Space Weather最新文献

The Impact of the 2024 Mother's Day Storm on Aircraft Surveillance Across Europe 2024年母亲节风暴对整个欧洲飞机监视的影响

2区地球科学

Space Weather Pub Date : 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1029/2025sw004718

Erik Schmölter, Jens Berdermann

{"title":"The Impact of the 2024 Mother's Day Storm on Aircraft Surveillance Across Europe","authors":"Erik Schmölter, Jens Berdermann","doi":"10.1029/2025sw004718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025sw004718","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Mother's day storm from 10–13 May 2024 is one of the most extreme space weather events recorded in recent decades and triggered a strong ionospheric response with various impacts on communication and navigation systems. In this study the impact on the aviation sector, and more specifically air traffic management, is investigated with Automatic Dependent Surveillance‐Broadcast (ADS‐B) data from the OpenSky network. For that purpose, the event is presented with solar radiation and wind observations to describe the space weather conditions. Further, the spatial and temporal variations of the ionospheric response over Europe are analyzed with total electron content (TEC) maps and the performance of positioning via Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) is examined with 100 reference stations. These analyses show well‐known space weather impacts including TEC perturbations, sudden ionospheric disturbances, signal‐loss and degraded GNSS performance. Consequently, these effects are also expected for the GNSS positions transmitted via ADS‐B, and the analysis confirms that a higher frequency of such anomalies occurs along flight tracks during the event (increase of up to 2.55%). These anomalies may manifest as data gaps or as position errors of various types, which in turn could decrease the visibility and awareness of participants in shared air spaces. The correlation between space weather and anomalies in ADS‐B, as also shown in preceding studies, is thus further substantiated and motivates for follow‐up research that combines application‐specific data like ADS‐B with commonly used ionospheric observations.","PeriodicalId":22181,"journal":{"name":"Space Weather","volume":"23 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1029/2025SW004718","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147900590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Impacts of the May 2024 Extreme Geomagnetic Storm on Global High‐Accuracy GPS Positioning Solutions 2024年5月极端地磁风暴对全球高精度GPS定位方案的影响

2区地球科学

Space Weather Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1029/2025sw004547

Zhe Yang, Y. Jade Morton

{"title":"Impacts of the May 2024 Extreme Geomagnetic Storm on Global High‐Accuracy GPS Positioning Solutions","authors":"Zhe Yang, Y. Jade Morton","doi":"10.1029/2025sw004547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025sw004547","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The May 2024 geomagnetic storm has been recognized as the most severe one in the past two decades and was categorized as an “extreme” (G5) event according to the NOAA space weather scales. This study applies Precise Point Positioning (PPP) software PRIDE PPP‐AR to over 5,800 worldwide GNSS receiver data to highlight the vulnerability of high‐accuracy Global Positioning System (GPS) applications to the hazards posed by ionospheric responses during this unprecedented storm. The observations from these worldwide receivers reveal a strong correlation between ionospheric disturbances, GPS PPP solution inaccuracies, and position outages with SYM‐H index variations. While the overall receiver network is unevenly distributed, significant hemispheric asymmetries in ionospheric response and their impacts on PPP were observed during different phases of the storm. The receivers located in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) experienced PPP outages extending to magnetic latitudes as low as 49°N and lasting ∼15 hr, while the impact on those in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) reached ∼48°S and persisted for ∼20 hr. The North American sector in the NH experienced more severe PPP outages due to combined effects from northward expansion of the equatorial ionization anomaly, post‐sunset instabilities, storm enhanced density, traveling ionospheric disturbances, and equatorward expansion of auroral activities, particularly during the second and third main phases. The Australian sector in the SH also experienced prevalent PPP outages in association with pronounced ionospheric disturbances. The study attributes the pronounced PPP outages to GPS carrier phase cycle slips detected in the PRIDE PPP‐AR processed output. Future research should develop a robust mathematical model and quality control scheme for high‐precision positioning, accounting for diverse ionospheric variations during geomagnetic storms.","PeriodicalId":22181,"journal":{"name":"Space Weather","volume":"23 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1029/2025SW004547","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147909176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

