 0–12-year-old attending outpatient and inpatient of pediatric department clinically diagnosed with heart disease were further evaluated with chest radiography, twelve-lead electrocardiograms, and the confirmation of the diagnosis was done using two-dimensional echocardiography. Results: Among a total of 42,423 patients availing outpatient and inpatient facilities at the pediatric department of a tertiary referral center, 655 were clinically suspected as having heart disease among which 430 patients were identified as CHD, giving a prevalence of 10.13/1000 live births. About 56.28% patients were below 1 year and male:female ratio was 1.3:1. Consanguinity was observed in 42.09% and most of them were of third degree. Breathlessness was the most common symptom and tachycardia was the most common sign. About 66.74% of patients were diagnosed with acyanotic and 33.26% with cyanotic type. The most common CHD was ventricular septal defect (VSD) (30.01%) followed by atrial septal defect (20.70%), tetralogy of fallot (TOF) (16.05%), and patent ductus arteriosus (10.23%). The most common cyanotic CHD was TOF followed by transposition of great vessels, total anomalous pulmonary venous connection, and single ventricle. Case fatality rate was 19.23% and most of the deaths in neonatal age group due to complex CHD, refractory congestive cardiac failure, sepsis, and pneumonia. Conclusion: The prevalence of CHD in this study was 10.13/1000 live births. VSD and TOF were the most common acyanotic and cyanotic CHD, respectively. Case fatality rate was 19.23% and most of the deaths occurred in neonatal age.","PeriodicalId":228906,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Cardiology","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114990645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Takayasu arteritis in Umuahia, South East Nigeria","authors":"O. Ukpabi, A. Chuku, Eme Offia, O. Okoli, Uchechukwu Ibewuike","doi":"10.4103/njc.njc_35_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njc.njc_35_17","url":null,"abstract":"Takayasu arteritis is a rare, systemic inflammatory large vessel vasculitis of unknown etiology that predominantly affects women of childbearing age. It is defined as granulomatous inflammation of the aorta and its major branches. Although the disease has a worldwide distribution, it is observed more frequently in Asian countries. It is rare in the black race as only a few cases have been documented. The objective of this study is to present a case of Takayasu arteritis diagnosed in South East, Nigeria, which is a rare disease in blacks. A 34-year-old female with clinical and radiological features of Takayasu arteritis is presented and related literatures reviewed. Although Takayasu arteritis is rare in the black race, with heightened clinical suspicion and appropriate investigations, more cases may be diagnosed.","PeriodicalId":228906,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Cardiology","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133452573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rising trend of cardiovascular diseases among South-Western Nigerian female patients","authors":"A. Adedapo","doi":"10.4103/NJC.NJC_23_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/NJC.NJC_23_17","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Developing countries though faced with increasing burden of cardiovascular disease have the least contribution in articles published on cardiovascular research. There is a paucity of report on the trend of cardiovascular diseases particularly no report is available on the trend in Nigerian female patients. The aim of this study is to determine the trend of cardiovascular diseases and the gender effect. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of medical admission in a public, secondary health center over a 5-year period (1997–2001) was carried out. Results: Of the 2474 patients, 37.0% with a mean age of 54.9 (14.6) years had cardiovascular diseases, 51.3% were females. Mean duration of hospital stay was 11.8 (9.1) days, range 1–90 days. This was a significant steady rise in the trend of cardiovascular disease which was higher among females (P = 0.003). Hypertension and hypertension-related complications constituted the bulk of cardiovascular diseases. Overall mortality was 155 (17%) for cardiovascular diseases although not significantly different gender wise was higher in males (86, 55.5%), P = 0.063. Conclusion: Targeted research and control of cardiovascular diseases among women may enhance the control of the menace of cardiovascular diseases.","PeriodicalId":228906,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Cardiology","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115113500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiac cephalgia presenting as acute coronary syndrome: A case report and review of literature","authors":"B. Majumder, P. Chatterjee, K. Sudeep, Sandip Ghosh","doi":"10.4103/njc.njc_16_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njc.njc_16_17","url":null,"abstract":"Although chest pain is the most common presentation of ischemic heart disease, there are other rare presenting symptoms such as indigestion, diaphoresis, and rarely only with headache. High degree of clinical suspicion is needed in any patient presenting with headache to have ischemic heart disease as an etiology. Hereby, we report an unusual case of acute coronary syndrome in a young patient under the age of 50 presenting with only