Plant Biotechnology Journal最新文献

{"title":"Guava root exudate‐driven rhizosphere microorganisms changes transmitted to foliar‐feeding insects influence their feeding behaviour","authors":"Peiwen Zhang, Wei Lu, Lei Yue, Zhixiang Zhang, Xuehua Shao","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.70109","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryThe growth of different grafted guava was different as affected by grafting on different rootstock varieties, which also influenced the damage degree of <jats:italic>Spodoptera litura</jats:italic> larvae. The co‐regulation of the pest gut by rhizosphere microorganisms and root exudates may contribute to this differential damage. In this study, the microorganisms of soil, plants, <jats:italic>S. litura</jats:italic> larvae and root exudates of guava grafted on different rootstock varieties were analysed and compared. The activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase in the midgut of <jats:italic>S. litura</jats:italic> larvae feeding on heterograft leaves of guava (where rootstock and scion are of the different variety) were significantly higher than those in the midgut of <jats:italic>S. litura</jats:italic> larvae feeding on homograft leaves of guava (where rootstock and scion are of the same variety), and glutathione s‐transferase activity showed an opposite result. <jats:italic>Enterococcus</jats:italic> spp. and <jats:italic>Escherichia</jats:italic> spp. were the two bacterial genera with the greatest difference in abundance in the midgut of <jats:italic>S. litura</jats:italic> larvae and exhibited a negative correlation with each other. The root system of guava influenced the root structure, soil nutrients and the population structure and diversity of rhizosphere microorganisms by regulating the type and amount of root exudates. Root exudates also influenced the physiological and biochemical status of <jats:italic>S. litura</jats:italic> larvae by regulating the rhizosphere microorganisms driving the tritrophic interaction of plant–microbes–insects. Based on our results and the observed differences in pest occurrence among different grafted plants, improving varieties through grafting may become an effective strategy to reduce the impact of insect pests on guava.","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"119 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143920842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The chimeric gene orf610a reduces cotton pollen fertility by impairing the assembly of ATP synthase","authors":"Yang Han, Lishuang Ge, Juanjuan Feng, Meng Zhang, Hexuan Zhang, Lin Shi, Di Wu, Xuexian Zhang, Liping Guo, Tingxiang Qi, Huini Tang, Xiuqin Qiao, Chaozhu Xing, Jianyong Wu","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.70105","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryCytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) serves as a pivotal tool for exploiting hybrid vigour and studying nuclear‐cytoplasmic interactions. Despite its long‐standing use in cotton breeding, the underlying mechanisms of the CMS‐D2 system remain elusive. Our study unravelled the role of the mitochondrial chimeric gene <jats:italic>orf610a</jats:italic> in reducing fertility in cotton through its interaction with ATP synthase subunit D (atpQ). Using yeast two‐hybrid, bimolecular luciferase complementation, and transgenic overexpression studies, we identified a unique interaction between orf610a and atpQ, which disturbs the assembly of ATP synthase. This interaction leads to a decrease in ATP levels, an increase in H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> production, and mitochondrial dysfunctions, which are associated with pollen abortion. Transcriptomic and biochemical analyses of three independent overexpression lines identified 1711 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), among which 10 were related to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ATP production. Phenotypic analysis confirmed that orf610a expression causes abnormal anther development and reduced pollen viability, contributing to sterility. Notably, SEM and TEM analyses highlighted structural anomalies in the pollen of <jats:italic>orf610a</jats:italic>‐overexpressing lines, supporting the detrimental impacts of altered ATP synthase function. Our findings suggest that orf610a's interaction with ATP synthase components disrupts normal mitochondrial function and energy production, leading to male sterility in cotton. Understanding the molecular interactions involved in CMS can aid in developing strategies to manipulate sterility for crop improvement, offering insights into mitochondrial‐nuclear interactions that could impact future breeding programmes.","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143920839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ESSENTIAL MEIOTIC ENDONUCLEASE 1 is required for chloroplast development and DNA repair in rice","authors":"Yanxin Du, Yang Li, Weijiang Tang, Weiping Mo, Tingting Ma, Rongcheng Lin","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.70101","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryChloroplast development is fundamental to photosynthesis and plant growth but is sensitive to environmental stress. Chloroplast development and division require genome stability and DNA repair, but the underlying mechanisms have been unclear. Using a forward genetic approach, we identified the striped‐leaf mutant <jats:italic>k48</jats:italic> in the rice (<jats:italic>Oryza sativa</jats:italic> L. <jats:italic>japonica</jats:italic>) cultivar KY131 background. <jats:italic>k48</jats:italic> displayed defects in chloroplast development and photosynthesis, especially under high‐light conditions. Genetic and complementation studies revealed that the loss of ESSENTIAL MEIOTIC ENDONUCLEASE 1 (EME1) is responsible for the defects in <jats:italic>k48</jats:italic>. Transcriptomic