Plant Biotechnology Journal最新文献

{"title":"Natural variation in CTF1 conferring cold tolerance at the flowering stage in rice","authors":"Jingfang Dong, Shaohong Zhang, Haifei Hu, Jian Wang, Risheng Li, Jing Wu, Jiansong Chen, Lian Zhou, Yamei Ma, Wenhui Li, Shuai Nie, Shaokui Wang, Guiquan Zhang, Bin Liu, Junliang Zhao, Tifeng Yang","doi":"10.1111/pbi.14600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.14600","url":null,"abstract":"Improving cold tolerance at the flowering stage (CTF) in rice is crucial for minimising yield loss, making the identification and application of cold-tolerant genes and QTLs imperative for effective molecular breeding. The long lead time, dependence on cold treatment conditions, and the inherent complexity of the trait make studying the genetic basis of CTF in rice challenging. To date, the fine-mapping or cloning of QTLs specific to CTF has not yet been achieved. In this study, single segment substitution lines (SSSLs) were constructed using HJX74 as the recipient and IR58025B, known for good CTF, as the donor. This approach led to the identification of two cold tolerance QTLs, <i>qCTF3</i> and <i>qCTF6</i>, in rice. <i>qCTF6</i> has promising breeding potential. Further, we identified the causal gene <i>CTF1</i> underlying <i>qCTF6</i> through map-based cloning<i>. CTF1</i> which encodes a conserved putative protein, has two SNPs within its coding sequence that influence CTF in rice. Additionally, genetic variations in the promoter of <i>CTF1</i> also contributes to CTF. Thirteen variant sites of <i>CTF1</i> in the four cold tolerance SSSLs are consistent with the IR58025B. Moreover, we analysed 307 accessions to characterise haplotypes based on the 13 variation sites, identifying five distinct haplotypes. The selection and evolutionary analysis indicate that the cold-tolerant haplotype of <i>CTF1</i> is a newly generated mutation that has undergone selection in <i>japonica</i> during domestication. This study not only provides a novel favourable gene for molecular breeding of CTF but also highlights the potential of <i>CTF1</i> in advancing rice breeding.","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143056341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct and indirect effects of multiplex genome editing of F5H and FAD2 in oil crop camelina","authors":"Jarst van Belle, Jan G. Schaart, Annemarie C. Dechesne, Danli Fei, Abraham Ontiveros Cisneros, Michele Serafini, Richard G.F. Visser, Eibertus N. van Loo","doi":"10.1111/pbi.14593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.14593","url":null,"abstract":"Mutants with simultaneous germline mutations were obtained in all three <i>F5H</i> genes and all three <i>FAD2</i> genes (one to eleven mutated alleles) in order to improve the feed value of the seed meal and the fatty acid composition of the seed oil. In mutants with multiple mutated <i>F5H</i> alleles, sinapine in seed meal was reduced by up to 100%, accompanied by a sharp reduction in the S-monolignol content of lignin without causing lodging or stem break. A lower S-lignin monomer content in stems can contribute to improved stem degradability allowing new uses of stems. Mutants in all six <i>FAD2</i> alleles showed an expected increase in MUFA from 8.7% to 74% and a reduction in PUFA from 53% to 13% in the fatty acids in seed oil. Remarkably, some full <i>FAD2</i> mutants showed normal growth and seed production and not the dwarfing phenotype reported in previous studies. The relation between germline mutation allele dosage and phenotype was influenced by the still ongoing activity of the CRISPR/Cas9 system, leading to new somatic mutations in the leaves of flowering plants. The correlations between the total mutation frequency (germline plus new somatic mutations) for <i>F5H</i> with sinapine content, and <i>FAD2</i> with fatty acid composition were higher than the correlations between germline mutation count and phenotypes. This shows the importance of quantifying both the germline mutations and somatic mutations when studying CRISPR/Cas9 effects in situations where the CRISPR/Cas9 system is not yet segregated out.","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143044199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering transgenic Populus with enhanced biomass, wood quality and pest resistance through dual gene expression","authors":"Dian Wang, Fumei Liu, Mengyan Zhao, Xihao Yu, Jiping Feng, Wei Wang, Mengzhu Lu, Wei Li, Xianfeng Tang, Congpeng Wang, Gongke Zhou","doi":"10.1111/pbi.14590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.14590","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Wood, one of the most abundant renewable natural resources globally, plays a crucial role in the