Avijit Biswal , Pankaj Kumar Parhi , Arpeeta Hota , Prasanna K. Panda , B.C. Tripathy
{"title":"Electrochemical strategy for scalable synthesis of MgO nanostructures for efficient removal of Malachite green","authors":"Avijit Biswal , Pankaj Kumar Parhi , Arpeeta Hota , Prasanna K. Panda , B.C. Tripathy","doi":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.107720","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.107720","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Present investigation demonstrates a simple and scalable electrochemical approach for synthesis of magnesium oxide (MO) nanoparticles, followed by their adoption on removal study of Malachite Green dye from aqueous solution. Magnesium hydroxide was electrochemically precipitated in a magnesium nitrate bath at a pH of 4.0, with a current density of 200 A m<sup>-</sup>². The resulting precipitated product was calcined for 2 hrs. at 500 °C to yield MgO nanoparticles (MO NPs). The MO NPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies, RAMAN analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis, which confirmed the formation of pure-phase MgO nanoparticles with a flower-petal-like nanostructure. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) analysis revealed the formation of hierarchical nanostructures with an average particle diameter of ≤ 50 nm. The mesoporous structure of MgO was well ascertained by nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms and was supported by pore size distribution analysis. A maximum adsorption capacity of 2000 mg g<sup>-1</sup> was achieved under suitable conditions: 0.004 g of MgO in 20 mL of a 100 mg dm<sup>-3</sup> Malachite green dye solution with a contact time of 45 min. Adsorption isotherm analysis revealed that the data fit both the Langmuir and Freundlich models; however, the Langmuir model exhibited better correlation, suggesting monolayer adsorption. Kinetic studies indicated that the adsorption followed a pseudo-second-order model, with intraparticle diffusion also playing a significant role in the overall adsorption mechanism. This study highlights an efficient and environmentally friendly method for synthesizing MgO-based adsorbents, offering strong potential for scalable industrial applications in water purification and dye removal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22081,"journal":{"name":"Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 107720"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chou-Yi Hsu , Ammar Yasir Ahmed , Ahmed Mohammed Ahmed , Mohammed Asiri , K S Kiran , Aman Shankhyan , Subhashree Ray , Atreyi Pramanik , Nezamaddin Mengelizadeh , Davoud Balarak
{"title":"Optimizing the adsorption of ciprofloxacin using an eco-friendly chitosan/ polyacrylamide/ zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 nanocomposite: A study employing experimental design methodology","authors":"Chou-Yi Hsu , Ammar Yasir Ahmed , Ahmed Mohammed Ahmed , Mohammed Asiri , K S Kiran , Aman Shankhyan , Subhashree Ray , Atreyi Pramanik , Nezamaddin Mengelizadeh , Davoud Balarak","doi":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.107718","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.107718","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this research, the Ciprofloxacin (CIP) adsorption process using chitosan/polyacrylamide/zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (CPZ) was thoroughly investigated. The adsorbent underwent characterization through various techniques, e.g., SEM, FTIR, XRD, and BET/BJH analyses. The impact of parameters on the CIP adsorption, with statistical significance at p < 0.05, was systematically explored using the BBD matrix, encompassing CIP concentration, pH, CPZ mass, temperature, and contact time as variables. Considering ANOVA, it was determined that adsorbent mass and contact time were the most influential parameters affecting the CIP ion adsorption capacity. Conducting 46 experiments based on the BBD and subsequent ANOVA yielded an empirical formula to estimate the anticipated response. Calculation of optimum conditions was facilitated through the establishment of a quadratic correlation, revealing a high agreement between the R<sup>2</sup> value (0.989) and adjusted R<sup>2</sup> (0.984). The numerical optimization suggested optimal process conditions at CIP concentration of 55 mg/L, an adsorbent mass of 0.72 g/L, pH of 5.8, and a temperature of 47°C, achieving a maximum adsorption efficiency of 98.4% in 88 min. The model, supported by an F value of 345.2, exhibited robust predictive capability, offering valuable insights for process scale-up. Findings from equilibrium experiments suggested that the PSO kinetics and Langmuir isotherm displayed the highest conformity, supported by a lower error coefficient and significant regression coefficient. Additionally, the thermodynamic parameters pointed towards the spontaneous and endothermic nature of the experimental process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22081,"journal":{"name":"Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 107718"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maria de Fátima Dantas e Silva , Tiago Roberto Costa , Gineide Conceição dos Anjos , Rodolfo Luiz Bezerra de Araújo Medeiros , Rebecca Araújo Barros do Nascimento , Renata Martins Braga , Dulce Maria de Araújo Melo