headache.","PeriodicalId":228906,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Cardiology","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124678340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress-induced ischemia caused by conus branch of right coronary to right atrial coronary cameral fistula during treadmill test","authors":"R. Barik","doi":"10.4103/njc.njc_12_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njc.njc_12_17","url":null,"abstract":"A 28-year-old apparently healthy young male working in Border Security Force referred to our institute for annual master health checkup. The routine biochemical tests, 12-lead electrocardiogram (EKG), chest X-ray, and echo were normal. His exercise ECG was remarkable for significant horizontal ST depression in lead I, AVL, V4–V6 during treadmill test at 15 METs. He had usual breathlessness during exercise. Coronary angiogram revealed conus branch of right coronary artery to right atrial coronary cameral fistula draining into right atrium which may be an unusual reason for inducible ischemia at high-intensity exercise as the other coronary arteries were normal. He is now under regular follow-up for need–based, catheter-based intervention in the future because of asymptomatic presentation and small size fistula. A period of 12-month follow-up was uneventful.","PeriodicalId":228906,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Cardiology","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116760346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rare case of left ventricular pseudoaneurysm following stent thrombosis","authors":"Sandip Ghosh, B. Majumder, K. Sudeep, Praveen Shukla","doi":"10.4103/NJC.NJC_1_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/NJC.NJC_1_17","url":null,"abstract":"In the era of percutaneous coronary interventions, stent thrombosis is a rare, but potentially catastrophic complication with the majority of patients presenting with acute coronary syndromes or life-threatening arrhythmias. However, development of pseudoaneurysm following stent thrombosis is extremely rare. We report a case of left ventricular pseudoaneurysm following stent thrombosis that was successfully managed with coronary artery bypass grafting with resection of the pseudoaneurysm.","PeriodicalId":228906,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Cardiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116856123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of dyspeptic symptoms among patients on low-dose antiplatelet therapy","authors":"U. Okonkwo, I. Umoh, E. Henshaw, A. Victor","doi":"10.4103/NJC.NJC_15_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/NJC.NJC_15_17","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Low-dose antiplatelet therapy is the standard of care for the prevention of primary and secondary cardiovascular events. Dyspeptic symptoms may result in discontinuation of treatment. Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of dyspeptic symptoms among patients on low-dose antiplatelet therapy for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events. Subjects, Materials, and Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study of 253 adults on low-dose antiplatelet attending the Cardiology Clinic of the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital. Prevalence and clinical impact of dyspepsia were assessed using a structured questionnaire incorporating the gastrointestinal symptom rating scale. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20. Results: A total of 253 patients were recruited for this study. The mean age was 54 ± 12.2 years. The prevalence of dyspeptic symptoms was 47.8%. Epigastric pain was the most common self-reported dyspeptic symptom (33.2%) followed by heartburn (23.7%). Melena and hematemesis were reported by 5.5% and 1.2% of the patients. Treatment duration was longer for those with dyspeptic symptoms (45.8 ± 139.6 vs. 28.3 ± 31 months), but the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.17). A prior history of peptic ulcer disease was predictive of dyspeptic symptoms (odds radio; 8.62, confidence interval; 2.49–29.83). Majority (71.7%) of the patients reported their symptoms as occasional episodes which mildly impair their daily quality of life. Compliance was impacted in 6.7% of the patients. Conclusion: Dyspeptic symptoms, mostly epigastric pain, are prevalent among Nigerian patients on low-dose antiplatelets which negatively impact their daily life activities and compliance to treatment.","PeriodicalId":228906,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Cardiology","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130492211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of hypertension and diabetes and their determinants among commercial drivers in Ibadan metropolis, South-Western Nigeria","authors":"O. Odeyinka, Ikeoluwa A Ajayi","doi":"10.4103/NJC.NJC_11_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/NJC.NJC_11_17","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Undetected hypertension and diabetes could result in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications and may result in fatal road accidents if they occur while driving. Commercial drivers are prone to risk factors for these diseases. This study determined the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes among commercial drivers in Ibadan metropolis, South-western Nigeria. