Plant Biotechnology Journal最新文献

{"title":"Powerful combination: a genome editing system to improve efficiency of breeding inducer and haploid sorting in maize","authors":"Hanchao Xia, Yanzhi Qu, Yuejia Yin, Chuang Zhang, Ziqi Chen, Shurong Jiang, Di Zhang, Xinqi Wang, Rengui Zhao, Jieting Xu, Xiangguo Liu","doi":"10.1111/pbi.14515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.14515","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Double haploid (DH) technology can be used to rapidly develop homozygous lines (Geiger and Gordillo, <span>2009</span>). As the fundamental component of DH technology, the traditional inducer lines were developed through a process of recurrent selection over multiple generations, a method that was inherently time-consuming. The advent of gene editing technology has facilitated the creation of inducer lines in an efficient manner (Kelliher <i>et al</i>., <span>2017</span>; Zhong <i>et al</i>., <span>2019</span>). However, these inducer lines lack sort markers for sorting haploid, and the introduction of genetic markers is achieved through hybridization (Yu and Birchler, <span>2016</span>). Though anthocyanin marker or oil content has been primarily used for sorting haploid (Qu <i>et al</i>., <span>2021</span>), there is a notable discrepancy in the false discrimination rate for manual or automated sorting due to the influence of anthocyanin expression. The NMR system can enhance the haploid correct discrimination rate (CDR), but the equipment is expensive. Fluorescent markers represent another type of genetic markers for the sorting of haploids; however, the fluorescent is not visible to the naked eyes (Dong <i>et al</i>., <span>2018</span>). Consequently, the current genetic markers exhibit delayed coloration (Chen <i>et al</i>., <span>2022</span>; Wang <i>et al</i>., <span>2023</span>), which limits the application of DH technology.</p>\u0000<p>In this study, we developed a Cas9 system for breeding inducer and sorting haploid in maize, with three advantages: (i) we innovatively employed a promoter p<i>OsBBM1</i> to drive Cas9 in maize, which does not yield new edits in haploid progeny, (ii) this technique integrates the promoters p<i>OsBBM1</i>, <i>DsRed2</i> and elements capable of targeted editing of two induction genes (<i>ZmPLA1</i> + <i>ZmDMP</i>) at the same time into the same vector. This approach facilitates the efficient generation of inducer lines without Cas9 and with the DsRed2 marker through a single genetic transformation step. Furthermore, it improves the breeding efficiency of haploid inducer lines in different maize backgrounds and reduces cost and (iii) the DsRed2 protein exhibits specific expression in the embryo which is visible to the naked eye. This allows for the efficient sorting of haploid at various stages of seed development, which is independent of the genetic background.</p>\u0000<p>We selected a promoter to drive Cas9 expression highly only in rice callus (Figure S1), while the embryo-specific promoter p<i>ZmESP</i> was utilized to drive maize codon-optimized <i>DsRed2</i> (MoDsRed2) expression, supplemented with the CaMV35S enhancer for visible to the naked eye in natural light (Xu <i>et al</i>., <span>2021</span>). During the experimental process, we observed that the promoter p<i>OsBBM1</i> activity in the callus tissue exclusively (Figure 1k). Therefore, we proposed to use this vector to generate an inducer line with r","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"539 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142597549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ZmHSFA2B self-regulatory loop is critical for heat tolerance in maize","authors":"Nannan Song, Jing Wang, Qianqian Qin, Anqi Su, Yifeng Cheng, Weina Si, Beijiu Cheng, Jun Fan, Haiyang Jiang","doi":"10.1111/pbi.14497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.14497","url":null,"abstract":"The growth and development of maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) are significantly impeded by prolonged exposure to high temperatures. Heat stress transcription factors (HSFs) play crucial roles in enabling plants to detect and respond to elevated temperatures. However, the genetic mechanisms underlying the responses of HSFs to heat stress in maize remain unclear. Thus, we aimed to investigate the role of <i>ZmHSFA2B</i> in regulating heat tolerance in maize. Here, we report that <i>ZmHSFA2B</i> has two splicing variants, <i>ZmHSFA2B-I</i> and <i>ZmHSFA2B-II</i>. <i>ZmHSFA2B-I</i> encodes full-length ZmHSFA2B (ZmHSFA2B-I), whereas Zm<i>HSFA2B-II</i> encodes a truncated ZmHSFA2B (ZmHSFA2B-II). Overexpression of <i>ZmHSFA2B-I</i> improved heat tolerance in maize and <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>, but it also resulted in growth retardation as a side effect. RNA-sequencing and CUT&amp;Tag analyses identified <i>ZmMBR1</i> as a putative target of ZmHSFA2B-I. Overexpression of <i>ZmMBR1</i> also enhanced heat tolerance in Arabidopsis. ZmHSFA2B-II was primarily synthesized in response to heat stress and competitively interacted with ZmHSFA2B-I. This interaction consequently reduced the DNA-binding activities of ZmHSFA2B-I homodimers to the promoter of <i>ZmMBR1</i>. Subsequent investigations indicate that ZmHSFA2B-II limits the transactivation and tempers the function of ZmHSFA2B-I, thereby reducing the adverse effects of excessive ZmHSFA2B-I accumulation. Based on these observations, we propose that the alternative splicing of <i>ZmHSFA2B</i> generates a self-regulatory loop that fine-tunes heat stress response in maize.","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142597547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated OsFd1 editing enhances rice broad‐spectrum resistance without growth and yield penalty","authors":"Hua Shi, Jinhui Chen, Minfeng Lu, Wenyan Li, Wanjun Deng, Ping Kang, Xi Zhang, Qiong Luo, Mo Wang","doi":"10.1111/pbi.14512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.14512","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Ferredoxins (Fds), a category of small iron-sulphur [2Fe-2S] cluster-containing proteins, localize in plastids and are required for distributing electrons from photosystem I (PSI) to downstream metabolic reactions (Hanke and Mulo, &lt;span&gt;2013&lt;/span&gt;). Based on their expression pattern and redox potential, Fds in higher plants are classified into leaf (photosynthetic) and root (non-photosynthetic) types. In rice, five typical &lt;i&gt;Fd&lt;/i&gt; genes have been identified, among which &lt;i&gt;OsFd1&lt;/i&gt; encodes the primary photosynthetic Fd. Knockout of &lt;i&gt;OsFd1&lt;/i&gt; caused rice lethal at seedling stage (He &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;), indicating an essential role of OsFd1 in rice photosynthetic electron transport.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000&lt;p&gt;We recently reported that knockout of &lt;i&gt;OsFd4&lt;/i&gt;, the major rice non-photosynthetic type Fd, increased rice resistance against the blight bacteria &lt;i&gt;Xanthomonas oryzae&lt;/i&gt; pv. &lt;i&gt;oryzae&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;Xoo&lt;/i&gt;) (Lu &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;). To determine the immune function of OsFd1 and the possibility of &lt;i&gt;OsFd1&lt;/i&gt; to be a target for genomic modification to enhance rice resistance, we performed CRISPR/Cas9-mediated &lt;i&gt;OsFd1&lt;/i&gt; editing in Zhonghua 11 (ZH11) and obtained two loss-of-function alleles &lt;i&gt;Osfd1-1&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Osfd1-2&lt;/i&gt; carrying a 5-bp deletion and 1-bp insertion, respectively, in the coding region (Figure 1a). Consistent with the previous report (He &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;), both alleles were lethal at young seedling stage under the 12-h light/dark cycle condition (Figure 1b). However, when grown under constant dark, the etiolated seedlings of &lt;i&gt;Osfd1-1&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Osfd1-2&lt;/i&gt; grew similarly as ZH11 (Figure 1b), indicating that the lethality of &lt;i&gt;Osfd1&lt;/i&gt; is light-dependent. We also found that &lt;i&gt;OsFd1&lt;/i&gt; transcript levels and OsFd1 protein abundance were significantly increased under light (Figure S1). When the leaves detached from 10-day-old ZH11 and &lt;i&gt;Osfd1-1&lt;/i&gt; seedlings grown under light cycle were stained with H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;DCFDA, a visible cellular indicator for reactive oxygen species (ROS), clear fluorescent signals were observed in the chloroplasts of &lt;i&gt;Osfd1-1&lt;/i&gt;, but not in those of ZH11 (Figure 1c), indicating that &lt;i&gt;OsFd1&lt;/i&gt; deletion leads to constitutive ROS accumulation in chloroplasts. Similar to Arabidopsis &lt;i&gt;Fd2&lt;/i&gt;-knockout mutant, both &lt;i&gt;Osfd1-1&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Osfd1-2&lt;/i&gt; accumulated significantly higher basal levels of jasmonic acid (JA) and JA-Ile than ZH11 (Figure 1d and Figure S2).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000&lt;figure&gt;&lt;picture&gt;\u0000&lt;source media=\"(min-width: 1650px)\" srcset=\"/cms/asset/345ee1bc-8890-439c-9f62-b42d8b506f6f/pbi14512-fig-0001-m.jpg\"/&gt;&lt;img alt=\"Details are in the caption following the image\" data-lg-src=\"/cms/asset/345ee1bc-8890-439c-9f62-b42d8b506f6f/pbi14512-fig-0001-m.