{"title":"Sustainable ceramic coatings from Fe or Cr-impregnated oil shale ash: Microstructural, optical, and functional properties","authors":"Maria de Fátima Dantas e Silva , Tiago Roberto Costa , Gineide Conceição dos Anjos , Rodolfo Luiz Bezerra de Araújo Medeiros , Rebecca Araújo Barros do Nascimento , Renata Martins Braga , Dulce Maria de Araújo Melo","doi":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.107722","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.107722","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing accumulation of industrial solid waste poses serious environmental and economic challenges, demanding sustainable strategies for its reuse. In this study, retorted oil shale (RS), in its pure form and impregnated with Fe or Cr, was valorized as a precursor for sustainable ceramic surface coatings. The pigments were synthesized via a wet impregnation method and thoroughly characterized by TG, XRF, XRD, SEM-EDS, FTIR, UV–Vis spectroscopy, and colorimetric analysis. The materials exhibited excellent thermal stability, high luminosity, and tunable chromatic properties (ranging from light brown to red and gray), modulated by the metal species and calcination temperature. When incorporated into ceramic glazes and fired at 1100 °C, the pigments maintained their structural integrity and optical performance, demonstrating strong interfacial compatibility with the coating matrix. This technically simple and cost-effective approach supports circular economy principles by converting oil shale waste into high-value, functional coating materials. Overall, this study provides fundamental insights into the microstructural and optical behavior of RS-derived coatings, contributing to the advancement of sustainable ceramic surface technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22081,"journal":{"name":"Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107722"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145223522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yu Zhou , Kaiwen Tian , Songyue Chai , Shaochun Li , Yongjuan Geng , Pan Wang , Zuquan Jin , Liangmin Yu
{"title":"Corrosion resistance of carbon steel enhanced by acrylate copolymers with temperature-responsive fast self-healing properties: Experimental study and molecular dynamics simulation","authors":"Yu Zhou , Kaiwen Tian , Songyue Chai , Shaochun Li , Yongjuan Geng , Pan Wang , Zuquan Jin , Liangmin Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.107721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.107721","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The preparation of self-healing anticorrosive coatings has garnered significant attention due to their ability to extend the service life of carbon steel and mitigate corrosion. In this paper, acrylate monomers were used to prepare acrylate copolymers through free radical polymerization. These copolymers demonstrate excellent sealing, adhesion (9.2 MPa), and hydrophobic properties(contact angle of 111.2°). The incorporation of functional monomers leads to the formation of multiple hydrogen-bond networks, giving the coatings excellent self-healing capabilities. Microscale molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the number of hydrogen bonds in different copolymers affects their self-healing speed, with the healing rate increasing as the environmental temperature rises. After immersion in a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution for 504 h, the low-frequency impedance reached 2.04 × 10⁷ Ω·cm², which is four orders of magnitude higher than that of the control group. This polymer material is designed to create smart self-healing anticorrosive coatings with enhanced adhesion and hydrophobicity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22081,"journal":{"name":"Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 107721"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhanced redox sensing unraveling the electrochemical potential of CdO@g-C3N4 composite on carbon paper for 4-nitrophenol detection","authors":"Sivalingam Gopi, Kyusik Yun","doi":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.107724","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.107724","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel CdO@g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> nanocomposite was synthesized via a simple wet-chemical approach and thoroughly investigated for its structural and electrochemical properties. Morphological analysis using FE-SEM and TEM confirmed the uniform dispersion of CdO nanoparticles on g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> nanosheets, forming a well-integrated heterostructure. Elemental mapping and EDX analysis revealed a homogeneous distribution of Cd, O, C, and N, indicating strong interfacial interaction. XRD and XPS studies confirmed the crystallinity and chemical stability of the composite with no detectable impurities. Electrochemical characterization using CV and EIS revealed significantly enhanced electron transfer kinetics, with a reduced charge transfer resistance (Rct) of ∼40 Ω, much lower than that of pristine CdO (188 Ω) and g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> (127 Ω). The composite exhibited well-defined redox peaks, demonstrating reversible electron transfer and strong electrocatalytic activity toward 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), a persistent environmental pollutant. The sensor showed a wide linear range (0.1–100 µM), high correlation coefficient (R² = 0.9992), and a low detection limit of 2.30 µM. The electrode also demonstrated excellent selectivity, effectively distinguishing 4-NP from its isomers and resisting interference from common ions and organic compounds. Long-term stability tests showed over 96 % signal retention after 60 cycles and consistent performance over six days. Real-sample analysis in tap water, river water, and drinking water yielded recovery rates between 98.8 % and 99.4%, confirming its practical utility. These results highlight the CdO@g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> composite as a promising electrochemical sensor, with enhanced sensitivity, selectivity, and stability, making it a strong candidate for environmental monitoring applications targeting hazardous phenolic pollutants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22081,"journal":{"name":"Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 107724"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zoltán Osváth, András Pálinkás, György Molnár, Péter Kun, Antal A. Koós
