Southwestern Entomologist最新文献

{"title":"Oligoadenylate Synthetase Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated With Infection by Chikungunya Virus","authors":"M. López-Rodríguez, I. Marino-Martínez, Á. Lugo‐Trampe, Sandra Caballero-Sosa, G. Trujillo-Rodríguez, María de Lourdes Ramírez Ahuja, Antonio Guzmán Velasco, Oscar Cienfuegos-Jiménez, M. Martinez-Fierro, A. A. Pérez-Maya, I. Delgado-Enciso, A. Flores-Suarez, I. Rodríguez-Sánchez, K. Trujillo-Murillo","doi":"10.3958/059.048.0211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3958/059.048.0211","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Chikungunya is a public health problem in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Innate immune response (IIR) possesses enzymatic cleavage of nucleic acids of the agent as an important mechanism of viral counteraction. Oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS) enzymes are key regulators of RNase L to develop IIR against RNA viruses. OAS´ Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) have been related to susceptibility toward RNA-virus diseases. A cross-sectional study was done of 187 patients. OAS1 SNPs (rs1131454), OAS2 SNPs (rs1293762, rs15895, and rs1732778) and OAS3 SNPs (rs2285932 and rs2072136) genes were studied by qPCR in check and symptomatic patients to associate SNPs with susceptibility to disease. Relative risk (RR), Chi2, and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium indicated p < 0.05 statistical significance. SNPs rs1131454 and rs1293762 showed statistically significant differences between cases and check. Homozygous genotypes GG of rs1131454 and CC of rs1293762 were considered risk factors (RR 1.59; 95% CI 1.19-2.14 and RR 1.91; 95% CI 1.31-2.78, respectively). Heterozygous genotypes GA of rs1131454 and AC of rs1293762 were protective factors (RR 0.67; 95% CI 0.48-0.94 and RR 0.56; 95% CI 0.37-0.83, respectively). Moreover, rs1293762 was statistically significant in allelic frequencies between cases and checks, with A allele a protective factor (RR = 0.55; 95% CI 0.39-.078) and C allele a susceptibility factor (RR = 1.80; 95% CI difference (p < 0.05) in the allelic frequencies between cases and checks, with A allele as protection factor (RR = 1.28-2.54). Our results add to previously reported evidence of susceptibility of certain populations with specific OAS-family SNPs against CHIKV.","PeriodicalId":21930,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern Entomologist","volume":"20 1","pages":"379 - 388"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80708615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethanolic Plant Extracts as Potential Biomiticides Against Oligonychus perseae (Acari: Tetranychidae) on Avocado in Mexico","authors":"Cecilio Castañeda-Cabrera, C. Perales-Segovia, I. López-Muraira, M. Miranda-Salcedo, A. García-Munguía, H. Silos-Espino","doi":"10.3958/059.048.0206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3958/059.048.0206","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Oligonychus perseae Tuttle, Baker & Abbatiello (Acari: Tetranychidae) is an economically important pest of avocado (Persea americana Mill.) in Mexico. Resistance reduced the efficacy of broad-spectrum miticides used to control this pest. Identification of reliable and more environmentally friendly alternatives is crucial for reduction of pesticide use in agriculture. This study determined the efficacy of three plant extracts derived from wild species, Petiveria alliacea L. (Phytolaccaceae), reseda luteola L. (Resedaceae), and Isocoma hartwegii (A. Gray) Greene (Asteraceae) for control of the mite. In vitro and field experiments were done. Ethanolic wild plant extracts from Petiveria alliacea and Isocoma hartwegii killed most mites by 24 hours after application in in-vitro assays. At field conditions, most effective extracts were from Petiveria alliacea and reseda luteola. Two commercial products derived from Azadirachta indica extract and combination of pepper + garlic extracts had good efficacy at in vitro and field conditions.","PeriodicalId":21930,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern Entomologist","volume":"115 1","pages":"333 - 340"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73227484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Fertilization on Morphometry of Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc) on Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) at Greenhouse Conditions","authors":"Haidel Vargas-Madríz, M. O. Lázaro-Dzul, J. Acuña-Soto, Ángel Félix Vargas-Madriz, Abraham Monteón-Ojeda, F. A. Valenzuela-Escoboza, Ricardo Martínez-Martínez, P. F. Grifaldo-Alcántara, Ausencio Azuara-Domínguez","doi":"10.3958/059.048.0210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3958/059.048.0210","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The effect of four treatments on ‘SUN-7705’ tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) was