South Asian Journal of Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Practice of L-Asparaginase Usage: A Survey among Healthcare Providers Treating Children with Cancer in India","authors":"Archana Mv, Kalasekhar Vs, Vinay Munikoty, R. Bhat, Atul Achyutrao, Vani Lakshmi R, V. Bhat K","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1767811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1767811","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Vasudeva Bhat K Introduction  L-asparaginase is an essential chemotherapeutic agent in the therapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), which has led to improvement in survival. In low- and middle-income countries like India, the outcomes in ALL are inferior compared with the published literature, one of the causes of which is believed to be due to the inferior quality of bioequivalent asparaginase. Objective  The following survey attempts to understand the practice of using this agent among oncologists treating children with cancer in our country. Methods  The researchers designed a structured online questionnaire comprising 25 aspects of L-asparaginase usage in the study. The questionnaire was directed to the healthcare providers involved in treating children with cancer in India. Results  Of the total 80 responses recorded, 51 (64%) respondents had more than 5 years of experience in pediatric oncology and were treating at least 5 to 10 newly diagnosed ALL patients per month. Forty-one (51%) respondents utilized native asparaginase, and 21 (26.3%) oncologists used PEGylated-asparaginase exclusively. The most common route of administration was the intramuscular route (66.3%). Seventy percent of respondents utilized native form at a dose of 10,000 IU/m 2 and 20% at 6,000 IU/m 2 . The amounts used for PEGylated L-asparaginase were 1,000,IU/m 2 , 2,500,IU/m 2 , and variable doses in 48, 40, and 10% of responses, respectively. Though serum asparaginase assay (SAA) was not measured routinely in most of the centers, 39 (48.8%) healthcare providers perceived performing SAA helps to make the clinical decision. Conclusion  This survey shows a wide variation in L-asparaginase usage among healthcare providers caring for children with cancer in our country. As L-asparaginase is the pivotal component of ALL therapy, uniformity in its usage and dosing with the possibility of monitoring SAA due to the quality of bioequivalent may be one of the critical steps toward improving outcomes in ALL in our country.","PeriodicalId":22053,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43648429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technology and Innovation Has Made Impact Factor Redundant-Better Alternatives Are Here to Thrive.","authors":"Purvish M Parikh, Amish Vora","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1767699","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0043-1767699","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22053,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11925622/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44616929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevention of Cervical Cancer through HPV Vaccination and Screening in Maldives.","authors":"Sujith Kumar Mullapally, Partha Basu, Purvish Parikh","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1764158","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0043-1764158","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22053,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Cancer","volume":"12 1","pages":"44-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/30/19/10-1055-s-0043-1764158.PMC9966162.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10813467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cervical Cancer in SAARC Countries.","authors":"Purvish M Parikh, Sujith Kumar Mullapally, Sachin Hingmire, A F M Kamal Uddin, M M Thinn, Arun Shahi, Ugyen Tshomo, Indu Mohan, Satinder Kaur, Nikhil Ghadyalpatil","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1764227","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0043-1764227","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Purvish M. ParikhIn the year 2020, a total of 342 000 women were estimated to die of cervical cancer, of which 90%) were expected amongst low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Globally incidence of cervical cancer has reduced as a result of improved personal hygiene, better living conditions and higher application of opportunistic screening programs. Yet GLOBOCAN shows that absolute number of cases are still increasing. We therefore conducted a 21 question multiple choice questionnaire online survey in Jan 2023 amongst 9 SAARC countries. A total of 367 replies were received and the representative answers for each country are being reported in this manuscript. A good possibility of achieving World Health Assembly target (Nov 17, 2020) was felt only by Bhutan and Nepal. For screening, most countries (Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka) recommend for all asymptomatic eligible patients. Public health experts have suggested VIA / VILI as the best solution for LMICs. However, a dual screening strategy (HPV DNA plus) cytology was preferred by doctors in Afghanistan, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Screening, triage and then treatment was the preferred by Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka. HPV vaccination was recommended in all girls between ages 10 to 26 years in Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. All the 9 countries would use HPV vaccination to all eligible patients if the cost of the vaccine was reasonably low. Our survey clearly outlines challenges faced in tackling cervical cancer in SAARC countries. We also provide consensus regarding several potential solutions that can be used in both public and private cervical cancer control programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":22053,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Cancer","volume":"12 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/16/c5/10-1055-s-0043-1764227.PMC9966176.