Surfaces and Interfaces最新文献

{"title":"Nanoarchitectonics of carbon-based electrodes via activated carbon/carbon composite xerogels by CO2","authors":"Kasawan Sirichan ,&nbsp;Kriangsak Kraiwattanawong ,&nbsp;Palang Bumroongsakulsawat ,&nbsp;Suttichai Assabumrungrat","doi":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106971","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106971","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon/carbon (C/C) composites, characterized by trimodal porous structures and highly tunable surfaces, offer promising prospects for electrochemical applications within the framework of nanoarchitectonics. However, recent research lacks systematic investigations into property-controlled performance. This study explores the effects of functional groups, surface area, and pore architecture in CO₂-activated C/C composite xerogels synthesized from resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) sol and cotton fibers (CFs). Increased activation time and CF content enhanced porosity, functional group density (O<img>H and <em>C<img>O</em>), and structural disorder. The macropores introduced by CFs facilitated deeper CO₂ penetration, thereby increasing meso‑ and microporosity, surface area, and specific capacitance. Electrochemical performance measured through cyclic voltammetry and charge/discharge analysis revealed that capacitance was governed primarily by surface area rather than pore geometry. Specific capacitance and surface area increased from 144 to 344 F g⁻¹ and from 575 to 1471 m² g⁻¹, respectively, under 0.5 A g⁻¹ discharge.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22081,"journal":{"name":"Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 106971"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144335996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chromium-containing wastewater effectively removed by TiO2 microsphere of different sizes through a green pathway","authors":"Lin Guo ,&nbsp;Yanhua Ding ,&nbsp;Haiquan Xie ,&nbsp;Huimin Gao ,&nbsp;Kecheng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106967","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106967","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Efficient and environmental-friendly removal of heavy metal Cr(VI) from water sources is a key challenge in current environmental management. Photocatalysis provides a feasible and ecofriendly solution for the elimination of heavy metal ions. In this study, Anatase TiO₂ microspheres (TMS) with abundant porous structure as well as excellent dispersion and uniform size were constructed through a sol-gel method after calcination by utilizing titanium sulfate as precursor. And the particle size can be regulated in the range of 0.6–4 μm by adjusting the oil-water ratio. The morphology was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the microstructure was studied by transmission electron microscope (TEM). Moreover, the specific surface area was determined to be about 200–260 m²/g by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method with the N₂ adsorption-desorption test. Besides, the existence state and phase composition were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy (Raman) and X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy (XPS). Then, the most likely formation mechanism is proposed, namely the temperature-induced active aggregation of nanoparticles and subsequent combination of major particles. Afterwards, the optical properties of TMS were characterized by UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV–Vis DRS). The photocatalytic degradation efficiency of Cr(VI) (100 ml, 20 mg/L) reached 99 % after 100 min with 10 mg of TMS and remain stable in four cycles, which indicates that TMS is an superb choice for the removal of wastewater containing Cr(VI). In addition, the photocatalytic degradation of Cr(VI) of different scavengers and different pH values was studied. Based on the above analysis, the potential photocatalytic degradation mechanism of Cr(VI) by TMS under simulated sunlight illumination was proposed. Therefore, this study provides an efficient strategy for the synthesis of microscale spherical TiO₂ and paves a new path for its potential application fields in wastewater treatment of containing Cr(VI).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22081,"journal":{"name":"Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 106967"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144338929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular mechanisms of electric field-induced modulation of responsive surface structures and protein behavior","authors":"Yun Xie ,&nbsp;Jiawei Li ,&nbsp;Qianqian Feng ,&nbsp;Changwei Wu ,&nbsp;Qin Luo ,&nbsp;Kaihui Hou ,&nbsp;Jian Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106991","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106991","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Protein behavior on electro-responsive surfaces is critical for various biotechnological applications. Molecular simulations were used to investigate the effects of external electric fields (EFs) on the structure and wettability of mixed SAMs comprising long carboxyl/carboxylate-terminated chains and short hydroxyl‑terminated chains with varying surface charge densities (SCDs), as well as their resulting influence on protein behaviors. Analysis reveals that without external EFs, increased SCD leads to higher degrees of disorder in carboxyl/carboxylate-terminated chains. Under a positive EF, as the SCD rises, more carboxylate-terminated chains align straight, exposing charged groups on the outermost layer of the SAMs, thereby increasing the surface hydrophilicity. Under a negative EF, as SCD increases, more carboxylate-terminated chains bend, exposing the alkyl parts and burying the charged groups within the SAMs, thereby enhancing surface hydrophobicity. When fully deprotonated, the SAM generates alternating hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions. Both positive and negative EFs weakened the protein-surface interactions. The former is attributed to the formation of the more tightly bound water layer and the shielding effect of counterions; whereas the latter is due to the reduced electrostatic interactions and competition from counterions. Lysozyme primarily adsorbs onto the SAMs through its right side. However, under conditions of high SCD and a positive EF, lysozyme adsorbs via its bottom site, where its active site is easily accessible. Lysozyme conformation changes irregularly with SCD under an electric field on SAMs, depending on the coupling interactions between protein and surface. These findings provide valuable insights into the design of electro-responsive surfaces for biotechnological applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22081,"journal":{"name":"Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 106991"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of water-soluble ZnS quantum dots by hydrodynamic cavitation technology and related stability exploration","authors":"Yingying Zhang ,&nbsp;Jince Zhang ,&nbsp;Taiyu Jin ,&nbsp;Kehang Xiao ,&nbsp;Dawei Fang ,&nbsp;Jun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106979","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106979","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, ZnS quantum dots (QDs) were prepared on a large-scale by hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) technology using the method of \"top to bottom\". These ZnS QDs have the advantages of small particle size (1.75 nm), narrow size distribution range (1.0–3.0 nm) and high fluorescence quantum yield (37.45 %), which show wide application potential. However, the stability of QDs solution is crucial in their practical application, so the surface modification is systematically studied for enhancing the ZnS QDs solution stability. The effects of temperature, time, pH value and different surface modifiers (L-cys, TGA, PEG and TPT) on the optical properties of ZnS QDs were investigated. The experimental results show that ZnS QDs are not easy to agglomerate in solution under the conditions of low temperature, weak alkali and dark conditions, and the fluorescence intensity of ZnS QDs solution remains high after six weeks of storage. In addition, the surface modification of ZnS QDs can significantly improve their stability and solubility in aqueous solution. Under 365 nm ultraviolet lamp irradiation for 2.0 h, the fluorescence intensity of ZnS QDs solution still maintained about 80 % of its original value. These experimental results provide an important theoretical basis and practical guidance for the optimization of synthesis conditions and practical application of ZnS QDs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22081,"journal":{"name":"Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 106979"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep level transient spectroscopy and theoretical modelling of defect states in few-layer MoS2","authors":"Serhiy Kondratenko ,&nbsp;Oleksandr I. Datsenko ,&nbsp;Sergii Golovynskyi ,&nbsp;Anastasiya Mykytiuk ,&nbsp;Artem Kuklin ,&nbsp;Hans Ågren ,&nbsp;Volodymyr Dzhagan ,&nbsp;Dietrich R.T. Zahn","doi":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106928","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106928","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Native defects can essentially affect the properties of semiconductors and devices based on them. The defect influence is critical for 2D materials obtained by mechanical exfoliation from layered crystals, as most defects may be introduced when exfoliating. A film of few-layer MoS₂ flakes on a SiO₂/Si substrate was studied using deep-level transient spectroscopy (DLTS). A set of electron traps with energy levels at 303, 440, and 633 meV below the conduction band was found. The values are compared to those obtained by the density functional theory calculations of most abundant point defects in bilayer MoS₂, such as Mo and S vacancies, Mo+<em>S</em> and S divacancies, or O substituting S in a surface S layer. Based on the calculation results, the three states found by DLTS were attributed to S vacancy (440 meV) and S divacancy (303 and 633 meV), being the most expected when preparing the layered 2D structures by mechanical exfoliation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22081,"journal":{"name":"Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 106928"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144338928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigations on laser nitriding with trochoidal irradiation for enhancing corrosion resistance of laser-wire directed energy deposited low carbon steel","authors":"Sumitkumar Rathor ,&nbsp;Avneesh Kumar ,&nbsp;Ravi Kant ,&nbsp;Ekta Singla","doi":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106989","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106989","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the process improvement in high-temperature surface nitriding using a lower pulsed laser beam and a trochoidal laser irradiation strategy. The trochoidal irradiation strategy is implemented for nitriding process improvement on heterogeneous laser-wire directed energy deposited (LWDED) low-carbon steel in a nitrogen gas atmosphere. The trochoidal path improves nitriding by overcoming the beam overlapping effect and uniform heating during laser interaction. The process mechanism reveals the petal-like structure on the processed surface, which creates a large surface area. This large surface area helps the nitrogen atom trap during surface melting to form a nitride surface. The intermediate diffusivity from a pulsed laser enabled the controlled nitride growth. It facilitated localized diffusion and the precipitation of the uniform Fe-nitride layer. The EIS analysis showed that the sample nitride at a laser frequency of 100 Hz has the best corrosion resistance in a 3.5 % NaCl solution. The higher-order Fe-nitride formation at 100 Hz frequency is retained after the corrosion test. This finding highlights the superior stability and durability of the 100 Hz laser frequency nitriding compared to the other samples. The effect of pulse frequency and trochoidal path on the formation of Fe-nitride is thoroughly investigated before and after electrolytic corrosion test using advanced characterization techniques like scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and electrochemical analysis. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of pulsed laser nitriding and a trochoidal strategy for enhancing corrosion resistance in additively manufactured parts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22081,"journal":{"name":"Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 106989"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vacancy-Engineered WS2/WSe2 In-Plane Heterojunctions for Selective Sensing of NOx (x = 1, 2): A DFT+U Investigation","authors":"Hang Zhao ,&nbsp;Hao Cui ,&nbsp;Min Huang ,&nbsp;Xin He ,&nbsp;Mingjin Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106968","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106968","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate detection and selective capture of NO<em>_x</em> (<em>x</em> = 1, 2) are critical for environmental monitoring and public health. This study employs density functional theory (DFT) to investigate the adsorption behavior of seven toxic gases (NO, N₂O, NO₂, NH₃, H₂S, SO₂ and CO) on WS₂/WSe₂ in-plane heterostructures with S or Se