evaluated on morphology of B. cockerelli (Sulc). Eggs, nymphs, and adults were raised on tomato plants in a greenhouse conditions at the Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo, Texcoco, Mexico. Adults were kept in individual boxes with wooden frames and organza covers at temperatures ranging from 10 to 40°C and photoperiod of 14:10 light:dark hours. Variables evaluated for egg morphometry were egg length (EL), egg width (EW), and pedicel length (PL). Variables measured for five nymphal instars were body length (BL), body width (BW), left antenna length (LAL), and right antenna length (RAL). Variables evaluated for adult morphometry were body length (BL), body width at the thorax (BWT), antennae length (ATN), wing length (WL), and wing width (WW). The effect of the different treatments on tomato significantly affected morphometric variables LP and AH of eggs. Significant and very significant differences were observed in morphometric variables LC, AC, LAI, and LAD of nymphs. Very significant differences were obtained in LC and ACT of B. cockerelli adult males. Results from morphometry of B. cockerelli have practical implications to help identify the five nymphal stages. Resumen. Se evaluó el efecto de cuatro tratamientos en la variedad de tomate ‘SUN-7705’ en la morfometría de B. cockerelli (Sulc). Se colectaron huevos, ninfas, y adultos criados en dicha variedad, en condiciones de invernadero en el Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo, Texcoco, México. Los adultos fueron mantenidos en jaulas individuales de marco de madera cubiertos con tela de organza, bajo un periodo de 14:10 h de luz-oscuridad, con un rango de temperatura de 10 a 40°C. Las variables evaluadas fueron: longitud de huevo (LH), ancho de huevo (AH), y longitud de pedicelo (LP). Las variables medidas en los cinco ínstares ninfales fueron largo de cuerpo (LC), ancho de cuerpo (AC), longitud de antena izquierda (LAI), y longitud de antena derecha (LAD). En adultos, se consideraron las variables longitud de cuerpo (LC), ancho de cuerpo en tórax (ACT), largo de antenas (ATN), longitud de ala (LA), y ancho de ala (AA). Se encontró que el efecto de los diferentes tratamientos en la variedad de tomate afecto significativamente las variables morfométricas (LP) y (AH) en huevos; en las ninfas del primer instar, los tratamientos afectaron significativamente las variables (LC), (AC), (LAI), y (LAD). En ninfas de segundo instar se observaron diferencias significativas entre las variables (LC), (AC), (LAI), y (LAD). En ninfas de tercer instar se observaron diferencias significativas y altamente significativas para las variables (AC), (LAI), y (LAD). En ninfas de cuarto instar se encontró que los tratamientos tuvieron un efecto altamente significativo en las variables (LC), (LAI), y (LAD). En ninfas de quinto ínstar se observaron diferencias significativas y altamente significativas para las vari","PeriodicalId":21930,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern Entomologist","volume":"65 3 1","pages":"367 - 378"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78702528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trips en Blueberries Bajo Manejo Orgánico en Sayula, Jalisco, México","authors":"M. Mejia-Mandujano, H. González-Hernández, J. R. Lomelí-Flores, L. Soto-Rojas, E. Rodríguez-Leyva, Y. Á. Rebollar-Alviter","doi":"10.3958/059.048.0217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3958/059.048.0217","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen. Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood, 1919 y seis especies del género Frankliniella se obtuvieron de blueberries bajo manejo orgánico en Sayula, Jalisco, México, en brotes, tallos, hojas, flores, y frutos. También se detectó al trips depredador Frankliniotrips vespiformis y ácaros depredadores de la familia Phytoseiidae. También se obtuvieron trips de plantas arvenses en los túneles del cultivo. Abstract. Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood, 1919, and six species of the genus Frankliniella were collected from organic blueberries in Sayula, Jalisco, Mexico, from infested shoots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits. The predatory thrips Frankliniotrips vespiformis, and predatory mites were also detected. Thrips were also detected on weeds in the tunnels of blueberry field.","PeriodicalId":21930,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern Entomologist","volume":"19 1","pages":"421 - 428"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86502377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Founding Landraces of Maize Population PI 674097 for Resistance to Leaf-Feeding Spodoptera frugiperda","authors":"C. Abel, U. Frei, S. Woolfolk","doi":"10.3958/059.048.0207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3958/059.048.0207","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Fall armyworm, Spodopera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), a