K. Kim, M. Rosenthal, David J. Zielinski, R. Brady
{"title":"Comparison of desktop, head mounted display, and six wall fully immersive systems using a stressful task","authors":"K. Kim, M. Rosenthal, David J. Zielinski, R. Brady","doi":"10.1109/VR.2012.6180922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VR.2012.6180922","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of the current study was to investigate the effects of different virtual environment (VE) technologies on emotional arousal and task performance in a modified Stroop task presented under low- and high-stress conditions. Fifty-three participants were recruited from a college population. Reactivity to stressful VEs was examined in three representative VE systems from desktop to high-end fully immersive systems. The experiment was a 3 (desktop system, head mounted display (HMD), and six wall system) × 2 (high- and low-stressful VE) within subject design, with self-reported emotional arousal and valence, skin conductance, task performance, presence, and simulator sickness. Replicating previous studies, the fully immersive system induced the highest sense of presence and the HMD system elicited the highest amount of simulator sickness. Extending previous studies, the results showed that different technological platforms evoked unique response patterns. Our findings suggest that different VE systems may be appropriate for different scientific purposes when studying stress reactivity using emotionally evocative tasks.","PeriodicalId":220761,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Virtual Reality Workshops (VRW)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129811409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"General bandwidth reduction approaches for immersive LHRD videoconferencing","authors":"Malte Willert, Stephan Ohl, O. Staadt","doi":"10.1109/VR.2012.6180928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VR.2012.6180928","url":null,"abstract":"Systems for immersive videoconferencing utilizing LHRDs face the problem of generating large amounts of data. A solution to reduce this data is essential to realize such systems. We present different possible approaches to do this and give an overview where these are applicable. This provides the reader with a first guide for design decisions when implementing such systems.","PeriodicalId":220761,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Virtual Reality Workshops (VRW)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130147221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhancing realism in virtual environments by simulating the audio-haptic sensation of walking on ground surfaces","authors":"R. Nordahl, S. Serafin, N. C. Nilsson, L. Turchet","doi":"10.1109/VR.2012.6180888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VR.2012.6180888","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we describe an experiment whose goal is to investigate the role of physics-based auditory and haptic feedback provided at feet level to enhance realism in a virtual environment. To achieve this goal, we designed a multimodal virtual environment where subjects could walk on a platform overlooking a canyon. Subjects were asked to visit the environment wearing an head-mounted display and a custom made pair of sandals enhanced with sensors and actuators. A 12-channels surround sound system delivered a soundscape which was consistent with the visual environment. Passive haptics was provided by having a physical wooden platform present in the laboratory. Subjects reported of having a more realistic experience while auditory and haptic feedback are present. However, measured physiological data and post-experimental presence questionnaire do not show significant differences when audio-haptic feedback is provided.","PeriodicalId":220761,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Virtual Reality Workshops (VRW)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115018330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"VR 2012 tutorial proposal title: An in-depth introduction to virtual reality programming","authors":"W. Sherman","doi":"10.1109/VR.2012.6180944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VR.2012.6180944","url":null,"abstract":"This tutorial introduces basic programming concepts particular to virtual reality. The presentation progresses step-by-step from a very simple world with no interactions (apart from physical immersion), and continues to add features related to 3D user interfaces, interactive rendering and interesting ways to travel through virtual worlds. The presentation includes the opportunity for audience members to follow along with software on their laptops, though the tutorial will also be valuable for those who wish to expressly follow the lectures.","PeriodicalId":220761,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Virtual Reality Workshops (VRW)","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132302837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The integration of a neurosurgical microscope as an interface to a medical training simulator","authors":"Florian Beier","doi":"10.1109/VR.2012.6180900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VR.2012.6180900","url":null,"abstract":"We present the integration of a neurosurgical microscope as an interface to a medical training simulator. The simulator is based on Virtual Reality and combines the use of real-time simulation algorithms with a native interface consisting of a real surgical microscope and original instruments. The position and pose of the head of the microscope are tracked with an optical tracking system that is mounted on the microscope. The camera tracks 3 infrared light-emitting diodes (LEDs) that are integrated in a phantom of the patient's head. The status of the microscope such as zoom and focus are read out via controller-area network (CAN). The oculars have been replaced by a stereoscopic display.","PeriodicalId":220761,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Virtual Reality Workshops (VRW)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133695406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Depth judgments by reaching and matching in near-field augmented reality","authors":"Gurjot Singh, J. Swan, J. A. Jones, S. Ellis","doi":"10.1109/VR.2012.6180933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VR.2012.6180933","url":null,"abstract":"In