Stem cell investigation最新文献

{"title":"Roles and mechanisms of stem cell in wound healing.","authors":"Thurga Ayavoo,&nbsp;Karthikeyan Murugesan,&nbsp;Ashok Gnanasekaran","doi":"10.21037/sci-2020-027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/sci-2020-027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wound healing phases comprise of highly synchronized process that begins due to a damage and restores the integrity of the injured tissues. Wound healing reduces the damage in tissue and supply sufficient oxygen and tissue perfusion, provide proper nourishment and humid wound healing atmosphere to re-establish the essential status of exaggerated parts. The untreated wound becomes susceptible for pus development, bacterial infection and complications like sepsis. Traditional and modern approaches are in practice to treat acute, open and chronic injuries, however, present wound care management has met with challenges and minimal positive effects. Stem cells have possible wound healing capability to overwhelm restrictions of the current wound care practices as it produces faster tissue regeneration in wound repair. Stem cells are unspecialized cells derived from adult body tissues and embryos that differentiate into any cell of an organism and capable of self-regeneration. The understanding on molecular mechanisms of stem cells has become the central and promising field in scientific study. This review focuses on the pre-existing traditional and modern treatments for wound healing, and types and roles of stem cells in wound care management. This review also focuses on the fundamental molecular characterization and factors influencing the molecular mechanisms of stem cells in wound healing.</p>","PeriodicalId":21938,"journal":{"name":"Stem cell investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8022285/pdf/sci-08-2020-027.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25571165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (P-MSCs) for COVID-19 pneumonia-a regenerative dogma.","authors":"Sushmitha Eachagattada Siddesh,&nbsp;Dheemant Muniswamy Gowda,&nbsp;Rashmi Jain,&nbsp;Arun Gulati,&nbsp;Goutham Shankargoud Patil,&nbsp;Talagavadi Channaiah Anudeep,&nbsp;Naveen Jeyaraman,&nbsp;Sathish Muthu,&nbsp;Madhan Jeyaraman","doi":"10.21037/sci-2020-034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/sci-2020-034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With a robust rise in the number of COVID-19 cases, the World Health Organization (WHO) has declared COVID-19 as a pandemic on 11^th March 2020. COVID-19 pandemic has invited global researchers from various biomedical and biotechnological researchers to plan various treatment modalities for combating this pandemic crisis. At present, there is the unavailability of specific treatment modality; however, researchers have thrown light into the exploration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to therapeutically perquisite in ameliorating immune-mediated progressive worsening in COVID-19 infected patients. Cellular therapy (CT) has revolutionized the treatment of untreatable diseases with a better clinical and functional outcome. Placenta, being considered as medical waste, contains a variety of stem cells, and hence placenta-derived MSCs (P-MSCs) owe potentiality for extrapolation to combat COVID-19 pandemic. The usage of P-MSCs in combating the COVID-19 pandemic has plausible challenges in terms of isolation, harvesting, expansion, characterization, and involvement of ethical concerns. This article provides an insight into dealing COVID-19 pandemic with P-MSCs as cell-based therapy embracing immunomodulatory and immune-privileged potentials and future prospects. Advocating prospective randomized controlled clinical trials ethically will concretely supplement for its efficacy and safety concerns.</p>","PeriodicalId":21938,"journal":{"name":"Stem cell investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7937692/pdf/sci-08-2020-034.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25451511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic effects of intracoronary infusion of autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and revascularization procedure on improvement of cardiac function in patients with severe ischemic cardiomyopathy.","authors":"Sze Piaw Chin,&nbsp;Oteh Maskon,&nbsp;Chiang Soo Tan,&nbsp;John E Anderson,&nbsp;Chee Yin Wong,&nbsp;Hamat Hamdi Che Hassan,&nbsp;Chee Ken Choor,&nbsp;S Abdul Wahid Fadilah,&nbsp;Soon Keng Cheong","doi":"10.21037/sci-2020-026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/sci-2020-026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) is a leading cause of cardiovascular mortality worldwide. It is defined as abnormal enlargement of the left ventricular (LV) cavity with poor LV function due to coronary artery disease. Currently available established treatments are palliative whereby blood supply is recovered to ischemic regions but fails to regenerate heart tissues. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) offer a promising treatment for ICM given their regenerative and multipotent characteristics. This study aims to investigate the effect of MSCs infusion with concurrent revascularization in patients with severe ICM compared to receiving only revascularization procedure or MSCs infusion.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-seven patients with history of anterior myocardial infarction (MI) and baseline left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of less than 35% were recruited into this study. Patients who are eligible for revascularization were grouped into group A (MSCs infusion with concurrent revascularization) or group B (revascularization only) while patients who were not eligible for revascularization were allocated in group C to receive intracoronary MSCs infusion. LV function was measured using echocardiography.