The Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society最新文献

{"title":"Effect of cathodic arc plasma spraying on shear bond strength between polyether ether ketone and maxillofacial silicone after accelerated aging - An in vitro study.","authors":"Ganesh Ramkumar Rajapandi, Ahila Singaravel Chidambaranathan, Muthukumar Balasubramanium","doi":"10.4103/jips.jips_203_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jips.jips_203_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate and compare the shear bond strength between polyether ether ketone (PEEK) and maxillofacial silicone after cathodic arc plasma spraying and accelerated aging.</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>An in vitro study.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>According to ISO 10477:2020, 72 PEEK specimens were fabricated using computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing with 10-mm diameter and 3-mm thickness, and the silicone specimens were made with 5-mm diameter with 2.5-mm height. The specimens were categorized into Group 1 - No surface treatment, Group 2 - Cathodic arc plasma spraying, and Group 3 - Primer application. The silicone specimens were bonded to PEEK and subjected to accelerated aging for 252 and 504 h. The shear bond strength was performed using a universal testing machine at 1 mm/min crosshead speed.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis used: </strong>One-way ANOVA, Tukey HSD test, and Student's t-test, where P < 0.5 was set as significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PEEK specimens subjected to primer application exhibited highest shear bond strength of 19.22 ± 0.35 Mpa, 18.55 ± 0.60 Mpa, 18.14 ± 0.65 Mpa, followed by cathodic arc plasma spraying 14.71 ± 0.28 Mpa, 13.54 ± 0.42 Mpa, 12.46 ± 0.48 Mpa after 24 h of fabrication, 252 h, and 504 h of aging and the least shear bond strength exhibited by control 4.98 ± 0.32, Mpa, 4.52 ± 0.33 Mpa, 4.2 ± 0.39 Mpa, respectively. The significance value P = 0.0001, which was <0.05. Hence, the results were found to be statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The maximum shear bond strength between PEEK and maxillofacial silicone was seen after primer application, followed by cathodic arc plasma surface treatment. Increasing the aging hours from 252 to 504 h, the shear bond strength was relatively reduced between PEEK and maxillofacial silicone.</p>","PeriodicalId":22669,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society","volume":"25 4","pages":"305-311"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145329797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro evaluation of the dispersion of nano-polylactic acid and nano-zinc oxide fillers in denture base resins using spectroscopic modalities.","authors":"Nikita Parasrampuria, N Gopi Chander, Jayanta Chattopadhyay","doi":"10.4103/jips.jips_142_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jips.jips_142_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is a widely used denture base material, but its mechanical and antimicrobial properties require further improvement to the diverse clinical situations. Nanoparticles such as zinc oxide (ZnO) and polylactic acid (PLA) offer promising enhancements through improved structural and functional integration. The aim of the study was to assess the molecular characterization and structural integration of PMMA modified with nano-ZnO and nano-PLA.</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>This was an in vitro material characterization study.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Forty samples were fabricated and divided into two groups: control (n = 20, unmodified PMMA) and test (n = 20, PMMA reinforced with 10% nano-PLA and 3% ZnO). A high-shear mixing technique was used. Molecular interactions were evaluated using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) estimated the nanoparticle dispersion and elemental composition.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis used: </strong>Qualitative analysis was used for statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FTIR confirmed the inclusion of nano-PLA and nano-ZnO, with a broad absorption peak at 3500 cm-1 indicating increased polarity and hydrogen bonding. EDS analysis verified the presence of carbon, oxygen, and zinc, with uniform nanoparticle dispersion. Nano-PLA addition reduced crystallinity and nano-ZnO promoted crystal formation, indicating their functions in structural modification.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study confirmed molecular interactions and uniform elemental dispersion, with indications of reduced crystallinity. These findings suggest potential for further investigations into the mechanical and antimicrobial properties of this modified resin for clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":22669,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society","volume":"25 4","pages":"346-352"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145329798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of fracture toughness and antifungal properties of polymethyl methacrylate and polyetheretherketone incorporated with titanium dioxide nanoparticles in different concentrations - An in vitro study.","authors":"S S Sivananda Narasimha Teja Vetsa, Peter John, Muthukumar Balasubramaniam","doi":"10.4103/jips.jips_253_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jips.jips_253_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to compare and evaluate the fracture toughness and antifungal properties of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and polyether etherketone (PEEK) materials incorporated with titanium dioxide nanoparticles at two different concentrations (2% and 3%).