this abstract we describe an experiment that measured depth judgments in optical see-through augmented reality (AR) at near-field reaching distances of ~ 24 to ~ 56 cm. The 2×2 experiment crossed two depth judgment tasks, perceptual matching and blind reaching, with two different environments, a real-world environment and an augmented reality environment. We designed a task that used a direct reaching gesture at constant percentages of each participant's maximum reach; our task was inspired by previous work by Tresilian and Mon-Williams [6] that found very accurate blind reaching results in a real-world environment.","PeriodicalId":220761,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Virtual Reality Workshops (VRW)","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122199135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Are motorized wheelchairs an effective method of locomotion in virtual environments?","authors":"Amelia Nybakke, Ramya Ramakrishnan, V. Interrante","doi":"10.1109/VR.2012.6180889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VR.2012.6180889","url":null,"abstract":"In this poster, we summarize the results of a user study that investigates the relative extent to which people are able to maintain spatial awareness when exploring a virtual environment using a motorized wheelchair. We asked 24 participants to travel through a 24' wide, circularly symmetric virtual room, searching the contents of 16 randomly positioned and oriented boxes to locate 8 hidden targets, using each of the following four locomotion methods: real walking; virtual translation with real rotation while standing and using a body-worn joystick; real driving in a motorized wheelchair; and virtual translation with real rotation while sitting in a swivel chair with a joystick mounted on one of its arms. We computed four measures of search efficiency: distance travelled, search time, number of targets revisited, and proportion of trials with no revisits. We found that participants performed significantly better, overall, with real walking than with either of the methods that involved virtual translation, while performance with the wheelchair was intermediate. These results confirm that a mobile, motorized wheelchair interface offers some advantages over stationary joystick travel.","PeriodicalId":220761,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Virtual Reality Workshops (VRW)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129936549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Crowd simulation using Discrete Choice Model","authors":"Wenxi Liu, Rynson W. H. Lau, Dinesh Manocha","doi":"10.1109/VR.2012.6180866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VR.2012.6180866","url":null,"abstract":"We present a new algorithm to simulate a variety of crowd behaviors using the Discrete Choice Model (DCM). DCM has been widely studied in econometrics to examine and predict customers' or households' choices. Our DCM formulation can simulate virtual agents' goal selection and we highlight our algorithm by simulating heterogeneous crowd behaviors: evacuation, shopping, and rioting scenarios.","PeriodicalId":220761,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Virtual Reality Workshops (VRW)","volume":"159 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123276175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Evan A. Suma, G. Bruder, Frank Steinicke, D. Krum, M. Bolas
{"title":"A taxonomy for deploying redirection techniques in immersive virtual environments","authors":"Evan A. Suma, G. Bruder, Frank Steinicke, D. Krum, M. Bolas","doi":"10.1109/VR.2012.6180877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VR.2012.6180877","url":null,"abstract":"Natural walking can provide a compelling experience in immersive virtual environments, but it remains an implementation challenge due to the physical space constraints imposed on the size of the virtual world. The use of redirection techniques is a promising approach that relaxes the space requirements of natural walking by manipulating the user's route in the virtual environment, causing the real world path to remain within the boundaries of the physical workspace. In this paper, we present and apply a novel taxonomy that separates redirection techniques according to their geometric flexibility versus the likelihood that they will be noticed by users. Additionally, we conducted a user study of three reorientation techniques, which confirmed that participants were less likely to experience a break in presence when reoriented using the techniques classified as subtle in our taxonomy. Our results also suggest that reorientation with change blindness illusions may give the impression of exploring a more expansive environment than continuous rotation techniques, but at the cost of negatively impacting spatial knowledge acquisition.","PeriodicalId":220761,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Virtual Reality Workshops (VRW)","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126690884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Virtual reality to go: A USC ICT Mixed Reality Lab demonstration","authors":"D. Krum, Evan A. Suma, M. Bolas","doi":"10.1109/VR.2012.6180939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VR.2012.6180939","url":null,"abstract":"Our demonstration will exhibit a number of low cost virtual reality systems built using smartphones, inexpensive optics, and game engine software. These systems will demonstrate how VR researchers and developers can leverage current trends in commodity hardware and software to bring virtual reality to a wider audience. This demonstration dovetails with the Workshop on Off-the-Shelf Virtual Reality (OTSVR), which we will also be organizing at the VR conference. The Mixed Reality Lab at the USC Institute for Creative Technologies works to advance the design and practice of mixed reality and virtual reality. The lab is particularly focused on the research and development of new technologies and techniques to enhance immersion and interaction for learning and training.","PeriodicalId":220761,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Virtual Reality Workshops (VRW)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116839376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}