The East and Central African Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences最新文献_第7页

Quality of Antimalarial Drugs Analysed in the National Quality Control Laboratory during the Period 2002–2005 2002-2005年国家质量控制实验室抗疟药质量分析

The East and Central African Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Pub Date : 2008-12-15 DOI: 10.4314/ECAJPS.V10I3.9764

H. Chepkwony, N. Mwaura, E. Guantai, E. Gathoni, F. Kamau, E. Mbae, G. Wang’ang’a, S. Muteru, N. Birgen, M. Wandeto

{"title":"Quality of Antimalarial Drugs Analysed in the National Quality Control Laboratory during the Period 2002–2005","authors":"H. Chepkwony, N. Mwaura, E. Guantai, E. Gathoni, F. Kamau, E. Mbae, G. Wang’ang’a, S. Muteru, N. Birgen, M. Wandeto","doi":"10.4314/ECAJPS.V10I3.9764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ECAJPS.V10I3.9764","url":null,"abstract":"During the period 2002–2005, the National Quality Control Laboratory analysed 229 samples of antimalarial drugs. In 2002, 42% of these products failed to comply with compendial specifications, with the sulfadoxine/ sulfamethoxypyrazine and pyrimethamine combination products forming 39% of the total failures. The respective percentages were 46% and 84% for 2003 and 36% and 72% for 2004. By May 2005, the only failures reported were of sulfadoxine/sulfamethoxypyrazine and pyrimethamine combination products. Until recently, sulfadoxine/sulfamethoxypyrazine and pyrimethamine combination products were the first-line malaria treatment regimen in Kenya. These analytical results raise concerns that the reported therapeutic failures associated with the use of these products could possibly be due to the administration of sub-standard sulfadoxine/sulfamethoxypyrazine and pyrimethamine combination products to patients. The same could be true of artemisinin based combinations which are the current first-line treatment regimen if the observed trend continues Keywords : Antimalarials, dissolution, assay, quality control tests East and Central African Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol. 10 (3) 2007: pp. 59-62","PeriodicalId":22387,"journal":{"name":"The East and Central African Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":"59-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82053025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

The Inhibitory Effects of Neem Oil against the Development of Plasmodium berghei in Mice 印楝油对小鼠伯氏疟原虫生长的抑制作用

The East and Central African Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Pub Date : 2008-12-15 DOI: 10.4314/ECAJPS.V10I3.9763

C. Nyamwange, J. Maina, Hs Nyandieka

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of a Hydrophobic–Hydrophilic (Hydrogenated Castor Oil-Gum Tragacanth) Matrix using Propranolol Hydrochloride as Test Drug 以盐酸心得安为试验药物评价疏亲水性(氢化蓖麻油胶)基质

The East and Central African Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Pub Date : 2008-12-15 DOI: 10.4314/ECAJPS.V10I3.9766

R. Chigwanda, Pr Chinopfukutwa

{"title":"Evaluation of a Hydrophobic–Hydrophilic (Hydrogenated Castor Oil-Gum Tragacanth) Matrix using Propranolol Hydrochloride as Test Drug","authors":"R. Chigwanda, Pr Chinopfukutwa","doi":"10.4314/ECAJPS.V10I3.9766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ECAJPS.V10I3.9766","url":null,"abstract":"An evaluation of propranolol hydrochloride release from hydrogenated castor oil–gum tragacanth matrices was carried out. The pH of the dissolution medium was found to affect propranolol hydrochloride release from such matrices. Acidic pH was found to enhance release while alkaline pH retarded release. This was attributed to possibly the effect of gum tragacanth matrix material or the propranolol hydrochloride itself. Either square root of time kinetics or first order kinetics could explain propranolol hydrochloride release mechanism from the hydrogenated castor oil–gum tragacanth matrices. Addition of hydrophobic hydrogenated castor oil matrix material to the hydrophilic gum tragacanth matrix was found to enhance release. This was attributed to possibly the disruption of the gum tragacanth matrix by the hydrophobic hydrogenated castor oil matrix material. Although gum tragacanth is primarily a hydrophilic material, it was found to have better release sustaining characteristics than the hydrophobic matrix material hydrogenated castor oil. Keywords : Hydrogenated castor oil, gum tragacanth, matrix, hydrophobic, hydrophilic East and Central African Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol. 10 (3) 2007: pp.68-71","PeriodicalId":22387,"journal":{"name":"The East and Central African Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"113 1","pages":"68-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80645424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Anticancer Activity of Extracts from some Endemic Tanzanian Plants 坦桑尼亚一些特有植物提取物的抗癌活性研究

The East and Central African Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Pub Date : 2008-12-15 DOI: 10.4314/ECAJPS.V10I3.9765

C. Nshimo, A. Kamuhabwa, Z. Mbwambo, P. Witte

引用次数: 1

Prescription Audit carried out at the Pharmacy Practice Centre of the University of Nairobi between June and November 2004 2004年6月至11月在内罗毕大学药学实践中心进行了处方审计

The East and Central African Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Pub Date : 2008-09-11 DOI: 10.4314/ECAJPS.V10I2.9762