timber, papermaking and bioenergy industries (Chutturi &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;). Wood (i.e. secondary xylem) is derived from vascular cambium, which is pivotal in determining the wood biomass in woody plants (Tang &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) act as signalling molecules that regulate plant development, growth and responses to abiotic and biotic stresses (Wang &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;). Numerous studies underscore the significance of ROS in maintaining the root and shoot stem cell niches (Wang &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;). A recent study has indicated that LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN 11 (LBD11) governs several ROS metabolic genes to manage the specific distribution of ROS within the cambium, thus affecting cambial cell proliferation in &lt;i&gt;Arabidopsis&lt;/i&gt; root and shoot (Dang &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;). However, there remains a lack of clarity on the biological functions of ROS accumulation in tree vascular cambium activity. Additionally, the localized accumulation of ROS is required for lignin biosynthesis (Wang &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;). Therefore, ROS homeostasis enables woody plants to fine-tune the activity of cambium, increase wood yield and improve their quality.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000&lt;p&gt;In plants, various forms of ROS exist, including singlet oxygen (&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;), superoxide anion (O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;·−&lt;/sup&gt;), hydrogen peroxide (H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;), hydroxyl radical (HO&lt;sup&gt;·&lt;/sup&gt;) and others. Among them, O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;·−&lt;/sup&gt; and H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; play a crucial role in regulating stem cell fate in shoot apical meristem (SAM) and root apical meristem (RAM) (Wang &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;). Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are a group of metalloenzymes that scavenge ROS by converting O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;·−&lt;/sup&gt; radicals into H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;. In SAM and RAM, the balance between O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;·−&lt;/sup&gt; and H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; plays a critical role in the maintenance and differentiation of stem cells (Zeng &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2017&lt;/span&gt;). Since the development of vascular cambium originates from the peripheral region of SAM, the balance between O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;·−&lt;/sup&gt; and H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; may also contribute significantly to vascular cambium activity. In this study, 11 &lt;i&gt;SOD&lt;/i&gt; genes were identified in &lt;i&gt;Populus&lt;/i&gt; genome (Figure S1). As revealed by the cell-type transcriptome analysis of the poplar stem (Dai &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;), among the 11 &lt;i&gt;SOD&lt;/i&gt; genes, &lt;i&gt;CSD2&lt;/i&gt; has a higher specific expression level in the cambium other than in the xylem or phloem, indicating a potential role of &lt;i&gt;CSD2&lt;/i&gt; in vascular cambium development (Figure 1a).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000&lt;figure&gt;&lt;picture&gt;\u0000&lt;source media=\"(min-width: 1650px)\" srcset=\"/cms/asset/780ef7f0-e5c7-4432-ab01-3e7f86656935/pbi14590-fig-0001-m.jpg\"/&gt;&lt;img alt=\"Det","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143026353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brassinosteroids enhance gibberellic acid biosynthesis to promote cotton fibre cell elongation","authors":"Liyong Hou, Liping Zhu, Miaomiao Hao, Yufei Liang, Guanghui Xiao","doi":"10.1111/pbi.14579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.14579","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Cotton serves as not only a crucial natural textile crop, with cotton fibre accounting for approximately 95% of fibre usage in the textile industry but also a valuable model for the investigation of plant cell elongation (Cao &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;; Wang &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2019&lt;/span&gt;). The plant hormones brassinosteroid (BR) and gibberellic acid (GA) promote fibre cell development (He &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;; Huang &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;; Shan &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2014&lt;/span&gt;; Zhu &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;). Despite the positive role of BR and GA in fibre cell development that has been reported, the cross-talk between BR and GA biosynthesis pathway and signalling pathway in fibre growth remains largely unknown. In this study, our results reveal that BR stimulates GA biosynthesis during fibre elongation in cotton.