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10793753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges in Cervical Cancer Prevention: Real-World Scenario in India.","authors":"Satinder Kaur, Lalit Mohan Sharma, Vinita Mishra, Maj Gen Bhupesh Goyal, Swasti Swasti, Avinash Talele, Purvish M Parikh","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1764222","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0043-1764222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Satinder KaurIn spite of global falling trends, cervical cancer remains a major healthcare challenge for India, South Asia Association for Regional Cooperation region, and other low- and middle-income countries. Our survey was to document the real-world challenges that still exist in India. A total of 316 eligible and complete responses to the 21 questions were analyzed. Screening of mothers and vaccinating their daughters was considered as the most important strategy to prevent cervical cancer by 65.8% (208/316). Screening was offered to all asymptomatic eligible females by 79% (250/316). Improvement in screening rates requires promoting the national program (67.7%; 214/316), strengthening existing infrastructure (62%; 196/316), regular training of primary healthcare workers (57.6%; 182/316), and increasing awareness among schools and colleges (57.9%; 183/316). Almost all responders (93%; 294/316) wanted to have human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination included in the national immunization schedule. Cost of vaccine was considered a major roadblock. If it became available at INR 250 per dose, 96.8% (306/316) respondents would recommend it for all eligible patients. With the impending availability of this indigenous tetravalent HPV vaccine jointly produced by Department of Biotechnology, Govt of India and Serum Institute of India, the war against cervical cancer just got easier.</p>","PeriodicalId":22053,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Cancer","volume":"12 1","pages":"9-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/46/3b/10-1055-s-0043-1764222.PMC9966165.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10813461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Outcomes of Mucinous Ovarian Cancer Treated at a Tertiary Care Cancer Hospital in Pakistan.","authors":"Syed Abdul Mannan Hamdani,&nbsp;Musa Azhar,&nbsp;Abdul Wahab,&nbsp;Tahira Yasmeen,&nbsp;Neelam Siddiqui","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1755582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1755582","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Syed Abdul Mannan Hamdani<b>Objective</b>  To evaluate the clinicopathological features and survival outcomes of mucinous ovarian cancer (MOC) patients in an Asian population. <b>Study Design</b>  Descriptive observational study. <b>Place and Duration of Study</b>  Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan, from January 2001 to December 2016. <b>Methods</b>  Data of MOC were evaluated for demographics, tumor stage, clinical characteristics, tumor markers, treatment modalities, and outcomes from electronic Hospital Information System. <b>Results</b>  Nine-hundred patients with primary ovarian cancer were reviewed, out of which 94 patients (10.4%) had MOC. The median age was 36 ± 12.4 years. The most common presentation was abdominal distension 51 (54.3%), while the rest presented with abdominal pain and irregular menstruation. Using FIGO (The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) staging, 72 (76.6%) had stage I, 3 (3.2%) stage II, stage III in 12 (12.8%), and 7 (7.4%) had stage IV disease. The majority of patients 75 (79.8%) had early-stage (stage I/II), while 19 (20.2%) presented with advanced-stage (III & IV). The median follow-up duration was 52 months (range 1-199 months). Among patients with early-stage (I&II), 3- and 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) was 95%, while for advanced stage (III&IV), PFS was 16% and 8%, respectively. The overall survival (OS) in early-stage I&II was 97%, while for advanced stages III & IV, the OS was 26%. <b>Conclusion</b>  MOC is a challenging and rare subtype of ovarian cancer requiring special attention and recognition. Most patients treated at our center presented with early stages and had excellent outcomes, while advanced-stage disease had dismal results.</p>","PeriodicalId":22053,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Cancer","volume":"12 1","pages":"81-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/85/5a/10-1055-s-0042-1755582.PMC9970748.