analysis showed that OsEME1 globally regulates the expression of genes involved in photosynthesis and DNA repair. Furthermore, mutations in <jats:italic>OsEME1</jats:italic> led to cell cycle arrest and a DNA damage response. An <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic> endonuclease activity assay indicated that OsEME1 directly binds to and cleaves DNA substrates with a specific structure and that four conserved amino acids are required for its activity. Notably, OsEME1 targeted DNA fragments of rice <jats:italic>GOLDEN‐LIKE 1</jats:italic> (<jats:italic>GLK1</jats:italic>) and <jats:italic>GLK2</jats:italic>. We also demonstrated that OsEME1 interacts with the structure‐specific endonuclease methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) and UV‐SENSITIVE PROTEIN 81 (MUS81). This study highlights the role of OsEME1 in regulating chloroplast development by modulating homologous recombination repair in response to damage to double‐stranded DNA.","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143920761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LRM3 positively regulates stem lodging resistance by degradating MYB6 transcriptional repressor in soybean","authors":"Yongheng Ye, Zhiyuan Cheng, Xinjing Yang, Suxin Yang, Kuanqiang Tang, Hui Yu, Jinshan Gao, Yaohua Zhang, Jiantian Leng, Wei Zhang, Ye Zhang, Moran Bu, Zhengwei Liang, Zhicheng Dong, Zhonghui Zhang, Xianzhong Feng","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.70124","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryStem lodging resistance plays a critical role in maintaining soybean yield stability, yet the molecular mechanisms governing stem development and lodging tolerance remain poorly understood. Here, we report the characterization of <jats:italic>lodging‐related mutant 3</jats:italic> (<jats:italic>lrm3</jats:italic>), a weak‐stemmed soybean line exhibiting increased lodging susceptibility. Molecular cloning revealed that <jats:italic>LRM3</jats:italic> encodes a U‐box E3 ubiquitin ligase that physically interacts with the transcription factor MYB6, targeting it for 26S proteasome‐mediated degradation. Transcriptomic and chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses demonstrated that MYB6 binds directly to the promoter regions of <jats:italic>PHENYLALANINE AMMONIA‐LYASE</jats:italic> (<jats:italic>PAL</jats:italic>) genes, repressing their transcriptional activity and consequently reducing lignin biosynthesis and secondary cell wall deposition in stems. Population genetic analysis identified three major <jats:italic>LRM3</jats:italic> haplotypes, with Haplotype 1 preferentially retained in landraces and modern cultivars, suggesting artificial selection during domestication. Collectively, our findings elucidate a previously uncharacterized regulatory mechanism integrating ubiquitin‐mediated proteolysis and phenylpropanoid metabolism to enhance stem mechanical strength. This study provides novel genetic insights and molecular tools for improving lodging resistance in soybean breeding programs.","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143920840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PGCP: A comprehensive database of plant genomes for comparative phylogenomics.","authors":"Xinkai Zhou,Hai-Yun Fan,Xing-Yu Feng,Zhonghao Ruan,Jinkai Yuan,Quan Han,Zhaohui He,Yuxin You,Haoyu Chao,Ming Chen,Zhu-Qing Shao,Jia-Yu Xue,Dijun Chen","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.70110","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143914944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome assembly and population genomic analysis reveal the genetic basis of popcorn evolution","authors":"Xiaojian Fang, Hangqin Liu, Jiacheng Liu, Yang Song, Min Xu, Xing Jian, Li Dong, Qianwen Zhang, Le Xu, Guorui Fan, Zhaoying Wang, Yiwen You, Tianyu Feng, Wenyu Li, Yuling Li, Rentao Song, Zhongwei Lin","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.70125","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryPopcorn, one of the world's most popular snack foods, represents the most ancient type of maize domesticated by humans. However, the genetic basis underlying popcorn evolution and kernel‐popping traits remains largely unknown. In this study, we assembled a high‐quality genome sequence of the popcorn landrace <jats:italic>Strawberry Popcorn</jats:italic> (SP) and conducted extensive population genomic analyses. The SP genome spans 2.3 Gb and harbours a large inversion on chromosome 8, along with millions of genetic variants that enable the discovery of beneficial alleles. Translocations and substantial duplications of the <jats:italic>Ga1</jats:italic> gene occurred in the locus associated with unilateral cross‐incompatibility on chromosome 4. Tandemly duplicated <jats:italic>Ga1</jats:italic> genes underwent pseudogenisation and truncation with complete loss of gene function. The <jats:italic>P1</jats:italic> gene experienced gene expansion and regulatory modifications, leading to downregulation of transcription and subsequent loss of pericarp colour during maize domestication and improvement. Population genomic analysis further identified a subset of 12 marker genes from over 2494 genes under human selection, which were reshaped to enhance kernel‐popping traits during domestication. These marker genes include <jats:italic>Pl1</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Dek1</jats:italic> for pericarp and aleurone layer thickness; <jats:italic>THP9</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Sh2</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>SUS1</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Smk10</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>KW1</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>O7</jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>NKD1</jats:italic> for protein and starch biosynthesis; and <jats:italic>VP5</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CCD7</jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Crti3</jats:italic> for carotene biosynthesis, which all influence endosperm vitreousness, a key factor determining kernel hardness for popping. Among these genes, <jats:italic>KW1</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>O7</jats:italic> stand out as pivotal genes with a significant impact on kernel‐popping performance. These results provide a wealth of gene targets to greatly accelerate the molecular breeding of improved popcorn varieties.","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143905758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A fijivirus capsid protein hijacks autophagy degrading an ω‐3 fatty acid desaturase to suppress jasmonate‐mediated antiviral defence","authors":"Jianjian Liu, Xinxin Jing, Pengyue Wang, Gaohua Wang, Meirong Xiang, Pengbai Li, Hongfeng Zou, Honglian Li, Zujian Wu, Chaonan Wang, Songbai Zhang, Chao Zhang","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.70119","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryPlant viruses often suppress jasmonic acid (JA)‐mediated defences through disturbing JA signalling or biosynthesis pathways to benefit their own infection. Few studies have examined how the precursors of JA biosynthesis are regulated by viral infection. In this study, we demonstrate that rice black‐streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) infection inhibits the production of α‐linolenic acid (C18:3), a key JA biosynthesis precursor that is catalysed by a set of fatty acid desaturases (FADs). The viral capsid protein P10 directly interacts with OsFAD7, an ω‐3 fatty acid desaturase, and promotes its autophagic degradation through an ATG8‐interaction motif (AIM). This disrupts JA production and weakens antiviral defence against RBSDV infection. Genetic analysis reveals that overexpression of <jats:italic>OsFAD7</jats:italic> enhances JA levels and resistance to virus. But OsFAD7‐mediated antiviral resistance is attenuated if <jats:italic>OsCOI1a</jats:italic>, a JA receptor, is silenced, indicating that the enhancement of resistance to RBSDV infection conferred by OsFAD7 depends on the JA pathway. Our findings reveal a novel viral strategy that suppresses JA biosynthesis at its metabolic source, providing insights for developing viral protection strategies and virus‐resistant crops.","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143905818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promoter replacement by genome editing creates gain‐of‐function traits in Arabidopsis","authors":"Takashi Nobusawa, Michiharu Nakano, Yumi Nagashima, Makoto Kusaba","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.70123","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143910335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OsFON879, an orphan gene, regulates floral organ homeostasis in rice","authors":"Dong‐Hui Wang, Zhi‐Hong Xu, Shu‐Nong Bai","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.70121","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"139 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143902927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A telomere‐to‐telomere gap‐free assembly integrating multi‐omics uncovers the genetic mechanism of fruit quality and important agronomic trait associations in pomegranate","authors":"Lina Chen, Hao Wang, Tingtao Xu, Ruitao Liu, Juanli Zhu, Haoxian Li, Huawei Zhang, Liying Tang, Dan Jing, Xuanwen Yang, Qigao Guo, Peng Wang, Luwei Wang, Junhao Liu, Shuyun Duan, Zhaoning Liu, Mengchi Huang, Xiaolong Li, Zhenhua Lu","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.70107","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryPomegranate is an important perennial fruit tree distributed worldwide. Reference genomes with gaps and limit gene identification controlling important agronomic traits hinder its functional genomics and genetic improvements. Here, we reported a telomere‐to‐telomere (T2T) gap‐free genome assembly of the distinctive cultivar ‘Moshiliu’. The Moshiliu reference genome was assembled into eight chromosomes without gaps, totalling ~366.71 Mb, with 32 158 predicted protein‐coding genes. All 16 telomeres and eight centromeres were characterized; combined with FISH analysis, we revealed the atypical telomere units in pomegranate as TTTTAGGG. Furthermore, a total of 16 loci associated with 15 important agronomic traits were identified based on GWAS of 146 accessions. Gene editing and biochemical experiments demonstrated that a 37.2‐Kb unique chromosome translocation disrupting the coding domain sequence of <jats:italic>PgANS</jats:italic> was responsible for anthocyanin‐less, knockout of <jats:italic>PgANS</jats:italic> in pomegranate exhibited a defect in anthocyanin production; a unique repeat expansion in the promoter of <jats:italic>PgANR</jats:italic> may affected its expression, resulting in black peel; notably, the G → A transversion located at the 166‐bp coding domain of <jats:italic>PgNST3</jats:italic>, which caused a E56K mutation in the PgNST3 protein, closely linked with soft‐seed trait. Overexpression of <jats:italic>PgNST3</jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>A</jats:italic></jats:sup> in tomato presented smaller and softer seed coats. The E56K mutation in PgNST3 protein, eliminated the binding ability of PgNST3 to the <jats:italic>PgMYB46</jats:italic> promoter, which subsequently affected the thickness of the inner seed coat of soft‐seeded pomegranates. Collectively, the validated gap‐free genome, the identified genes controlling important traits and the CRISPR‐Cas9‐mediated gene knockout system all provided invaluable resources for pomegranate precise breeding.","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143902946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}