Surfaces and Interfaces最新文献

{"title":"Regulation of Pd-doped graphitic carbon nitride Schottky heterojunctions with the template of two-dimensional supramolecular polymer as both light-sensitizer and photocatalyst to promote hydrogen evolution","authors":"Guang-Bin Ji ,&nbsp;Guo-Ping Chen ,&nbsp;Yu-Luo Shen ,&nbsp;Dong-Jin Qian","doi":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106187","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106187","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon nitrides have attracted growing attention as the metal-free semiconductor photocatalysts with various advantages, but still suffering from the limited efficiency due to a quick recombination of photogenerated carriers and a scarcity of reactive sites. Here, we developed a templated synthetic method to construct Pd-doped carbon nitride Schottky junctions using a two-dimensional (2D) supramolecular polymer and well-dispersed palladium acetate as the precursors. After the self-assembling, heating, and calcination processes, the Pd(0) atoms and their nanoparticles (Pd⁽⁰⁾NPs) are inserted or doped in the porous graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) nanosheets to produce g-C₃N₄/Pd_x heterojunctions. It is revealed that compositions, microstructure, and photocatalytic H₂ evolution rates of the g-C₃N₄/Pd_x heterojunctions can be regulated by the amount of palladium acetate added in the template of 2D polymers. The most efficient g-C₃N₄/Pd_1.2 Schottky junction gives a H₂ evolution rate of 468 μmol g^-1 h^-1; nearly 40 times higher as compared to that of the corresponding g-C₃N₄ nanosheets. Investigations on the structure and mechanism reveal that the porous design and Schottky junctions enhance significantly the light utilization and build-in electric field between Pd⁽⁰⁾NPs and g-C₃N₄ nanosheets, thus resulting in an enhanced separation and transfer efficiency of the photogenerated charge carriers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22081,"journal":{"name":"Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 106187"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143579863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insight into the physical assembly of alkanes with Z-200 molecules on surface hydrophobicity of chalcopyrite (CuFeS2)","authors":"Zerui Liu ,&nbsp;Yao Feng ,&nbsp;Xiaoqin Tang ,&nbsp;Yuqiong Li ,&nbsp;Di Wu ,&nbsp;Jianhua Chen ,&nbsp;Ye Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106196","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106196","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Copper flotation usually utilizes the synergistic effect between different collectors to improve the recovery. Currently, there are few studies on the assembly of nonpolar alkanes with collectors for flotation practice, not to mention the lack of micro-mechanism studies. In this study, the effect of the physical assembly of alkanes with Z-200 on the surface hydrophobicity of chalcopyrite was systematically investigated by flotation, contact angle and microcalorimetric tests, density functional theory and molecular dynamics calculations. It was found that the assembled reagents exhibited better collection ability towards chalcopyrite than Z-200, required lower dosages and exhibited higher recoveries. The assembled reagents made chalcopyrite surface more hydrophobic. The adsorption of assembled reagents on chalcopyrite surface was much more intense than that of the single reagent. Alkanes could not spontaneously adsorb on chalcopyrite surface, and after assembly, alkanes were assembled with chemisorbed Z-200 by van der Waals forces and co-adsorbed on the mineral surface. The assembled reagents were tightly arranged and more hydrophobic than the hydrophobic layer with only Z-200 adsorbed. The study revealed the assembly mechanism between Z-200 and alkanes at the solid-liquid interface of flotation, which provided a theoretical basis for the development and design of novel collectors for mixed sulfide ores.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22081,"journal":{"name":"Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 106196"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143601422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing the corrosion inhibition behavior of tryptamine hydrochloride using surfactant additives for mild steel in 3.5% NaCl solution","authors":"Sara A. Alqarni ,&nbsp;Mahmoud A. Hussein ,&nbsp;Khalid A. Alamry ,&nbsp;Ajahar Khan ,&nbsp;Ruby Aslam","doi":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current study deals with the study of the effect of tryptamine hydrochloride (THC) on inhibition of mild steel (MS) in 3.5 % NaCl solution when combined with cationic, i.e., Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), anionic, i.e., Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and non-ionic, i.e., Triton X-100 (TX-100) surfactants. The inhibition efficiencies of the THC-surfactants system were evaluated using EIS, polarization tests, and weight loss measurements. The results showed a great improvement in the inhibition capacity of THC after the addition of 5 ppm for each surfactant evaluated, in the order THC (65.0 %) &lt; THC+SDS (72.9 %) &lt; THC+CTAB (85.4 %) &lt; THC+TX-100 (95.9 %). The adsorption of THC on the MS surface was found to follow Langmuir adsorption isotherm and acted as a cathodic-type inhibitor in either the absence or presence of