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"/cms/asset/bf1e9759-98e2-496a-84ca-546c30936d94/pbi14512-fig-0001-m.png\" title=\"Details are in the caption following the image\"/&gt;&lt;/picture&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt;\u0000&lt;div&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Figure 1&lt;span style=\"font-weight:normal","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142597601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SlMYC2-SlMYB12 module orchestrates a hierarchical transcriptional cascade that regulates fruit flavonoid metabolism in tomato.","authors":"Heng Deng, Mengbo Wu, Yi Wu, Xiangxia Xiao, Zhuo Gao, Huirong Li, Nan Hu, Yongfeng Gao, Don Grierson, Mingchun Liu","doi":"10.1111/pbi.14510","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pbi.14510","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142589962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A visible seedling-stage screening system for the Brassica napus hybrid breeding by a novel hypocotyl length-regulated gene BnHL","authors":"Jingyan Fu, Ying Zhang, Meng Yin, Sha Liu, Ziyue Xu, Mingting Wu, Zihan Ni, Peiyao Li, Ruijia Zhu, Guangqin Cai, Maolin Wang, Rui Wang","doi":"10.1111/pbi.14507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.14507","url":null,"abstract":"Rapeseed (<i>Brassica napus</i>) is a globally significant oilseed crop with strong heterosis performance. Recessive genic male sterility (RGMS) is one of the key approaches for utilizing heterosis in <i>B. napus</i>. However, this method faces the inherent challenge of being time-consuming and labour-intensive for removing fertile plants during seed production. Here, we report a hypocotyl length-regulated gene, <i>BnHL</i>, which is closely linked to a known fertility gene, <i>BnMs2</i>, serving as a seedling morphology marker. This marker could be used to identify fertile plants in the breeding of RGMS lines based on hypocotyl traits. By targeting the <i>BnHL</i> gene, both homozygous and heterozygous edited mutants exhibited significantly longer hypocotyls than the wild type (WT). Furthermore, germination experiments revealed that 7 days after seed germination, the difference in hypocotyl length between the mutant and the WT seedlings reached its maximum, effectively distinguishing fertile plants under both white (W) and red/far-red (R/FR) light. Mutations in <i>BnHL</i> did not result in significant changes in main agronomic traits. Thus, this study provides a comprehensive strategy for screening and identifying a new morphological marker gene for early screening in RGMS hybrid breeding with completely non-transgene during the whole production.","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142588851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SlVQ15 recruits SlWRKY30IIc to link with jasmonate pathway in regulating tomato defence against root-knot nematodes.","authors":"Huang Huang, Xuechun Ma, Lulu Sun, Yingying Wang, Jilin Ma, Yihan Hong, Mingjie Zhao, Wenchao Zhao, Rui Yang, Susheng Song, Shaohui Wang","doi":"10.1111/pbi.14493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.14493","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tomato is one of the most economically important vegetable crops in the world and has been seriously affected by the devastating agricultural pest root-knot nematodes (RKNs). Current understanding of tomato resistance to RKNs is quite limited. VQ motif-containing family proteins are plant-specific regulators; however, whether and how tomato VQs regulate resistance to RKNs is unknown. Here, we found that SlVQ15 recruited SlWRKY30IIc to coordinately control tomato defence against the RKN Meloidogyne incognita without affecting plant growth and productivity. The jasmonate (JA)-ZIM domain (JAZ) repressors of the phytohormone JAs signalling associated and interfered with the interaction of SlVQ15 and SlWRKY30IIc. In turn, SlWRKY30IIc bound to SlJAZs promoters and cooperated with SlVQ15 to repress their expression, whereas this inhibitory effect was antagonized by SlJAZ5, forming a feedback regulatory mechanism. Moreover, SlWRKY30IIc expression was directly regulated by SlMYC2, a SlJAZ-interacting negative regulator of resistance to RKNs. In conclusion, our findings revealed that a regulatory circuit of SlVQ15-SlWRKY30IIc and the JA pathway fine-tunes tomato defence against the RKN M. incognita, and provided candidate genes and clues with great potential for crop improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142581628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OsBRW1, a novel blast-resistant gene, coded a NBS-LRR protein to interact with OsSRFP1 to balance rice growth and resistance.","authors":"Shiwei Ma, Shichang Xu, Huan Tao, Yunxia Huang, Changqing Feng, Guanpeng Huang, Shoukai Lin, Yiqiong Sun, Xuan Chen, Manegdebwaoga Arthur Fabrice Kabore, Samuel Tareke Woldegiorgis, Yufang Ai, Lina Zhang, Wei Liu, Huaqin He","doi":"10.1111/pbi.14494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.14494","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is urgent to mine novel blast-resistant genes in rice and develop new rice varieties with pyramiding blast-resistant genes. In this study, a new blast-resistant gene, OsBRW1, was screened from a set of rice near-isogenic lines (NILs) with different blast-resistant ability. Under the infection of Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae), OsBRW1 in the resistant NIL Pi-4b was highly induced than that in the susceptible NIL Pi-1 and their parent line CO39, and the blast-resistant ability of OsBRW1 was further confirmed by using CRISPR/Cas9 knockout and over-expression methods. The protein encoded by OsBRW1 was a typical NBS-LRR with NB-ARC domain and localized in both cytoplasm and nucleus, and the transient expression of OsBRW1 was capable of triggering hypersensitive response in tobacco leaves. Protein interaction experiments showed that OsBRW1 protein directly interacted with OsSRFP1. At the early infection stage of M. oryzae, OsBRW1 gene induced OsSRFP1 to highly expression level and accumulated H₂O₂, up-regulated the defence responsive signalling transduction genes and the pathogenesis-related genes and increased JA and SA content in the resistant NIL Pi-4b. By contrary, lower content of endogenous JA and SA in osbrw1 mutants was found at the same stage. After that, OsSRFP1 was down-regulated to constitution abundance to balance the growth of the resistant NIL Pi-4b. In summary, OsBRW1 solicited OsSRFP1 to resist the infection of blast fungus in rice by inducing the synergism of induced systemic resistance (ISR) and system acquired resistance (SAR) and to balance the growth of rice plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142567144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wheat TaPYL9-involved signalling pathway impacts plant drought response through regulating distinct osmotic stress-associated physiological indices","authors":"Yanyang Zhang, Yingjia Zhao, Xiaoyang Hou, Chunlin Zhang, Ziyi Wang, Jiaqi Zhang, Xianchang Liu, Xinxin Shi, Wanrong Duan, Kai Xiao","doi":"10.1111/pbi.14501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.14501","url":null,"abstract":"The abscisic acid (ABA) signalling pathway plays a crucial role in plants’ response to drought stress. In this study, we aimed to characterize the impact of an ABA signalling module, which consisted of <i>TaPYL9</i> and its downstream partners in <i>Triticum aestivum</i>, on plant drought adaptation. Our results showed that TaPYL9 protein contains conserved motifs and targets plasma membrane and nucleus after being sorted by the endoplasmic reticulum. In addition, <i>TaPYL9</i> transcripts in both roots and leaves were significantly upregulated in response to drought stress. We conducted glucuronidase (GUS) histochemical staining analysis for transgenic plants carrying a truncated <i>TaPYL9</i> promoter, which suggested that <i>cis</i>-elements associate with ABA and drought response, such as ABRE, DRE and recognition sites MYB and MYC, regulating the gene transcription under drought conditions. Using protein interaction assays (i.e., yeast two-hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC), co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and <i>in vitro</i> pull-down), we demonstrated interactions between the intermediate segment of TaPYL9, the intermediate segment of TaPP2C6, the N-terminus of TaSnRK2.8 and the C-terminus of the transcription factor TabZIP1 in wheat, indicating the involvement of TaPYL9 in the constitution of an ABA signalling module, namely TaPYL9/TaPP2C6/TaSnRK2.8/TabZIP1. Transgene analysis revealed that <i>TaPYL9</i>, <i>TaSnRK2.8</i> and <i>TabZIP1</i> positively regulated drought response, while <i>TaPP2C6</i> negatively regulated it, and that these genes were closely associated with the regulation of stomata movement, osmolyte accumulation and ROS homeostasis. Electrophoretic mobility shift (EMSA) and transcriptioal activation assays indicated that TabZIP1 interacted promoters of <i>TaP5CS2</i>, <i>TaSLAC1-1</i> and <i>TaCAT2</i> and activated transcription of these genes, which regulated