</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>A total of 42 PMMA specimens and 42 PEEK specimens were fabricated, with each group consisting of 7 specimens and a total of 6 groups, and each group was subjected to tests for fracture toughness and antifungal property.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The PMMA specimens were fabricated by incorporating TiO2 nanoparticles in 2 and 3 percentages into the polymer, followed by making the specimens in the lost wax technique, and PEEK specimens were fabricated by incorporating the nanoparticles into the pellets in 2 and 3 percentages, followed by filament extrusion, and this filament was used for three-dimensional printing the specimens in required dimensions. Once the specimens were fabricated, these were tested for fracture toughness using urinary tract mycosis and antifungal properties using the green synthesis method. Later, statistical analysis was performed to determine the significance.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis used: </strong>Statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 20.0. The Shapiro-Wilk test was applied to each group for assessment of data normality. One-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey's post hoc test was done.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fracture toughness of PMMA with 3% of TiO2 was highest among the PMMA group, being 1.62 ± 0.64 MPa m1/2 and PEEK with 3% of TiO2 is highest among the PEEK group being 4.91 ± 0.30 MPa m1/2 when compared to 0% and 2% groups. Similarly, for anti-Candida, the results were better in the group with 3% of TiO2 PMMA (154.86 ± 3.13 CFU/100 mL) and 3% of TiO2 PEEK (131.14 ± 2.73 CFU/100 mL) compared to other groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both fracture toughness and anti-Candida properties were improved when incorporated with TiO2 nanoparticles, these properties enhanced as the concentration of nanoparticles increased within the limitations of the study.</p>","PeriodicalId":22669,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society","volume":"25 4","pages":"340-345"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145329779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of photofunctionalization with and without vibration on osseointegration of titanium implants: A comparative in vitro study.","authors":"Priyanka Patra, Rajyalakshmi Ravuri, Praveen Mamidi, Gautam Kumar Annojjula, Tejaswi Manasa Emany, Chittaranjan Bogishetty","doi":"10.4103/jips.jips_194_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jips.jips_194_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Enhancing early cell-implant interaction is vital for successful osseointegration. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the combined effect of photofunctionalization and low-frequency mechanical vibration on osteoblast cells derived from human placental tissue cultured on titanium surfaces.</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>Following approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee and informed consent, a controlled in vitro experimental study was conducted in the Department of Prosthodontics in collaboration with a certified cell culture laboratory.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Osteoblast cells were isolated and cultured. Titanium implant surface was photofunctionalized using ultraviolet C (UV-C) light (254 nm) for 48 h. Cells were seeded onto the implant surface and divided into three groups: Group 1: Control (untreated titanium), Group 2: UV-treated titanium, and Group 3: UV-treated titanium implant with mechanical vibration (20 Hz for 3 min/day for 3 days) to osteoblast cells. Cell proliferation was assessed using MTT assay, mineralization via Alizarin Red S staining, and osteogenic gene expression (runt-related transcription factor-2, Alkaline phosphatase, OCN) through reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis used: </strong>Data were analyzed using analysis of variance with Tukey's post hoc test (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The combination of photofunctionalization and mechanical vibration (Group 3) significantly enhanced cell proliferation, mineral deposition, and osteogenic gene expression compared to Groups 1 and 2 (P < 0.05). While photofunctionalization alone improved osteoblast activity, the synergistic application of mechanical vibration further amplified the response.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combination of photofunctionalization and low-frequency vibration significantly enhances the osteogenic response of osteoblast cells to titanium, indicating its potential to improve implant osseointegration.</p>","PeriodicalId":22669,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society","volume":"25 4","pages":"334-339"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145329787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immediate complete denture rehabilitation using combined digital-functional impression technique and three-dimensional-printed occlusal templates.","authors":"Dhitika Handa, Abhijit Ashok Patil, Ajay Sabane, Rupali Patil","doi":"10.4103/jips.jips_353_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jips.jips_353_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Integration of digital technology in prosthodontics enables precise and predictable outcomes. A hybrid digital-conventional workflow combines the accuracy of digital protocols with the reliability of traditional techniques. A 46-year-old male with generalized aggressive periodontitis required full-mouth extraction and immediate dentures. Intraoral scans were captured at the existing vertical dimension and used to design custom trays in EXOCAD. The trays, three-dimensional-printed with windows for natural teeth, facilitated border molding and final impressions for soft tissue capture. These impressions were digitized, superimposed on intraoral scans, and used to create a virtual model, perform virtual extractions, and fabricate