surfactants. This shift suggests that the inhibitor primarily suppresses the reduction of oxygen or hydrogen evolution. Additionally, the interaction between the THC and the metal surface was confirmed through FT-IR and UV-vis spectroscopies. The characteristic changes in the FT-IR spectra showed the formation of a protective layer due to the chemical bonding and adsorption behavior of THC on the steel surface. The SEM image supported the results by showing that the surface of the steel treated with THC and surfactants was relatively smoother and more uniform than untreated steel, which suffered severe corrosion damage. The most intact surface morphology with no sign of corrosion was observed in the presence of THC+TX-100, which shows the highest protective effect among all tested surfactant additives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22081,"journal":{"name":"Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 106178"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication of multi-substrate electronics for ion enhanced humidity tracing in human-related smart sensing","authors":"Jianing Kang ,&nbsp;Feng Gao ,&nbsp;Shikun Hou ,&nbsp;Jinghuan Fu ,&nbsp;Huanan Yu ,&nbsp;Fei Jin ,&nbsp;Gongxun Bai ,&nbsp;Wenjun Zhou ,&nbsp;Changyu Shen ,&nbsp;Ying Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The advancement of smart sensing applications related to human activities underscores the need for humidity tracing to be highly sensitive, swift response, and capable of being fabricated flexibly across various substrates. This trade-off between gas adsorption and carrier transport represents a principal challenge for developing high-performance gas sensors. Here, a methodology is proposed to address this challenge by synthesizing lysine modified graphene oxide (GO-Lys) composite, which promotes both the absorption of water molecules and charge transport. The GO-Lys demonstrates a versatile and flexible capability for the fabrication of humidity sensors on various substrates, enabling the development of high-performance, printable, and wearable humidity sensors. The sensors proposed in this work demonstrate high sensitivity, swift response and recovery time, robust stability, high linearity, and low hysteresis. A maximum resistance response of (2.04 ± 0.39) × 10⁵ as humidity changes from 30 % to 90 % was observed by the sensor of GO-Lys@ITO. Additionally, equilibrium response and recovery times of 0.17 ± 0.02 and 0.25 ± 0.03 s, respectively, for humidity shifts from 40 % to 70 % was exhibited by GO-Lys@PET. Smart applications such as breath analysis, proximity detection, gesture recognition, and semantic recognition are researched by proposed high-performance sensors, highlighting potential to advance smart sensing technologies for human activities via humidity spectrum exploitation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22081,"journal":{"name":"Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 106182"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143601421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transition metal improved the dehydrogenated capacity, electronic and optical properties of the layered V2C MXene for hydrogen evolution reaction","authors":"Yong Pan,&nbsp;Jiahao Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although the 2D layered V₂C MXene is an attractive electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) due to the excellent conductivity, low electronic transfer resistance and low overpotential, the dehydrogenation mechanism of 2D layered V₂C MXene is entirely unknow. To understand and improve the dehydrogenated capacity of V₂C MXene electrocatalyst, the influence of transition metals (TM=Ti, Zn and Ru) on the dehydrogenated capacity, electronic and optical properties of V₂C electrocatalyst is studied by using the <em>ab-initio</em> calculations. The result shows that the calculated hydrogen dissociation energy of V₂C MXene is 1.646 eV. Naturally, the dehydrogenated capacity of V₂C is determined by the bond strength of V-C bond at the V-C-V-C layered structure. In particular, these doped transition metals reduce H desorption energy cost compared to V₂C MXene because these transition metals weaken the electronic interaction between V and C atoms, and between V and H atoms, which is beneficial to H desorption in V₂C. In addition, the V₂C and TM-doped V₂C show ultraviolet properties. Compared to V₂C, the doped transition metal results in the adsorption coefficient moved from the ultraviolet region to the light visible region. Therefore, we believe that these transition metals are better catalysts to improve the dehydrogenated behavior of V₂C electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22081,"journal":{"name":"Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 106185"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143579243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical modulation of oil-water interfaces: Effects on interfacial tension and molecular composition","authors":"Qiang Li ,&nbsp;Zhengfu Ning ,&nbsp;Weitian Wang ,&nbsp;Zejiang Jia ,&nbsp;Ying Kang ,&nbsp;Xiqian Zheng ,&nbsp;Kangbo Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106165","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106165","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The application of a direct current (DC) electric field can effectively reduce interfacial tension, thereby enhancing