Soil Biology & Biochemistry最新文献

{"title":"Tackling global biogeography and drivers of soil microbial dehalogenation traits and taxa: Insights from metagenomic profiling based on a curated dehalogenase database","authors":"Shuyao Li ,&nbsp;Xinwei Song ,&nbsp;Yifan Song ,&nbsp;Yongxin Wu ,&nbsp;Jing Yuan ,&nbsp;Xueling Yang ,&nbsp;Zhenmei Lu ,&nbsp;Jianming Xu ,&nbsp;Bin Ma ,&nbsp;Yan He","doi":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109553","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109553","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To identify microbial resources for dehalogenation, develop effective remediation strategies, and reveal their significance in “One Health”, it is crucial to understand the occurrence, distribution, and drivers of soil dehalogenation functional traits and taxonomy groups at a broad scale, which is currently not well understood. To address the gaps, we characterized the biogeography of both dehalogenation traits and taxa assigned to six dehalogenation pathways, by metagenomic profiling global 4821 soils from eight habitats, based on a manually curated dehalogenase database (DhgaseDB). We found dehalogenation genes and microbes assigned to different pathways are everywhere, but varied consistently across habitats. The similarity of dehalogention traits and taxa composition declines with geographic distance, and that patterns are strongly correlated with geo-environmental factors. We identified anthropogenic organohalide pesticide inputs as the most influential factor on dehalogenation gene abundance, while soil properties, particularly pH, exert a larger impact on dehalogenation taxa diversity. Ultimately, we generated predictive maps of soil dehalogenation gene abundance and taxa diversity for the first time, highlighting the microbial dehalogenation hotpots in East Asia, Australia, Southern Africa, and coastal regions. Collectively, our study highlights the significant role of various microbial dehalogenation processes in organohalide biotransformation and environmental microecology, providing the necessary methodological basis for a deeper comprehension of the underlying mechanisms, thereby contributing to the advancement of tailored strategies for organohalide remediation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21888,"journal":{"name":"Soil Biology & Biochemistry","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109553"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141993088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Manure application enriches phage-associated antimicrobial resistance and reconstructs ecological network of phage-bacteria in paddy soil","authors":"Jia-Ying Wang ,&nbsp;Xin-Li An ,&nbsp;Hong-Mei Zhang ,&nbsp;Jian-Qiang Su","doi":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109554","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109554","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Antimicrobial resistance is an urgent threat to global health, causing serious antibiotic-resistant infections and deaths. The phages can serve as genetic reservoirs for bacterial adaptation, facilitating the horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). However, how environmental perturbations impact the variation in viral ARGs via the phage-bacterial ecological network remains obscure. This study applied combined metagenomic and viromic sequencing without amplification bias to investigate the variations in the viral resistome and the ecological phage-bacterial networks in the paddy soils with different fertilizers. Results showed that manure application significantly changed the microbial community composition and increased the abundance of bacterial ARGs. The numbers of shared ARGs between paired virome and metagenome, as well as the diversity of host bacteria for phage-associated ARGs distinctly increased with manure amendment compared to chemical fertilizer treatment and non-fertilizer control. Elevated abundance of genes encoding stress and gene transfer-associated functions was observed in the manured soil viromes. Manure fertilization restructured the phage-bacteria ecological network with increased interactions potentially facilitating the dissemination of ARGs in the manure amended soils.