Plant Biotechnology Journal最新文献

{"title":"PlantPopMethylDB: An Integrated Database of Intraspecific DNA Methylation Variation in Plants.","authors":"Ting Zhao, Lele Sheng, Qianqian Chen, Yuanrui Xu, Yayuan Deng, Haojie Jiang, Zesheng Rui, Xiangyi Zhao, Junbin Wang, Shan Li, Jie Qiu, Juyun Zheng, Yan Hu, Xueying Guan, Tianzhen Zhang, Lei Fang","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.70762","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149015028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiplex FAD2/FATB Editing Generates Ultra‐High‐Oleic, Low‐Saturate Soybean With Increased Seed Fatty Acid Content","authors":"Won Nyeong Kim, Yu‐Ri Choi, Hye Jeong Kim, Young‐Soo Chung, Hyun Uk Kim","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.70758","url":null,"abstract":"Oleic acid (18:1), saturated fatty acid (SFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels are important traits for storage stability and edibility. In this study, we aimed to develop high‐oleic soybean ( <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>Glycine max</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> ) by simultaneously targeting fatty acid desaturase 2 ( <jats:italic>FAD2</jats:italic> ) and fatty acyl‐ACP thioesterase B ( <jats:italic>FATB</jats:italic> ) gene families using CRISPR/Cas9. Considering the paleopolyploid genome of soybean, multiple sgRNAs were designed to target <jats:italic>GmFAD2‐1</jats:italic> , <jats:italic>GmFAD2‐2</jats:italic> , and <jats:italic>GmFATB</jats:italic> genes expressed during seed development. Compared with targeting <jats:italic>GmFAD2‐1</jats:italic> alone (~83%), additional editing of <jats:italic>GmFAD2‐2B, GmFAD2‐2C,</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>GmFATB1a</jats:italic> increased the 18:1 fatty acid content to over 90%. Editing of <jats:italic>GmFATB</jats:italic> significantly reduced the SFA content by more than 40% compared with wild‐type (WT). Reduced absolute SFA content was also observed in GmFAD2‐only edited lines with decreased <jats:italic>GmFATB</jats:italic> expression. Notably, all evaluated high‐oleic genotypes in the Williams82‐background showed higher mean total fatty acid (TFA) content than the WT, both per unit seed mass and per seed. Correlation analysis of 805 individual seed profiles from Williams82‐background lines further characterized the relationship between 18:1 fatty acid composition and TFA content per unit seed mass. Gene expression analysis revealed no consistent increase in triacylglycerol (TAG) synthesis genes, whereas the expression of <jats:italic>sugar‐dependent 1</jats:italic> ( <jats:italic>SDP1</jats:italic> ) was reduced. In contrast, genes involved in phosphatidic acid (PA) metabolism, including <jats:italic>diacylglycerol kinase</jats:italic> ( <jats:italic>DGK</jats:italic> ) and <jats:italic>phospholipase D</jats:italic> ( <jats:italic>PLD</jats:italic> ), were partially upregulated. These transcriptional changes support a hypothesis that altered lipid turnover may contribute to the higher TFA phenotype. Collectively, this study defines effective multiplex target combinations for ultra‐high oleic, low‐saturated soybean.","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148964296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generation of Herbicide‐Resistant Alfalfa Germplasm via Prime Editing","authors":"Shihao Li, Xiuzhi Xia, Zhengzheng Wei, Na Wang, Hao Lin, Lifang Niu","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.70752","url":null,"abstract":"Alfalfa ( <jats:italic>Medicago sativa</jats:italic> ) is the most widely cultivated forage crop worldwide, owing to its high protein content, balanced amino acid profile, and abundance of vitamins and minerals. However, weed infestation severely threatens alfalfa yield and quality. The lack of herbicide‑resistant cultivars, combined with the diversity of weed species, has made herbicide tolerance a key breeding objective. To address this challenge, we developed a highly optimized prime editing system and, for the first time, achieved prime editing in alfalfa by enhancing the expression efficiency of its components. Specifically, we introduced mutations in three target genes <jats:italic>MsALS1</jats:italic> , <jats:italic>MsALS2</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>MsACC1</jats:italic> to confer herbicide resistance: mutations in <jats:italic>MsALS1</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>MsALS2</jats:italic> were designed to confer resistance to ALS‑inhibiting herbicides (based on evidence from their rice homologs), while those in <jats:italic>MsACC1</jats:italic> were targeted to confer resistance to aryloxyphenoxypropionate (APP) herbicides. Using the Csy4 nuclease system, we performed simultaneous prime editing of all three genes, ultimately generating alfalfa lines resistant to nicosulfuron and haloxyfop‑P‑methyl. This study represents the first successful multi‑gene prime editing in alfalfa, providing a novel tool and a valuable approach for alfalfa molecular breeding.","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148915653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Genome-Wide Association Studies of Metabolites and Grain-Related Traits in Common Wheat.","authors":"Guoguo Lv, Yanyan Liu, Bingyang Zhang, Ranran Shen, Maosong Yu, Yongyang Wu, Wanting Du, Xinru Yuan, Congwei Sun, Yan Yan, Wei Chen, Feng Chen","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70755","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pbi.70755","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The metabolome is highly diverse and the closest layer to phenotype; therefore, it is commonly regarded as a bridge between the genome and phenome in plants. Here, we performed large-scale metabolome