fluid permeability and improving the potential for oil reservoir exploitation. This study investigates the effects of varying DC voltages on oil-water interfacial tension, considering parameters such as the pH of the aqueous phase, ion concentration, the composition of the oil phase (including its four-component makeup), oxidation–reduction potential, and molecular composition from an electrochemical perspective. The results demonstrate that the introduction of a DC electric field significantly reduces interfacial tension, with the effect becoming more pronounced as the voltage increases. Notably, in NaHCO₃-based formation water, the reduction in interfacial tension is especially remarkable, from 12.63mN/m to 0.08mN/m. Additionally, the reduction in interfacial tension is positively correlated with an increase in the pH of the aqueous solution and is more responsive to sodium ions compared to calcium ions. Concerning the oil components, the application of a DC electric field results in an approximate increase of 2% in asphaltenes and 10% in resins. The increase in resin content is one of the key factors contributing to the reduction in interfacial tension. Enhanced oxidative conditions promote the formation of asphaltenes and resins, while concomitant reductive reactions lead to an increase in methylene content and its branched structures. Crucially, the increase in carboxylate ion content plays a decisive role in the reduction of interfacial tension. This study not only refines our understanding of the mechanisms by which DC electric fields reduce oil-water interfacial tension but also provides new insights into the principles and mechanisms behind the improvement of crude oil recovery. These findings contribute to the advancement and broader application of this technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22081,"journal":{"name":"Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 106165"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143579245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of carbon aerogels incorporating with CoFe alloys for electromagnetic wave absorption","authors":"Qingkun Xu ,&nbsp;Xiurong Zhu ,&nbsp;Jiawei Zhu ,&nbsp;Peng Liao ,&nbsp;Yi Yu ,&nbsp;Zuzou Xiong ,&nbsp;Xianke Zhang ,&nbsp;Jvjun Yuan ,&nbsp;Xiaoqing Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106184","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106184","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To incorporate magnetic metals into carbon materials is a proven method to achieve highly efficient electromagnetic wave absorption (EMA) capabilities. In this study, cobalt (Co)-iron (Fe) alloys doped phenolic-based carbon aerogels (CoFe-CAs) with an impressive core-shell structure were prepared by using 1,2-epoxypropane as catalyst via a simplified sol-gel method. The effect of annealing temperature on the EMA properties of CoFe-CAs was explored and the X-ray diffractometer, Raman spectrometer, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction, N₂ isothermal adsorption-desorption curves and vector network analyzer were used to acquire their physical and chemical properties. The results show that the CoFe-CAs (S-1050) with an impressive core-shell structure possess outstanding EMA performance, the minimum reflection-loss value reaches -58.46 dB (matching thickness: 2.1 mm, frequency: 12.9 GHz) while the maximum effective-absorption-bandwidth displays 5.7 GHz (frequency range: 12.13–17.83 GHz, matching thickness: 1.84 mm), the minimum radar-cross-section value displays -40.02 dB m² in a range of 0° to 360°. The excellent EMA performance of CoFe-CAs can be mainly attributed to the high conduction loss derived from their graphitized carbon, the polarization loss resulted from their impressive core-shell structure, high specific surface area and rich pore structure, and the impedance matching characteristics optimized by the good synergy of dielectric loss and magnetic loss. This study provides a new catalyst and a simplified method for the preparation of magnetic metal doped phenolic-based CAs with excellent EMA properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22081,"journal":{"name":"Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 106184"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143621194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of pyrolysis temperature on the structure and uranium separation characteristics of kaolin","authors":"Maoling Wu ,&nbsp;Keding Li ,&nbsp;Bowen Zheng ,&nbsp;Li Yang ,&nbsp;Lin Zhang ,&nbsp;Xuan Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106177","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Kaolin (KL) is regarded as an available adsorbent for U-containing wastewater treatment owing to its rich resources, low price, high chemical stability and excellent ion-exchange ability. While, the U removal performances of KL are constrained by its structure and poor active sites. Thermal activation is an efficient way to improve the U removal capacity of KL through expanding contact aera and providing more available adsorption sites. While, there were few researches about elaborating the relationship between KL structural properties, adsorption performances and pyrolysis temperature. In this study, the structure of KL at different pyrolysis temperatures relationship with its U separation characteristics was investigated at first. According to the results of characterizations, pyrolysis