First Detection of Field‐Aligned Currents Using Engineering Magnetometers From the OneWeb Mega‐Constellation 首次使用来自OneWeb Mega - Constellation的工程磁力计检测场对准电流

2区地球科学

Space Weather Pub Date : 2025-09-29 DOI: 10.1029/2025sw004573

Martin Archer, V. Evans, J. P. Eastwood, Louis‐Ashley Camus, Cara L. Waters, Patrick Brown, Fabien Armogathe

{"title":"First Detection of Field‐Aligned Currents Using Engineering Magnetometers From the OneWeb Mega‐Constellation","authors":"Martin Archer, V. Evans, J. P. Eastwood, Louis‐Ashley Camus, Cara L. Waters, Patrick Brown, Fabien Armogathe","doi":"10.1029/2025sw004573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025sw004573","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Field‐aligned currents (FACs) are the main physical mechanism behind magnetosphere–ionosphere coupling, with these currents communicating environmental changes between the two regions of geospace. Field‐aligned currents are thus a key factor in monitoring space weather, both from an operational and scientific perspective. While the AMPERE project has demonstrated that engineering fluxgate magnetometers on commercial satellite constellations can be assimilated to estimate the FACs across the entire polar cap, a limiting factor in the spatio‐temporal resolution of this assimilation is the coverage of measurement points. However, in recent years much larger satellite mega‐constellations have been launched into low Earth orbit (LEO) which might offer unprecedented opportunities. Here we leverage engineering anisotropic magnetoresistive magnetometer data from the OneWeb constellation for the first time. A case study during the 12 May 2021 geomagnetic storm is presented. We show conclusive evidence that OneWeb engineering magnetometers were able to detect FAC signatures present during this event by validating against AMPERE magnetic field and current maps from the same time. However, this result was despite significant challenges due to the OneWeb spacecraft instrumentation, data availability, and magnetic cleanliness, which we discuss in detail. Finally, we provide an outlook on the next steps required for OneWeb magnetic field data to provide valuable contributions to space weather science and operations.","PeriodicalId":22181,"journal":{"name":"Space Weather","volume":"23 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147913554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of the Consecutive X‐Ray Flares Effects on the Lower Ionosphere 连续X射线耀斑对下电离层的影响分析

2区地球科学

Space Weather Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1029/2025sw004471

S.X. Wang, Yuan Gang, Lin Quan, Dianwei Cong, Kunpeng Wang, Shuting Yang

{"title":"Analysis of the Consecutive X‐Ray Flares Effects on the Lower Ionosphere","authors":"S.X. Wang, Yuan Gang, Lin Quan, Dianwei Cong, Kunpeng Wang, Shuting Yang","doi":"10.1029/2025sw004471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025sw004471","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract X‐ray is a critical factor in generating electrons in the lower ionosphere, however, the cumulative effects of consecutive X‐ray flares on the lower ionosphere remain understudied due to the scarcity of historical events. From May 8 to 15, 2024, intense solar eruptions occurred, featuring multiple consecutive X‐ray flares. By leveraging data from space‐based satellites and ground‐based ionosondes during these consecutive X‐ray flare events, we investigate the correlations between extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation, soft X‐rays, hard X‐rays, solar energetic proton fluxes and ionospheric parameters (minimum reflection frequency and E‐layer critical frequency). And then we analyze the physical mechanisms governing the lower ionosphere's response to consecutive X‐ray flares. The key findings include: Consecutive X‐ray flares consistently induced significant responses in the dayside lower ionosphere; When two consecutive X‐ray flares occur very close together, then the previous X‐ray ionization will reduce the effect of the subsequent X‐ray flare on the ionospheric electron density increase; High‐energy protons can directly penetrating Earth's magnetic field to trigger intense ionospheric responses; X‐ray flare effects on the lower ionosphere typically lasted about 1 hr, however, when accompanied by solar proton events, subsequent high‐energy protons could compound with later X‐ray flares to produce cumulative effects.","PeriodicalId":22181,"journal":{"name":"Space Weather","volume":"23 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1029/2025SW004471","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147883974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Geomagnetically Induced Currents, Transformer Harmonics, and Reactive Power Impacts of the Gannon Storm in May 2024 2024年5月炮风暴对地磁感应电流、变压器谐波和无功功率的影响