maize (Zea mays L.) pest native to the Americas, is a recent invasive insect of Africa, Asia, and Oceania. Resistant to several insecticide classes and toxins of Bt-maize, the insect damages maize by feeding on leaf, tassel, and ear tissues. Using native resistance in maize with existing tactics could improve control. The objective of the study was to evaluate resistance to leaf-feeding fall armyworm in maize population PI 674097 and founding landraces used to develop the germplasm. Plants grown in the field and artificially infested at the seven- or eight-leaf stage were visually scored for leaf-feeding damage at 7- and 14-days post infestation. All scores for NSL 283507, PI 498583, PI 583912, and PI 674097 were less (i.e., more resistant) than those of susceptible check GEMN-0131. In 2022, 14-day scores for PI 674097 were not different from those of resistant check Mp708 (3.6 ± 0.5 and 2.7 ± 0.5, respectively). PI 674097 was variable in response to lead feeding by fall armyworm, with individual plants having a range of 14-day scores from 2 (resistant) to 7 (susceptible) across both years of testing. The variability might be useful when selecting greater resistance to the pest.","PeriodicalId":21930,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern Entomologist","volume":"10 1","pages":"341 - 345"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87039517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advection of Permethrin-EC Compared with Permethrin-EC+Cellulose in Sandy-Loam Soil","authors":"B. Kard","doi":"10.3958/059.048.0205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3958/059.048.0205","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Two formulations of permethrin EC termiticide were evaluated for depth of penetration into sandy-loam soil following by-the-label aqueous applications to the soil surface. The termiticide formulations were the same, except one formulation contained finely powdered cellulose and the other did not. Formulations were applied separately at 0.25% and 0.50% a.i. and allowed 7 to 9 days to disperse into the soil before samples were extracted and a.i. residues from various depths near the soil surface determined. Residue analyses for both formulations determined that 100% of a.i. recovered was contained in the top 5.1 cm of soil. Residues in the top 1.3 cm of soil were 95.2 to 96.9% of a.i. recovered. In the top 5.1 cm of soil, residue of permethrin plus powdered cellulose formulation applied at 0.50% was significantly greater than permethrin without cellulose additive.","PeriodicalId":21930,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern Entomologist","volume":"114 1","pages":"325 - 332"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80761909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventative Methods to Reduce the Spread of Cattle Fever Ticks on Wildlife and Protect Local Endangered Species in South Texas","authors":"J. Goolsby, Lauren Maestas, R. García, Melinda May, K. Lohmeyer, J. Picanso, Douglas B. Anderson, Jesus Coy, Denise L. Bonilla","doi":"10.3958/059.048.0201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3958/059.048.0201","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Reintroduction and dispersal of the livestock and wildlife pest, southern cattle fever tick, rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Canestrini), along the U.S.Mexico border in the southernmost counties of Cameron and Willacy has been attributed mostly to nilgai antelope, Boselaphus tragocamelus (Pallas), and to a lesser extent, white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus (Zimmerman). Nilgai are competent hosts of r. microplus, have large home ranges, and are distributed from southern Texas into northeastern Mexico where r. microplus, a vector of bovine babesiosis, is endemic. The study documents movement of nilgai and white-tailed deer through gaps in game fencing previously built to redirect movements of the endangered ocelot, Leopardus pardalis (L.), to wildlife crossings. Game fencing limits movement of nilgai and white-tailed deer and thus reduces the spread of cattle fever ticks. Additional game fencing is proposed to limit movement of tick-infested nilgai, white-tailed deer, and further redirect ocelots to crossings to avoid mortality on roads. In other parts of Cameron and Willacy counties where road mortality to ocelots is not an issue, game fencing is designed with large openings to block nilgai but allow free movement for endangered feline species. This research demonstrates how efforts to protect livestock from an exotic pest can also merge with goals of protecting endangered species in the same environment.","PeriodicalId":21930,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern Entomologist","volume":"62 4 1","pages":"289 - 302"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83256849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cholomyia