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients who received MSCs infusion (either with or without revascularization) demonstrated significant LVEF improvements at 3, 6 and 12 months post-infusion when compared to baseline LVEF within its own group. When comparing the groups, the magnitude of change in LVEF from baseline for third visits i.e., 12 months post-infusion was significant for patients who received MSCs infusion plus concurrent revascularization in comparison to patients who only had the revascularization procedure.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MSCs infusion significantly improves LV function in ICM patients. MSCs infusion plus concurrent revascularization procedure worked synergistically to improve cardiac function in patients with severe ICM.</p>","PeriodicalId":21938,"journal":{"name":"Stem cell investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7867710/pdf/sci-08-2020-026.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25360773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel progresses of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy in multiple myeloma.","authors":"Lijuan Ding,&nbsp;Yongxian Hu,&nbsp;He Huang","doi":"10.21037/sci-2020-029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/sci-2020-029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant proliferative disease of plasma cells, which leads to suppressed hematopoietic and osteolytic diseases. Despite the use of traditional chemotherapy, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and targeted drugs, MM still cannot be completely cured. In recent years, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have revolutionized immunotherapy and cancer treatment. The great success of CAR-T cells in leukemia and lymphoma has promoted its development in MM. The primary requisite for developing clinically effective CAR-T cells suitable for MM is to identify the appropriate targets. In early clinical trials, CAR-T cells targeting B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) have shown significant anti-MM activity. Currently popular targets in clinical research and preclinical research include CD138, CD38, CS1, CD19, κ light chain, CD56, CD44v6, Lewis Y, NY-ESO-1, CD229, etc. Common toxicities such as cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurotoxicity also occur but controllable. MM cells are mainly localized in bone marrow, therefore, the bone marrow microenvironment has a significant effect on the therapeutic effect of CAR-T cells. Targeting both MM cells and the bone marrow microenvironment is currently the most promising treatment. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of CAR-T cell therapy in MM, as well as outline potential targets and methods that can overcome local immunosuppression and improve the efficacy of CAR-T cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":21938,"journal":{"name":"Stem cell investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7867711/pdf/sci-08-2020-029.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25360772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complete remission of aggressive T-cell LGL leukemia with pentostatin therapy: first case report.","authors":"Margaret Li Krackeler,&nbsp;Catherine Broome,&nbsp;Catherine Lai","doi":"10.21037/sci-2020-035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/sci-2020-035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This is the first report of a complete remission in aggressive T-cell large granular lymphocytic (T-LGL) leukemia after treatment with pentostatin. The aggressive variant of the disease is rare, and traditional therapies include immunosuppressive agents, however, there is no standard consensus for treatment. Cytotoxic chemotherapy has led to remission in a few reported cases. We present this unique case as an alternative treatment for individuals refractory to chemotherapy. A 55-year-old African American male with hypertension, type II diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and gout presented with symptoms of multiple ecchymosis, fatigue, and weight loss. He was found to have splenomegaly (SM) and significant leukocytosis to 101 k/µL with 30% blasts on peripheral smear. Following bone marrow aspiration and biopsy with flow cytometry, he was diagnosed with aggressive T-LGL leukemia. The chemotherapy regimen hyper-CVAD (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and dexamethasone) was initially chosen based on his clinical presentation but was refractory to treatment. His therapy was changed to alemtuzumab; however, patient tolerated poorly and did not respond. Pentostatin was added to alemtuzumab with improvement in clinical symptoms and laboratory parameters. The patient was transitioned to pentostatin monotherapy and achieved complete remission after 1 month. This report provides support for pentostatin as an effective treatment for patients with aggressive T-cell malignancies refractory to cytotoxic chemotherapy. Pentostatin has previously been studied to treat T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL), hairy cell leukemia, and marginal zone lymphoma. This case suggests an alternative, well-tolerated option that could be considered for initial therapy of aggressive T-LGL leukemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":21938,"journal":{"name":"Stem cell investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7791155/pdf/sci-07-2020-035.