{"title":"AoI-Driven Statistical Delay and Error-Rate Bounded QoS Provisioning for URLLC in the Finite Blocklength Regime","authors":"Xi Zhang, Jingqing Wang, H. Poor","doi":"10.1109/CISS50987.2021.9400231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CISS50987.2021.9400231","url":null,"abstract":"Inspired by the new and dominating traffic services - ultra-reliable and low latency communications (URLLC), finite blocklength coding (FBC) has been developed to support delay and error-rate bounded quality-of-services (QoS) provisioning for time-sensitive wireless applications by using short-packet data communications. On the other hand, the age of information (AoI) has recently emerged as a new dimension of QoS performance metric in terms of the freshness of updated information. Since the status updates normally consist only of a small number of information bits but warrant ultra-low latency, exploring AoI in the finite blocklength regime creates another promising solution for supporting URLLC services. However, how to efficiently integrate and implement the above new techniques for statistical delay and error-rate bounded QoS provisioning in the finite blocklength regime has neither been well understood nor thoroughly studied. To overcome these challenges, we propose the AoI-driven statistical delay and error-rate bounded QoS provisioning schemes which leverage the AoI technique as a key QoS performance metric to efficiently support URLLC in the finite blocklength regime. First, we build up the AoI-metric based modeling frameworks in the finite blocklength regime. Second, we apply the stochastic network calculus (SNC) to characterize the upper-bounded peak AoI violation probability. Third, we jointly optimize the peak AoI violation probability and ∊-effective capacity and characterize their tradeoff in supporting statistical delay and error-rate bounded QoS provisioning for URLLC. Finally, we conduct the extensive simulations to validate and evaluate our developed schemes in the finite blocklength regime.","PeriodicalId":228112,"journal":{"name":"2021 55th Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115116575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anticipatory Thinking: A Testing and Representation Challenge for Self-Driving Cars","authors":"Leilani H. Gilpin","doi":"10.1109/CISS50987.2021.9400212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CISS50987.2021.9400212","url":null,"abstract":"Ensuring autonomous systems can reason and anticipate unknown (erroneous) futures is important for safety, trust, and reliability. Self-driving is an important domain because of the difficulty in testing: not all erroneous scenarios cannot be covered in training nor simulation experiments. I propose a series of tests for autonomous vehicles that require anticipatory thinking: the deliberate and divergent exploration of relevant possible futures. These stress tests include abstract thinking like theory of mind or self-introspection instead of memorization. Developing this capability, results in adaptive, autonomous vehicles that can reason and address the ever-growing, long tail of errors.","PeriodicalId":228112,"journal":{"name":"2021 55th Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125866692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Attack Detection and Countermeasures for Autonomous Navigation","authors":"Md Tanvir Arafin, K. Kornegay","doi":"10.1109/CISS50987.2021.9400224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CISS50987.2021.9400224","url":null,"abstract":"Advances in artificial intelligence, machine learning, and robotics have profoundly impacted the field of autonomous navigation and driving. However, sensor spoofing attacks can compromise critical components and the control mechanisms of mobile robots. Therefore, understanding vulnerabilities in autonomous driving and developing countermeasures remains imperative for the safety of unmanned vehicles. Hence, we demonstrate cross-validation techniques for detecting spoofing attacks on the sensor data in autonomous driving in this work. First, we discuss how visual and inertial odometry (VIO) algorithms can provide a root-of-trust during navigation. Then, we develop examples for sensor data spoofing attacks using the open-source driving dataset. Next, we design an attack detection technique using VIO algorithms that cross-validates the navigation parameters using the IMU and the visual data. Following, we consider hardware-dependent attack survival mechanisms that support an autonomous system during an attack. Finally, we also provide an example of spoofing survival technique using on-board hardware oscillators. Our work demonstrates the applicability of classical mobile robotics algorithms and hardware security primitives in defending autonomous vehicles from targeted cyber attacks.","PeriodicalId":228112,"journal":{"name":"2021 55th Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127275865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Localizing Power-Grid Forced Oscillations Based on Harmonic Analysis of Synchrophasor Data","authors":"Sandip Roy, Wenyun Ju, Neeraj Nayak, B. Lesieutre","doi":"10.1109/CISS50987.2021.9400267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CISS50987.2021.9400267","url":null,"abstract":"Harmonics in synchrophasor measurements of forced-oscillation events in the power grid are used to support localization of oscillation sources. A network-theoretic argument is presented which shows that harmonics at sufficiently high frequencies degrade quickly with spatial distance from the oscillation source, as compared to content at the fundamental frequency. Then, harmonics in synchrophasor measurements are analyzed for three historical forced-oscillation events with known oscillation sources. These data analyses confirm that harmonics are measurable in forced-oscillation responses, and further that they generally show faster spatial degradation as compared to the fundamental-frequency content. Based on these observations, we suggest techniques for localizing forced-oscillation sources based on ratios between signal content at the harmonics and the fundamental frequency.","PeriodicalId":228112,"journal":{"name":"2021 55th Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127253453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the Smoothing of Deep Networks","authors":"Vincent Roulet, Zaïd Harchaoui","doi":"10.1109/CISS50987.2021.9400285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CISS50987.2021.9400285","url":null,"abstract":"Many popular deep neural networks implement an input-output mapping that is non-smooth with respect to the network parameters. This non-smoothness may have contributed to the difficulty of analyzing deep learning theoretically. Sophisticated approaches have recently been proposed to address this specific difficulty. In this note, we explore a simple approach consisting instead in smoothing the input-output mapping. We show how to perform smoothing