2区地球科学

Space Weather Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1029/2024sw004235

Mark A. Clilverd, Craig J. Rodger, Daniel H. Mac Manus, J. B. Brundell, Michael D Dalzell, Andrew Renton, V. L. Lo, Andrew Lapthorn, A. W. Smith, John Malone‐Leigh, Feng Xu, Tanja Petersen

{"title":"Geomagnetically Induced Currents, Transformer Harmonics, and Reactive Power Impacts of the Gannon Storm in May 2024","authors":"Mark A. Clilverd, Craig J. Rodger, Daniel H. Mac Manus, J. B. Brundell, Michael D Dalzell, Andrew Renton, V. L. Lo, Andrew Lapthorn, A. W. Smith, John Malone‐Leigh, Feng Xu, Tanja Petersen","doi":"10.1029/2024sw004235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024sw004235","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Geomagnetically induced current (GIC) measurements made at two 3 phase, 3 limb transformers, operating in the Halfway Bush substation in Dunedin, New Zealand have been analyzed during the May 2024 Gannon Storm. GIC measurements were combined with very low frequency radio wave AC harmonic measurements made nearby, and reactive power measurements made at key points in the substation. This study focuses on the 11 May, 00–14 UT period when geomagnetic activity was high and the 220 kV transformers, T6 and T3, experienced multiple short periods where GIC > 50 A in each transformer, maximizing at 113 A. During high GIC periods linear enhancements of even order AC harmonic intensity were identified, particularly for the 2nd and 4th harmonics, consistent with asymmetric half‐cycle transformer core saturation. Reactive power consumption (Q con , MVAr) increased linearly when GIC levels were >30 A, consistent with the enhancement of even order AC harmonics due to transformer core saturation >30 A DC. Transformer T6 exhibited a reactive power response of 0.038 MVAr/A, while for T3 it was 0.026 MVAr/A. Simple extrapolation of these findings to extreme storm modeling of the New Zealand high voltage grid suggests that an additional ∼200–350 MVAr of generation would be required to compensate for peak increased reactive power consumption at 19 of the most affected sites during a Carrington‐level event. Such additional power requirements are likely to be within the capabilities of the power generation network.","PeriodicalId":22181,"journal":{"name":"Space Weather","volume":"23 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1029/2024SW004235","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147917892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

The Magnetosphere‐Ionosphere‐Ground Responses to the May 2024 Super Solar Storm 磁层-电离层-地面对2024年5月超级太阳风暴的响应

2区地球科学

Space Weather Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1029/2024sw004197

Zhenxia Zhang, Fang Zhang, Lu Wang, Xinqiao Li, Zeren Zhima, Yongfu Wang, Yanyan Yang, Dehe Yang, Shujie Li, Wei Chu, N. Zhou, Dedong Wang, Dali Zhang, R. Battiston, R. Iuppa, Xuhui Shen

{"title":"The Magnetosphere‐Ionosphere‐Ground Responses to the May 2024 Super Solar Storm","authors":"Zhenxia Zhang, Fang Zhang, Lu Wang, Xinqiao Li, Zeren Zhima, Yongfu Wang, Yanyan Yang, Dehe Yang, Shujie Li, Wei Chu, N. Zhou, Dedong Wang, Dali Zhang, R. Battiston, R. Iuppa, Xuhui Shen","doi":"10.1029/2024sw004197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024sw004197","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Earth suffered the attack of the strongest geomagnetic storm in the last 20 years (Kp = 9, Dst −400 nT) occurred on 11 May 2024. Taking advantage of the LEO multi‐parameter CSES satellite (launched in 2018) with a large inclination angle , with the joint observations of NOAA and GOES, we present a comprehensive near‐earth space responses on this super geomagnetic storm and report the precise high energy particle flux enhancements, electric and magnetic field disturbances and plasma density changes. A new proton belt with fluxes exceeding with energy 2.5–14 MeV at L = 1.5 ∼ 2 was formed, which was likely caused by the inward proton penetration from solar proton events(SPEs) and possible energization under the condition of compressed magnetopause in the southward interplanetary magnetic field of subsequent storm sudden commencement(SSC). During this super storm, many kinds of excited electromagnetic (EM) waves, such as ULF waves at several Hz, left‐hand polarized quasi‐periodic waves and magnetosonic waves, were observed in the ionosphere. Simultaneously, the electron and ion density, temperature and the total electron content (TEC) show significantly complicated changes after the storm occurrence. We also investigated the ground influence in western region of China and an obvious Forbush decrease of muon detection by 5 was caused by the storm effect.","PeriodicalId":22181,"journal":{"name":"Space Weather","volume":"23 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1029/2024SW004197","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147920532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Quantification of Representation Error in the Neutral Winds and Ion Drifts Using Data Assimilation 利用数据同化量化中性风和离子漂移的表征误差

