South Asian Journal of Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Low-Compared with High-Dose Regimen of Induction Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Andree Kurniawan, Rahmat Cahyanur, Angela Giselvania, Angeline Tancherla, Felix Wijovi, Devina Adella Halim, Chandra Sari, Devi Astri Rivera Amelia, Deden Djatnika, Muhammad Arman Nasution, Nia Novianti Siregar, Ni Putu Merlynda Pusvita Dewi, Muhammad Nanda Noor, Nugraheny Prasasti Purlikasari, Julfreser Sinurat, Galuh Chandra Kirana Sugianto, Yohana Sitompul, Robby Kurniawan, Beta Agustia Wisman, Faisal Syarifuddin, Ardi Ardian","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1789273","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1789273","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>International recommendation supports induction chemotherapy (IC) followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) as a new standard of care for locally advanced nasopharyngeal cancer (LA-NPC) which give a survival benefit. TPF is one of the IC regimens which consists of docetaxel (75 mg/m ² , 1 hour infusion), cisplatin (75 mg/m ² , 0.5-3 hours), and 5-fluorouracil (600 mg/m ² , 4 days). Previous retrospective study in Chinese population reported low-dose TPF (L-TPF), consists of docetaxel (60 mg/m ² ), cisplatin (65 mg/m ² ), and then 5-fluorouracil (550 mg/m ² /d; 5 days), showed better tolerance and compliance rates, with similar efficacy to high-dose TPF (H-TPF). Thus, we aim to evaluate the current evidence of the effect of L-TPF compared with H-TPF on survival and tolerance as IC in LA-NPC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected from PubMed, PubMed Central, and Science Direct, using combinations of keywords related to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) or IC, TPF dose regimen, and LA-NPC. The included studies investigated the efficacy and toxicity of IC with a TPF regimen. The quality of each included study was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for cohort studies and the JADAD scale for randomized controlled trial (RCT). Only moderate- and good-quality studies were further evaluated in the meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of six studies consisting of 509 NAC patients were included. All the studies evaluated overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Quantitative analysis showed that L-TPF + CCRT significantly showed good OS (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.50; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.33-0.76; <i>p</i>  = 0.001) but not PFS (HR = 0.45; 95% CI, 0.16-1.25; <i>p</i>  = 0.13). Common chemotoxicities that were found in both groups were neutropenia and anemia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>L-TPF IC had a significant positive effect on the survival of LA-NPC patients. Further, larger multicenter RCT studies are needed to focus on evaluating the optimal TPF regimen dose in LA-NPC.</p>","PeriodicalId":22053,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Cancer","volume":"14 2","pages":"378-385"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12714482/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145805520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-World Experience of First-Line Osimertinib in EGFR Mutated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers from a Tertiary Cancer Center, India.","authors":"Atul Tiwari, Ajay Kumar Singh, Vanita Noronha, Vijay M Patil, Nandini Menon, Minit J Shah, Darshit Shah, Kunal Jobanputra, Mehak Trikha, Ahmad Ubharay, Shashikant Yadav, Anuradha Majumdar, Pratik Chandrani, Rajiv K Kumar, Trupti Pai, Amit Janu, Nilendu Purandare, Kumar Prabhash","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1777726","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0043-1777726","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Osimertinib is approved in the first line in patients with mutations in the sensitive gene epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation. There is lack of real-world evidence to illustrate the effectiveness and safety of osimertinib that can reflect the current medical practice especially in resource-constrained setting. A total of 129 patients with histology-proven metastatic non-small cell lung cancer with EGFR mutation registered at Tata Memorial Hospital between from March 2018 and May 2023 were analyzed. The parameters studied included demographics, outcomes, safety analysis, and secondary mutations. Most common EGFR mutation was exon 19 deletion 58.9% followed by EGFR exon 21 L858R 39.5% and others 1.5%. The overall median progression-free survival was 21.9 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 16.0-58.1) and median overall survival was 31 months (95% CI: 17.8-45). The median duration of response was 21.3 months (95% CI: 17.1-25.5). Of 129 patients, 77.5% had partial response (PR), 10.1% had stable disease (SD), and 6.2% patients had progressive disease (PD) as the first best response with overall disease control rate was 87.2%. In patients with baseline central nervous system disease, 8.9% had complete response, 75.5% had PR and 8.9% had SD, and 2.2% had PD as best response. The overall intracranial response rate was 84.4% and disease control was 93.3%. Skin toxicities (27.1%) and gastrointestinal toxicities (17%) were most frequently observed toxicities. Overall, 63 patients had progression of disease on osimertinib. Subsequently, 58.7% ( <i>n</i>  = 37) patients received second line of therapy and 27% ( <i>n</i>  = 17) patients received third line of therapy. Platinum-based combination chemotherapy was the most common subsequent treatment after progression on osimertinib. Repeat biopsy was done in 33 patients (52.3%) and next-generation sequencing was done in 30 patients (47.6%). The most common resistance alteration detected was TP53 in 30% cases followed by mesenchymal epithelial transition (MET) amplification which was seen in 20% cases. Our study confirms similar efficacy and safety of osimertinib as first-line treatment of mutated non-small cell lung cancer in real-world setting irrespective of the type of common EGFR mutation and similar intracranial activity as well.