analysis using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and 33 grain-related traits in a diverse panel of natural accessions and a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population. We identified a new network of 2286 associations between 947 metabolites and 33 grain-related traits. Systematic integration of metabolic genome-wide association study (mGWAS) and metabolic quantitative trait locus (mQTL) analyses identified 33 566 significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 3128 mQTL. Thirteen annotated metabolites co-localized within a physical interval on 7A. Integration of metabolite-based and phenotype-based GWAS and QTL revealed an overlapped region for gibberellin A4 (GA4) content and grain roundness on 4A. Phenotyping of an ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-induced mutant confirmed the role of TaSDR in regulating GA4 content and grain morphology. These findings provide novel insights into the metabolic pathways influencing key grain-related traits and advance our understanding of the complex molecular mechanisms regulating grain metabolites and phenotypes in wheat. The identified metabolic markers and candidate genes provide valuable targets for molecular breeding programs aimed at improving wheat yield and quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13548730/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148899940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HvPHO1 Controls a Glucose 1‐Phosphate– SnRK1 Signalling Module That Coordinates Starch Accumulation in Barley Endosperm","authors":"Yulong Li, Yujia Chen, Jing Liu, Ping Yang, Guangqi Gao, Carlos Guzmán, Qiang Xu, Yazhou Zhang, Yanlin Liu, Pengfei Qi, Mei Deng, Shoufen Dai, Jian Ma, Guoyue Chen, Jirui Wang, Youliang Zheng, Yuming Wei, Qiantao Jiang","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.70754","url":null,"abstract":"Developing barley grains must balance the use of imported sucrose between soluble sugars and storage starch, but how this balance is controlled remains unclear. Here we show that loss of the plastidial α‐glucan phosphorylase <jats:italic>HvPHO1</jats:italic> causes starch and soluble sugars to accumulate concurrently in barley grains. Developing <jats:italic>pho1</jats:italic> grains showed sustained increases in glucose 1‐phosphate (G1P) and adenosine diphosphate glucose (ADP‐glucose), and exogenous G1P also promoted starch accumulation, supporting a stimulatory effect of elevated G1P on starch synthesis. G1P directly bound sucrose non‐fermenting 1‐related protein kinase 1 (HvSnRK1), suppressing its kinase activity and its phosphorylation of sucrose synthase 2 (HvSUSY2); the metabolic phenotypes of <jats:italic>snrk1</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>susy2</jats:italic> mutants supported a role for this phosphorylation module in sucrose utilization and soluble‐sugar homeostasis. HvPHO1 also interacted with the starch‐granule initiation factor starch synthase 4 (HvSS4). Loss of <jats:italic>HvPHO1</jats:italic> increased the abundance of B‐type starch granules and shifted their size distribution, indicating a parallel role in storage‐starch organization. <jats:italic>pho1</jats:italic> lines showed greater grain dry weight and test weight. Thus, loss of <jats:italic>HvPHO1</jats:italic> initiates G1P‐mediated metabolic feedback that reconfigures the balance between sucrose utilization and starch accumulation and is associated with enhanced grain carbon deposition and grain weight. These findings reveal G1P‐dependent feedback linking starch‐precursor status to SnRK1‐mediated carbon allocation in barley endosperm.","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148877361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Knockout of LbSP1 and LbSP5G1 Reveals Efficient Customization of Shoot Architecture in Black Goji Berry.","authors":"Fazal Rehman, Huanfang Liu, Yun Ma, Shaohua Zeng, Yan Wu, Yuan Zong, Chao Yang, Ying Wang","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70753","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pbi.70753","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Goji is recognized as a nutritionally rich superfruit with medicinal and industrial importance. However, its inherently indeterminate growth habit causes asynchronous flowering and uneven fruit ripening, resulting in harvesting inefficiency with high labour costs and low fruit yield. To elucidate the molecular basis of shoot determinacy and early flowering, comparative transcriptome analysis of indeterminate and determinate shoot apices in an F₁ hybrid population of Lycium barbarum identified 15 candidate genes associated with shoot growth termination and early flowering, including an SP-like gene (LbSP1, Lba0102749) and a goji homologue of SlSP5G (LbSP5G1, Lba0501086) from the phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein (PEBP) family. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of LbSP1 and LbSP5G1 in black goji berry produced homozygous single (CRLbSP1, CRLbSP5G1) and double determinate (2gCR LbSP1 + LbSP5G1) lines exhibiting compact shoot architecture, reduced day-length sensitivity, terminal flowering, and improved fruit yield. The double determinate line showed a significantly reduced number of leaves to the first inflorescence (7.25) compared to wild-type (WT) (18.6), with fruit yield per plant of 174.94 g, followed by CRLbSP5G1 (64.55 g), CRLbSP1 (55.17 g), and WT (22.09 g). Transcriptomic and co-expression analysis revealed extensive reprogramming of flowering regulatory networks, with LbSP1 and LbSP5G1 functioning as central regulatory hubs. Protein-protein interaction assays further established functional divergence between the two genes within a PEBP-centred network governing meristem fate. These findings provide the first functional characterization of terminal flowering genes in goji, establishing a molecular framework for breeding compact, early-flowering, and high-yield cultivars optimized for mechanized harvesting.