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9368930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cervical Cancer in Sri Lanka.","authors":"Ahamed Iqbal,&nbsp;Nuradh Joseph","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1764236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1764236","url":null,"abstract":"Sri Lanka is an island nation in SouthAsia,with a population of 22 million people. Nearly 32,000 new cases of cancer are diagnosed each year with an age-standardized incidence rate (ASR) of 126.9 per 100,000 population.1 Cervical cancer is now the fourth commonest cancer among females behind breast, thyroid, and colorectal cancer.1 Its ASRwhich currently stands at 8.3 per 100,000 population has remained relatively stable over the past two decades, although incidence of other cancers has seen a steady rise during this period.1 Sri Lanka’s health system comprises a public funded state health sector which is free at the point of delivery, functioning alongside private health care.2 The preventive care system which provides vaccination and cancer screening is delivered by medical officer of health (MOH) units of the Ministry of Health, separated in geographic subdivisions that each caters to a population of around 60,000 to 100,000 people.3 Curative cancer treatment is provided by 26 cancer units in tertiary care hospitals established throughout the country.2 Sri Lanka adopted a clinical oncology model comprising both medical and radiation oncology in the training of oncologists.2 Postgraduate training in clinical oncology is delivered by the Postgraduate Institute of Medicine of the University of Colombo and spans 5 to 6 years including an overseas fellowship of 1 to 2 years in a center of excellence.2","PeriodicalId":22053,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Cancer","volume":"12 1","pages":"39-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a0/70/10-1055-s-0043-1764236.PMC9966177.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10813464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cervical Cancer in Afganistan.","authors":"Ahmad Javid Safi","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1764157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1764157","url":null,"abstract":"A landlocked andmountainous country locatedwithin South Asia and Central Asia, Afghanistan is bordering China, Pakistan, Iran, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan. Apart from the physical connection with these countries, there lies a deep ethnic connection between Afghanistan and the before-mentioned countries. A country with an estimated population about 32.5 million, Afghanistan is ranked 41st most populous nation around the globe.1 The average age of Afghans is 18.4 years, which shows high growth rate of the population (2.32%). Similarly, studies show a high birth rate of 38.57/100,000 population, and death rate of 13.89 /100,000 population. Altogether these factors contribute to a low life expectancy rate of 51 years.2 Healthcare spent in Afghanistan is nearly 8.5% of the gross domestic product. Suffering from civil war, Afghanistan loses a huge number of its population due to cancer that is much higher than the rates of the loss of lives in the war annually. Cancer is huge burden on the shoulders of the government that needs a perpetual and passionate fight to reduce the cancer incidents in Afghanistan. The main cause of the unavailability of integrated cancer prevention in Afghanistan is the lack of public awareness among the commoners. The masses have no or very little knowledge about the preventive measures of cancer that contributes to the high rates of cancer incidents in Afghanistan. The deficiency of cancer policy and the lack of robust cancer registries at national level is another stumbling block. At the public primary healthcare level, the screening for early detection of breast, cervical, and colorectal and other cancers is not normally accessible. Moreover, there is no standard radiotherapy or chemotherapy and other treatments existing in Afghanistan for which the patients are obliged to travel for these services to the neighboring countries. Although in the past, there existed some cancer facilities (a cancer treatment center was established in the late 60s—within Ali Abad Hospital Kabul), the unfortunate four decades have led to unintended demolition of most cancer treatment facilities.3 In Afghanistan, approximately 20,000 people are diagnosed with cancer annually and 15,000 among these patients die in the same year.4,5 According the report published by the World Health Organization in 2014, the top cancer sites that were diagnosed in our women were breast, stomach, and cervix uteri.1,6 Our age-standardized death rate due to cervical cancer is 7% (https://reliefweb.int/ report/world/ensure-universal-access-sexual-and-reproductive-health-and-reproductive-rights).7 A retrospective cross-sectional study between October 2015 and December 2017 included 1,025 patients—403 (39.3%) male and 622 (60.7%) female.8 The age range was 20 to 70 years. Common cancers in females included those of breast (45.8%), esophagus (12.5%), colorectum (4.8%), ovary (3.8%), and cervix uteri (1.9%). A cancer survey that was conducted by Afghanistan C","PeriodicalId":22053,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Cancer","volume":"12 1","pages":"49-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/28/fa/10-1055-s-0043-1764157.PMC9966164.