</p>","PeriodicalId":22053,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Cancer","volume":"14 4","pages":"785-790"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12747758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145865351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revolutionizing Cervical Cancer Screening: Self-Vaginal Sampling for Human Papillomavirus Detection.","authors":"Bhagyashri R Patil-Takbhate, Swati D Bhakare","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1789274","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1789274","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Self-vaginal sampling (SVS) is a promising tool for cervical cancer prevention, offering a convenient and cost-effective alternative to traditional screening. With an 80% lifetime risk of HPV infection among women, SVS improves accessibility, particularly for marginalized communities and older women who are often excluded from routine screening. It reduces discomfort, empowers self-care, and provides insights into the vaginal microbiome, aiding in the detection of pathogens beyond HPV. However, challenges such as loss to follow-up, sampling errors, and misconceptions persist. Despite these hurdles, SVS remains a vital strategy for increasing screening participation and reducing cervical cancer disparities.</p>","PeriodicalId":22053,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Cancer","volume":"14 1","pages":"67-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11925614/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Diagnosis of Gall Bladder Cancer: An Appeal.","authors":"Vinay K Kapoor, Ajay Sharma, Hemant Malhotra, Neha Sethi, Nikhil Bansal, Raj G Sharma, Subhash Nepalia, Vivek A Saraswat","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1789277","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1789277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A team of gastroenterologists, oncologists, pathologists, radiologists, and surgeons from a university teaching hospital in western India make an appeal, through the Journal, to the statutory bodies and the scientific societies related to surgery, oncology, gastroenterology, radiology, and pathology for considering measures, which, if implemented, can help in early diagnosis of gallbladder cancer, the most common nongender organ cancer in women in some parts of India.</p>","PeriodicalId":22053,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Cancer","volume":"14 2","pages":"228-231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12714479/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145805342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Low-Dose Nivolumab in Treatment of Advanced Solid Tumors: A Retrospective Audit from Resource-Constrained Settings.","authors":"Amit Kumar, Akhil Kapoor, Vanita Noronha, Vijay M Patil, Amit Joshi, Nandini Menon, Amit Janu, Abhishek Mahajan, Akhil Rajendra, Amit Agarawal, Satvik Khaddar, Anu Rajpurohit, Lakhan Kashyap, Anne Srikant, Gautam Panda, Kishore Kumar Kota, Vikas Talreja, Kumar Prabhash","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1788649","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1788649","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Immunotherapy has improved outcomes in many advanced solid tumors. In resource-constrained settings, less than 2% of patients can afford standard dose immunotherapy. A recent phase II study showed the efficacy of low-dose immunotherapy in this setting. We used low-dose immunotherapy on a compassionate basis in patients who had progressed on available standard treatment options and standard dose immunotherapy was not feasible.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We retrospectively collected data from the medical oncology department for consecutive patients who had initially received standard lines of therapy followed by low-dose immunotherapy (nivolumab 40 mg) on a compassionate basis. The demographic details, histology, prior treatment, clinical and radiological response, date of disease progression, date of death, and toxicity data were collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 54 consecutive patients, who received low-dose immunotherapy with nivolumab from January 1, 2018 to February 14, 2020, were included in this analysis; 4 patients were not radiologically evaluable. The median age was 50.4 years (range 35-74 years), male:female ratio was 6:1. The most common comorbidities were hypertension and diabetes seen in 12 (22.2%) and 6 (11.1%) patients, respectively. The majority of the patients (70.4%) were of head and neck cancer. The median follow-up was 4.5 months (range 0.5-11.7). Clinical benefit was observed in 18 (33.3%) patients. Partial response and stable disease were achieved in 9 (16.7%) and 5 (9.3%) patients, respectively. Median survival was not reached for these patients. Six months progression-free survival and overall survival were 100 versus 8.7% (hazard ratio [HR] 0.05, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.01-0.36; <i>p</i>  = 0.003) and 100 versus 29.7% (HR 0.03, 95% CI: 0.00-0.95; <i>p</i>  = 0.047), respectively, for responders and nonresponders. The side effects were manageable.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In resource-constrained settings, low-dose immunotherapy with nivolumab seems to be an effective treatment option. Further studies are warranted to evaluate this approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":22053,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Cancer","volume":"14 1","pages":"70-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11925618/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Applicability of Tumor Budding and Poorly Differentiated Clusters as Additional Prognostic Markers in Colorectal Cancers.","authors":"Sagarika Sarkar, Rena Guha, Sudipta Chakrabarti","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1788050","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1788050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Very few studies have assessed tumor budding (TB) and poorly differentiated cell clusters (PDCs) simultaneously in colorectal cancers (CRCs). The goal of this study was to establish a correlation between these two pertinent histological features and to reinforce the importance of their incorporation in routine histopathological reporting of CRC cases as a means to predict clinical outcome.