temperature obviously affected the crystal structure, phase composition and microstructure of KL. By comparison, KL pyrolyzed at 500 °C (KL-500) possessed rougher surface and stripped layer structure, thus providing more adsorptive sites to combine with uranyl. The experimental results indicate that KL-500 showed higher U separation rate (90.4 %) and larger U adsorption capacity (530.8 mg/g). Meanwhile, the maximum U removal capacity of KL-500 was larger than most of reported clay-based materials, illustrating the potential of practical application. Besides, KL-500 also performed favorable recoverability with the U adsorption rate of 80.2 % at the fifth cycle, meaning that KL was expected for treating natural wastewater. The fitting results of isotherm and kinetics models verified that the removal process of U on KL-500 was mainly single layer chemical adsorption. The surface charge of KL was negative due to deprotonation at pH 5.0, thus causing strong electrostatic attraction between adsorbents and uranyl. Combining the results of XPS spectra, the immobilization of U on KL-500 was mainly realized through electrostatic interaction and complexation, which was a combination process of physical and chemical adsorption, with chemical adsorption dominating.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22081,"journal":{"name":"Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 106177"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143628877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visible light-induced degradation of tetracycline using CaFe2O4/CuWO4 composite and its mechanistic insights","authors":"Harsha S Rangappa ,&nbsp;Phyu Phyu Cho ,&nbsp;Preetam Dash ,&nbsp;Bhagatram Meena ,&nbsp;Partha Ghosal ,&nbsp;Chuxia Lin ,&nbsp;Giridhar Madras ,&nbsp;Ch. Subrahmanyam","doi":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106160","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106160","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Water is an essential component for all life on earth, and the presence of antibiotics in water poses a potential threat to the environment. In this study, we report the synthesis of a CaFe₂O₄/CuWO₄ composite photocatalyst that can be activated by visible light using a two-step process. This involved hydrothermal treatment followed by sol-gel combustion. The morphological structure, element composition, photoelectric response, and other properties of the synthesized catalyst were thoroughly examined using various techniques, including XRD, TEM, XPS, PL, and EIS. Tetracycline (TC) was selected as a test antibiotic to evaluate the photocatalytic efficiency of the composite catalyst. The CaFe₂O₄/CuWO₄ composite exhibited 2.12 and 9.76-fold higher TC degradation efficiency compared to that of individual CaFe₂O₄ and CuWO₄, respectively, during 210 min of visible light exposure. The matched band positions of CaFe₂O₄ and CuWO₄ play a crucial role in enhancing photocatalytic activity by effectively separating and transferring light-induced carriers. O₂^-•, e^-, and OH^• were found to be the primary reactive species driving the process, and a plausible TC degradation mechanism was proposed. The composite catalyst demonstrated high stability and excellent recyclability. The findings have implications for understanding the mechanistic insights into visible light-enhanced photocatalysts for the degradation of water-borne organic pollutants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22081,"journal":{"name":"Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 106160"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143579242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Enhanced sensitivity, structural, optical and magnetic properties of samarium doped magnesium nanoferrites (MgSmxFe2-xO4) thick film nanosensors for ethanol (C2H5OH) gas detection study”","authors":"Vyankati Rama Jadhav ,&nbsp;Ramesh Baburao Bhise ,&nbsp;Manisha Daryav Dhiware","doi":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106183","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Samarium-doped magnesium ferrite (MgSm_xFe_2-xO₄) was the subject of the investigation. It was effectively synthesized using the sol-gel method and thick-film sensors were made using a screen-printing process. Single-phased samples with crystallite sizes ranging from 17.84 to 19.99 nm were obtained. Unit cell enlargement was indicated by an expansion of the lattice parameter with Sm³⁺ doping, as evidenced by X-ray diffraction studies. Infrared Fourier-transform spectroscopy verified that Sm³⁺ ions were substituted in the octahedral positions. BET surface area has been determined to be 53.7 m²g⁻¹. The spherical nanoparticles were seen using transmission electron microscopy. Due to particle size dependency, magnetic tests showed that doping reduced magnetism. Particularly, the sensor was modified to detect gas vapours of ethanol (C₂H₅OH), which had a 93 % estimated concentration level. Regarding reaction and recovery, the C₂H₅OH gas vapours had a significant response time of 6 s and a recovery time of 25 s. Furthermore, the stability of the device was confirmed by the reusability tests, which showed that the sensor sensitivity remained constant after five cycles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22081,"journal":{"name":"Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 106183"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}