</p>","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13536850/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148872286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeted Knockout of CYP79A1 Reduces Cyanogenic Potential in Grain Sorghum","authors":"Evan D. Groover, Jianqiang Shen, Kiflom Aregawi, Sophie Li, Shahar Schwartz, Brian J. Staskawicz, Peggy G. Lemaux, David F. Savage","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.70746","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"490 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148860920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Dissection of Wheat Heterosis Identifies Candidate Genes in Biparental and Diverse Hybrid Populations","authors":"Guoliang Li, Jianting Chu, Max Haupt, Yong Jiang, Jochen C. Reif","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.70748","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding how numerous heterotic quantitative trait loci (hQTL) shape heterosis and shifting from hQTL to candidate genes are central challenges. To address these challenges, we performed a systematic, genome‐wide mapping in a biparental population and a population of diverse hybrids. Leveraging both a triple testcross and immortalized F <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> designs, we examined the genetic basis of the heterosis of the wheat hybrid <jats:italic>Piko</jats:italic> × <jats:italic>Hermann</jats:italic> . We detected a major hQTL on chromosome 4B, primarily driven by epistasis. This region contains the <jats:italic>Green Revolution</jats:italic> gene <jats:italic>Rht‐B1</jats:italic> as the primary candidate gene. Then, we used a population of ~6000 wheat hybrids, derived from crosses between diverse Central European inbred lines, to perform a one‐dimensional scan for hQTL. This scan identified 174 hQTL for grain yield, 70 for heading date, and 166 for plant height. Further dissection of these hQTL revealed that epistatic interactions predominantly contribute to heterosis. We discovered an epistatic hub at the distal end of chromosome 4A coinciding with an alien introgression region from emmer wheat. A data‐driven, integrative analysis combining high‐resolution SNP data, sequence variant annotation, and hQTL signals from the population uncovered <jats:italic>TraesCS7B03G1341000</jats:italic> as the candidate gene underlying grain yield heterosis. Our findings deepen the understanding of the genetic architecture of heterosis in wheat by shifting from hQTL to candidate genes and provide insights into their application in hybrid wheat breeding.","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"136 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148858880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural Variation in SlSPS1 Promoter Reduces Soluble Solids Content During Tomato Domestication.","authors":"Yonglian Wang, Xin Li, Can Zhu, Saifeng Guo, Junling Hu, Yunhao Han, Shumin He, Yujie Zhang, Chen Zhang, Zejun Huang, Xiaoxuan Wang, Yanmei Guo, Yongchen Du, Lin Yang, Junming Li, Lei Liu","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70751","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pbi.70751","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13519583/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148823489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interactional Endocytosis and Transmembrane Transport Promote Cellular Internalization of Nano-Delivered RNA Drugs for Efficient Control of Crop Diseases","authors":"Mei Guan,&nbsp;Chao Xie,&nbsp;Yang Xue,&nbsp;Juan Lu,&nbsp;Qinhong Jiang,&nbsp;Meizhen Yin,&nbsp;Shuo Yan,&nbsp;Jie Shen","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70689","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pbi.70689","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Botrytis cinerea</i> is a widespread plant pathogenic ascomycete that causes grey mould in over 1400 species and impacts global crop yields. Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-induced gene silencing is a promising technology for pest control, but efficient delivery remains a major challenge. This work presents a star polycation (SPc)-based nano-delivery platform that enhances dsRNA internalization and enables effective control of <i>B. cinerea</i>. SPc assembles with dsRNA via electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding and Van der Waals forces, forming stable nanoscale complexes. SPc facilitates dsRNA uptake into fungal mycelia by 2.19-fold, primarily via two activated routes: endocytosis and transmembrane transport, which increase vesicle and particle numbers by 3.74- and 1.87-fold, respectively. Six genes (<i>pkc</i>, <i>ypt10</i>, <i>pil1</i>, <i>mfs1</i>, <i>mfs2</i> and <i>mfs3</i>) in these two routes play crucial roles in the delivery process. RNA interference, chemical inhibition and mutation experiments demonstrate that the two routes interact to optimize the cellular uptake of SPc-loaded dsRNA. Finally, a high-efficiency RNA fungicide is developed, comparable to commercial fungicide in protecting cucumber leaves and tomato fruits. This study reveals the synergistic mechanism of nanocarrier-mediated gene delivery and identifies key genes, supporting the design and application of RNA pesticides.</p>","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"24 9","pages":"5152-5171"},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13398849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148051495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}