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Resection specimens of colorectal carcinoma were included in the study. Patients who received presurgical therapy, or refused consent were excluded. PDC and TB were evaluated in routine hematoxylin and eosin-stained histopathological sections taken from the advancing edge of the tumor. TB and PDC were reported by selecting a \"hotspot\" chosen after review of all available slides with invasive tumor. It was then followed by their correlation with other known prognostic factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Spearman's rho calculator for strength of association between TB and PDC as well as association of TB and PDC individually with known prognostic factors revealed statistical significance. Correlation of TB and PDC with histologic grade, primary tumor (pT), and regional lymph node (pN) stage was done based on one-way analysis of variance calculator, which yielded statistically significant results.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Evaluation of these two histological parameters in the same hotspot field at the tumor invasive front plays a fundamental role in the definition of cancer aggressiveness and prediction of tumor behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":22053,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Cancer","volume":"13 4","pages":"315-319"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11888805/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Induction versus Adjuvant Chemotherapy Combined with Concurrent Chemoradiation: What Is Beneficial in Locally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma-A 5-Year Comparative Study at a Tertiary Care Center in North India.","authors":"Kaneez Fatima, Asifa Andleeb, Shahida Nasreen, Mushtaq Ahmad Sofi, Ulfat Ara Wani, Malik Tariq Rasool, Arshad Manzoor Najmi, Shaqul Qamar, Nazir Ahmad, Rubiya Ryhan","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1787712","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1787712","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In locally advanced nasopharyngeal cancer (LANPC), concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) has been established as the current standard of care, but recently, the addition of induction chemotherapy to CCRT has presented an attractive multidisciplinary approach.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the study was to explore the clinical outcome of induction chemotherapy (IC) followed by CCRT and CCRT followed by adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) in LANPC.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In this propensity score-matched retrospective cohort study, we enrolled LANPC patients from October 2016 to June 2022. Study variables were evenly distributed by propensity score matching. Independent prognostic factors were identified using Cox regression analysis, and the outcome between the two chemotherapy treatment combinations was compared for patients in different subgroups.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>A total of 80 patients were included in the study. Survival outcomes indicated that the IC followed by CCRT group (IC + CCRT) achieved a higher 5-year overall survival (OS; 90 vs. 81%, <i>p</i>  = 0.253), failure-free survival (FFS; 80 vs. 77.50%, <i>p</i>  = 0.17), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS; 88 vs. 82.50%, <i>p</i>  = 0.314) compared with the CCRT followed by AC group (CCRT + AC), although it was not statistically significant. The stratified analysis revealed that IC followed by CCRT (IC + CCRT) was associated with significantly improved OS (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.212; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.014-3.16; <i>p</i>  = 0.0026) in N2 disease. However, the superiority of CCRT followed by AC (CCRT + AC) was only observed in LRRFS (HR = 0.45; 95% CI = 0.05-0.89; <i>p</i>  = 0.036) for the T4 subgroup.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In patients with LANPC, especially with T3 or N2 disease, IC should be strongly considered followed by CCRT.</p>","PeriodicalId":22053,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Cancer","volume":"14 2","pages":"386-396"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12714473/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145805408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oncological Safety and Feasibility of Posterior Marginal Mandibulectomy vis-à-vis Anterior Marginal Mandibulectomy in Oral Cancers.","authors":"Sudhir Nair, Hitesh R Singhavi, Kamal Deep Joshi, Rathan Shetty, Poonam Joshi, Sarbani Ghosh Lashkar, Pankaj Chaturvedi","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1787291","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1787291","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The surgical management of retromolar trigone cancer (RTC) is an area of contention regarding the extent of bony resection. We aim to evaluate the oncological safety and feasibility of posterior marginal mandibulectomy (PMM) for RTC. We analyzed the clinical records of 98 patients with squamous cell carcinoma managed surgically using marginal mandibulectomy during 2014 to 2017, in which anterior segment mandibulectomy (AMM) and PMM were done in 56 and 42 patients, respectively. The median follow-up time was 44.4 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 42.3, 49.5) and the overall survival rate was 93.9% (95% CI 89.4-98.8%). The local recurrence rate was 19.6 and 18.3 % in PMM and AMM ( <i>p</i>  = 0.854). In the PMM group, osteoradionecrosis (ORN) was detected in two patients (4.3%) and fractures in one (2.1%) patient, while the AMM group neither had fracture nor ORN till the latest follow-up. The study results suggest that PMM is an oncological safe and adequate procedure for RTC.