automatically within a differentiable programming framework. The impact of the smoothing on the convergence behavior can then be automatically controlled. We illustrate our approach with numerical examples using multilayer perceptrons.","PeriodicalId":228112,"journal":{"name":"2021 55th Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130210165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Deep Learning-Based Anomaly Detection in LAN from Raw Network Traffic Measurement","authors":"Yuwei Sun, H. Ochiai, H. Esaki","doi":"10.1109/CISS50987.2021.9400241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CISS50987.2021.9400241","url":null,"abstract":"The digitalization occurring in various industries is bringing more information transmitted through networks. More resilient and efficient network traffic monitoring systems are in high demand to safeguard network flows. In this article, we presented a combined approach of anomaly detection in LAN based on raw network traffic observation and measurement, the collected data being converted to regulated chunks of 480 bits. A network traffic dataset including multi-type anomalies from a honeypot device in LAN was employed, with a total of two weeks' data. By further integrating the representation with supervised learning and knowledge-based labeling methods, we aim to classify raw network traffic thus detecting anomaly from raw data measurement without using manually crafted features. We conducted the model training against accuracy and evaluated the scheme based on a separated validation set against a metric of precision. Finally, we achieved a validation precision score of 0.980 for detecting ARP flooding, a score of 0.801 for detecting malicious SMB, and a score of 0.815 for detecting TCP SYN flooding respectively.","PeriodicalId":228112,"journal":{"name":"2021 55th Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125466278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimizing Sensor Locations to Improve the Worst Case Detection Performance of Sensor Detection Systems","authors":"Ryan Vegrzyn, Benedito J. B. Fonseca","doi":"10.1109/CISS50987.2021.9400220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CISS50987.2021.9400220","url":null,"abstract":"Consider designing a sensor system to detect an emitter at an unknown location. For this scenario, it is common to place the sensors in a grid pattern. This paper shows that we can improve the worst case probability of detection over the grid pattern by optimizing the sensor locations. Using Torczon's local search algorithm, our results indicate that this algorithm can improve the worst case probability of detection by up to nearly 23% in the scenario considered.","PeriodicalId":228112,"journal":{"name":"2021 55th Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126462636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Hybrid Approach to Joint Estimation of MIMO Channel and Antenna Impedance Matrices","authors":"Shaohan Wu","doi":"10.1109/CISS50987.2021.9400229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CISS50987.2021.9400229","url":null,"abstract":"Antenna impedance matching significantly affects the channel capacity of compact MIMO receivers. When antenna impedance is known to the receiver, channel capacity can be optimized. However, channel capacity may diminish, when antenna impedance varies due to time-varying near-field loading. This motivates impedance estimation in real-time. In this paper, we derive joint MAP/ML estimators for channel and impedance matrices in closed-form. As one result, we develop a design principle leveraging a trade-off between channel and impedance estimation, which depends on transmit diversity.","PeriodicalId":228112,"journal":{"name":"2021 55th Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121573590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yasuki Kakishita, Arkadip Ray, Hideharu Hattori, A. Hisada, Y. Ominami, J. Baudoin, J. B. Khalil, D. Raoult
{"title":"Quantitative Analysis System for Bacterial Cells in SEM Image using Deep Learning","authors":"Yasuki Kakishita, Arkadip Ray, Hideharu Hattori, A. Hisada, Y. Ominami, J. Baudoin, J. B. Khalil, D. Raoult","doi":"10.1109/CISS50987.2021.9400322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CISS50987.2021.9400322","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we propose a system to analyze bacteria from a given Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) image of the bacterial sample. Thousands of bacteria lives in the human gut and recent studies have shown that the quantitative features of the microbiome, such as co-existence ratio of different bacteria, can be indicative of the health condition in humans. Conventional bacteria analysis methods using microscopic images, can only be used to examine a single bacteria colony. In contrast, we propose a novel system to morphologically analyze the bacteria from SEM images. By this, we expect to enable a rapid analysis of the human gut bacteria ratio, in which various type of bacteria are mixed. However, to achieve an automatic and accurate count of the bacteria in the SEM images, it is important to accurately identify the bacteria regions, separate the connected bacteria regions and classify them. To address this, we propose a system that includes a segmentation, separation and a classification module. Our system achieves more than 90% recall for all of original three datasets that we have created. Subsequently, we show the comparison results between another state-of-the-art segmentation method and our system, and we empirically report that our system has a better performance.","PeriodicalId":228112,"journal":{"name":"2021 55th Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS)","volume":"50 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113956800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Spike-based Cellular-Neural Network Architecture for Spatiotemporal filtering","authors":"Jonah P. Sengupta, M. Villemur, A. Andreou","doi":"10.1109/CISS50987.2021.9400308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CISS50987.2021.9400308","url":null,"abstract":"The foundation and architecture for a spike-based, neuromorphic cellular neural network is presented. Spike information from an event-based, dynamic vision sensor is processed asynchronously by the architecture in parallel. An array of $N^{2}$ processing elements (PEs) with eight neighbor clique is the primitive unit of the processor. Spatiotemporal filtering of spike data is accomplised via mixed-signed, embedded morphological processing using a simplicial piecewise linear approximation. Preliminary simulation and modeling on data acquired from event-based sensors show a clear pathway towards the realization of the architecture in hardware.","PeriodicalId":228112,"journal":{"name":"2021 55th Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS)","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123796580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}