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000&lt;p&gt;BR and GA considerably promote cotton fibre development, whereas their respective inhibitors, brassinazole (BRZ, a BR biosynthesis inhibitor) and paclobutrazol (PAC, a GA biosynthesis inhibitor), impede fibre growth (Yang &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;; Zhu &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;). To explore the potential regulatory mechanisms between BR and GA, we treated wild-type (WT) ovules to with BR, BRZ, GA&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, and PAC using an &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; ovule culture system. Our observations reveal that BR and GA improved fibre development, and BRZ and PAC impeded it. In addition, GA&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; mitigated the inhibitory effects of BRZ on fibre development, whereas PAC treatment considerably inhibited the fibre-promoting effect of BR Figure 1a,b. Moreover, the GA levels were increased after the BR treatment and decreased after the BRZ treatment (ovule with fibres; Figure 1c). &lt;i&gt;BES1&lt;/i&gt; (Gh_D02G0939) is the critical regulator in BR signalling (Zhu &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;). Overexpression of &lt;i&gt;BES1&lt;/i&gt; notably stimulated the GA content in fibres (Figure 1d), accompanied with the considerably increased fibre length (Figure 1e,f and S1a,b). PAC significantly inhibited the promotion of fibre length after &lt;i&gt;BES1&lt;/i&gt; overexpression (Figure S2a,b). These results suggest that BR acts upstream of GA in the context of fibre development.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000&lt;figure&gt;&lt;picture&gt;\u0000&lt;source media=\"(min-width: 1650px)\" srcset=\"/cms/asset/39103016-aadc-4499-87bf-3d0aa70332d7/pbi14579-fig-0001-m.jpg\"/&gt;&lt;img alt=\"Details are in the caption following the image\" data-lg-src=\"/cms/asset/39103016-aadc-4499-87bf-3d0aa70332d7/pbi14579-fig-0001-m.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"/cms/asset/2969d54d-45ef-4a46-95b5-fcdb7ca1f7f4/pbi14579-fig-0001-m.png\" title=\"Details are in the caption following the image\"/&gt;&lt;/picture&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt;\u0000&lt;div&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Figure 1&lt;span style=\"font-weight:normal\"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;div&gt;Open in figure viewer&lt;i aria-hidden=\"true\"&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;PowerPoint&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;\u0000&lt;/div&gt;\u0000&lt;div&gt;BR enhances GA biosynthesis to promote fibre cell growth in cotton. (a) Phenotypes of fibres derived from ovules cultured with 0.5 μM GA&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143020988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jan and mini-Jan, a model system for potato functional genomics","authors":"Haoyang Xin, Luke W. Strickland, John P. Hamilton, Jacob K. Trusky, Chao Fang, Nathaniel M. Butler, David S. Douches, C. Robin Buell, Jiming Jiang","doi":"10.1111/pbi.14582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.14582","url":null,"abstract":"Potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i>) is the third-most important food crop in the world. Although the potato genome has been fully sequenced, functional genomics research of potato lags behind that of other major food crops, largely due to the lack of a model experimental potato line. Here, we present a diploid potato line, ‘Jan,’ which possesses all essential characteristics for facile functional genomics studies. Jan exhibits a high level of homozygosity after seven generations of self-pollination. Jan is vigorous, highly fertile and produces tubers with outstanding traits. Additionally, it demonstrates high regeneration rates and excellent transformation efficiencies. We generated a chromosome-scale genome assembly for Jan, annotated its genes and identified syntelogs relative to the potato reference genome assembly DMv6.1 to facilitate functional genomics. To miniaturize plant architecture, we developed two ‘mini-Jan’ lines with compact and dwarf plant stature through CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis targeting the <i>Dwarf</i> and <i>Erecta</i> genes involved in growth. One mini-Jan mutant, mini-Jan^E, is fully fertile and will permit higher-throughput studies in limited growth chamber and greenhouse space. Thus, Jan and mini-Jan offer a robust model system that can be leveraged for gene editing and functional genomics research in potato.","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"136 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143020989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential expression of CCD4(4B) drives natural variation in fruit carotenoid content in strawberry (Fragaria spp.)","authors":"Iraida Amaya, F. Javier Roldán-Guerra, José L. Ordóñez-Díaz, Rocío Torreblanca, Henning Wagner, Veronika Waurich, Klaus Olbricht, José M. Moreno-Rojas, José F. Sánchez-Sevilla, Cristina Castillejo","doi":"10.1111/pbi.14523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.14523","url":null,"abstract":"Carotenoids are a diverse group of pigments imparting red, orange, and yellow hues to many horticultural plants, also enhancing their nutritional properties and health benefits. In strawberry, the genetic and molecular mechanisms regulating the natural variation of fruit carotenoid composition remain largely unexplored. In this study, we use a population segregating in yellow/white flesh to detect a major quantitative trait locus (QTL), <i>qYellow Flesh-4B</i>, located on chromosome 4B and accounting for 82% of total phenotypic variation. In the QTL interval, specific polymorphisms on the promoter of the carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase <i>CCD4(4B)</i> were associated with yellow flesh, down-regulation of <i>CCD4(4B)</i> during ripening, and increased carotenoid content. The role of CCD4(4B) in carotenoid turnover was further confirmed through transient overexpression in strawberry fruits, which resulted in decreased concentrations of the xanthophylls violaxanthin, lutein, and zeaxanthin. Notably, a −35 C&gt;T single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the <i>CCD4(4B)</i> promoter was predictive of both <i>CCD4(4B)</i> expression and carotenoid content across a diverse collection of octoploid <i>Fragaria</i> species. These findings provide valuable genetic insights into the natural variation of carotenoid composition and accumulation in strawberry. A high-resolution melting (HRM) DNA test developed in this study offers a rapid and reliable method for predicting high carotenoid content in strawberry fruits, representing a valuable tool for breeding projects aimed at enhancing the nutritional value of this crop.","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142992145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The splicing auxiliary factor OsU2AF35a enhances thermotolerance via protein separation and promoting proper splicing of OsHSA32 pre-mRNA in rice","authors":"Jianping Liu, Xin Li, Ke Wang, Tao Wang, Yang Meng, Zhi Peng, Jinli Huang, Jiaohan Huo, Xiaoqi Zhu, Jinyong Yang, Yongxi Fan, Feiyun Xu, Qian Zhang, Zhengrui Wang, Ya Wang, Hao Chen, Weifeng Xu","doi":"10.1111/pbi.14587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.14587","url":null,"abstract":"Heat stress significantly impacts global rice production, highlighting the critical need to understand the genetic basis of heat resistance in rice. U2AF (<span style=\"text-decoration:underline\">U2</span> snRNP <span style=\"text-decoration:underline\">a</span>uxiliary <span style=\"text-decoration:underline\">f</span>actor) is an essential splicing complex with critical roles in recognizing the 3′-splice site of precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). The U2AF small subunit (U2AF35) can bind to the 3′-AG intron border and promote U2 snRNP binding to the branch-point sequences of introns through interaction with the U2AF large subunit (U2AF65). However, the functions of U2AF35 in plants are poorly understood. In this study, we discovered that the <i>OsU2AF35a</i> gene was vigorously induced by heat stress and could positively regulate rice thermotolerance during both the seedling and reproductive growth stages. OsU2AF35a interacts with OsU2AF65a within the nucleus, and both of them can form condensates through liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) following heat stress. The intrinsically disordered regions (IDR) are accountable for their LLPS. OsU2AF35a condensation is indispensable for thermotolerance. RNA-seq analysis disclosed that, subsequent to heat treatment, the expression levels of several genes associated with water deficiency and oxidative stress in <i>osu2af35a-1</i> were markedly lower than those in ZH11. In accordance with this, OsU2AF35a is capable of positively regulating the oxidative stress resistance of