Space Weather最新文献_第6页

Quantifying Uncertainties in the Quiet-Time Ionosphere-Thermosphere Using WAM-IPE 利用 WAM-IPE 量化安静时电离层-热大气层的不确定性

IF 3.7 2区地球科学

Space Weather Pub Date : 2024-02-03 DOI: 10.1029/2023sw003665

Weijia Zhan, Alireza Doostan, Eric Sutton, Tzu-Wei Fang

{"title":"Quantifying Uncertainties in the Quiet-Time Ionosphere-Thermosphere Using WAM-IPE","authors":"Weijia Zhan, Alireza Doostan, Eric Sutton, Tzu-Wei Fang","doi":"10.1029/2023sw003665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023sw003665","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a data-driven approach to quantify uncertainties in the ionosphere-thermosphere (IT) system due to varying solar wind parameters (drivers) during quiet conditions (Kp < 4) and fixed solar radiation and lower atmospheric conditions representative of 16 March 2013. Ensemble simulations of the coupled Whole Atmosphere Model with Ionosphere Plasmasphere Electrodynamics (WAM-IPE) driven by synthetic solar wind drivers generated through a multi-channel variational autoencoder (MCVAE) model are obtained. Applying the polynomial chaos expansion (PCE) technique, it is possible to estimate the means and variances of the QoIs as well as the sensitivities of the QoIs with regard to the drivers. Our results highlight unique features of the IT system's uncertainty: (a) the uncertainty of the IT system is larger during nighttime; (b) the spatial distributions of the uncertainty for electron density and zonal drift at fixed local times present 4 peaks in the evening sector, which are associated with the low-density regions of longitude structure of electron density; (c) the uncertainty of the equatorial electron density is highly correlated with the uncertainty of the zonal drift, especially in the evening sector, while it is weakly correlated with the vertical drift. A variance-based global sensitivity analysis suggests that the IMF Bz plays a dominant role in the uncertainty of electron density. A further discussion shows that the uncertainty of the IT system is determined by the magnitudes and universal time variations of solar wind drivers. Its temporal and spatial distribution can be modulated by the average state of the IT system.","PeriodicalId":22181,"journal":{"name":"Space Weather","volume":"254 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139678547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improving Thermospheric Density Predictions in Low-Earth Orbit With Machine Learning 利用机器学习改进低地轨道热层密度预测

IF 3.7 2区地球科学

Space Weather Pub Date : 2024-02-03 DOI: 10.1029/2023sw003652

Giacomo Acciarini, Edward Brown, Tom Berger, Madhulika Guhathakurta, James Parr, Christopher Bridges, Atılım Güneş Baydin

{"title":"Improving Thermospheric Density Predictions in Low-Earth Orbit With Machine Learning","authors":"Giacomo Acciarini, Edward Brown, Tom Berger, Madhulika Guhathakurta, James Parr, Christopher Bridges, Atılım Güneş Baydin","doi":"10.1029/2023sw003652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023sw003652","url":null,"abstract":"Thermospheric density is one of the main sources of uncertainty in the estimation of satellites' position and velocity in low-Earth orbit. This has negative consequences in several space domains, including space traffic management, collision avoidance, re-entry predictions, orbital lifetime analysis, and space object cataloging. In this paper, we investigate the prediction accuracy of empirical density models (e.g., NRLMSISE-00 and JB-08) against black-box machine learning (ML) models trained on precise orbit determination-derived thermospheric density data (from CHAMP, GOCE, GRACE, SWARM-A/B satellites). We show that by using the same inputs, the ML models we designed are capable of consistently improving the predictions with respect to state-of-the-art empirical models by reducing the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) in the thermospheric density estimation from the range of 40%–60% to approximately 20%. As a result of this work, we introduce Karman: an open-source Python software package developed during this study. Karman provides functionalities to ingest and preprocess thermospheric density, solar irradiance, and geomagnetic input data for ML readiness. Additionally, it facilitates developing and training ML models on the aforementioned data and benchmarking their performance at different altitudes, geographic locations, times, and solar activity conditions. Through this contribution, we offer the scientific community a comprehensive tool for comparing and enhancing thermospheric density models using ML techniques.","PeriodicalId":22181,"journal":{"name":"Space Weather","volume":"30 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139678520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mapping Geoelectric Field Hazards in Ireland 爱尔兰地电场危险绘图

IF 3.7 2区地球科学

Space Weather Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1029/2023sw003638