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 305 commercial drivers selected using multistage sampling technique from motor parks across Ibadan metropolis. The WHO stepwise interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for data collection on respondents' sociodemographic characteristics, work-related characteristics, knowledge about hypertension and diabetes, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and tobacco use. Blood pressure, anthropometry, and blood sugar level measurements were carried out. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure of ≥140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure of ≥90 mmHg and diabetes was defined as ≥126 mg/dl fasting blood sugar. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test. and logistic regression at α = 5%. Results: Mean age of respondents was 45.3 ± 10.5 years. About 47.5% and 37.8% demonstrated good knowledge about hypertension and diabetes, respectively. About 49% reported to have ever smoked, 78.0% had consumed alcohol, 45.5% ever had traffic accident, and 44.6% reported physical inactivity. The prevalence of hypertension was 27.7% and diabetes was 3.4% while 42.9% had comorbidity. Hypertension was found among 26.2% of those who had ever smoked and 47.2% of those obese (body mass index ≥30 kg/m2). Age ≥41 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.42, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.99–5.88) and abdominal obesity (aOR = 2.41, 95% CI = 0.99–5.83) were predictors of hypertension, and frequent fruit consumption was predictor of diabetes (aOR = 2.71, 95% CI = 0.23–32) although not significant. Conclusions: High prevalence of hypertension and relatively low prevalence of diabetes among commercial drivers in Ibadan metropolis call for health awareness campaign and free health screening in motor parks for early detection and prevention of the diseases.","PeriodicalId":228906,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Cardiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125509913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study of group a streptococcal pharyngitis among 3–15-year-old children attending clinics for an acute sore throat","authors":"Chinyere C. Uzodimma, Florence Dedeke, V. Nwadike, Olasunkanmi Owolabi, Gregory Arifalo, O. Oduwole","doi":"10.4103/NJC.NJC_14_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/NJC.NJC_14_17","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcus (GABHS) is the only causative organism of pharyngitis that is linked to the etiopathogenesis of acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease. Aim and Objectives: The objectives of the study were to determine the proportion of GABHS-related pharyngitis, the relationship of clinical symptoms and signs with positive culture outcome, and the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of GABHS among children aged 3–15 years, presenting with symptoms of sore throat in three public hospital settings across Abeokuta. Methods: Consecutive children aged 3–15 years who present with sore throat or drooling of saliva and any one of these following signs and symptoms were considered eligible: fever >37.5C, cervical lymphadenopathy, inflamed tonsils, and exudative tonsils. All bacitracin susceptible Gram-positive, catalase-negative cocci were classified as Streptococcus pyogenes. Results: Of 3386 children that were seen, (30) children met the eligibility criteria. Sixteen (53.3%) were males while 14 (46.7%) were females. The mean age of the children was 7.37 years ± 3.146. Cough was the most sensitive symptom (65%) while the presence of exudate was the most specific sign (70%) for GABHS acute sore throat. GABHS was isolated in 66.7% of the children. Streptococcus viridans was found in 4 (13.3%) while the remaining 6 (20%) were sterile. The highest sensitivity was shown to gentamicin and chloramphenicol while amoxicillin-clavulanic acid had the highest resistance (94%). Conclusion: The proportion of GABHS throat infection is high in this environment. The current findings underscore the need to increase awareness about appropriate throat examination and treatment of sore throat among primary care physicians.","PeriodicalId":228906,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Cardiology","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129205697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Large cardiac rhabdomyoma in two infants: Good response to medical management – A brief report","authors":"J. Chinawa, S. Garekar, Bhadra Y. Trivedi","doi":"10.4103/NJC.NJC_19_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/NJC.NJC_19_17","url":null,"abstract":"Rhabdomyomas are rare tumors in children often associated with tuberous sclerosis. They are usually diagnosed during antenatal period or as an incidental finding. The first case is a 2.5-month-old child who was diagnosed to have rhabdomyomas at gestational age of 24 weeks. Electrocardiogram revealed left axis deviation and multiple premature atrial contractions. Echocardiography showed massive tumor occupying the right ventricular cavity. Tuberous sclerosis was seen on magnetic resonance imaging. He was commenced on everolimus with obvious regression of tumor. The second case is an 8-month-old male who was referred to us for cardiac evaluation. Echocardiography showed two masses of rhabdomyoma. He was also placed on everolimus but was lost to follow-up. Rhabdomyomas are rare tumors of the heart which respond well to chemotherapy.","PeriodicalId":228906,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Cardiology","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115012545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}