Evaluation of optical, surface, and microbiological properties of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing-milled and three-dimensional-printed denture bases after aging by thermocycling: An in vitro study.

IF 1 Q3 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

The Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-20 DOI:10.4103/jips.jips_88_25

Victor Augusto Alves Bento, João Mateus Cavalaro Sayeg, Cleber Davi Del Rei Daltro Rosa, Leonardo Ferreira de Toledo Piza Lopes, Maria Carolina Silva Marques, Eduardo Piza Pellizzer

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Abstract

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the surface properties, optical stability, and Candida albicans adhesion to resins used in the base of conventional, milled, and three-dimensional (3D)-printed dentures after aging by thermocycling.

Settings and design: In vitro study.

Materials and methods: A total of 96 resin samples were manufactured, divided into 3 resin groups (n= 32) (conventional thermally activated, milled and 3D-printed), and subdivided into 4 aging times by thermocycling at temperatures 5 ± 1°C and 55 ± 1°C in 24h, 5.000, 10.000, 20.000 cycles (n = 8), evaluating the adhesion of C. albicans, optical stability, surface roughness, hydrophilicity, and energy surface.

Statistical analysis used: Data were evaluated by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test for pairwise comparisons (P < .05).

Results: Conventional resin exhibited lower C. albicans colonization, with significant reductions at T1 (1.05±1.38) (P = .003) and T3 (3.67 ±1.86) (P = .023) compared to other resins. The conventional resin had significantly the lowest ΔE00 value at T0 (0.98 ± 0.41) (P < .05). The milled resin had significantly lower roughness value at T0 (0.031 ± 0.00) (P < .05). The conventional resin had significantly higher surface energy values compared to the other resins (P < .05). The conventional resin exhibited a significantly lower water contact angle than the other resins (P < .001).

Conclusion: The conventional thermally activated resin showed less adhesion of C. albicans than the resins manufactured by CAD/CAM. Among CAD/CAM resins, milled resin showed better properties than 3D-printed resin over time.

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热循环老化后计算机辅助设计/计算机辅助制造-研磨和三维打印义齿基托的光学、表面和微生物特性评价：一项体外研究。

目的：本研究的目的是评估热循环老化后普通假牙、研磨假牙和3D打印假牙基托树脂的表面特性、光学稳定性和白色念珠菌对树脂的粘附性。设置和设计：体外研究。材料和方法：共制备96个树脂样品，分为3组树脂（n= 32）（常规热活化、铣削和3d打印），并通过在5±1℃和55±1℃温度下进行24h、5.000、10.000、20.000次热循环（n= 8），再分为4次老化，评估白色念珠菌的粘附性、光学稳定性、表面粗糙度、亲水性和能面。采用统计学分析：两两比较采用双因素方差分析和Tukey检验（P < 0.05）。结果：常规树脂具有较低的白色念珠菌定植，T1(1.05±1.38)（P = 0.003）和T3(3.67±1.86)（P = 0.023）较其他树脂显著降低。常规树脂在T0时ΔE00值最低（0.98±0.41）（P < 0.05）。铣削后的树脂在T0（0.031±0.00）时粗糙度值显著降低（P < 0.05）。常规树脂的表面能值显著高于其他树脂（P < 0.05）。常规树脂的水接触角明显低于其他树脂（P < 0.001）。结论：与CAD/CAM制备的树脂相比，常规热活化树脂对白色念珠菌的粘附性较低。在CAD/CAM树脂中，随着时间的推移，铣削树脂的性能优于3d打印树脂。

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