John Malone-Leigh, Joan Campanyà, Peter T. Gallagher, Jim Hodgson, Colin Hogg

{"title":"Mapping Geoelectric Field Hazards in Ireland","authors":"John Malone-Leigh, Joan Campanyà, Peter T. Gallagher, Jim Hodgson, Colin Hogg","doi":"10.1029/2023sw003638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023sw003638","url":null,"abstract":"Geoelectric fields are generated at the Earth's surface and can lead to the induction of hazardous geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) in infrastructure like power grids, railways and pipelines during geomagnetic storms. Magnitude and orientation of the geoelectric fields, in relation to the infrastructure, are key features needed to determine the intensity of GIC. Here, we developed the first geoelectric hazard map for the island of Ireland, with the aim of providing detailed information that can help stakeholders mitigate the impact of GICs. The hazard map was developed by modeling and mapping the geoelectric field across Ireland for 28 years (1991–2018) using magnetic field data with magnetotelluric transfer functions. The approach for developing the hazard map calculates the probability of exceeding a hazardous geoelectric field threshold (500 mV/km) during large geomagnetic storms, taking directionality and amplitude into account. We found hazardous geoelectric fields to be mostly localized in areas in the west, south-west and northern coast. We observed that the geoelectric field have a stronger dominant orientation than the orientation of the geomagnetic field, often constraining the hazardous geoelectric field in particular directions only. We demonstrate a seasonal/diurnal effect is present in the geoelectric field time series. The impact of galvanic distortion was also assessed, and we demonstrate that there is a significant difference in terms of amplitude and direction between both models.","PeriodicalId":22181,"journal":{"name":"Space Weather","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139659281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Examination of Geomagnetic Induction in Submarine Cables 对海底电缆地磁感应的研究

IF 3.7 2区地球科学

Space Weather Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1029/2023sw003687

David H. Boteler, Shibaji Chakraborty, Xueling Shi, Michael D. Hartinger, Xuan Wang

{"title":"An Examination of Geomagnetic Induction in Submarine Cables","authors":"David H. Boteler, Shibaji Chakraborty, Xueling Shi, Michael D. Hartinger, Xuan Wang","doi":"10.1029/2023sw003687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023sw003687","url":null,"abstract":"Submarine cables have experienced problems during extreme geomagnetic disturbances because of geomagnetically induced voltages adding or subtracting from the power feed to the repeaters. This is still a concern for modern fiber-optic cables because they contain a copper conductor to carry power to the repeaters. This paper provides a new examination of geomagnetic induction in submarine cables and makes calculations of the voltages experienced by the TAT-8 trans-Atlantic submarine cable during the March 1989 magnetic storm. It is shown that the cable itself experiences an induced electromotive force (emf) and that induction in the ocean also leads to changes of potential of the land at each end of the cable. The process for calculating the electric fields induced in the sea and in the cable from knowledge of the seawater depth and conductivity and subsea conductivity is explained. The cable route is divided into 9 sections and the seafloor electric field is calculated for each section. These are combined to give the total induced emf in the cable. In addition, induction in the seawater and leakage of induced currents through the underlying resistive layers are modeled using a transmission line model of the ocean and underlying layers to determine the change in Earth potentials at the cable ends. The induced emf in the cable and the end potentials are then combined to give the total voltage change experienced by the cable power feed equipment. This gives results very close to those recorded on the TAT-8 cable in March 1989.","PeriodicalId":22181,"journal":{"name":"Space Weather","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139664839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Substorm-Dependent Negative Limit of Non-Eclipse Surface Charging of a Chinese Geosynchronous Satellite 中国地球同步卫星非日食表面电荷的次风暴负极限

IF 3.7 2区地球科学

Space Weather Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.1029/2023sw003780

Zhiyi Fu, Zhenpeng Su, Bin Miao, Zhiyong Wu, Yiren Li, Kai Liu, Xu Shan, Yuming Wang

引用次数: 0

Assessment of Space Weather Impacts on New Zealand Power Transformers Using Dissolved Gas Analysis 利用溶解气体分析评估空间天气对新西兰电力变压器的影响

IF 3.7 2区地球科学

Space Weather Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.1029/2023sw003607