proline biosynthesis, stomata movement and ROS scavenging upon drought signalling, respectively. Furthermore, we found that the transcripts of <i>TaPYL9</i> and stress-responsive genes were positively correlated with yields in wheat cultivars under field drought conditions. Altogether, our findings suggest that the TaPYL9-involved signalling pathway significantly regulates drought response by modulating osmotic stress-associated physiological processes in <i>T. aestivum</i>.","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142566208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CRISPR/Cas knockout of the NADPH oxidase gene OsRbohB reduces ROS overaccumulation and enhances heat stress tolerance in rice.","authors":"Xiaolong Liu, Ping Ji, Jingpeng Liao, Ximiao Duan, Zhiyang Luo, Xin Yu, Chang-Jie Jiang, Chen Xu, Hongtao Yang, Bo Peng, Kai Jiang","doi":"10.1111/pbi.14500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.14500","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heat stress (HS) has become a major factor limiting crop yields worldwide. HS inhibits plant growth by ROS accumulation, and NADPH oxidases (Rbohs) are major ROS producers in plants. Here, we show that CRISPR/Cas knockout of the OsRbohB (OsRbohB-KO) significantly increased rice tolerance to HS imposed at various different growth stages. We produced OsRbohB-KO and OsRbohB-overexpression (OsRbohB-OE) lines in a japonica cultivar, Nipponbare. Compared with nontransgenic wild-type (WT) plants, the OsRbohB-KO lines showed a significant increase in chlorophyll contents (5.2%-58.0%), plant growth (48.2%-65.6%) and grain yield (8.9%-20.5%), while reducing HS-induced ROS accumulation in seeds (21.3%-33.0%), seedlings (13.0%-30.4%), anthers (13.1%-20.3%) and grains (9.7%-22.1%), under HS conditions. Analysis of yield components revealed that the increased yield of OsRbohB-KO plants was due to increased starch synthetase activity, spikelets per panicle (2.0%-9.3%), filled spikelets (4.8%-15.5%), percentage of filled spikelets (2.4%-6.8%) and 1000-grain weight (2.9%-7.4%) under HS conditions during the reproductive stage. Grain milling and appearance quality, and starch content were also significantly increased in OsRbohB-KO plants under HS conditions during the mature stage. Furthermore, OsRbohB-KO significantly upregulated the expression levels of heat shock-related genes, OsHSP23.7, OsHSP17.7, OsHSF7 and OsHsfA2a, in rice seedlings and grains under long-term HS conditions. Conversely, OsRbohB-OE resulted in phenotypes that were opposite to OsRbohB-KO in most cases. Our results suggest that suppression of OsRbohB provides an effective approach for alleviating heat damage and improving grain yield and quality of rice under long-term HS conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142562623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Redefining the accumulated temperature index for accurate prediction of rice flowering time in diverse environments","authors":"Xingbing Xu, Qiong Jia, Sijia Li, Julong Wei, Luchang Ming, Qi Yu, Jing Jiang, Peng Zhang, Honglin Yao, Shibo Wang, Chunjiao Xia, Kai Wang, Zhenyu Jia, Weibo Xie","doi":"10.1111/pbi.14498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.14498","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryAccurate prediction of flowering time across diverse environments is crucial for effective crop management and breeding. While the accumulated temperature index (ATI) is widely used as an indicator for estimating flowering time, its traditional definition lacks systematic evaluation and genetic basis understanding. Here, using data from 422 rice hybrids across 47 locations, we identified the optimal ATI calculation window as 1 day after sowing to 26 days before flowering. Based on this redefined ATI, we developed a single‐parameter model that outperforms the state‐of‐the‐art reaction norm index model in both accuracy and stability, especially with limited training data. We identified 10 loci significantly associated with ATI variation, including two near known flowering time genes and four linked to ecotype differentiation. To enhance practical utility, we developed an efficient flowering time prediction kit using 28 functionally relevant markers, complemented by a user‐friendly online tool (<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http://xielab.hzau.edu.cn/ATI\">http://xielab.hzau.edu.cn/ATI</jats:ext-link>). Our approach can be easily applied to other crops, as ATI is commonly used across various agricultural systems.","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142541252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}