IF 3.7 2区地球科学

Space Weather Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1029/2023sw003609

Jiahui Hu, Aurora López Rubio, A. Chartier, S. McDonald, S. Datta‐Barua

{"title":"Quantification of Representation Error in the Neutral Winds and Ion Drifts Using Data Assimilation","authors":"Jiahui Hu, Aurora López Rubio, A. Chartier, S. McDonald, S. Datta‐Barua","doi":"10.1029/2023sw003609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023sw003609","url":null,"abstract":"In this work we quantify the representation error of the algorithm Estimating Model Parameters from Ionospheric Reverse Engineering (EMPIRE), which estimates global neutral winds and ion drifts given time‐varying plasma densities. SAMI3 (Sami3 is A Model of the Ionosphere) serves as the background climate model and pseudo‐measurements for the EMPIRE observation system. This configuration allows the data assimilation inputs to be self‐consistent between each other and with the validation data. The estimated neutral winds and ion drifts are compared to the Horizontal Wind Model (HWM14) and SAMI3 “truth.” For both the quiet period on 25 August 2018 and subs7equent storm on 26 August, the EMPIRE estimation of ion drifts is better at low‐to‐mid geomagnetic latitudes with mean error up to 20 m/s. For the high latitudes (poleward of ±60° magnetic), the mean errors exceed 50 m/s with variances up to 200 m/s, and the relative errors are higher than the “truth.” At latitudes of ±87°, the large errors are attributed to a boundary effect. However, the neutral wind mean errors peak at 20 m/s at mid‐latitudes (40°–60° magnetic), with larger uncertainties, then converge to 0 approaching higher latitudes. By conducting this study, we define a method for obtaining the representation error covariance for future use of EMPIRE with SAMI3 as background.","PeriodicalId":22181,"journal":{"name":"Space Weather","volume":"43 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141045114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Novel Ionospheric Inversion Model: PINN-SAMI3 (Physics Informed Neural Network Based on SAMI3) 新型电离层反演模型：PINN-SAMI3（基于 SAMI3 的物理信息神经网络）

IF 3.7 2区地球科学

Space Weather Pub Date : 2024-04-14 DOI: 10.1029/2023sw003823

Jiayu Ma, Haiyang Fu, J. D. Huba, Yaqiu Jin

{"title":"A Novel Ionospheric Inversion Model: PINN-SAMI3 (Physics Informed Neural Network Based on SAMI3)","authors":"Jiayu Ma, Haiyang Fu, J. D. Huba, Yaqiu Jin","doi":"10.1029/2023sw003823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023sw003823","url":null,"abstract":"Purely data-driven ionospheric modeling fails to adequately obey fundamental physical laws. To overcome this shortcoming, we propose a novel ionospheric inversion model, Physics-Informed Neural Network based on fully physical models SAMI3 (PINN-SAMI3). The model incorporates the governing equations of the ionospheric physical model SAMI3 into the neural network to reconstruct the temporal-spatial distribution of ionospheric plasma parameters. The objective of this study is to investigate the feasibility of integrating physical models with machine learning for ionospheric modeling. The PINN-SAMI3 framework enforces physical laws through the multiple ion species of continuity, momentum, temperature equations in the magnetic dipole coordinate system. The simulation results show that if sparse ion densities are used as training data, it is possible to retrieve ionospheric electron densities, ion velocities and ion temperatures, respectively. The optimal physical constraints have been also investigated for different inversion quantities. Furthermore, the impact of incorporating E × B velocity terms on inversion results during the periods of ionospheric calm and geomagnetic storm is analyzed. The PINN-SAMI3 achieves good inversion results even using sparse data in comparison to the traditional artificial neural networks (ANN). The framework will contribute to advance the future space weather prediction capability with artificial intelligence (AI).","PeriodicalId":22181,"journal":{"name":"Space Weather","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140572525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nowcasting Solar EUV Irradiance With Photospheric Magnetic Fields and the Mg II Index 利用光球磁场和 Mg II 指数预报太阳极紫外辐照度