definitive dentures. The digital approach improved patient comfort, accelerated planning, and enhanced accuracy, while conventional steps ensured an optimal peripheral seal in scanner-inaccessible areas. The technique delivered a functionally stable and esthetically satisfactory outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":22669,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society","volume":"25 4","pages":"377-382"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145329807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of prosthodontists in managing peri-implantitis.","authors":"Shilpa R Shetty","doi":"10.4103/jips.jips_476_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jips.jips_476_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22669,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society","volume":"25 4","pages":"283-284"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145329810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of glazed and polished 3Y-TZP and 5 mol% yttria-stabilized partially stabilized zirconia on fibroblast behavior: In vitro study.","authors":"Mahima Ahuja, Umesh Y Pai, Vignesh Kamath, Ann Sales, Shobha J Rodrigues","doi":"10.4103/jips.jips_345_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jips.jips_345_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate and compare the viability, proliferation, and adhesion of HGFs on glazed and polished surfaces of 3 mol% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia (3Y-TZP) and 5 mol% yttria-stabilized partially stabilized zirconia (5Y-PSZ).</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>This in vitro experimental study was conducted to evaluate the viability, proliferation, and adhesion of HGFs on zirconia discs with different compositions (3Y-TZP and 5Y-PSZ) and surface treatments (glazed and polished). The study employed a comparative design with four groups based on the combination of material type and surface finish.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Sixty-four zirconia discs (n = 16/group) were prepared in four groups: 3Y-TZP glazed, 3Y-TZP polished, 5Y-PSZ glazed, and 5Y-PSZ polished. HGFs were cultured on each specimen. Cell viability was assessed using MTT assay at 24 h and 7 days. Cell morphology and adhesion were analyzed using the scanning electron microscope (SEM).</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis used: </strong>Statistical analysis was performed using the two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's post hoc test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All groups showed >70% cell viability at both time points, indicating noncytotoxicity. Polished zirconia surfaces exhibited significantly higher cell viability than glazed surfaces at 7 days (P < 0.05), with 5Y-PSZ polished showing the highest viability (95.4%). SEM revealed better fibroblast spreading and filopodia formation on polished surfaces. Two-way ANOVA indicated significant effects of material type and surface finish on cell viability (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Polished zirconia surfaces, irrespective of yttria content, enhanced HGF viability and adhesion compared to glazed surfaces. These findings suggest that polishing promotes superior soft-tissue integration and may contribute to the long-term biological success of zirconia restorations.</p>","PeriodicalId":22669,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society","volume":"25 4","pages":"362-368"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145329804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shear bond strength of intraoral porcelain repair systems to various CAD/CAM restorative materials.","authors":"Yusuf Polat, Gözde Sarak, Zeynep Özkurt-Kayahan","doi":"10.4103/jips.jips_113_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jips.jips_113_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this research was to evaluate and compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of two intraoral porcelain repair systems to various restorative materials with and without thermocycling.</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>The study employed an in vitro design with a disc-shaped samples (7 mm × 3 mm) bonded to repair systems, including thermocycling and SBS test with a universal testing machine.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Two hundred polyetheretherketone (PEEK), cobalt-chromium, zirconia, titanium, and glass ceramic samples were prepared with the computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacture system according to the ISO 6872:2024 (n = 40). After all samples were polished with silicon carbide sandpaper, the bonding surface was roughened with 50 µm Al2O3. Then, all materials were divided into two subgroups (n = 20) according to the repair system used: Bredent and Clearfil repair systems. After sample preparation, each group was divided into two subgroups (n = 10) and subjected to different storage conditions, short- and long-term storage (with 5000 thermocycles). SBS tests were performed on all samples, and fracture types were examined.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis used: </strong>The data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance and Tukey's honestly significant difference test. Significance was determined as P < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In short-term storage, when Clearfil repair system was evaluated, the lowest SBS values were recorded for glass ceramic (7.88 ± 1.63 MPa), and the highest SBS values were recorded for titanium (14.92 ± 3.65 MPa) (P < 0.05). When Bredent repair system was evaluated in short-term storage, the lowest SBS values were recorded for zirconia (8.33 ± 1.84 MPa), and the highest SBS values were recorded for titanium (15.77 ± 5.79 MPa) (P < 0.05). Long-term storage decreased the bonding between the materials and the repair systems.