Studies in Mycology最新文献_第6页

101 Dothideomycetes genomes: A test case for predicting lifestyles and emergence of pathogens dothideomytes基因组:预测生活方式和病原体出现的测试案例

IF 16.5 1区生物学

Studies in Mycology Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.simyco.2020.01.003

S. Haridas , R. Albert , M. Binder , J. Bloem , K. LaButti , A. Salamov , B. Andreopoulos , S.E. Baker , K. Barry , G. Bills , B.H. Bluhm , C. Cannon , R. Castanera , D.E. Culley , C. Daum , D. Ezra , J.B. González , B. Henrissat , A. Kuo , C. Liang , I.V. Grigoriev

{"title":"101 Dothideomycetes genomes: A test case for predicting lifestyles and emergence of pathogens","authors":"S. Haridas , R. Albert , M. Binder , J. Bloem , K. LaButti , A. Salamov , B. Andreopoulos , S.E. Baker , K. Barry , G. Bills , B.H. Bluhm , C. Cannon , R. Castanera , D.E. Culley , C. Daum , D. Ezra , J.B. González , B. Henrissat , A. Kuo , C. Liang , I.V. Grigoriev","doi":"10.1016/j.simyco.2020.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.simyco.2020.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Dothideomycetes is the largest class of kingdom Fungi and comprises an incredible diversity of lifestyles, many of which have evolved multiple times. Plant pathogens represent a major ecological niche of the class Dothideomycetes and they are known to infect most major food crops and feedstocks for biomass and biofuel production. Studying the ecology and evolution of Dothideomycetes has significant implications for our fundamental understanding of fungal evolution, their adaptation to stress and host specificity, and practical implications with regard to the effects of climate change and on the food, feed, and livestock elements of the agro-economy. In this study, we present the first large-scale, whole-genome comparison of 101 Dothideomycetes introducing 55 newly sequenced species. The availability of whole-genome data produced a high-confidence phylogeny leading to reclassification of 25 organisms, provided a clearer picture of the relationships among the various families, and indicated that pathogenicity evolved multiple times within this class. We also identified gene family expansions and contractions across the Dothideomycetes phylogeny linked to ecological niches providing insights into genome evolution and adaptation across this group. Using machine-learning methods we classified fungi into lifestyle classes with >95 % accuracy and identified a small number of gene families that positively correlated with these distinctions. This can become a valuable tool for genome-based prediction of species lifestyle, especially for rarely seen and poorly studied species.</div>","PeriodicalId":22036,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Mycology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Pages 141-153"},"PeriodicalIF":16.5,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.simyco.2020.01.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37766338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 112

Revisiting Metarhizium and the description of new species from Thailand 泰国绿僵菌及其新种描述

IF 16.5 1区生物学

Studies in Mycology Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.simyco.2020.04.001

S. Mongkolsamrit , A. Khonsanit , D. Thanakitpipattana , K. Tasanathai , W. Noisripoom , S. Lamlertthon , W. Himaman , J. Houbraken , R.A. Samson , J. Luangsa-ard