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21888,"journal":{"name":"Soil Biology & Biochemistry","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109554"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142039954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time-dependent regulation of soil aggregates on fertilizer N retention and the influence of straw mulching","authors":"Mengtao Zhu ,&nbsp;Lei Yuan ,&nbsp;Feng Zhou ,&nbsp;Sicong Ma ,&nbsp;Wei Zhang ,&nbsp;Anja Miltner ,&nbsp;Hongbo He ,&nbsp;Xudong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109551","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109551","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fertilizer nitrogen (N) turnover is highly controlled by soil aggregation. However, the functions of the various aggregates that regulate long-term fertilizer N retention under conservation management remain unexplored. In this study, ¹⁵N-labeled fertilizer was initially applied <em>in situ</em> to investigate the effects of maize straw mulching on fertilizer N allocation in soil aggregates at a decadal scale. The topsoil was fractionated into macroaggregate, microaggregate, and silt-clay (SC) fractions. Macroaggregate was further divided into particulate organic matter (POM) and mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM). A higher enrichment factor of fertilizer N than of soil total N in macroaggregate indicated that the fertilizer N was more apt to incorporation into macroaggregate. The fertilizer N in the bulk soil declined gradually to 84.0% by the 13^th year. Temporally, the reduction proportion of fertilizer N in the SC fraction was the largest before 5^th years, whereas macroaggregate was the main reactive spot for fertilizer N transformation from 9 to 13 years. Therefore, the function of aggregates was time-dependent in controlling fertilizer N retention and turnover via the release of previously entrapped fertilizer N, but encapsulated the subsequently applied N (i.e., unlabeled fertilizer), whereas mineral adsorption contributed to the long-term stabilization of fertilizer N. Compared with fertilization alone, straw mulching improved aggregates stability, favored the initial fertilizer N retention in macroaggregate by enriching fertilizer N in POM, and reduced the proportion of N loss in MAOM after 9 years. These finding indicate that the improvement in fertilizer N stability related to straw decomposition was sequentially attributed to the enhancement of aggregate encapsulation and persistent interaction with soil minerals. Therefore, this study provides new insights into the functional heterogeneity of soil aggregates at different time stages and the intricate interplay between carbon availability-controlled fertilizer N retention and the improvement in soil aggregation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21888,"journal":{"name":"Soil Biology & Biochemistry","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109551"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141979273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Getting to the root of the problem: Soil carbon and microbial responses to root inputs within a buried paleosol along an eroding hillslope in southwestern Nebraska, USA","authors":"Abbygail R. McMurtry ,&nbsp;Chase S. Kasmerchak ,&nbsp;Elliot A. Vaughan ,&nbsp;Manisha Dolui ,&nbsp;Laura M. Phillips ,&nbsp;Carsten W. Mueller ,&nbsp;Jennifer Pett-Ridge ,&nbsp;Asmeret Asefaw Berhe ,&nbsp;Joseph A. Mason ,&nbsp;Erika Marín-Spiotta ,&nbsp;Marie-Anne de Graaff","doi":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109549","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109549","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Large quantities of soil carbon (C) can persist within paleosols for millennia due to burial and subsequent isolation from plant-derived inputs, atmospheric conditions, and microbial activity at the modern surface. Erosion exposes buried soils to modern root-derived C influx via root exudation and root turnover, thus stimulating microbial activity leading to SOC decomposition and accumulation through organo-mineral stabilization of modern C. With this study we aim to quantify how modern root-derived C inputs impact paleosol C decomposition and stabilization across varying degrees of isolation from modern surface conditions in southwestern Nebraska, USA, where hillslope erosion is bringing a buried Late-Pleistocene-early Holocene paleosol (the “Brady Soil”) closer to the modern surface. We collected Brady Soil samples from 0.2 m, 0.4 m, and 1.2 m below the modern surface and conducted two lab-based incubations. Soils were amended with either (1) a lab-synthesized mixture of low molecular weight compounds (12 atom% ¹³C), or (2) ¹³C enriched root residues (92 atom% ¹³C), in 30-day and 240-day incubation experiments, respectively. We determined microbial responses to synthetic root exudates and residues by partitioning the ¹³C label from Brady Soil C, including measurements of total, root, and primed C respiration, microbial biomass C (MBC), microbial C use efficiency (CUE). To assess the capacity of isolated paleosols to accrue modern plant C, we used Nano-scale Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry imaging. We found that: (1) adding root-derived C inputs primed Brady Soil C across all depths, and was mediated by depth and composition of root additions; (2) root-derived C inputs stimulated microbial biomass C (MBC) growth similarly across depths, but the magnitude of CUE and MBC varied by chemistry of root-derived additions; (3) new particulate organic matter was incorporated into mineral-associated pools over time; (4) material from the added root residues was found in association with bacterial cells and fungal hyphae as well as with soil aggregate and mineral surfaces. Our study shows that paleosols defy expectations of C content and reactivity with depth, and changes in land cover and climate will expose buried paleosols to modern surface conditions, increasing respired C. This work highlights the importance of evaluating the role resurfacing buried soils through landscape change plays in C cycle feedbacks to the climate system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21888,"journal":{"name":"Soil Biology & Biochemistry","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109549"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142048670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Liming effects on microbial carbon use efficiency and its potential consequences for soil organic carbon stocks” [Soil Biol. Biochem. 191 109342]","authors":"Julia Schroeder ,&nbsp;Claudia Dǎmǎtîrcǎ ,&nbsp;Tobias Bölscher ,&nbsp;Claire Chenu ,&nbsp;Lars Elsgaard ,&nbsp;Christoph C. Tebbe ,&nbsp;Laura Skadell ,&nbsp;Christopher Poeplau","doi":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109545","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21888,"journal":{"name":"Soil Biology & Biochemistry","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 109545"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0038071724002347/pdfft?md5=116fcbef0f082d7d47c03dbe5b9aa6b9&pid=1-s2.0-S0038071724002347-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142076347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organic fertilizer amendment decreased N2O/(N2O+N2) ratio by enhancing the mutualism between bacterial and fungal denitrifiers in high nitrogen loading arable soils","authors":"Zhijun Wei ,&nbsp;Reinhard Well ,&nbsp;Xiaofang Ma ,&nbsp;Dominika Lewicka-Szczebak ,&nbsp;Lena Rohe ,&nbsp;Guangbin Zhang ,&nbsp;Chenglin Li ,&nbsp;Jing Ma ,&nbsp;Roland Bol ,&nbsp;Hua Xu ,&nbsp;Jun Shan ,&nbsp;Xiaoyuan Yan ,&nbsp;Mehmet Senbayram","doi":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109550","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109550","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Organic fertilizer can enhance soil health and multifunctionality in agroecosystems, but its impact on soil-borne greenhouse gas emissions needs mitigation. Fungal denitrification significantly contributes to N₂O emissions in carbon-rich soils; yet, the interactions between bacterial and fungal denitrifers under organic fertilizer amendment, remain unclear. Here, we investigated the rates and proportions of N₂O and N₂ emissions, along with the interactions between fungal and bacterial denitrifiers in a high nitrogen (N) loading arable soil subjected to four treatments: ⅰ) Control, ⅱ) organic fertilizer (Manure), ⅲ) synthetic fertilizer (Urea), and ⅳ) synthetic plus organic fertilizer (Urea + Manure). Results showed that N₂O and N₂ fluxes increased by 35.4 and 7.7 folds, respectively, in the Manure treatment compared to Control treatment. And these fluxes increased by 62.9 and 37.0 folds, respectively, in the Manure + Urea treatment compared to Urea treatment. Meanwhile, the contribution of fungal denitrification to N₂O emissions significantly increased in both Manure and Urea + Manure treatments, due to the significant enrichment of keystone fungal denitrifiers like <em>Chaetomium</em> among bacterial and fungal denitrifiers’ co-occurrence networks. Additionally, N₂O/(N₂O + N₂) ratio significantly decreased in the Manure and Urea + Manure treatments, which was primarily driven by significant enrichment of keystone bacterial denitrifiers carrying <em>nosZ</em> gene such as <em>Achromobacter</em>, <em>Chelatococcus</em>, and <em>Shinella</em>. These bacteria possess complete denitrification capability and can synergize with fungal denitrifiers, enhancing N₂O reduction. Overall, our findings suggest that organic fertilizer amendment in high N loading arable soils decreases N₂O/(N₂O + N₂) ratio mainly by enhancing fungal-bacterial denitrifier mutualism.