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10805962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Audio-Visual Training Improves Awareness and Willingness of Cervical Cancer Screening among Healthy Indian Women: Findings from a Survey.","authors":"Priya Ganeshkumar","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1751094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1751094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Priya Ganeshkumar<b>Objectives</b>  We evaluated the impact of a standardized, simple audio-visual (AV) training video developed in regional languages on cervical cancer awareness among apparently healthy women and their willingness to undergo regular cervical cancer screening. <b>Materials and Methods</b>  This cross-sectional noninterventional multicentric survey was conducted in 69 centers across 14 states in India and one center in UAE among women aged between 18 and 88 years attending clinics for a variety of indications. Using a short questionnaire, cervical cancer awareness and willingness to undergo cervical cancer screening were assessed before and after the AV training. <b>Statistical Analysis</b>  In addition to descriptive analysis, improvement in awareness after the AV training was assessed using McNemar's test, and comparison of responses between subgroups was performed using Pearson chi-squared test. <b>Results</b>  The survey was completed by 3,188 apparently healthy women (mean age: 36.8 ± 11.3 years). Before AV training, correct answers were given to only 4/6 questions by majority of the participants; most participants were unaware about the main cause of cervical cancer (1,637/3,188, 51.4%), availability of cervical cancer screening tests (1,601/3,188, 50.2%), and cervical cancer vaccines (1,742/3,188, 54.6%). Only 576 women (18.1%) had undergone cervical cancer screening in the past. After the AV training, the proportion of women correctly responding to all six questions improved significantly (p < 0.05), and 84.4% (2691/3188) women showed willingness to undergo periodic cervical cancer screening. Compared to unmarried and professional women, although married women and home-makers had lower awareness scores, the latter subgroups had more often undergone previous cervical cancer screening. <b>Conclusion</b>  It is possible to improve cervical cancer awareness among healthy women, and to enhance their willingness to undergo regular cervical cancer screening tests using a simple, six minute-long, standardized AV training material.</p>","PeriodicalId":22053,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Cancer","volume":"12 1","pages":"23-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/10/f1/10-1055-s-0042-1751094.PMC9966178.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10813465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Status of Cervical Cancer Prevention and Screening in Myanmar.","authors":"Myint Myint Thinn,&nbsp;Soe Aung,&nbsp;Aye Aung,&nbsp;Nwe Mar Tun","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1764212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1764212","url":null,"abstract":"In Myanmar, the cervical cancer burden is still noticeably high, and it is still a leading cause of cancer-related deaths among Myanmar women. According to the GLOBOCAN 2020,1 age-standardized incidence of cervical cancer in Myanmar was 22.6/100,000 women, whereas it was 14.5/100,000 for mortality. It was said to be the first most common female cancer. However, according to executive report of Yangon PBCR,2 age-standardized incidence was 19.5/100,000 in 2018 for Yangon region. Naypyidaw PBCR report of 5 consecutive years from 2013 to 2017 stated that age-standardized rate (ASR) was 14.1/100,000, and it is the eighth leading cause of cancer death in both sexes combined and the fourth in female.3 According to hospital statistics, cervical cancer is the second most common female cancer after breast cancer.4 Myanmar was selected as one of the countries for United Nations Global Joint Program (UNGJP) for cervical cancer prevention and control since 2017. With the technical assistance of UNGJP,Myanmar tries to improve all the three pillars of cervical cancer prevention, that is, primary, secondary, and tertiary preventions, as well as development of palliative care centers and population-based cancer registries. As for primary prevention, human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination was first introduced in Expanded Programme of Immunization (EPI) program as 13th new vaccine for 9-yearold girls as a single age cohort since 2020. First dose of HPV vaccine was planned to be introduced in 2020 with both school-based and community-based strategies. For secondary prevention, guidelines for screening and treatment of cervical precancer in public health care facilities were published and launched in 2018. In this guideline, hybrid approach based on both HPV DNA and visual inspectionwith acetic acid (VIA) testing is adopted. Since 70% of the eligible population resides in the rural areas, VIA testing is not feasible to apply for those regions with limited human resource. HPV DNA testing with self-collected samples is planned to be used in rural areas. In urban and suburban areas where there are enough health care personnels who can performVIA testing, the primary screening test would be with VIA. HPV testing is aimed to be used for the whole country when enough resources are available. In community setting, screening age is 30 to 49 years, while in hospital setting, up to 65 years are screenedmainlywith cytology and HPV tests if it is readily available. Treatment of the screen-positive women is mainly by the ablative method for both VIA and HPV testing in community settings. Thermal coagulation is the preferred ablative treatment after visual assessment test (VAT) in HPV-based screening. Here, ablation of the whole transformation zone even without obvious lesion after VAT is also offered after thorough counseling for those women from remote areas who prefer less frequent visits. Precancerous lesions which are not eligible for ablative treatment or suspicious of cance","PeriodicalId":22053,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Cancer","volume":"12 1","pages":"47-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a3/f3/10-1055-s-0043-1764212.PMC9966159.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10813462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}