</p>","PeriodicalId":22053,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Cancer","volume":"14 2","pages":"319-323"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12714457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145805515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectrum of Resistance Mechanisms to ALK TKIs in NSCLC: Largest Single-Center Experience from India.","authors":"Ullas Batra, Shrinidhi Nathany, Mansi Sharma, Amrith B P, Shriya Vaidya, Sakshi Mattoo, Dushyant Kumar, Anurag Mehta","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1787063","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1787063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearranged non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) has emerged as a distinct entity with growing number of potent ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Despite showing durable responses and promising survival rates, resistance to these ensue. This is the largest series of repeat biopsies from patients of ALK-positive NSCLC progressing on ALK-directed therapy from this part of the world. Using a combinatorial approach of genomics and histology, we describe the spectrum of various resistance mechanisms encountered.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional study recruiting ALK-positive NSCLC cases who have progressed on any line ALK TKI and have undergone repeated biopsies followed by genomic sequencing by next-generation sequencing (NGS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-two ALK-positive NSCLC patients progressed on TKI were enrolled. Median age was 53 years (range: 36-75 years) with a male predilection (male:female 1.3:1). Twenty-seven (84.4%) cases harbored an additional resistance mechanism. Eighteen of these harbored an on-target ALK alteration, with L1196M gatekeeper mutation being the most common, in 11 cases, and G1202 alteration in 3 cases. In 9 cases an off-target alteration was detected, the most frequent being TP53 mutation in 8 cases, KRAS mutation in 4 cases and MET amplification in 3 cases. Four patients underwent sequential NGS testing and allele frequency changes in ALK fusion and resistance mechanisms were demonstrated. Sixteen patients have been offered lorlatinib therapy, the median progression-free survival of which has not yet been reached.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the largest series depicting ALK resistance mechanisms from a single center to date. The SPACEWALK study which demonstrated ALK TKI resistance mechanisms using plasma-based genotyping was a multicentric study. The spectrum encountered in this study is distinct from the rest of the world, thus highlighting heterogeneity within ALK-rearranged tumors. Comprehensive clinical evaluation at disease progression coupled with NGS-based genotyping will pave the way for lucid understanding of disease biology, thus aiding in the institution of optimal therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":22053,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Cancer","volume":"14 4","pages":"804-809"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12747733/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145865366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Active Tuberculosis Risk Associated with Malignancies: A 4-Year Retrospective Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital.","authors":"Priyamvada Roy, Kiran Bala, Jaya Biswas, Javed Ahmed, Raunak Bir, Vishwanath Yadav, Ashit Xess, Sanjana Kumari, Prabhat Singh Malik, S V S Deo, Atul Batra, Atul Sharma, Urvashi B Singh","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1786363","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1786363","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) remains an important public health problem worldwide. Risk of acquiring TB in patients diagnosed with cancers remains high and can result due to reactivation or reinfection. We share the experience in a large tertiary care hospital.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Clinical samples from presumptive TB patients while on cancer therapy were tested by smear Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining, GeneXpert MTB/RIF (Gx), TB polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and liquid culture (MGIT 960) from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2022.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis: </strong>Stata 14.0 software was used for statistical analysis. The <i>p</i> -value calculation was done by Pearson's chi-square test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 906 patients investigated, 42 (4.64%) tested positive for TB. Seven (1.37%) tested positive by ZN staining, 10 patients (6%) had culture positive by MGIT, 20 (10.53%) and 5 (13.51%) samples were positive by Gx and PCR, respectively. Maximum number of TB-positive patients were found to be suffering from carcinoma lung (28%) followed by leukemia (25%), gastrointestinal cancer (13%), and genitourinary cancer (13%), respectively. Seven of the 42 patients succumbed to the disease; the cases belonged to Hodgkin's lymphoma (75% mortality), leukemia (30% mortality), and genitourinary cancer (20% mortality).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The incidence of active TB is high in cancer patients, especially lung cancer, leukemia, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary cancers. Mortality was high in Hodgkin's lymphoma patients who developed TB. Screening for TB at the time of diagnosis of a high TB risk cancer would help initiate early treatment. We recommend targeted screening for TB in patients with these high-risk cancers, at the time of diagnosis and periodically through cancer treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":22053,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Cancer","volume":"14 4","pages":"771-776"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12747770/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145865653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}