{"title":"Revisiting Metarhizium and the description of new species from Thailand","authors":"S. Mongkolsamrit , A. Khonsanit , D. Thanakitpipattana , K. Tasanathai , W. Noisripoom , S. Lamlertthon , W. Himaman , J. Houbraken , R.A. Samson , J. Luangsa-ard","doi":"10.1016/j.simyco.2020.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.simyco.2020.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Over the last two decades the molecular phylogeny and classification of Metarhizium has been widely studied. Despite these efforts to understand this enigmatic genus, the basal lineages in Metarhizium are still poorly resolved. In this study, a phylogenetic framework is reconstructed for the Clavicipitaceae focusing on Metarhizium through increased taxon-sampling using five genomic loci (SSU, LSU, tef, rpb1, rpb2) and the barcode marker ITS rDNA. Multi-gene phylogenetic analyses and morphological characterisation of green-spored entomopathogenic Metarhizium isolates from Thailand and soil isolates of M. carneum and M. marquandii reveal their ecological, genetic and species diversity. Nineteen new species are recognised in the Metarhizium clade with narrow host ranges: two new species are found in the M. anisopliae complex – M. clavatum on Coleoptera larvae and M. sulphureum on Lepidoptera larvae; four new species are found in the M. flavoviride complex – M. biotecense and M. fusoideum on brown plant hoppers (Hemiptera), M. culicidarum on mosquitoes, M. nornnoi on Lepidoptera larvae; three new species M. megapomponiae, M. cicadae, M. niveum occur on cicadas; five new species M. candelabrum, M. cercopidarum, M. ellipsoideum, M. huainamdangense M. ovoidosporum occur on planthoppers, leafhoppers and froghoppers (Hemiptera); one new species M. eburneum on Lepidoptera pupae; and four new species M. phuwiangense, M. purpureum, M. purpureonigrum, M. flavum on Coleoptera. Of these 19 new species, seven produce a sexual morph (M. clavatum, M. eburneum, M. flavum, M. phuwiangense, M. purpureonigrum, M. purpureum, and M. sulphureum) and asexual morphs are found in the remaining new species and also in M. sulphureum, M. purpureonigrum and M. purpureum. Metarhizium blattodeae, M. koreanum and M. viridulum are new records for Thailand. An alternative neotype for Metarhizium anisopliae is proposed based on multi-gene and 5′tef analyses showing that CBS 130.71 from Ukraine is more suitable, being from a much closer geographical location to Metchnikoff’s Metarhizium anisopliae. This isolate is distinct from the neotype of Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae proposed by M. Tulloch from Ethiopia (ARSEF 7487). Six new genera are established for monophyletic clades subtending the core Metarhizium clade, including Keithomyces, Marquandomyces, Papiliomyces, Purpureomyces, Sungia, and Yosiokobayasia. Metarhizium carneum, M. aciculare, and M. neogunnii are combined in Keithomyces and one new combination for M. marquandii in Marquandomyces is proposed. <em","PeriodicalId":22036,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Mycology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Pages 171-251"},"PeriodicalIF":16.5,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.simyco.2020.04.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38318130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 56

Evolution of lifestyles in Capnodiales Capnodiales的生活方式进化

IF 16.5 1区生物学

Studies in Mycology Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.simyco.2020.02.004

J. Abdollahzadeh , J.Z. Groenewald , M.P.A. Coetzee , M.J. Wingfield , P.W. Crous

{"title":"Evolution of lifestyles in Capnodiales","authors":"J. Abdollahzadeh , J.Z. Groenewald , M.P.A. Coetzee , M.J. Wingfield , P.W. Crous","doi":"10.1016/j.simyco.2020.02.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.simyco.2020.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The Capnodiales, which includes fungi known as the sooty moulds, represents the second largest order in Dothideomycetes, encompassing morphologically and ecologically diverse fungi with different lifestyles and modes of nutrition. They include saprobes, plant and human pathogens, mycoparasites, rock-inhabiting fungi (RIF), lichenised, epi-, ecto- and endophytes. The aim of this study was to elucidate the lifestyles and evolutionary patterns of the Capnodiales as well as to reconsider their phylogeny by including numerous new collections of sooty moulds, and using four nuclear loci, LSU, ITS, TEF-1α and RPB2. Based on the phylogenetic results, combined with morphology and ecology, Capnodiales s. lat. is shown to be polyphyletic, representing seven different orders. The sooty moulds are restricted to Capnodiales s. str., while Mycosphaerellales is resurrected, and five new orders including Cladosporiales, Comminutisporales, Neophaeothecales, Phaeothecales and Racodiales are introduced. Four families, three genera, 21 species and five combinations are introduced as new. Furthermore, ancestral reconstruction analysis revealed that the saprobic lifestyle is a primitive state in Capnodiales s. lat., and that several transitions have occurred to evolve lichenised, plant and human parasitic, ectophytic (sooty blotch and flyspeck) and more recently epiphytic (sooty mould) lifestyles.</div>","PeriodicalId":22036,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Mycology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Pages 381-414"},"PeriodicalIF":16.5,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.simyco.2020.02.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38318638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 66

