The BMJ最新文献_第6页

Wellcome’s new head on the future of clinical research funding 惠康新负责人谈临床研究资金的未来

The BMJ Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.q1257

Mun-Keat Looi

{"title":"Wellcome’s new head on the future of clinical research funding","authors":"Mun-Keat Looi","doi":"10.1136/bmj.q1257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.q1257","url":null,"abstract":"After more than a decade under the stewardship of Jeremy Farrar, the Wellcome Trust has switched from having a director to a chief executive officer. So, what changes are afoot for the independent funder worth some £38bn? The BMJ asks the new man in charge, John-Arne Røttingen John-Arne Røttingen, like his predecessor, the infectious disease specialist Jeremy Farrar,1 is a doctor. He’s also a former global health ambassador for his home country of Norway and led its state funding body, the Research Council of Norway. “I’m a physician scientist. I’ve been really motivated by this sort of science—that’s why I started studying medicine,” he tells The BMJ . He studied medicine at the University of Oslo and, among other qualifications, holds an MSc from the University of Oxford. His research has covered basic science, epidemiology, clinical trials, health services research, and global health policy. Notably, he led the steering groups for the Ebola vaccine trial in Guinea and the Covid-19 WHO Solidarity trial. “Through the Ebola outbreak of West Africa [in 2014-16], I became really engaged with the need for a long term commitment on the issue of innovation and access to medicines—and how we find models for innovating where there are no commercial …","PeriodicalId":22388,"journal":{"name":"The BMJ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142234443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Kim Suvarna: histopathologist who carried out Salisbury Novichok autopsy 金-苏瓦尔纳：对索尔兹伯里诺维乔克进行尸检的组织病理学家

The BMJ Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.q1981

John Illman

{"title":"Kim Suvarna: histopathologist who carried out Salisbury Novichok autopsy","authors":"John Illman","doi":"10.1136/bmj.q1981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.q1981","url":null,"abstract":"Kim Suvarna, a histopathologist at Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, was renowned for his 25 year old tweed jacket, bought from the local Oxfam shop, and his mantra, “Give me the short version.” Verbiage made his eyes roll. He did not suffer fools gladly, but he was as kind as he was fierce. His wife, Grace Horne, describes him as a shy man who wore his profession like a superhero’s cape. “As a doctor, he had the confidence to do anything. He had no problem standing up and lecturing 500 people. He loved imparting information.” A quirky man, he wore two wrist watches simultaneously and disregarded capital letters in emails. Kirsty Lloyd, one of his former trainees, now a consultant histopathologist in Sheffield, says, “He was all about efficiency, so perhaps the shift key was more effort than necessary.” Suvarna had a gift for and a love of teaching, an encyclopaedic memory, a fearsome intellect, and, above all else, passion and enthusiasm. He wrote more than 125 peer reviewed papers and edited several books, including Bancroft’s Theory and Practice of Histological Techniques (2018). He was the driving force behind the UK Cardiovascular Pathology Network and a contributing author to consensus statements from the Association for European Cardiovascular Pathology (AECP), of which he …","PeriodicalId":22388,"journal":{"name":"The BMJ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142234438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Timing embryo transfers during assisted reproduction 把握辅助生殖过程中胚胎移植的时机

The BMJ Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.q1910

Demián Glujovsky

{"title":"Timing embryo transfers during assisted reproduction","authors":"Demián Glujovsky","doi":"10.1136/bmj.q1910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.q1910","url":null,"abstract":"New evidence will help women and clinicians navigate this difficult decision In assisted reproductive technology, the timing of embryo transfer after oocyte retrieval and in vitro fertilisation is crucial. Traditionally, embryos have been transferred at the cleavage stage (two or three days post-fertilisation). However, transferring embryos at the blastocyst stage (five or six days post-fertilisation) is increasingly common. Most studies focus on outcomes from fresh embryo transfers, often overlooking the potential of surplus frozen embryos. Additionally, the effect of transfer stage on obstetric and neonatal outcomes has been underexplored. The linked study by Cornelisse and colleagues (doi:10.1136/bmj-2024-080133) therefore represents an important advance in this area.1 Their multicentre, randomised controlled trial (n=1202) compared outcomes over 12 months after embryo transfers on day 3 or day 5, analysing all embryo transfers within that timeframe. The study’s thorough approach, which assessed cumulative live birth rates—including both fresh and frozen embryo transfers from a single oocyte retrieval—as well as obstetric complications, distinguishes it from previous research. The study found no difference in cumulative live birth rates (risk ratio 1.01, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.84 to 1.22), whereas live birth …","PeriodicalId":22388,"journal":{"name":"The BMJ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142235022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Barriers to investigating and reporting research misconduct: prioritising publication integrity 调查和报告研究不当行为的障碍：优先考虑出版物的完整性