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21888,"journal":{"name":"Soil Biology & Biochemistry","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109550"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141997214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to Razavi et al. (2016) “Rhizosphere shape of lentil and maize: Spatial distribution of enzyme activities” [Soil Biol. Biochem. 96, 229–237]","authors":"Bahar S. Razavi ,&nbsp;Mohsen Zarebanadkouki ,&nbsp;Evgenia Blagodatskaya ,&nbsp;Yakov Kuzyakov","doi":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109546","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21888,"journal":{"name":"Soil Biology & Biochemistry","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 109546"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0038071724002359/pdfft?md5=6dbbac4e8666b444beda2c1d256acdd7&pid=1-s2.0-S0038071724002359-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142076348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoupling soil community structure, functional composition, and nitrogen metabolic activity driven by salinity in coastal wetlands","authors":"Mingcong Li ,&nbsp;Wenxi Zhou ,&nbsp;Mengyue Sun ,&nbsp;Wenchong Shi ,&nbsp;Jiaqi Lun ,&nbsp;Bo Zhou ,&nbsp;Lijun Hou ,&nbsp;Zheng Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Coastal wetlands, being a multifaceted and crucial global ecosystem, are facing significant impacts from diverse environmental alterations, particularly soil salinization. Concurrently, the escalation of extreme climate events, such as global warming, presents complex challenges for the protection and restoration efforts. Previous researches concerning microbial communities in the context of climate with continous line numbering change have predominantly concentrated on their structural aspects, with limited attention given to establishing relationships between community structure and functional attributes. In this study, a two-year investigation was conducted on conventional coastal wetland ecosystems, considering variations in salinity and seasonal temperature. Utilizing high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing, isotope technology, and other methods to explore the bacterial community, nitrogen cycling functional groups, and nitrogen reduction process. This research aims to assess the holistic impacts of significant global environmental changes on microbial communities. The results suggest that salinity, acting as an environmental filter, has a significant impact on the microbial community composition. It leads to a decrease in species abundance, an increase in deterministic processes and the nesting of community succession, while also reducing the stability of microbial ecological networks. The mechanism by which soil salinity impacts bacterial communities involves three main aspects: direct effects, positive climate regulation, and negative regulation of soil properties. Surprisingly, soil salinity exerts a mild inhibitory influence on microbial functional genes and metabolic activity. The primary factors involved in the nitrogen reduction process include electron donors/acceptors, types of nitrogen sources, and organic carbon. The three processes are interconnected due to the impact of environmental factors and signal transmission among microbial populations. This study offers a novel scientific framework for the rehabilitation and enhancement of saline-alkali coastal ecosystems in the face of impending global changes. It achieves this by investigating the varied response patterns exhibited by microbial communities and ecological functional metabolism under salinity-induced stress.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21888,"journal":{"name":"Soil Biology & Biochemistry","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109547"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141997215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant phenology modulates and undersown cover crops mitigate N2O emissions","authors":"Ezekiel K. Bore ,&nbsp;Pauliina Turunen ,&nbsp;Outi-Maaria Sietiö ,&nbsp;Lukas Kohl ,&nbsp;Markku I.K. Koskinen ,&nbsp;Jussi Heinonsalo ,&nbsp;Kristiina L. Karhu ,&nbsp;Mari K. Pihlatie","doi":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109548","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109548","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mitigation of N₂O emissions, a potent greenhouse gas, remain challenging due to knowledge gaps in plant-mediated nitrogen (N) transformation pathways, which limits ability to identify optimal approaches for efficient N utilization. We set up mesocosms with barley, Italian ryegrass, and barley in combination with Italian ryegrass to assess role of cover crop in N₂O emission mitigation. Soil emitted N₂O was collected simultaneously from the pots with plants at three growth stages: namely, vegetative, canopy expansion, and grain filling. The gas