rice. The pre-mRNAs of a considerable number of genes in the <i>osu2af35a-1</i> mutant exhibited defective splicing, among which was the <i>OsHSA32</i> gene. Knocking out <i>OsHSA32</i> significantly reduced the thermotolerance of rice, while overexpressing <i>OsHSA32</i> could partially rescue the heat sensitivity of <i>osu2af35a-1</i>. Together, our findings uncovered the essential role of OsU2AF35a in rice heat stress response through protein separation and regulating alternative pre-mRNA splicing.","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143020865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The wheat NLR pair RXL/Pm5e confers resistance to powdery mildew","authors":"Guanghao Guo, Kaihong Bai, Yikun Hou, Zhen Gong, Huaizhi Zhang, Qiuhong Wu, Ping Lu, Miaomiao Li, Lingli Dong, Jingzhong Xie, Yongxing Chen, Panpan Zhang, Keyu Zhu, Beibei Li, Wenling Li, Lei Dong, Yijun Yang, Dan Qiu, Gaojie Wang, Hee-Kyung Ahn, He Zhao, Chengguo Yuan, Wenqi Shi, Minfeng Xue, Lijun Yang, Dazao Yu, Yusheng Zhao, Yuhang Chen, Hongjie Li, Tiezhu Hu, Guan-Zhu Han, Jonathan D G Jones, Zhiyong Liu","doi":"10.1111/pbi.14584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.14584","url":null,"abstract":"Powdery mildew poses a significant threat to global wheat production and most cloned and deployed resistance genes for wheat breeding encode nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat (NLR) immune receptors. Although two genetically linked NLRs function together as an NLR pair have been reported in other species, this phenomenon has been relatively less studied in wheat. Here, we demonstrate that two tightly linked NLR genes, <i>RXL</i> and <i>Pm5e</i>, arranged in a head-to-head orientation, function together as an <i>NLR</i> pair to mediate powdery mildew resistance in wheat. The resistance function of the <i>RXL</i>/<i>Pm5e</i> pair is validated by mutagenesis, gene silencing, and gene-editing assays. Interestingly, both <i>RXL</i> and <i>Pm5e</i> encode atypical NLRs, with RXL possessing a truncated NB-ARC (nucleotide binding adaptor shared by APAF-1, plant R proteins and CED-4) domain and Pm5e featuring an atypical coiled-coil (CC) domain. Notably, RXL and Pm5e lack an integrated domain associated with effector recognition found in all previously reported NLR pairs. Additionally, RXL and Pm5e exhibit a preference for forming hetero-complexes rather than homo-complexes, highlighting their cooperative role in disease resistance. We further show that the CC domain of Pm5e specifically suppresses the hypersensitive response induced by the CC domain of RXL through competitive interaction, revealing regulatory mechanisms within this NLR pair. Our study sheds light on the molecular mechanism underlying <i>RXL</i>/<i>Pm5e-</i>mediated powdery mildew resistance and provides a new example of an <i>NLR</i> pair in wheat disease resistance.","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142992146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Telomere-to-telomere genome of the desiccation-tolerant desert moss Syntrichia caninervis illuminates Copia-dominant centromeric architecture","authors":"Bei Gao, Jichen Zhao, Xiaoshuang Li, Jianhua Zhang, Melvin J. Oliver, Daoyuan Zhang","doi":"10.1111/pbi.14549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.14549","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The extremophile desert moss &lt;i&gt;Syntrichia caninervis&lt;/i&gt;, from the Gurbantunggut Desert in China, was capable of surviving simulated Mars conditions (Li &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;). &lt;i&gt;Syntrichia caninervis&lt;/i&gt; has become a research model for plant desiccation tolerance (Oliver &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;). The chromosome-level genome of &lt;i&gt;S. caninervis&lt;/i&gt;, from gametophytes originating from the Mojave Desert, was sequenced and assembled (Silva &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;), facilitating research on gene function (Li &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;) and comparative and evolutionary genomics (Zhang &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;). This &lt;i&gt;S. caninervis&lt;/i&gt; genome was considered an initial version (ScMoj v1). Because the ScMoj v1 genome relies on assembly of short reads, it has issues with continuity, gaps and assembly errors related to repetitive sequences. Here we generated a high-quality genome for the &lt;i&gt;S. caninervis&lt;/i&gt; isolated from the Gurbantunggut Desert (designated ScGur).