Mollisiaceae: An overlooked lineage of diverse endophytes 软体植物科:一个被忽视的多种内生植物谱系

IF 16.5 1区生物学

Studies in Mycology Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.simyco.2020.02.005

J.B. Tanney , K.A. Seifert

{"title":"Mollisiaceae: An overlooked lineage of diverse endophytes","authors":"J.B. Tanney , K.A. Seifert","doi":"10.1016/j.simyco.2020.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.simyco.2020.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Mollisia is a taxonomically neglected discomycete genus (Helotiales, Leotiomycetes) of commonly encountered saprotrophs on decaying plant tissues throughout temperate regions. The combination of indistinct morphological characters, more than 700 names in the literature, and lack of reference DNA sequences presents a major challenge when working with Mollisia. Unidentified endophytes, including strains that produced antifungal or antiinsectan secondary metabolites, were isolated from conifer needles in New Brunswick and placed with uncertainty in Phialocephala and Mollisia, necessitating a more comprehensive treatment of these genera. In this study, morphology and multigene phylogenetic analyses were used to explore the taxonomy of Mollisiaceae, including Mollisia, Phialocephala, and related genera, using new field collections, herbarium specimens, and accessioned cultures and sequences. The phylogeny of Mollisiaceae was reconstructed and compared using the nuc internal transcribed spacer rDNA (ITS) barcode and partial sequences of the 28S nuc rDNA (LSU) gene, largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB1), DNA topoisomerase I (TOP1), and the hypothetical protein Lipin/Ned1/Smp2 (LNS2). The results show that endophytism is common throughout the Mollisiaceae lineage in a diverse range of hosts but is infrequently attributed to Mollisia because of a paucity of reference sequences. Generic boundaries within Mollisiaceae are poorly resolved and based on phylogenetic evidence the family included species placed in Acephala, Acidomelania, Barrenia, Bispora, Cheirospora, Cystodendron, Fuscosclera, Hysteronaevia, Loramyces, Mollisia, Neopyrenopeziza, Obtectodiscus, Ombrophila, Patellariopsis, Phialocephala, Pulvinata, Tapesia (=Mollisia), and Trimmatostroma. Taxonomic novelties included the description of five novel Mollisia species and five novel Phialocephala species and the synonymy of Fuscosclera with Phialocephala, Acidomelania with Mollisia, and Loramycetaceae with Mollisiaceae.</div>","PeriodicalId":22036,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Mycology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Pages 293-380"},"PeriodicalIF":16.5,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.simyco.2020.02.005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38318132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

New insights into the systematics of Bactrodesmium and its allies and introducing new genera, species and morphological patterns in the Pleurotheciales and Savoryellales (Sordariomycetes) 小芽孢菌及其亲缘菌的系统学新认识，以及胸膜菌门和咸味菌门(Sordariomycetes)新属、新种和新形态的引入

IF 16.5 1区生物学

Studies in Mycology Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.simyco.2020.02.002

Martina Réblová , Margarita Hernández-Restrepo , Jacques Fournier , Jana Nekvindová