{"title":"Strain-induced modulation of the local conductance in MoS2 layers on gold nanoparticles","authors":"Zoltán Osváth, András Pálinkás, György Molnár, Péter Kun, Antal A. Koós","doi":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.107725","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.107725","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Strained mono- and multilayer MoS₂ structures were synthesized via exfoliation onto thin gold films followed by annealing at 400 °C. Annealing transformed the gold film into nanoparticles, leading to suspended MoS₂ regions. Raman spectroscopy revealed enhanced local strain in suspended monolayer regions compared to those supported by the SiO₂ substrate. Tunneling atomic force microscopy (TUNA) measurements showed that the conductance in monolayers is modulated by both strain and charge transfer from gold nanoparticles. In contrast, the conductance of multilayer MoS₂ showed variations primarily reflecting the effects of strain, indicating local strain-induced narrowing of the bandgap.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22081,"journal":{"name":"Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 107725"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luhai Liao , Shengjie Zhou , Yifan Cheng , Fengguang Li , Shang Dai , Muhammad Abubaker Khan , He Zhang
{"title":"Microstructure characteristics and high-temperature properties of AlCoCrFeNi high entropy alloy coating on TC4 alloy prepared by laser cladding","authors":"Luhai Liao , Shengjie Zhou , Yifan Cheng , Fengguang Li , Shang Dai , Muhammad Abubaker Khan , He Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.107717","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.107717","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This investigation utilized laser cladding to fabricate an AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) coating on Ti-6Al-4V alloy substrates, examining its oxidation and wear resistance at elevated temperatures. The coating exhibited a gradient microstructure comprising planar, columnar, and equiaxed grains, predominantly consisting of BCC1 (AlNi2Ti-type) and BCC2 (Fe-Cr-type) phases, with a minor fraction of FCC phases. The equiaxed regions featured a nanostructured eutectic composition and element segregation, with a hardness ranging from 650 to 740 HV0.5, significantly surpassing that of the TC4 substrate. At 600 °C, the coating demonstrated remarkable wear resistance, with a friction coefficient of 0.32 and wear volume loss amounting to only one-sixth that of TC4. The study further elucidated that the oxidation behavior of the coating varied between 600 °C and 800 °C: although both temperatures maintained a parabolic oxidation kinetics, forming a dense Cr2O3/Al2O3 oxide layer, the sequence of oxide formation reversed with temperature, with Cr/Fe oxides initiating at the eutectic regions at 600 °C, and Al/Cr oxides forming preferentially on the cellular grains at 800 °C, driven by thermodynamic and kinetic competition. These findings underscore the exceptional stability of HEA coatings in high-temperature environments, offering critical insights for designing coatings resilient to high-temperature oxidation</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22081,"journal":{"name":"Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 107717"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yufan Lan , Jian Luo , Miao Zheng , Xin Zhang , Xiao Luo
{"title":"Full-spectrum efficient photocatalytic pollutant degradation via Cu-N bridged S-type heterojunctions interface and LME effect by single-Fe-atoms","authors":"Yufan Lan , Jian Luo , Miao Zheng , Xin Zhang , Xiao Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.107713","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.107713","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Effective separation and utilization of photogenerated charges are pivotal for enhancing the photocatalytic process. In this study, we designed an atomic-level interface chemical bond (Cu-N bond) and successfully synthesized a novel Cu<sub>2</sub>O<sub>(x)</sub>/Fe@ZIF-NH<sub>2</sub> S-Scheme heterojunction. The Fe@ZIF-NH<sub>2</sub> component was constructed by embedding abundant isolated Fe sites and amine groups within a Zn-MOF (ZIF-8) matrix. Under full solar-spectrum illumination, the Cu-N interface bridge, the local microenvironment (LME) engineered by isolated Fe atoms, and the modulation of the internal electric field synergistically promote directional charge migration. The optimized Cu<sub>2</sub>O<sub>(4)</sub>/Fe@ZIF-NH<sub>2</sub> achieves a superior tetracycline (TC) degradation rate constant of 0.0042 min<sup>−1</sup>, representing 7-fold and 10.5-fold improvements over pristine Cu<sub>2</sub>O and ZIF-8, respectively. Notably, photo-thermal conversion is observed, with the synergistic action of photocatalysis and thermal activation enabling the removal of 98% of TC and over 85% of other pollutants, including ciprofloxacin, coumarin, gentian