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38813135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of exosome carrier to augmentation of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection treatment.","authors":"Saeideh Gholamzadeh Khoei,&nbsp;Hamid Sadeghi,&nbsp;Massoud Saidijam","doi":"10.21037/sci-2020-028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/sci-2020-028","url":null,"abstract":"Stem Cell Investig 2020;7:23 | http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/sci-2020-028 Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a stomach pathogen that half of the world’s population is conjectured to be tangled in this gram-negative bacterium (1). It is generally obtained in babyhood, and when left untreated commonly continues for the host’s lifetime (2). The early role of H. pylori in the peptic lesion and gastric cancer expansion was established and admitted by the medic community as recently as the 1980s (3,4). To retain the chronic form of infection the bacterium changes tissue morphology and physiology by the transfer of virulence factors like the CagA, VacA toxins, and γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) enzyme that result in worsening the pathology of the infection (5,6). General standard eradication strategies use two antibiotics and an acid-suppressing drug, now usually completed with bismuth (3). Although the usage of antibiotics throughout the previous decades and improved health conditions has forcefully decreased H. pylori prevalence, infection frequency remains high on a universal measure (7). A longsome antibiotic therapy against H. pylori infection is growing to start to fail, and innovative strategies towards treatment need to be taken (8). In addition to the concerns on diminishing eradication efficiencies during the burdensome treatment with several broad-spectrum antibiotics, there are the health concerns about adverse impacts on the commensal microbiota (9,10). Especially in the treatment of pediatric H. pylori, the synchronic loss of the gut flora by extensive antibiotics is a major challenge. Furthermore, reducing eradication effectiveness, off-target impacts of lengthy broad-spectrum antibiotic therapies, and the desire of a more regular eradication in asymptomatic H. pylori carriers to reduce gastric cancer occurrence spur a search for finding a smarter remedial option to deliver of antibiotic in local (3,11). A direct drug delivery is an effective approach to increase efficacy therapy helicobacter pylori infection. Recently, considerable research has been focused on exosomes as nanocarriers for direct drug delivery. Exosomes are nanosized (30–150 nm) lipid bilayer particles of endosomal source. They belong to the extracellular vesicles (EVs) that secrete by multiple cell types and involve in cell-cell communication or intracellular signaling (12). The membrane building of exosome makes them have an innate potency to fuse with the membrane of the acceptor organelle or plasma cell, and play a major role in the transport of bioactive cellular cargos such as proteins, lipids, and RNAs at a neighbor or distant cell (13). Indeed, exosomes as safe and natural drug delivery carriers able to trip in extracellular fluids and deliver various therapeutic agents to target cells with high efficiency (14). Furthermore, the ideal direct drug delivery carrier should be able to site-specific delivery of loaded therapeutics, avoid premature degradation through the ","PeriodicalId":21938,"journal":{"name":"Stem cell investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7791153/pdf/sci-07-2020-028.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38813134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of stem cells-based therapy on astrogliosis in stroke subjected-mice.","authors":"Kobra Akhoundzadeh,&nbsp;Abedin Vakili","doi":"10.21037/sci-2020-031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/sci-2020-031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study was planned to continue our previous study to assess effect of combination therapy bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) with exercise (EX) and triiodothyronine (T₃) on stroke-induced astrogliosis in mice. Stroke subjected-mice were divided into five monotherapy groups including sham, control, BMSCs, EX and T₃; and three combination therapy groups including BMSCs + EX, BMSCs + T₃ and BMSCs + EX + T₃. Astrogliosis was assessed in ipsilateral hemisphere at day 7 after MCAO. Combination therapy BMSCs with EX and T₃ could significantly decrease stroke-induced astrogliosis. However, monotherapy with BMSCs or EX also improved changes of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive cells following stroke. Combination therapy BMSCs with EX and T₃ didn't have any added effect on astrogliosis compared to monotherapy with BMSCs or EX. With comparing the present findings with the results of neurobehavioral functioning in our earlier study, it seems that decrease of astrogliosis could be helpful for stroke recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":21938,"journal":{"name":"Stem cell investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7791154/pdf/sci-07-2020-031.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38813132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-azacytidine in high dose promotes ultrastructural maturation of cardiomyocyte.","authors":"Mona Saheli,&nbsp;Vahid Pirhajati Mahabadi,&nbsp;Seyed Alireza Mesbah-Namin,&nbsp;Alexander Seifalian,&nbsp;Zahra Bagheri-Hosseinabadi","doi":"10.21037/sci-2020-007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/sci-2020-007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The adult human heart muscle cells, cardiomyocytes are not capable of regenerate after injury. Stem cells are a powerful means for future regenerative medicine because of their capacity for self-renewal and multipotency. Several studies have reported the cardiogenic potential in human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) differentiation, but there is still no efficient protocol for the induction of cardiac differentiation by 5-azacytidine (5-Aza). The present study involves characterization and mainly, the ultrastructure of ADSCs derived cardiomyocyte-like cells.