{"title":"New insights into the systematics of Bactrodesmium and its allies and introducing new genera, species and morphological patterns in the Pleurotheciales and Savoryellales (Sordariomycetes)","authors":"Martina Réblová , Margarita Hernández-Restrepo , Jacques Fournier , Jana Nekvindová","doi":"10.1016/j.simyco.2020.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.simyco.2020.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The newly discovered systematic placement of Bactrodesmium abruptum, the lectotype species of the genus, prompted a re-evaluation of the traditionally broadly conceived genus Bactrodesmium. Fresh material, axenic cultures and new DNA sequence data of five gene regions of six species, i.e. B. abruptum, B. diversum, B. leptopus, B. obovatum, B. pallidum and B. spilomeum, were studied. Bactrodesmium is a strongly resolved lineage in the Savoryellales (Sordariomycetes), supported by Bayesian and Maximum Likelihood methods. The genus Bactrodesmium is emended and delimited to hyphomycetes characterised by sporodochial conidiomata, mononematous often fasciculate conidiophores, holoblastic conidiogenesis and acrogenous, solitary, dry, pigmented, transversely or rarely longitudinally septate conidia. The conidia are seceding rhexolytically, exhibiting multiple secession patterns. An identification key to 35 species accepted in Bactrodesmium is given, providing the most important diagnostic characters. Novel DNA sequence data of B. longisporum and B. stilboideum confirmed their placement in the Sclerococcales (Eurotiomycetes). For other Bactrodesmium, molecular data are available for B. cubense and B. gabretae, which position them in the Dothideomycetes and Leotiomycetes, respectively. All four species are excluded from Bactrodesmium and segregated into new genera, Aphanodesmium, Gamsomyces and Kaseifertia. Classification of 20 other species and varieties not recognised in the genus is discussed. Based on new collections of Dematiosporium aquaticum, the type species of Dematiosporium, the genus is emended to accommodate monodictys-like freshwater lignicolous fungi of the Savoryellales characterised by effuse colonies, holoblastic conidiogenous cells and dictyosporous, pigmented conidia with a pore in each cell. Study of additional new collections, cultures and DNA sequence data revealed several unknown species, which are proposed as taxonomic novelties in the Savoryellales and closely related Pleurotheciales. Ascotaiwania latericolla, Helicoascotaiwania lacustris and Pleurotheciella erumpens are described from terrestrial, lentic and lotic habitats from New Zealand and France, respectively. New combinations are proposed for Helicoascotaiwania farinosa and Neoascotaiwania fusiformis. Relationships and systematics of the Savoryellales are discussed in the light of recent phylogenies and morphological patterns newly linked with the order through cultural studies.</div>","PeriodicalId":22036,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Mycology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Pages 415-466"},"PeriodicalIF":16.5,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.simyco.2020.02.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38318639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

Classification of Aspergillus, Penicillium, Talaromyces and related genera (Eurotiales): An overview of families, genera, subgenera, sections, series and species 曲霉、青霉、Talaromyces及其相关属(Eurotiales)的分类:科、属、亚属、科、系和种概述。

IF 16.5 1区生物学

Studies in Mycology Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.simyco.2020.05.002

J. Houbraken , S. Kocsubé , C.M. Visagie , N. Yilmaz , X.-C. Wang , M. Meijer , B. Kraak , V. Hubka , K. Bensch , R.A. Samson , J.C. Frisvad

{"title":"Classification of Aspergillus, Penicillium, Talaromyces and related genera (Eurotiales): An overview of families, genera, subgenera, sections, series and species","authors":"J. Houbraken , S. Kocsubé , C.M. Visagie , N. Yilmaz , X.-C. Wang , M. Meijer , B. Kraak , V. Hubka , K. Bensch , R.A. Samson , J.C. Frisvad","doi":"10.1016/j.simyco.2020.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.simyco.2020.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The Eurotiales is a relatively large order of Ascomycetes with members frequently having positive and negative impact on human activities. Species within this order gain attention from various research fields such as food, indoor and medical mycology and biotechnology. In this article we give an overview of families and genera present in the Eurotiales and introduce an updated subgeneric, sectional and series classification for Aspergillus and Penicillium. Finally, a comprehensive list of accepted species in the Eurotiales is given. The classification of the Eurotiales at family and genus level is traditionally based on phenotypic characters, and this classification has since been challenged using sequence-based approaches. Here, we re-evaluated the relationships between families and genera of the Eurotiales using a nine-gene sequence dataset. Based on this analysis, the new family Penicillaginaceae is introduced and four known families are accepted: Aspergillaceae, Elaphomycetaceae, Thermoascaceae and Trichocomaceae. The Eurotiales includes 28 genera: 15 genera are accommodated in the Aspergillaceae (Aspergillago, Aspergillus, Evansstolkia, Hamigera, Leiothecium, Monascus, Penicilliopsis, Penicillium, Phialomyces, Pseudohamigera, Pseudopenicillium, Sclerocleista, Warcupiella, Xerochrysium and Xeromyces), eight in the Trichocomaceae (Acidotalaromyces, Ascospirella, Dendrosphaera, Rasamsonia, Sagenomella, Talaromyces, Thermomyces, Trichocoma), two in the Thermoascaceae (Paecilomyces, Thermoascus) and one in the Penicillaginaceae (Penicillago). The classification of the Elaphomycetaceae was not part of this study, but according to literature two genera are present in this family (Elaphomyces and Pseudotulostoma). The use of an infrageneric classification system has a long tradition in Aspergillus and Penicillium. Most recent taxonomic studies focused on the sectional level, resulting in a well-established sectional classification in these genera. In contrast, a series classification in Aspergillus and Penicillium is often outdated or lacking, but is still relevant, e.g., the allocation of a species to a series can be highly predictive in what functional characters the species might have and might be useful when using a phenotype-based identification. The majority of the series in Aspergillus and Penicillium are invalidly described and here we introduce a new series classification. Using a phylogenetic approach, often supported by phenotypic, physiologic and/or ext","PeriodicalId":22036,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Mycology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Pages 5-169"},"PeriodicalIF":16.5,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.simyco.2020.05.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38318641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 262