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Clearfil system, used on metal, titanium, and zirconia, and the Bredent system used on PEEK, metal, and titanium materials, demonstrated a minimum SBS of 10 MPa in the short term, suggesting their appropriateness for clinical use. Long-term storage decreased the bonding between the materials and the repair systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":22669,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society","volume":"25 4","pages":"295-304"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145329830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping the trends of peer-reviewed research on platform switching - A bibliometric analysis.","authors":"Abrar Ahmad Hakeem, Mohammad Muneeb Mubashir","doi":"10.4103/jips.jips_220_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jips.jips_220_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To conduct a bibliometric analysis of peer-reviewed literature concerning the platform switching (PS) concept in dental implants, assessing publication trends, influential authors, leading journals, and prevalent research themes.</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>Bibliometric analysis based on peer-reviewed publications retrieved from major scientific databases.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was conducted across five electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, and ScienceDirect, covering publications from 2000 to 2025. Search terms included \"platform switching,\" \"dental implants,\" \"marginal bone loss,\" and \"bibliometric analysis.\" Inclusion criteria comprised peer-reviewed original articles, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and clinical studies focusing on PS. Bibliometric indicators, including publication counts, citation analysis, authorship patterns, and keyword co-occurrence, were analyzed using bibliometric tools.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis used: </strong>Descriptive bibliometric statistics were applied, including publication trends, citation frequencies, and network visualizations for keyword co-occurrence and authorship patterns.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis revealed a substantial increase in PS-related publications after 2005, peaking in 2015. Influential contributors include Lazzara, Porter, and Atieh. The Journal of Periodontology, Clinical Oral Implants Research, and the Journal of Clinical Medicine were identified as leading journals in this domain. Prominent research themes focus on marginal bone preservation, implant-abutment interface design, and the biomechanical implications of PS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This bibliometric analysis demonstrates a growing scholarly interest in platform switching within implant dentistry. The concentration of research within specific journals and among a limited number of authors highlights the need for broader dissemination and diversification in future investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":22669,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society","volume":"25 4","pages":"285-294"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145329739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of optical, surface, and microbiological properties of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing-milled and three-dimensional-printed denture bases after aging by thermocycling: An in vitro study.","authors":"Victor Augusto Alves Bento, João Mateus Cavalaro Sayeg, Cleber Davi Del Rei Daltro Rosa, Leonardo Ferreira de Toledo Piza Lopes, Maria Carolina Silva Marques, Eduardo Piza Pellizzer","doi":"10.4103/jips.jips_88_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jips.jips_88_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the surface properties, optical stability, and Candida albicans adhesion to resins used in the base of conventional, milled, and three-dimensional (3D)-printed dentures after aging by thermocycling.</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>In vitro study.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 96 resin samples were manufactured, divided into 3 resin groups (n= 32) (conventional thermally activated, milled and 3D-printed), and subdivided into 4 aging times by thermocycling at temperatures 5 ± 1°C and 55 ± 1°C in 24h, 5.000, 10.000, 20.000 cycles (n = 8), evaluating the adhesion of C. albicans, optical stability, surface roughness, hydrophilicity, and energy surface.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis used: </strong>Data were evaluated by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test for pairwise comparisons (P < .05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Conventional resin exhibited lower C. albicans colonization, with significant reductions at T1 (1.05±1.38) (P = .003) and T3 (3.67 ±1.86) (P = .023) compared to other resins. The conventional resin had significantly the lowest ΔE00 value at T0 (0.98 ± 0.41) (P < .05). The milled resin had significantly lower roughness value at T0 (0.031 ± 0.00) (P < .05). The conventional resin had significantly higher surface energy values compared to the other resins (P < .05). The conventional resin exhibited a significantly lower water contact angle than the other resins (P < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The conventional thermally activated resin showed less adhesion of C. albicans than the resins manufactured by CAD/CAM. Among CAD/CAM resins, milled resin showed better properties than 3D-printed resin over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":22669,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society","volume":"25 4","pages":"312-319"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145329766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}