inaequipes Como Parasitoide de Dos Curculiónidos Asociados con Las Bellotas de Encinos en el Estado de México, México","authors":"R. E. Palacios-Torres, D. H. Zetina, Jesús Luna-Cozar, César Ruiz-Montiel, Francisco Palemón-Alberto, J. Valdez-Carrasco, J. R. Sánchez-Pale, Álvaro Castañeda-Vildozola","doi":"10.3958/059.048.0218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3958/059.048.0218","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen. Diversas especies de curculiónidos espermatófagos incluidos en los géneros Curculio L. y Conotrachelus Dejean (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) son responsables del fenómeno denominado depredación-predispersión que afecta a las bellotas de encinos (Quercus L.: Fagaceae). Se reporta a Cholomyia inaequipes como endoparasitoide koinobionte solitario asociado con las larvas de Curculio sp., y Conotrachelus carinifer en el Estado de México. Este hallazgo contribuye al conocimiento de una nueva interacción trófica huésped-parasitoide, así como del incremento del área de distribución de Ch. inaequipes hacia el centro de México. Abstract. Spermatophagous insects such as Curculio L., and Conotrachelus Dejean (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) are responsible for the phenomenon known as predation-predispersal that affects oak (Quercus L.: Fagaceae) acorns. We report Cholomyia inaequipes as a solitary koinobiont endoparasitoid associated with the larvae of Curculio sp., and Conotrachelus carinifer in the State of Mexico, Mexico. This finding contributes to knowledge of a new trophic host-parasitoid interaction, as well as updates the distribution area of Ch. inaequipes toward Central Mexico.","PeriodicalId":21930,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern Entomologist","volume":"33 1","pages":"429 - 436"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89897283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversidad de Crisomélidos en el Desierto Chihuahuense Mexicano","authors":"Karla Paulina Ortiz-García, Santiago Niño-Maldonado, Arcángel Molina-Martínez, Y. G. Martínez","doi":"10.3958/059.048.0220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3958/059.048.0220","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen. El desierto chihuahuense representa una de las zonas áridas de mayor extensión e importancia de América del Norte con una gran riqueza de especies y número de endemismos, a pesar de esto el estudio de diversos grupos como los insectos aun es muy escaso. En esta investigación se evaluó la diversidad de crisomélidos presentes en zonas de Chihuahua y Durango que conforman el desierto chihuahuense mexicano. Se recolectaron 765 ejemplares pertenecientes a 55 especies, 34 géneros, nueve tribus, y seis subfamilias. Los valores de diversidad alfa reflejaron una mayor diversidad de especies en el estado de Durango, siendo Galerucinae la subfamilia con mayor riqueza y abundancia (20 especies, 331 individuos). De igual manera el análisis NMDS mostró un ordenamiento diferencial es las comunidades de crisomélidos estudiadas con 16 especies exclusivas para Chihuahua y 23 para Durango. Este estudio representa uno de los primeros reportes de diversidad de crisomélidos realizado en el Desierto Chihuahuense Mexicano. Abstract. The Chihuahuan Desert is one of the largest and most important arid zones in North America with great richness of species and number of endemisms, Despite this, study of various groups such as insects is still very scarce. In this research, diversity of chrysomelids in areas of Chihuahua and Durango that make up the Mexican Chihuahuan Desert was evaluated. In total, 765 specimens were collected, belonging to 55 species, 34 genera, nine tribes, and six subfamilies. Alpha diversity values reflected greater diversity of species in the State of Durango, with Galerucinae being the subfamily with the greatest richness and abundance (20 species, 331 individuals). Similarly, NMDS analysis showed differential ordering in chrysomelid communities studied with 16 species exclusive to Chihuahua and 23 to Durango. This study is one of the first reports of diversity of chrysomelids in the Mexican Chihuahuan Desert.","PeriodicalId":21930,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern Entomologist","volume":"1 1","pages":"445 - 456"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73261149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reassessing Temporal Patterns of Cotton Fleahopper, Pseudatomoscelis seriatus (Reuter), Emergence from Diapausing Eggs","authors":"Kristin Hamons, C. Suh, G. Sword","doi":"10.3958/059.048.0204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3958/059.048.0204","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21930,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern Entomologist","volume":"9 1","pages":"321 - 324"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85229894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}