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cultured ADSCs were treated with 50 µM 5-Aza for 24 hours, followed by a 10-week extension. At different time points, cardiomyocyte-like cells were assessed by qRT-PCR and were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy at 10^th week.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The expression of cardiac-specific markers entailing cardiac troponin I (cTnI), connexin 43, myosin light chain-2v (Mlc-2v), increased over 10 weeks and the highest expression was at 10^th week. The expression of the β-myosin heavy chain (β-MHC) increased significantly over 5 weeks and then decreased. At the ultrastructural level myofibrils, transverse tubules (T-tubules), sarcoplasmic reticular membrane, and intercalated discs were present.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These data suggest that treatment with 5-Aza in high dose could promote differentiation of ADSCs into cardiomyocyte-like cells. These differentiated cells could be used for regeneration of damaged cardiomyocytes with the 3D scaffold for delivery of the cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":21938,"journal":{"name":"Stem cell investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7791156/pdf/sci-07-2020-007.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38813133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tamoxifen induces stem-like phenotypes and multidrug resistance by altering epigenetic regulators in ERα+ breast cancer cells.","authors":"Aparna Kalyanaraman,&nbsp;Dhanavathy Gnanasampanthapandian,&nbsp;Prasad Shanmughan,&nbsp;Puneet Kishore,&nbsp;Satish Ramalingam,&nbsp;Rathnaswami Arunachalam,&nbsp;Selvaraj Jayaraman,&nbsp;Ilango Kaliappan,&nbsp;Ganesh Munuswamy-Ramanujam,&nbsp;Ilangovan Ramachandran,&nbsp;Yuvaraj Sambandam,&nbsp;Muralidharan Anbalagan,&nbsp;Parthasarathy Chandrakesan,&nbsp;Kanagaraj Palaniyandi","doi":"10.21037/sci-2020-020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/sci-2020-020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To understand the mechanism underlying tamoxifen-induced multidrug resistance (MDR) and stem-like phenotypes in breast cancer cells, we treated the MCF-7 cells with 4-hydroxy-tamoxifen (TAM) for 6 months continuously and established MCF-7 tamoxifen resistance (TR) phenotypes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the present study, the following methods were used: cell viability assay, colony formation, cell cycle analysis, ALDEFLUOR assay, mammosphere formation assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay, PCR array, western blot analysis and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The expression of ERα was significantly higher in MCF7-TR cells when compared with parental MCF-7 cells. MCF7-TR cells exposed to TAM showed a significant increase in the proliferation and rate of colony formation. The number of cancer stem cells was higher in MCF7-TR cells as observed by the increase in the number of ALDH+ cells. Furthermore, the number of mammospheres formed from the FACS-sorted ALDH+ cells was higher in MCF7-TR cells. Using PCR array analysis, we were able to identify that the long-term exposure of TAM leads to alterations in the epigenetic and MDR stem cell marker genes. Furthermore, western blot analysis demonstrated elevated levels of Notch-1 expression in MCF-TR cells compared with MCF-7 cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay revealed that Notch-1 enhanced the cyclin D1 expression significantly in these cells. In addition, we observed that MCF7-TR cells were resistant to doxorubicin but not the MCF-7 cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the present study, we conclude that the treatment with tamoxifen induces multiple epigenetic alterations that lead to the development of MDR and stem-like phenotypes in breast cancers. Therefore, our study provides better insights to develop novel treatment regime to control the progression of breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":21938,"journal":{"name":"Stem cell investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21037/sci-2020-020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38691081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stem cells: a new way of therapy for cardiovascular disorders.","authors":"Rabia Amjad,&nbsp;Isha Ishtiaq,&nbsp;Noor Fatima","doi":"10.21037/sci-2019-048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/sci-2019-048","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiovascular disorder affects the overall health of an individual and hence the quality of life. Stem cell therapy involves the use of stem cells widely used to treat different conditions. People having severe cardiovascular disorder can be treated with stem cells by generating heart muscles, stimulating the growth of blood vessels and by the secretion of different growth factors. Different types of stem cells are used for cardiac repair. Adipose stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells are better options for increasing the survival rate. In this review we will discuss different types of stem cells, their activation pathway, generation, hurdles in transplantation and how to overcome them and their applications.","PeriodicalId":21938,"journal":{"name":"Stem cell investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7715658/pdf/sci-07-2019-048.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38690605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}