vacancies. Both vacancy- engineered monolayers demonstrate strong thermal stability. The introduction of vacancies significantly enhances adsorption strength and charge transfer, particularly for NO<em>_x</em> molecules. NO exhibits exceptionally high sensitivity (over 1800 %) and irreversible chemisorption, indicating strong potential for single-use capture applications. In contrast, NO₂ desorbs rapidly (&lt;30 s at 698 K), enabling real-time high-temperature sensing. Weak interactions with the other gases further highlight the system's high selectivity toward NO<em>_x</em>. These findings offer theoretical insights for designing efficient NO<em>_x</em> sensors and capture materials based on TMD heterostructures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22081,"journal":{"name":"Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 106968"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiscale analysis of surface pit defect formation in chemical mechanical polishing of AlN single crystals","authors":"Bang Liang ,&nbsp;Guiwen Xu ,&nbsp;Wenliang Li ,&nbsp;Zhao Liu ,&nbsp;Zecheng Yang ,&nbsp;Weixiang Sang ,&nbsp;Qianling Liu ,&nbsp;Honglei Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106972","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106972","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Surface pit defects emerging during chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) of aluminum nitride (AlN) single crystals critically compromise device reliability. In this study, we develop a multiscale correlation model linking mechanical load, stress relaxation, dislocation evolution, and defect formation to elucidate the mechanisms and evolution pathways of these defects. In situ nanoindentation and polishing experiments reveal the governing role of mechanical loads. These loads control the elastoplastic deformation behavior of AlN crystals<em>.</em> Abaqus finite element simulations combined with wafer cleavage experiments characterize the three-dimensional stress distributions during abrasive indentation, demonstrating that residual stress relaxation predominantly drives defect morphology evolution. Additionally, atomic force microscopy scratch experiments uncover a dislocation slip-induced lattice distortion process at the microscale. Photoluminescence spectroscopy further confirms that Zr_Al-V_N composite defects—formed via abrasive embedding under chemo-mechanical synergy—induce emission peak broadening, highlighting the catalytic role of abrasive–substrate chemical bonding in defect evolution. This multiscale approach overcomes traditional single-physics limitations. It provides a comprehensive framework for damage control in ultra-precision machining of wide-bandgap semiconductors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22081,"journal":{"name":"Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 106972"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144338955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aggregation behavior of glutamine-cyanostyrene-based composite Langmuir-Blodgett films and their chiral and optoelectronic properties","authors":"Pengfei Bian ,&nbsp;Xinyu Li ,&nbsp;Lexin Zhang ,&nbsp;Guiying Qiao ,&nbsp;Lukang Ji ,&nbsp;Tifeng Jiao","doi":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106992","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106992","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Self-assembly of chiral molecules combining multifunctional thin film materials has been increasingly emphasized by researchers. In this work, amphiphilic glutamine-cyanostilbene-based molecules organic molecules and dye molecules composite LB films were designed and prepared by supramolecular self-assembly in LB technology. Characterization by AFM and transmission electron microscopy confirmed that the composite films exhibit nanoscale surface homogeneity. UV spectroscopy and circular dichroism spectroscopy analyses show that the prepared LB films have J-type aggregation state and the chiral centers achieve effective chiral transfer during supramolecular assembly. Photoelectrochemical tests show that all the film properties exhibit excellent photocurrent density and charge separation efficiency, which provides a theoretical model for the design of flexible optoelectronic devices and an idea for the application of chiral supramolecular materials in the field of optoelectronic sensing and energy conversion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22081,"journal":{"name":"Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 106992"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144338956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solution-processed organic nanostructure arrays: From nanofabrication to applications","authors":"Xiao Zhang,&nbsp;Xinran Yu,&nbsp;Jing Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106981","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106981","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Integrated optoelectronic devices serve as the foundation of modern information technology. Compared to the inorganic materials, the organic nanostructure materials possess the inherent advantages, including spectral tunability, solution processability, excellent mechanical flexibility, and low fabrication costs, demonstrating significant application potential. To realize the high-performance organic electronic devices, it is essential to prepare large-area organic single-crystal arrays with high crystalline and precise alignment. However, solution-processed methods, including solution shearing, inkjet printing, dip-pen lithography, and nanoimprinting lithography, face challenges due to limitations caused by the \"coffee-ring\" effect, which often leads to disordered mass transfer processes and grain boundary defects. Consequently, the preparation for the organic nanostructure arrays still remains challenging. In this paper, we first review solution-processed fabrication techniques for organic nanostructure arrays, including inkjet printing, dip-pen lithography, nanoimprinting lithography, blade coating, and capillary bridge lithography. Subsequently, we summarize various applications of organic arrays fabricated using these techniques, including photodetectors, solar cells, organic lasers, organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), and transistors. Finally, we analyze the current development status of organic nanostructure arrays as well as their device applications and provide perspectives on future prospects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22081,"journal":{"name":"Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 106981"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144335997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}