S. Subritzky, A. C. Lapthorn, S. Hardie, D. Manus, C. Rodger, M. Dalzell

{"title":"Assessment of Space Weather Impacts on New Zealand Power Transformers Using Dissolved Gas Analysis","authors":"S. Subritzky, A. C. Lapthorn, S. Hardie, D. Manus, C. Rodger, M. Dalzell","doi":"10.1029/2023sw003607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023sw003607","url":null,"abstract":"Space weather can have major impacts on electrical infrastructure. Multiple instances of transformer damage have been attributed to geomagnetic storms in recent decades, for example, the Hydro Quebec incident of 1989 and the November 2001 storm in New Zealand. While many studies exist on the impacts of geomagnetic storms on power transformers in New Zealand, no studies exist that employ Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA) techniques to relate geomagnetic storms to transformer gassing. A relationship has been reported between geomagnetic activity and DGA for South Africa, while none was found in a recent study in Great Britain. This paper attempts to examine this research question by examining dissolved gas data across eight power transformers in different substations in New Zealand from 2016 to 2019. Case studies were conducted which analyzed the DGA readings of each transformer alongside horizontal magnetic field component rate of change measurements at Eyrewell across six geomagnetic storms. These case studies were then augmented with an analysis of the entire data set where magnetic field measurements were compared with individual gas rates to establish a correlation between gas production and geomagnetic activity. Analysis of the results of this study concluded that no link had been found between the production of combustible gasses in a transformer and geomagnetic activity during the observation period. However, we note our dissolved gas analysis was largely in a geomagnetically quieter period, which may limit our analysis. The production of combustible gasses is not correlated to geomagnetic storms for the time period and transformers analyzed.","PeriodicalId":22181,"journal":{"name":"Space Weather","volume":"254 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140482001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Daytime Variations of Thermospheric Temperature and Neutral Density Over Beijing During Minor Geomagnetic Storm on 3–4 February 2022 2022 年 2 月 3-4 日小地磁风暴期间北京上空热层温度和中性密度的昼间变化

IF 3.7 2区地球科学

Space Weather Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.1029/2023sw003677

Shaoyang Li, Zhipeng Ren, Tingting Yu, Guangming Chen, Guozhu Li, Biqiang Zhao, Xinan Yue, Yong Wei

{"title":"The Daytime Variations of Thermospheric Temperature and Neutral Density Over Beijing During Minor Geomagnetic Storm on 3–4 February 2022","authors":"Shaoyang Li, Zhipeng Ren, Tingting Yu, Guangming Chen, Guozhu Li, Biqiang Zhao, Xinan Yue, Yong Wei","doi":"10.1029/2023sw003677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023sw003677","url":null,"abstract":"On 3 February 2022, 38 satellites launched by SpaceX re-entered the atmosphere and were subsequently destroyed. An investigation found that a minor geomagnetic storm occurred on 3–4 February 2022 led to a neutral density enhancement and large atmospheric drag. To better understand the responses of the thermosphere to geomagnetic storms, the method proposed by Li et al. (2023, https://doi.org/10.1029/2022ja030988) was employed to extract exospheric temperature (Tex) from ionosonde electron density profiles (∼150–200 km) in Beijing (geolocation: 39.56°N; 116.2°E; geomagnetic location: 30.16°N; 172.08°W) station. The retrieved Tex was plugged into the NRLMSISE-00 model to calculate the corresponding neutral density. Derived results showed a ∼2%–7% enhancement in Tex and a ∼15%–38% enhancement in neutral density at 430 km. The relative deviation in neutral density on the satellites’ orbital trajectory ranges from ∼10% (210 km) to ∼35% (500 km) on 3 February, and from ∼13% (210 km) to ∼60% (500 km) on 4 February. Furthermore, the neutral density reproduced the variations observed by the SWARM-C satellite fairly well both on quiet and disturbed days. These results suggest that even a minor geomagnetic storm can cause significant changes in neutral temperature and neutral density at middle latitudes. Additionally, the application of our inversion method, combined with the global, long-term and real-time ionospheric observations from ionosondes, provides an opportunity to improve the capability of thermosphere forecasting and nowcasting.","PeriodicalId":22181,"journal":{"name":"Space Weather","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139659274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Forecasting of Global Ionosphere Maps With Multi-Day Lead Time Using Transformer-Based Neural Networks 利用基于变压器的神经网络预测多天前沿时间的全球电离层地图

IF 3.7 2区地球科学

Space Weather Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.1029/2023sw003579

Chung-Yu Shih, Cissi Ying-tsen Lin, Shu-Yu Lin, Cheng-Hung Yeh, Yu-Ming Huang, Feng-Nan Hwang, Chia-Hui Chang

{"title":"Forecasting of Global Ionosphere Maps With Multi-Day Lead Time Using Transformer-Based Neural Networks","authors":"Chung-Yu Shih, Cissi Ying-tsen Lin, Shu-Yu Lin, Cheng-Hung Yeh, Yu-Ming Huang, Feng-Nan Hwang, Chia-Hui Chang","doi":"10.1029/2023sw003579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023sw003579","url":null,"abstract":"Ionospheric total electron content (TEC) is a key indicator of the space environment. Geophysical forcing from above and below drives its spatial and temporal variations. A full understanding of physical and chemical principles, available and well-representable driving inputs, and capable computational power are required for physical models to reproduce simulations that agree with observations, which may be challenging at times. Recently, data-driven approaches, such as deep learning, have therefore surged as means for TEC prediction. Owing to the fact that the geophysical world possesses a sequential nature in time and space, Transformer architectures are proposed and evaluated for sequence-to-sequence TEC predictions in this study. We discuss the impacts of time lengths of choice during the training process and analyze what the neural network has learned regarding the data sets. Our results suggest that 12-layer, 128-hidden-unit Transformer architectures sufficiently provide multi-step global TEC predictions for 48 hr with an overall root-mean-square error (RMSE) of ∼1.8 TECU. The hourly variation of RMSE increases from 0.6 TECU to about 2.0 TECU during the prediction time frame.","PeriodicalId":22181,"journal":{"name":"Space Weather","volume":"278 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139659287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Can We Intercalibrate Satellite Measurements by Means of Data Assimilation? An Attempt on LEO Satellites 我们能否通过数据同化对卫星测量进行相互校准？低地轨道卫星上的尝试