Updating the taxonomy of Aspergillus in South Africa 南非曲霉菌分类的更新。

IF 16.5 1区生物学

Studies in Mycology Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.simyco.2020.02.003

C.M. Visagie , J. Houbraken

{"title":"Updating the taxonomy of Aspergillus in South Africa","authors":"C.M. Visagie , J. Houbraken","doi":"10.1016/j.simyco.2020.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.simyco.2020.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The taxonomy and nomenclature of the genus Aspergillus and its associated sexual (teleomorphic) genera have been greatly stabilised over the last decade. This was in large thanks to the accepted species list published in 2014 and associated metadata such as DNA reference sequences released at the time. It had a great impact on the community and it has never been easier to identify, publish and describe the missing Aspergillus diversity. To further stabilise its taxonomy, it is crucial to not only discover and publish new species but also to capture infraspecies variation in the form of DNA sequences. This data will help to better characterise and distinguish existing species and make future identifications more robust. South Africa has diverse fungal communities but remains largely unexplored in terms of Aspergillus with very few sequences available for local strains. In this paper, we re-identify Aspergillus previously accessioned in the PPRI and MRC culture collections using modern taxonomic approaches. In the process, we re-identify strains to 63 species, describe seven new species and release a large number of new DNA reference sequences.</div>","PeriodicalId":22036,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Mycology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Pages 253-292"},"PeriodicalIF":16.5,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.simyco.2020.02.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38318131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

Foliar pathogens of eucalypts 桉叶病原菌

IF 16.5 1区生物学

Studies in Mycology Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.simyco.2019.08.001

P.W. Crous , M.J. Wingfield , R. Cheewangkoon , A.J. Carnegie , T.I. Burgess , B.A. Summerell , J. Edwards , P.W.J. Taylor , J.Z. Groenewald

