The BMJ最新文献 - Book学术

Betel nut sweets present growing health threat to children 槟榔糖对儿童的健康威胁越来越大

The BMJ Pub Date : 2025-05-30 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.r1050

William J Moss, Michelle Hermiston, Saman Warnakulasuriya

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Brazil’s teen pregnancy rate is plummeting: what can other countries learn from it? 巴西的青少年怀孕率正在急剧下降：其他国家能从中学到什么？

The BMJ Pub Date : 2025-05-30 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.r852

Luke Taylor

{"title":"Brazil’s teen pregnancy rate is plummeting: what can other countries learn from it?","authors":"Luke Taylor","doi":"10.1136/bmj.r852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.r852","url":null,"abstract":"Teenage pregnancies in Brazil have been stubbornly high for decades, but a range of efforts to tackle this inequality are finally bearing results. Luke Taylor reports For decades Brazil has struggled to bring down its stubbornly high rate of teenage pregnancy. The country has nearly twice as many adolescent births as the average upper middle income nation, and its absolute numbers are enormous owing to a population of 210 million. In 2015 alone 547 000 Brazilian mothers aged under 20 gave birth, 26 000 of them girls under 15.12 Adolescent births are driven by inequality and perpetuate it—so, in a nation as unequal as Brazil, this is one of the country’s largest health and socioeconomic issues. High rates of teenage pregnancy disproportionately affect the poorest communities, where they worsen already limited educational and economic opportunities for young mothers and increase the risk of maternal and infant health complications. Both the covid pandemic and ongoing moves to water down sex education in recent years have sparked fears that Brazil could take a step backwards, leading to more girls getting married, dropping out of school, or losing their lives in clandestine abortion clinics. “It really is a public health crisis,” says Denise Leite Maia Monteiro, who heads the Brazilian Association of Obstetrics and Gynecology for Childhood and Adolescence. “If we want to achieve the [World Health Organization’s] sustainable development goals by 2030 we need to combat inequalities and invest in implementing policies focused on adolescent sexual and reproductive health.” Despite such fears, however, recent figures suggest that Brazil is achieving a remarkable turnaround. The number of births among adolescent girls has halved in just a decade. Some 286 000 Brazilian girls aged 10-19 gave birth in the first half of 2014, but in the same period in 2024 the figure was 141 000. This …","PeriodicalId":22388,"journal":{"name":"The BMJ","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144176508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The efficacy and safety of thymosin α1 for sepsis (TESTS): multicentre, double blinded, randomised, placebo controlled, phase 3 trial 胸腺素α1治疗脓毒症的疗效和安全性（测试）：多中心、双盲、随机、安慰剂对照、3期试验

The BMJ Pub Date : 2025-05-30 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.r1098

British Medical Journal Publishing Group

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A brief history of discharge summaries . . . and other research 出院总结简史…还有其他研究

The BMJ Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.r1027

Tom Nolan

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Atypical facial rash in systemic lupus erythematosus 系统性红斑狼疮的非典型面部皮疹

The BMJ Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2024-082188

Xiaoyuan Hou, Jia Chen

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Identifying opportunities for progress 识别进步的机会

The BMJ Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.r1099

Tom Moberly

引用次数: 0

Prenatal exposure to cannabis . . . and other stories 产前接触大麻…还有其他的故事

The BMJ Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.r1021

British Medical Journal Publishing Group

引用次数: 0

Nairobi’s poorest areas hit hardest as aid cuts complicate emergency medicine problems 由于援助削减使急诊医疗问题复杂化，内罗毕最贫困地区受到的打击最为严重

The BMJ Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.r986

Frank Burkybile

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Michael Modell: GP, researcher, and teacher who pioneered medical education in primary care in face of academic scepticism 迈克尔·莫德尔：全科医生、研究员和教师，他在面对学术怀疑时开创了初级保健医学教育

The BMJ Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.r1054

Anne Gulland

{"title":"Michael Modell: GP, researcher, and teacher who pioneered medical education in primary care in face of academic scepticism","authors":"Anne Gulland","doi":"10.1136/bmj.r1054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.r1054","url":null,"abstract":"When Michael Modell was at University College London (UCL) in the 1950s, the time that students spent in the community was generally limited to a half day when they were bussed between a general practice, a delousing centre, and the public baths at St Pancras. Modell, the son of a GP, was unusual in that he chose to spend two weeks in a practice in Kentish Town, north London, one of whose partners was John Horder. Horder, often called the founding father of modern general practice, had a huge influence on Modell. What Modell observed in Horder were “high quality clinical skills, an open approach to the patient, and involvement of the student in the consultation.” Modell joined Horder’s practice on completing his training and was a conscientious and risk averse GP. He would only refer a patient, particularly a child, to hospital if it was absolutely necessary. If he had made a house call to a child with a rash or fever earlier in the day he would often come up with a spurious excuse to return to check up on them later. His interest in paediatrics led him to write a book on child health in the community. He would even visit his young patients in hospital, where he made an impression on house officer Bernadette McLoughlin. These visits led to a closer working collaboration between Modell’s practice …","PeriodicalId":22388,"journal":{"name":"The BMJ","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144165461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Navigating the complexities of mild and moderate covid-19 treatment 应对covid-19轻度和中度治疗的复杂性

The BMJ Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.r1016

Mohammad Bosaeed, Basem M Alraddadi

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引用次数: 0