violet, and methylene blue. Comprehensive characterization confirms the photo-thermal contribution, revealing that Cu<sub>2</sub>O acts as a “nano-heater,” while the LME surrounding single Fe atoms accelerates surface reaction kinetics. Mechanistic insights derived from radical trapping experiments, photoelectrochemical tests, and in situ XPS analysis elucidate cooperative charge transfer pathways. This study presents a promising strategy for designing high-performance photocatalysts through interfacial engineering and single-atom modulation for advanced water purification applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22081,"journal":{"name":"Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 107713"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhen Yin , Hailong Xu , Qing Miao , Zhiqiang Liang , Chenwei Dai , Qixuan Sun , Zhanjie Li , Hua Li
{"title":"Research on removal mechanism of longitudinal-torsional compound ultrasonic vibration end grinding sapphire","authors":"Zhen Yin , Hailong Xu , Qing Miao , Zhiqiang Liang , Chenwei Dai , Qixuan Sun , Zhanjie Li , Hua Li","doi":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.107690","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.107690","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Owing to its high hardness and brittleness, as well as the increasing demand in high-tech field, sapphire in conventional processing can hardly seek the balance between high efficiency and high quality. Ultrasonic vibration assisted grinding (UVAG) provides a perfect solution for sapphire grinding. Longitudinal-torsional compound ultrasonic vibration end grinding (LTUEG) as a mature UVAG technology, has the merits of reducing grinding force and improving surface topography in sapphire processing, but the removal mechanism of sapphire under LTUEG is still plain. Therefore, this paper based on kinematic analysis, developed grinding mechanism models of LTUEG and axial ultrasonic vibration end grinding (AUVEG), and discussed the differences of grinding mechanism between LTUEG and AUVEG. Then, single-factor experiments of conventional end grinding (CEG), AUVEG and LTUEG on sapphire were conducted, and the removal mechanism of sapphire under LTUEG was investigated, and the effect mechanism of longitudinal amplitude and torsional amplitude on the machined surface was analyzed emphatically. Results showed that grinding force and specific grinding energy were reduced after ultrasonic vibration applied; Compared with CEG, normal force and tangential force under LTUEG was decreased by 31.34 % and 20.99 %, respectively. Compared with AUVEG, LTUEG could decrease block spalling, increase the area of small broken area. It was found that within the test range, there was an optimal interval for <em>A<sub>L</sub></em> to affect the processing effect. <em>A<sub>L</sub></em> that was too low (0.5 µm) or too high (3 µm) would both lead to a decline in effect. Compared with AUVEG, the optimal interval for <em>A<sub>L</sub></em> to affect the processing effect in LTUEG was larger and the processing effect was better.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22081,"journal":{"name":"Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 107690"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T.V.M. Sreekanth , B. Naresh , Juliano C. Denardin , J. Kim , K. Yoo
{"title":"A facile hydrothermal synthesis of CeO2–Co3O4 composites: versatile catalysts for oxygen evolution, methanol oxidation, urea oxidation, and catalytic dye reduction","authors":"T.V.M. Sreekanth , B. Naresh , Juliano C. Denardin , J. Kim , K. Yoo","doi":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.107711","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.107711","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Designing effective, low-cost catalysts is essential for applications that address both energy and environmental challenges. In this study, CeO₂-Co₃O₄ composites are synthesized via a facile hydrothermal method using varying CeO<sub>2</sub> concentrations, and the resulting materials are labeled as CeCo-1 and CeCo-2. These cost-effective composites function as catalysts for rhodamine B dye reduction and as electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), methanol oxidation reaction (MOR), and urea oxidation reaction (UOR). The synthesized samples were characterized using multiple techniques. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the presence of both CeO₂ and Co₃O₄ phases in the composites. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and high-resolution TEM (HR-TEM) verified the attachment of Co₃O₄ nanosphericals onto CeO₂ nanorods. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and elemental mapping confirm the presence of Ce, Co, and O in the composite structure. The synthesized materials are employed as catalysts for the reduction of rhodamine B dye. Among them, CeCo-2 demonstrates superior catalytic activity, achieving a pseudo-first-order rate constant of 0.407 min⁻¹ and 94% dye reduction within 7 min. These materials were also evaluated as electrocatalysts for OER, MOR, and UOR. CeCo-2 exhibits higher electrochemically active surface area values for all three reactions. Additionally, all electrocatalysts show excellent durability in the 1.0 M KOH solution during OER, MOR, and UOR testing. This study presents a cost-effective method for synthesizing catalysts intended for energy and environmental applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22081,"journal":{"name":"Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 107711"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}