{"title":"Foliar pathogens of eucalypts","authors":"P.W. Crous , M.J. Wingfield , R. Cheewangkoon , A.J. Carnegie , T.I. Burgess , B.A. Summerell , J. Edwards , P.W.J. Taylor , J.Z. Groenewald","doi":"10.1016/j.simyco.2019.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.simyco.2019.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Species of eucalypts are commonly cultivated for solid wood and pulp products. The expansion of commercially managed eucalypt plantations has chiefly been driven by their rapid growth and suitability for propagation across a very wide variety of sites and climatic conditions. Infection of foliar fungal pathogens of eucalypts is resulting in increasingly negative impacts on commercial forest industries globally. To assist in evaluating this threat, the present study provides a global perspective on foliar pathogens of eucalypts. We treat 110 different genera including species associated with foliar disease symptoms of these hosts. The vast majority of these fungi have been grown in axenic culture, and subjected to DNA sequence analysis, resolving their phylogeny. During the course of this study several new genera and species were encountered, and these are described. New genera include: Lembosiniella (L. eucalyptorum on E. dunnii, Australia), Neosonderhenia (N. eucalypti on E. costata, Australia), Neothyriopsis (N. sphaerospora on E. camaldulensis, South Africa), Neotrichosphaeria (N. eucalypticola on E. deglupta, Australia), Nothotrimmatostroma (N. bifarium on E. dalrympleana, Australia), Nowamyces (incl. Nowamycetaceae fam. nov., N. globulus on E. globulus, Australia), and Walkaminomyces (W. medusae on E. alba, Australia). New species include (all from Australia): Disculoides fraxinoides on E. fraxinoides, Elsinoe piperitae on E. piperita, Fusculina regnans on E. regnans, Marthamyces johnstonii on E. dunnii, Neofusicoccum corticosae on E. corticosa, Neotrimmatostroma dalrympleanae on E. dalrympleana, Nowamyces piperitae on E. piperita, Phaeothyriolum dunnii on E. dunnii, Pseudophloeospora eucalyptigena on E. obliqua, Pseudophloeospora jollyi on Eucalyptus sp., Quambalaria tasmaniae on Eucalyptus sp., Q. rugosae on E. rugosa, Sonderhenia radiata on E. radiata, Teratosphaeria pseudonubilosa on E. globulus and Thyrinula dunnii on E. dunnii. A new name is also proposed for Heteroconium eucalypti as Thyrinula uruguayensis on E. dunnii, Uruguay. Although many of these genera and species are commonly associated with disease problems, several appear to be opportunists developing on stressed or dying tissues. For the majority of these fungi, pathogenicity remains to be determined. This represents an important goal for forest pathologists and biologists in the future. Consequently, this study will promote renewed interest in foliar pathogens of eucalypts, leading to investigations that will provide an impr","PeriodicalId":22036,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Mycology","volume":"94 ","pages":"Pages 125-298"},"PeriodicalIF":16.5,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.simyco.2019.08.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41213510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 50

Genera of phytopathogenic fungi: GOPHY 3 植物致病性真菌属

IF 16.5 1区生物学

Studies in Mycology Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.simyco.2019.05.001

Y. Marin-Felix , M. Hernández-Restrepo , I. Iturrieta-González , D. García , J. Gené , J.Z. Groenewald , L. Cai , Q. Chen , W. Quaedvlieg , R.K. Schumacher , P.W.J. Taylor , C. Ambers , G. Bonthond , J. Edwards , S.A. Krueger-Hadfield , J.J. Luangsa-ard , L. Morton , A. Moslemi , M. Sandoval-Denis , Y.P. Tan , P.W. Crous

{"title":"Genera of phytopathogenic fungi: GOPHY 3","authors":"Y. Marin-Felix , M. Hernández-Restrepo , I. Iturrieta-González , D. García , J. Gené , J.Z. Groenewald , L. Cai , Q. Chen , W. Quaedvlieg , R.K. Schumacher , P.W.J. Taylor , C. Ambers , G. Bonthond , J. Edwards , S.A. Krueger-Hadfield , J.J. Luangsa-ard , L. Morton , A. Moslemi , M. Sandoval-Denis , Y.P. Tan , P.W. Crous","doi":"10.1016/j.simyco.2019.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.simyco.2019.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>This paper represents the third contribution in the Genera of Phytopathogenic Fungi (GOPHY) series. The series provides morphological descriptions, information about the pathology, distribution, hosts and disease symptoms for the treated genera, as well as primary and secondary DNA barcodes for the currently accepted species included in these. This third paper in the GOPHY series treats 21 genera of phytopathogenic fungi and their relatives including: Allophoma, Alternaria, Brunneosphaerella, Elsinoe, Exserohilum, Neosetophoma, Neostagonospora, Nothophoma, Parastagonospora, Phaeosphaeriopsis, Pleiocarpon, Pyrenophora, Ramichloridium, Seifertia, Seiridium, Septoriella, Setophoma, Stagonosporopsis, Stemphylium, Tubakia and Zasmidium. This study includes three new genera, 42 new species, 23 new combinations, four new names, and three typifications of older names.</div>","PeriodicalId":22036,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Mycology","volume":"94 ","pages":"Pages 1-124"},"PeriodicalIF":16.5,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.simyco.2019.05.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41213511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 75

