The British Journal of Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Transdiagnostic use of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-assisted therapy to treat obsessive–compulsive disorder","authors":"Ziad Saade, Alex S. Keuroghlian","doi":"10.1192/bjp.2024.277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2024.277","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article explores the potential of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-assisted therapy to enhance exposure and response prevention in obsessive–compulsive disorder treatment. We discuss the mechanisms of MDMA, including fear extinction, psychological flexibility, and empathogenic effects that may improve adherence and efficacy, as well as highlighting important safety considerations for further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":22495,"journal":{"name":"The British Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143495158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Professorships in child and adolescent psychiatry relative to a similarly sized medical specialty in the UK and Ireland: cross-sectional study","authors":"Ian Kelleher, Aleksandra Z. Poziemska, Valentina Kieseppä, Anita Thapar, Bernadka Dubicka, Elaine Lockhart, Tamsin Ford, Helen Minnis, Louise Gallagher, Fiona McNicholas, Kirstie O'Hare","doi":"10.1192/bjp.2024.179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2024.179","url":null,"abstract":"<span>Background</span><p>A youth mental health crisis is considered one of the great challenges of our time, and research and clinical services in child and adolescent psychiatry have become a priority for governments and funders. Academic leadership is needed to drive forward research. It is not clear how many senior academic leadership posts (professorships) there are in child and adolescent psychiatry, nor how this benchmarks against a similarly sized medical specialty.</p><span>Aims</span><p>This study aimed to determine the number of professorships in child and adolescent psychiatry in the UK and Ireland compared to a similarly sized specialty. A secondary aim was to identify the number of clinical trials registered for mental and behavioural disorders in children.</p><span>Method</span><p>We identified registered specialists in child and adolescent psychiatry and a similarly sized specialty who held full professorships in medical schools. We searched the International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) and ClinicalTrials.gov for trials.</p><span>Results</span><p>As of 23 March 2023, there were 1725 doctors on the General Medical Council's (GMC) specialist register in child and adolescent psychiatry. The closest specialty in terms of number of registered specialists was neurology (<span>N</span> = 1724). We identified 24 professors in child and adolescent psychiatry across the UK and Ireland, compared to 124 in neurology. For every intervention trial registered for mental and behavioural disorders in children, there were approximately ten trials registered for diseases of the nervous system.</p><span>Conclusions</span><p>Despite equivalent numbers of medical specialists in child and adolescent psychiatry and neurology, there is a striking disparity in the number of professorship appointments. While young peoples’ mental health has, ostensibly, become a priority for policy-makers and funders, this is not reflected in medical professorship appointments. The paucity of senior academic child and adolescent psychiatrists has real-world implications for training, research, innovation and service development in mental health services.</p>","PeriodicalId":22495,"journal":{"name":"The British Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143258626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural processes linking joint hypermobility and anxiety: key roles for the amygdala and insular cortex","authors":"Christina N. Kampoureli, Charlotte L. Rae, Cassandra Gould Van Praag, Neil A. Harrison, Sarah N. Garfinkel, Hugo D. Critchley, Jessica A. Eccles","doi":"10.1192/bjp.2024.259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2024.259","url":null,"abstract":"<span>Background</span><p>Anxiety symptoms are elevated among people with joint hypermobility. The underlying neural mechanisms are attributed theoretically to effects of variant connective tissue on the precision of interoceptive representations contributing to emotions.</p><span>Aim</span><p>To investigate the neural correlates of anxiety and hypermobility using functional neuroimaging.</p><span>Method</span><p>We used functional magnetic resonance neuroimaging to quantify regional brain responses to emotional stimuli (facial expressions) in people with generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) (<span>N</span> = 30) and a non-anxious comparison group (<span>N</span> = 33). All participants were assessed for joint laxity and were classified (using Brighton Criteria) for the presence and absence of hypermobility syndrome (HMS: now considered hypermobility spectrum disorder).</p><span>Results</span><p>Participants with HMS showed attenuated neural reactivity to emotional faces in specific frontal (inferior frontal gyrus, pre-supplementary motor area), midline (anterior mid and posterior cingulate cortices) and parietal (precuneus and supramarginal gyrus) regions. Notably, interaction between HMS and anxiety was expressed in reactivity of the left amygdala (a region implicated in threat processing) and mid insula (primary interoceptive cortex) where activity was amplified in people with HMS with GAD. Severity of hypermobility in anxious, compared with non-anxious, individuals correlated with activity within the anterior insula (implicated as the neural substrate linking anxious feelings to physiological state). Amygdala-precuneus functional connectivity was stronger in participants with HMS, compared with non-HMS participants.