IF 3.7 2区地球科学

Space Weather Pub Date : 2024-04-13 DOI: 10.1029/2023sw003772

Kara L. Kniezewski, Samuel J. Schonfeld, Carl J. Henney

{"title":"Nowcasting Solar EUV Irradiance With Photospheric Magnetic Fields and the Mg II Index","authors":"Kara L. Kniezewski, Samuel J. Schonfeld, Carl J. Henney","doi":"10.1029/2023sw003772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023sw003772","url":null,"abstract":"A new method to nowcast spectral irradiance in extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and far ultraviolet (FUV) bands is presented here, utilizing only solar photospheric magnetograms and the Mg II index (i.e., the core-to-wing ratio). The EUV and FUV modeling outlined here is a direct extension of the SIFT (Solar Indices Forecasting Tool) model, based on Henney et al. (2015, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014sw001118). SIFT estimates solar activity indices using the earth-side solar photospheric magnetic field sums from global magnetic maps generated by the ADAPT (Air Force Data Assimilative Photospheric Flux Transport) model. Utilizing strong and weak magnetic field sums from ADAPT maps, Henney et al. (2015, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014sw001118) showed that EUV & FUV observations can also be well modeled using this technique. However, the original forecasting method required a recent observation of each SIFT model output to determine and apply a 0-day offset. The new method described here expands the SIFT and ADAPT modeling to nowcast the observed Mg II index with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.982. By correlating the Mg II model-observation difference with the model-observation difference in the EUV & FUV channels, Mg II can be used to apply the 0-day offset correction yielding improvements in modeling each of the 37 studied EUV & FUV bands. With daily global photospheric magnetic maps and Mg II index observations, this study provides an improved method of nowcasting EUV & FUV bands used to drive thermospheric and ionospheric modeling.","PeriodicalId":22181,"journal":{"name":"Space Weather","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140572630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of Forbush Decreases on the Global Electric Circuit 福布什下降对全球电路的影响

IF 3.7 2区地球科学

Space Weather Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.1029/2023sw003852

J. Tacza, G. Li, J.-P. Raulin

{"title":"Effects of Forbush Decreases on the Global Electric Circuit","authors":"J. Tacza, G. Li, J.-P. Raulin","doi":"10.1029/2023sw003852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023sw003852","url":null,"abstract":"The suppression of high-energy cosmic rays, known as Forbush decreases (FDs), represents a promising factor in influencing the global electric circuit (GEC) system. Researchers have delved into these effects by examining variations, often disruptive, of the potential gradient (PG) in ground-based measurements taken in fair weather regions. In this paper, we aim to investigate deviations observed in the diurnal curve of the PG, as compared to the mean values derived from fair weather conditions, during both mild and strong Forbush decreases. Unlike the traditional classification of FDs, which are based on ground level neutron monitor data, we classify FDs using measurements of the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS-02) on the International Space Station. To conduct our analysis, we employ the superposed epoch method, focusing on PGs collected between January 2010 and December 2019 at a specific station situated at a low latitude and high altitude: the Complejo Astronómico El Leoncito (CASLEO) in Argentina (31.78°S, 2,550 m above sea level). Our findings reveal that for events associated with FDs having flux amplitude (A) decrease ≤10%, no significant change in the PG is observed. However, for FDs with A > 10%, a clear increase in the PG is seen. For these A > 10% events, we also find a good correlation between the variation of Dst and Kp indices and the variation of PG.","PeriodicalId":22181,"journal":{"name":"Space Weather","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140592164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0