Taxonomy of Aspergillus section Flavi and their production of aflatoxins, ochratoxins and other mycotoxins 黄曲霉的分类及其黄曲霉毒素、赭曲霉毒素和其他真菌毒素的产生

IF 16.5 1区生物学

Studies in Mycology Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.simyco.2018.06.001

J.C. Frisvad , V. Hubka , C.N. Ezekiel , S.-B. Hong , A. Nováková , A.J. Chen , M. Arzanlou , T.O. Larsen , F. Sklenář , W. Mahakarnchanakul , R.A. Samson , J. Houbraken

{"title":"Taxonomy of Aspergillus section Flavi and their production of aflatoxins, ochratoxins and other mycotoxins","authors":"J.C. Frisvad , V. Hubka , C.N. Ezekiel , S.-B. Hong , A. Nováková , A.J. Chen , M. Arzanlou , T.O. Larsen , F. Sklenář , W. Mahakarnchanakul , R.A. Samson , J. Houbraken","doi":"10.1016/j.simyco.2018.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.simyco.2018.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Aflatoxins and ochratoxins are among the most important mycotoxins of all and producers of both types of mycotoxins are present in Aspergillus section Flavi, albeit never in the same species. Some of the most efficient producers of aflatoxins and ochratoxins have not been described yet. Using a polyphasic approach combining phenotype, physiology, sequence and extrolite data, we describe here eight new species in section Flavi. Phylogenetically, section Flavi is split in eight clades and the section currently contains 33 species. Two species only produce aflatoxin B1 and B2 (A. pseudotamarii and A. togoensis), and 14 species are able to produce aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2: three newly described species A. aflatoxiformans, A. austwickii and A. cerealis in addition to A. arachidicola, A. minisclerotigenes, A. mottae, A. luteovirescens (formerly A. bombycis), A. nomius, A. novoparasiticus, A. parasiticus, A. pseudocaelatus, A. pseudonomius, A. sergii and A. transmontanensis. It is generally accepted that A. flavus is unable to produce type G aflatoxins, but here we report on Korean strains that also produce aflatoxin G1 and G2. One strain of A. bertholletius can produce the immediate aflatoxin precursor 3-O-methylsterigmatocystin, and one strain of Aspergillus sojae and two strains of Aspergillus alliaceus produced versicolorins. Strains of the domesticated forms of A. flavus and A. parasiticus, A. oryzae and A. sojae, respectively, lost their ability to produce aflatoxins, and from the remaining phylogenetically closely related species (belonging to the A. flavus-, A. tamarii-, A. bertholletius- and A. nomius-clades), only A. caelatus, A. subflavus and A. tamarii are unable to produce aflatoxins. With exception of A. togoensis in the A. coremiiformis-clade, all species in the phylogenetically more distant clades (A. alliaceus-, A. coremiiformis-, A. leporis- and A. avenaceus-clade) are unable to produce aflatoxins. Three out of the four species in the A. alliaceus-clade can produce the mycotoxin ochratoxin A: A. alliaceus s. str. and two new species described here as A. neoalliaceus and A. vandermerwei. Eight species produced the mycotoxin tenuazonic acid: A. bertholletius, A. caelatus, A. luteovirescens, A. nomius, A. pseudocaelatus, A. pseudonomius, A. pseudotamarii and A. tamarii while the related mycotoxin cyclopiazonic acid was produced by 13 species: A. aflatoxiformans, A. austwickii, A. bertholletius, A. cerealis, A. flavus, A. minisclerotigenes, ","PeriodicalId":22036,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Mycology","volume":"93 ","pages":"Pages 1-63"},"PeriodicalIF":16.5,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.simyco.2018.06.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36398323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 311