</p><span>Conclusions</span><p>The predisposition to anxiety in people with variant connective tissue reflects dynamic interactions between neural centres processing threat (amygdala) and representing bodily state (insular and parietal cortices). Correspondingly, interventions to regulate amygdala reactivity while enhancing interoceptive precision may have therapeutic benefit for symptomatic hypermobile individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":22495,"journal":{"name":"The British Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143077513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clozapine, relapse and adverse events: 10-year electronic cohort study in Canada: commentary, Kikuchi.","authors":"Yuki Kikuchi","doi":"10.1192/bjp.2024.232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2024.232","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22495,"journal":{"name":"The British Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"53 1","pages":"53-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143062073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of suicidal behaviour as a three-body problem.","authors":"Philip J Batterham,Fiona Shand,Bridianne O'Dea","doi":"10.1192/bjp.2024.183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2024.183","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22495,"journal":{"name":"The British Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"65 1","pages":"49-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143062090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clozapine, relapse, and adverse events: a 10-year electronic cohort study in Canada: commentary: author response.","authors":"Shawn Halayka,Lloyd Balbuena","doi":"10.1192/bjp.2024.254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2024.254","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22495,"journal":{"name":"The British Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"27 1","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143062011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The garden of tomorrow - Reflection.","authors":"Antonio Yaghy","doi":"10.1192/bjp.2024.268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2024.268","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22495,"journal":{"name":"The British Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"50 1","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143062010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on self-harm and self-harm/suicide ideation: population wide, data linkage study and time series analysis: Commentary, Patra et al","authors":"Bichitra Nanda Patra, Ananya Pant","doi":"10.1192/bjp.2024.130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2024.130","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The commentary raises important points like patients' actual availability of out- or in-patient services in the wake of pandemics and nationwide lockdowns. The focus is also drawn to missed opportunities to include data from hotlines and online services, a possible increase in death by suicides or changes in the factors that could add up to or protect a person from suicide.</p>","PeriodicalId":22495,"journal":{"name":"The British Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143056237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The dance of imperfection - Reflection.","authors":"Antonio Yaghy","doi":"10.1192/bjp.2024.271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2024.271","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22495,"journal":{"name":"The British Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"74 1","pages":"52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143062071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Computerised Assessment of Motor Imitation (CAMI) for identifying autism-specific difficulties not observed for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder or neurotypical development","authors":"Romila Santra, Carolina Pacheco, Deana Crocetti, René Vidal, Stewart H. Mostofsky, Bahar Tunçgenç","doi":"10.1192/bjp.2024.235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2024.235","url":null,"abstract":"<span>Background</span><p>Reliable and specific biomarkers that can distinguish autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) from commonly co-occurring attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are lacking, causing misses and delays in diagnosis, and reducing access to interventions and quality of life.</p><span>Aims</span><p>To examine whether an innovative, brief (1-min), videogame method called Computerised Assessment of Motor Imitation (CAMI), can identify ASD-specific imitation differences compared with neurotypical children and children with ADHD.</p><span>Method</span><p>This cross-sectional study used CAMI alongside standardised parent-report (Social Responsiveness Scale, Second Edition) and observational measures of autism (Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Second Edition; ADOS-2), ADHD (Conners) and motor ability (Physical and Neurological Examination for Soft Signs). The sample comprised 183 children aged 7–13 years, with ADHD (without ASD), with ASD (with and without ADHD) and who were neurotypical.</p><span>Results</span><p>Regardless of co-occurring ADHD, children with ASD showed poorer CAMI performance than neurotypical children (<span>P</span> &lt; 0.0001; adjusted <span>R<span>2</span></span> = 0.28), whereas children with ADHD and neurotypical children showed similar CAMI performance. Receiver operating curve and support vector machine analyses showed that CAMI distinguishes ASD from both neurotypical children (80% true positive rate) and children with ADHD (70% true positive rate), with a high success rate significantly above chance. Among children with ASD, poor CAMI performance was associated with increased autism traits, particularly ADOS-2 measures of social affect and restricted and repetitive behaviours (adjusted <span>R<span>2</span></span> = 0.23), but not with ADHD traits or motor ability.</p><span>Conclusions</span><p>Four levels of analyses confirm that poor imitation measured by the low-cost and scalable CAMI method specifically distinguishes ASD not only from neurotypical development, but also from commonly co-occurring ADHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":22495,"journal":{"name":"The British Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143049729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}