The BMJ Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.q2018

Alison Avenell, Andrew A Klein, Jennifer A Byrne, Peter Wilmshurst, Mark J Bolland, Andrew Grey

引用次数: 0

One Health models are lacking an indigenous perspective 一种健康 "模式缺乏本土视角

The BMJ Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.q2015

Arthur W Blume

引用次数: 0

A new system is needed to tackle research misconduct 解决科研不端行为需要一个新系统

The BMJ Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.q2011

Andrew D Weeks

引用次数: 0

Why I . . . take photographs 我为什么......拍照

The BMJ Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.q1945

Kathy Oxtoby

引用次数: 0

When I use a word . . . Aphrodisiacs—taxonomy and doctrines 当我使用一个词时 . .春药--分类学和学说

The BMJ Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.q2019

Jeffrey K Aronson

{"title":"When I use a word . . . Aphrodisiacs—taxonomy and doctrines","authors":"Jeffrey K Aronson","doi":"10.1136/bmj.q2019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.q2019","url":null,"abstract":"The definition of an aphrodisiac in the Oxford English Dictionary is “A drug or preparation inducing sexual desire”; and “preparation” is defined as “A specially prepared or made up substance, as a medicine, cosmetic, foodstuff, etc.” However, these definitions, taken in conjunction, do not cover all the items that have been proposed to have aphrodisiac properties at one time or another. They include: aromas; styles of dress; honeyed words, lewd or titillating pictorial representations, plays, verses, songs, or dances; and behaviours, such as glances, gestures, and other forms of body language. About a half of all supposed aphrodisiacs are based on plants and plant products, including trees, herbs, fungi, fruits, nuts, and vegetables, and another one fifth are based on animals and animal products, including land animals, sea creatures, birds, and insects. The rest can be categorised as foodstuffs and additives; medicines; appearances and behaviours, including language, body language, singing, and dancing; elements, minerals, gemstones, and resins; alcoholic drinks; aromas; charms; and human products. Certain doctrines have in the past been used to justify claims that substances are aphrodisiacs. The Doctrine of Signatures asserts that certain plants, animals, and minerals have distinctive features, particularly marks, shapes, or colours, often considered God-given, that indicate their medicinal properties. The Doctrine of Similars asserts that anything that resembles something else can be used in the same way. And the Doctrine of Analogy asserts that if a substance of a particular kind has an effect, another substance of the same kind is likely to share that property. An aphrodisiac is defined in the Oxford English Dictionary ( OED ) as “A drug or preparation inducing sexual desire.”1 And in its adjectival sense it is defined as “Of or relating to sexual desire: that tends to increase sexual desire.” But these definitions do not do justice …","PeriodicalId":22388,"journal":{"name":"The BMJ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142231462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pain during gynaecological procedures: research and compassion are key to improving patients’ experiences 妇科手术中的疼痛：研究和同情是改善患者体验的关键

The BMJ Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.q1996

Stephanie O’Donohue

{"title":"Pain during gynaecological procedures: research and compassion are key to improving patients’ experiences","authors":"Stephanie O’Donohue","doi":"10.1136/bmj.q1996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.q1996","url":null,"abstract":"Women experience varied levels of pain during gynaecological procedures. More research is needed if we want to reduce the risk of severe pain and improve understanding among medical professionals, writes Stephanie O’Donohue The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has issued new recommendations advising clinicians to forewarn patients about the potential for pain during intrauterine device (IUD) placement and to give them options to help manage it.1 For years women have spoken up about their experiences of extreme pain during gynaecological procedures. From smear tests to hysteroscopies, insertions to removals of IUDs, too many women continue to experience unacceptably high levels of pain and poor levels of care, leading to physical and psychological trauma.23 Women shouldn’t be left at risk of extreme pain when accessing these vital services. There still doesn’t seem to be a reliable way of predicting when someone might be more likely to experience extreme pain during gynaecological procedures, or an evidence based understanding of why it happens. In the absence of this knowledge, it’s disheartening that there also doesn’t seem to be a consistent approach for supporting patients …","PeriodicalId":22388,"journal":{"name":"The BMJ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142174973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gaza: Over 22 000 people with life changing injuries urgently need rehabilitation, WHO warns. 加沙：世卫组织警告说，超过 22000 名伤者的生命受到了改变，他们迫切需要康复治疗。

The BMJ Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.q2016

Elisabeth Mahase

引用次数: 0