T. K. Ndungu, S. Maru, K. Kuria, P. Karimi, J. M. Bururia

{"title":"Prescription Audit carried out at the Pharmacy Practice Centre of the University of Nairobi between June and November 2004","authors":"T. K. Ndungu, S. Maru, K. Kuria, P. Karimi, J. M. Bururia","doi":"10.4314/ECAJPS.V10I2.9762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ECAJPS.V10I2.9762","url":null,"abstract":"A retrospective descriptive study was carried out from June to November 2004 in a retail pharmacy situated at the School of Pharmacy, University of Nairobi within the Kenyatta National Hospital complex. The objective was to evaluate prescribing habits and to determine the frequency of prescribing of commonly used drug classes in a hospital. The average number of drugs per prescription was 2.20  1.16. The prevalence of prescribing was 28.6% anti-infective drugs, 21.1% musculoskeletal agents, 16.6% respiratory system drugs, 8.1% cardiovascular system drugs, 7.2% central nervous system drugs, 7.1% gastrointestinal system drugs, 4.3% minerals and vitamins, 2.1% ear, nose and throat drugs, 1.1% endocrine drugs, 2% skin preparations, 0.9% anticancer drugs and 0.74% eye preparations. The prescribing habits evaluated were compared to the legal requirements in Kenya and to recommended international practice. The information gathered may serve as a basis for rational use of drugs. Keywords : keyword; keyword; keyword East and Central African Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol. 10 (2) 2007: pp. 50-54","PeriodicalId":22387,"journal":{"name":"The East and Central African Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"24-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87452687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Anti-inflammatory and Antinociceptive Effects of the Alcoholic Extract of Indian Polygala arvensis in Experimental Animals 印度凤梨醇提物对实验动物的抗炎和抗伤作用

The East and Central African Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Pub Date : 2008-09-11 DOI: 10.4314/ECAJPS.V10I2.9760

G. Sammaiah, K. Thirupathi, R. Srivastava

引用次数: 1

Hypertension Management in the District Hospitals in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania 坦桑尼亚达累斯萨拉姆地区医院的高血压管理

The East and Central African Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Pub Date : 2008-09-11 DOI: 10.4314/ECAJPS.V10I2.9759

G. Rimoy, M. Justim-Temu, A. Shah

{"title":"Hypertension Management in the District Hospitals in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania","authors":"G. Rimoy, M. Justim-Temu, A. Shah","doi":"10.4314/ECAJPS.V10I2.9759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ECAJPS.V10I2.9759","url":null,"abstract":"A study was conducted in three District Hospitals in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, namely Temeke, Mwananyamala and Amana. Six hundred prescriptions were analyzed. The average number of drugs per prescription was found to be 3.4 (range 2.9-4.1) while the average number of antihypertensive drugs per prescription was 2.2 (range 1.9-2.6). Prescribing of generic antihypertensives was low with a mean of 33% (range 25-49). The percentages of antibiotics and injections appearing per prescription were 4.8% and 9.8% respectively. The percentages of prescriptions containing both an antidiabetic and a thiazide diuretic were 18.3%, 30.8% and 50.9% for Temeke, Amana and Mwananyamala respectively. The combination of an antidiabetic and propranolol was encountered in 54.8% and 45.2% of prescriptions from Temeke and Mwananyamala respectively. Prescriptions containing a combination of an antidiabetic, a thiazide diuretic and propranolol constituted 43.5%, 39.0% and 17.5% of the total for Temeke, Amana and Mwananyamala respectively. The average patient consultation time was 3.7 minutes whereas the average dispensing time was 45.1 seconds. Overall, 91% of all drugs dispensed were adequately labelled and patients' knowledge of the correct dose was adequate. All facilities possessed most of the essential antihypertensives and antidiabetics and had adequate reference materials. The drug prescribing pattern for hypertension in the three district hospitals showed that prescribers need to be more conscious of rational prescribing algorithms. Keywords : Prescribing pattern, antihypertensives, antidiabetics East and Central African Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol. 10 (2) 2007: pp. 34-38","PeriodicalId":22387,"journal":{"name":"The East and Central African Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"34-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91424869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Information Technology Use in Community Pharmacies in Harare, Zimbabwe 信息技术在津巴布韦哈拉雷社区药房的应用

The East and Central African Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Pub Date : 2008-09-11 DOI: 10.4314/ECAJPS.V10I2.9761

L. Usanga, P. Gavaza, S. Matema, Kt Mukosera

{"title":"Information Technology Use in Community Pharmacies in Harare, Zimbabwe","authors":"L. Usanga, P. Gavaza, S. Matema, Kt Mukosera","doi":"10.4314/ECAJPS.V10I2.9761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ECAJPS.V10I2.9761","url":null,"abstract":"Information technology (IT) has transformed the practice of pharmacy worldwide. This study was undertaken to determine the pharmacists' IT use, utilization patterns and their opinions regarding IT use. The majority of pharmacies had networked computers (71.7%) and internet connections (60.9%). Pharmacists had poor knowledge of IT (mean rating score = 2.28 ± 0.83) and limited knowledge of the available online resources. The majority of pharmacists used Google for internet literature searches. About 78.1% of pharmacists agreed/strongly agreed that IT had a role to play in pharmacy practice. Internet surfing (89.1%), web browser navigation (67.4%) and advanced e-mail management skills (58.7%) were the most cited pharmacists' future needs. Harare community pharmacists were found to have poor IT knowledge and generally under utilize IT. More structured informatics training should be given to pharmacists and pharmacy students to better their knowledge and utilization of IT. Keywords : Information technology, pharmacy, Harare, Zimbabwe East and Central African Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol. 10 (2) 2007: pp. 45-49","PeriodicalId":22387,"journal":{"name":"The East and Central African Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"141 1","pages":"45-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88951976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Antimicrobial Activity of Senna alata Linn. 番泻草的抗菌活性研究。

The East and Central African Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Pub Date : 2008-02-20 DOI: 10.4314/ECAJPS.V10I1.9756

J. Doughari, B. Okafor

引用次数: 36

Drug Releasing Dental Cements: An In Vitro Study. 释药牙水泥:体外研究。

The East and Central African Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Pub Date : 2008-02-20 DOI: 10.4314/ECAJPS.V10I1.9755

C. Soundrapadian, B. S. Kumar

引用次数: 0