IF 3.7 2区地球科学

Space Weather Pub Date : 2024-01-24 DOI: 10.1029/2023sw003624

Angélica M. Castillo, Yuri Y. Shprits, Nikita A. Aseev, Artem Smirnov, Alexander Drozdov, Sebastian Cervantes, Ingo Michaelis, Marina García Peñaranda, Dedong Wang

{"title":"Can We Intercalibrate Satellite Measurements by Means of Data Assimilation? An Attempt on LEO Satellites","authors":"Angélica M. Castillo, Yuri Y. Shprits, Nikita A. Aseev, Artem Smirnov, Alexander Drozdov, Sebastian Cervantes, Ingo Michaelis, Marina García Peñaranda, Dedong Wang","doi":"10.1029/2023sw003624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023sw003624","url":null,"abstract":"Low Earth Orbit satellites offer extensive data of the radiation belt region, but utilizing these observations is challenging due to potential contamination and difficulty of intercalibration with spacecraft measurements at Highly Elliptic Orbit that can observe all equatorial pitch-angles. This study introduces a new intercalibration method for satellite measurements of energetic electrons in the radiation belts using a Data assimilation (DA) approach. We demonstrate our technique by intercalibrating the electron flux measurements of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellites (POES) NOAA-15,-16,-17,-18,-19, and MetOp-02 against Van Allen Probes observations from October 2012 to September 2013. We use a reanalysis of the radiation belts obtained by assimilating Van Allen Probes and Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites observations into 3-D Versatile Electron Radiation Belt (VERB-3D) code simulations via a standard Kalman filter. We compare the reanalysis to the POES data set and estimate the flux ratios at each time, location, and energy. From these ratios, we derive energy and <i>L</i>* dependent recalibration coefficients. To validate our results, we analyze on-orbit conjunctions between POES and Van Allen Probes. The conjunction recalibration coefficients and the data-assimilative estimated coefficients show strong agreement, indicating that the differences between POES and Van Allen Probes observations remain within a factor of two. Additionally, the use of DA allows for improved statistics, as the possible comparisons are increased 10-fold. Data-assimilative intercalibration of satellite observations is an efficient approach that enables intercalibration of large data sets using short periods of data.","PeriodicalId":22181,"journal":{"name":"Space Weather","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139560049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Statistical Characteristics of Total Electron Content Intensifications on Global Ionospheric Maps 全球电离层地图上总电子含量强化的统计特征

IF 3.7 2区地球科学

Space Weather Pub Date : 2024-01-24 DOI: 10.1029/2023sw003695

X. Meng, O. P. Verkhoglyadova, S. C. Chapman, N. W. Watkins, M. Cafolla

{"title":"Statistical Characteristics of Total Electron Content Intensifications on Global Ionospheric Maps","authors":"X. Meng, O. P. Verkhoglyadova, S. C. Chapman, N. W. Watkins, M. Cafolla","doi":"10.1029/2023sw003695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023sw003695","url":null,"abstract":"Global ionospheric total electron content (TEC) maps exhibit TEC intensifications and depletions of various sizes and shapes. Characterizing key features on TEC maps and understanding their dynamic coupling with external drivers can significantly benefit space weather forecasting. However, comprehensive analysis of ionospheric structuring over decades of TEC maps is currently lacking due to large data volume. We develop feature extraction software based on image processing techniques to extract TEC intensification regions, that is, contiguous regions with sufficiently elevated TEC values than surrounding areas, from global TEC maps. Applying the software to the Jet Propulsion Laboratory Global Ionospheric Map data, we generate a TEC intensification data set for years 2003–2022 and carry out a statistical study on the number and strength of TEC intensifications. We find that the majority of the TEC maps (about 86%) are characterized with one or two intensification(s), while the rest of the TEC maps have three or more intensifications. Both the number and strength of TEC intensifications exhibit semi-annual variation that peaks near equinoxes and dips near solstices, as well as an annual asymmetry with larger values around December solstice compared to June solstice. The number and strength of intensifications increase with enhanced solar extreme-violet irradiance. The strength of intensifications also increases with elevated geomagnetic activity, but the number of intensifications does not. In addition, the number of intensifications is not correlated with the strength of intensifications.","PeriodicalId":22181,"journal":{"name":"Space Weather","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139552962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0