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000&lt;p&gt;Cultured gametophytes propagated from a single female gametophyte (Figure S1) were used for DNA isolation. The genome was assembled from PacBio High Fidelity (HiFi) and Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) ultra-long reads (Table S1) using hifiasm and NextDenovo softwares. The complete circular genomes of the &lt;i&gt;S. caninervis&lt;/i&gt; chloroplast (123 124 bp, Figure S2) and mitochondria (108 309 bp, Figure S3) were obtained using GetOrganelle. A single circular bacterial genome of 6 933 718 bp (Figure 1a) was discovered during assembly with high genomic synteny (Figure 1b) to three genomic contigs of &lt;i&gt;Paenibacillus cellulosilyticus&lt;/i&gt; (NCBI accession: GCF_013347265.1), indicating an internally symbiotic bacteria &lt;i&gt;Paenibacillus&lt;/i&gt; sp. within &lt;i&gt;S. caninervis&lt;/i&gt; gametophytes.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000&lt;figure&gt;&lt;picture&gt;\u0000&lt;source media=\"(min-width: 1650px)\" srcset=\"/cms/asset/96930a0f-6765-4442-bb29-f03b2f725bae/pbi14549-fig-0001-m.jpg\"/&gt;&lt;img alt=\"Details are in the caption following the image\" data-lg-src=\"/cms/asset/96930a0f-6765-4442-bb29-f03b2f725bae/pbi14549-fig-0001-m.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"/cms/asset/eed8b8bf-93e4-4eb0-8fb4-76fbe6812297/pbi14549-fig-0001-m.png\" title=\"Details are in the caption following the image\"/&gt;&lt;/picture&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt;\u0000&lt;div&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Figure 1&lt;span style=\"font-weight:normal\"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;div&gt;Open in figure viewer&lt;i aria-hidden=\"true\"&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;PowerPoint&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;\u0000&lt;/div&gt;\u0000&lt;div&gt;Complete genome assembly of the desert moss &lt;i&gt;Syntrichia caninervis&lt;/i&gt; and its symbiotic bacteria. (a) Complete circular genome of the symbiotic bacteria &lt;i&gt;Paenibacillus&lt;/i&gt; sp., illustrated tracks included the GC skew (purple and green), GC content (grey) and the 6-frame protein coding sequences (blue). (b) Collinearity analyses of the symbiotic bacterial genomic sequence with the three contigs of &lt;i&gt;Paenibacillus cellulosilyticus&lt;/i&gt; (strain KACC 14175) genome. (c) Overview and comparison of the ScMoj v1 and ScGur T2T genomes. (d) Overview of the genomic s","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143021108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-omics analysis identified the GmUGT88A1 gene, which coordinately regulates soybean resistance to cyst nematode and isoflavone content","authors":"Haipeng Jiang, Shuo Qu, Fang Liu, Haowen Sun, Haiyan Li, Weili Teng, Yuhang Zhan, Yongguang Li, Yingpeng Han, Xue Zhao","doi":"10.1111/pbi.14586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.14586","url":null,"abstract":"Soybean cyst nematode (SCN, <i>Heterodera glycines</i>) is a major pathogen harmful to soybean all over the world, causing huge yield loss every year. Soybean resistance to SCN is a complex quantitative trait controlled by a small number of major genes (<i>rhg1</i> and <i>Rhg4</i>) and multiple micro-effect genes. Therefore, the continuous identification of new resistant lines and genes is needed for the sustainable development of global soybean production. Here, a novel disease-resistance quantitative trait locus <i>Rscn-16</i> was identified and fine mapped to an 8.4-kb interval on chromosome 16 using an F₂ population. According to transcriptome and metabolome analysis, a UDP-glucosyltransferase encoding gene, <i>GmUGT88A1</i>, was identified as the most likely gene of <i>Rscn-16</i>. Soybean lines overexpressing <i>GmUGT88A1</i> exhibited increased resistance to SCN, higher isoflavone glycosides and larger seed size while the phenotype of RNA-interference and knockout soybean lines showed sensitivity to SCN and decreased in seed size compared to wild-type plants. <i>GmMYB29</i> gene could bind to the promoter of <i>GmUGT88A1</i> and coordinate with <i>GmUGT88A1</i> to regulate soybean resistance to SCN and isoflavone accumulation. Under SCN infection, <i>GmUGT88A1</i> participated in the reorientation of isoflavone biosynthetic metabolic flow and the accumulation of isoflavone glycosides, thus protecting soybean from SCN stress. <i>GmUGT88A1</i> was found to control soybean seed size by affecting transcription abundance of <i>GmSWEET10b</i> and <i>GmFAD3C</i>, which are known to control soybean seed weight. Our findings provide insights into the regulation of SCN resistance, isoflavone content and seed size through metabolic flux redirection, and offer a potential means for soybean improvement.","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142990591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}