sample N₂O contents, N in microbial biomass (MBN), mineral N content, and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis in soils were determined at the three growth stages. Cumulatively, highest N₂O was emitted from soil under Italian ryegrass (0.056 mg N g⁻¹ soil) followed by barley (0.0051 mg N g⁻¹ soil) and the least under barley and Italian ryegrass combination (0.0014 mg N g⁻¹ soil). The high emissions under Italian ryegrass occurred at vegetative stage due to high reactive N availability. Strong emissions were observed at canopy expansion stage under barley and were linked to access to the large mineral N proportion redistributed to the lower depth as depicted by highest MBN (0.025 mg N g⁻¹ soil) and decreased extractable N (0.0068 mg N g⁻¹ soil). The high emissions under barley correlated with high fungal/bacterial ratio, pointing towards a fungal role in the emissions. The least soil N₂O emissions under barley and Italian ryegrass combination were accompanied by elimination of variations induced by the plant growth stages. Absence of <em>18:2ω6,9</em> fungal PLFA biomarker under barley and Italian ryegrass combination indicates a potential inhibition and corresponds with reduced N₂O emissions. Together, these results broaden our understanding on how plant-soil interactions drives N₂O emissions processes and improves our ability to identify optimal plant-based emission mitigation approaches.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21888,"journal":{"name":"Soil Biology & Biochemistry","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109548"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0038071724002372/pdfft?md5=7cfd9294491fb8a994c784ade33b6f15&pid=1-s2.0-S0038071724002372-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141915278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil aggregate size distribution mediates microbial responses to prolonged acid deposition in a subtropical forest in south China","authors":"Jianping Wu ,&nbsp;Xin Xiong ,&nbsp;Dafeng Hui ,&nbsp;Huiling Zhang ,&nbsp;Jianling Li ,&nbsp;Zhongbing Chang ,&nbsp;Shuo Zhang ,&nbsp;Yongxian Su ,&nbsp;Xueyan Li ,&nbsp;Deqiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Qi Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Extended exposure to acid rain has vastly limited soil microbial activity with the consequences for soil carbon (C) storage, but less is known about the microbial responses within soil aggregates that to some extent determine soil C stabilization. Here, we investigated the main microbial group compositions and the relevant potential enzyme activities within different soil aggregates sizes (microaggregates (&lt;250 μm), small macroaggregates (250–2000 μm), and microaggregates (&gt;2000 μm)) in a subtropical forest with decade-long simulated acid rain (SAR) treatments. Four SAR treatments were set by irrigating plots with water of different pH values (i.e., 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, and 4.5 as a control). Results showed that the SAR treatment significantly inhibited microbial activities, specifically decreasing both bacterial and fungal abundances, leading to declines in C-degrading potential enzyme activities. Conversely, potential enzyme activities related to phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) mineralization as well as the enzyme stoichiometry for P/N ratio significantly increased under the SAR treatment. The SAR treatment showed no significant differences in microbial abundance across the three soil aggregate sizes. However, it had a more pronounced effect on potential enzyme activities in their optimal aggregate sizes, such as hydrolytic enzymes like <em>β</em>-glucosidase in macroaggregates and oxidases like phenol oxidase and peroxidase in microaggregates. Overall, C-degrading potential enzyme activities were more strongly decreased in the microaggregates than in macroaggregates, and the distribution in aggregates was significantly altered, transforming from large to small sizes under the SAR treatment, which together may boost SOC stabilization and accumulation. Additionally, our findings indicate that prolonged acid rain also caused soil nutrient limitation and imbalance, particularly for P, in subtropical forests. This study highlights the importance of soil aggregate size in regulating microbial responses to acid rain, which should be integrated into ecosystem models to predict soil biogeochemical cycles under future climate conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21888,"journal":{"name":"Soil Biology & Biochemistry","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109544"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141979272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}