Soil Biology & Biochemistry最新文献

{"title":"Resistance and resilience of co-occurring nitrifying microbial guilds to drying-rewetting stress in soil","authors":"Laura J. Müller ,&nbsp;Mara Alicke ,&nbsp;Sana Romdhane ,&nbsp;Grace Pold ,&nbsp;Christopher M. Jones ,&nbsp;Aurélien Saghaï ,&nbsp;Sara Hallin","doi":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2025.109846","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2025.109846","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nitrification, the oxidation of ammonia via nitrite to nitrate, contributes to nitrogen losses in agricultural soils. When nitrification is a two-step process, it depends on the successful metabolic interaction between ammonia oxidising archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB), and nitrite oxidising bacteria primarily within <em>Nitrobacter</em> (NIB) and <em>Nitrospira</em> (NIS). However, consequences of dry spells caused by climate change on the composition and co-associations of these microbial guilds and the fate of nitrogen remain unclear. Here we subject four distinct soils to either one long or two shorter drought periods (7–11 % water holding capacity) followed by rewetting in a microcosm experiment to evaluate the hypothesis that drying-rewetting stress triggers distinct responses in the functional guilds due to differences in environmental preferences and adaptation strategies. While AOB were highly resistant, AOA were the most sensitive to drying among the four guilds and decreased in relative abundance. This coincided with reduced ammonia oxidation rates in three soils by on average 27 % compared to the control. However, we observed almost full recovery of AOA one week after rewetting. NIS, but not NIB, were strongly affected by rewetting with no recovery during the experiment, showing shifts in community composition and relative abundance with up to 30 % affected ASVs. Network analysis revealed that drying-rewetting affected co-occurrences between ammonia and nitrite oxidisers in a soil-dependant manner, possibly indicating a destabilisation of their metabolic interaction. Overall, this study emphasises the importance to consider weather extremes like drought on soil nitrifier community dynamics and the fate of nitrogen in soils.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21888,"journal":{"name":"Soil Biology & Biochemistry","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 109846"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143920505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term manure and mineral fertilisation drive distinct pathways of soil organic nitrogen decomposition: Insights from a 180-year-old study","authors":"Wankun Pan ,&nbsp;Sheng Tang ,&nbsp;Jingjie Zhou ,&nbsp;Wolfgang Wanek ,&nbsp;Andrew S. Gregory ,&nbsp;Tida Ge ,&nbsp;Karina A. Marsden ,&nbsp;David R. Chadwick ,&nbsp;Yongchao Liang ,&nbsp;Lianghuan Wu ,&nbsp;Qingxu Ma ,&nbsp;Davey L. Jones","doi":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2025.109840","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2025.109840","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil organic nitrogen (SON) decomposition is a fundamental process in the nitrogen (N) cycle that influences N availability for plant uptake and soil health. However, the long-term effects of nutrient fertilisation on SON decomposition and its microbial drivers remain poorly understood. Here, we used the 180-year-old Broadbalk Winter Wheat Experiment to investigate how farmyard manure (FYM), mineral fertiliser (NPK), and no fertilisation input (NIL) affect crop yield, SON turnover, microbial community composition, and functional genes. Our findings showed that distinct and complementary microbial mechanisms regulate SON decomposition under different nutrient fertilisation treatments. FYM application increased gross N mineralisation to 43.1 mg N kg⁻¹ soil d⁻¹, by doubling microbial biomass and promoting bacterial-dominated protein and peptide decomposition. During the early stage of decomposition, CO₂ release from protein and peptide turnover under FYM increased by 96 % and 44 %, respectively, compared to NIL. NPK fertilisation enhanced the decomposition of complex N compounds and promoted the turnover of high-molecular-weight N to support microbial growth by upregulating N-cycling genes and extracellular enzyme production. The carbon use efficiency of protein was increased to 0.68. NPK fertilisation also stimulated fungal and Actinobacteria populations, accelerating the turnover rate of peptides and amino acids to 22.7 and 2.4 mg N kg⁻¹ soil d⁻¹, respectively. These results provide new insights into how nutrient fertilisation practices affect microbialy-mediated N dynamics and crop productivity, emphasising the importance of microbial functional diversity in supporting soil N cycling and fertility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21888,"journal":{"name":"Soil Biology & Biochemistry","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 109840"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143901183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contribution of microbial necromass to soil organic carbon in profile depths exhibited opposite patterns across ecosystems: A global meta-analysis","authors":"Lechisa Takele ,&nbsp;Songyu Yang ,&nbsp;Zengming Chen ,&nbsp;Junji Yuan ,&nbsp;Weixin Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2025.109842","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2025.109842","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microbial necromass carbon (MNC) is a crucial component of soil organic carbon (SOC) and plays a significant role in long-term carbon sequestration. However, the distribution patterns of MNC across soil profiles remain poorly understood. Here, we compiled a dataset of 1447 observations from depths of up to 1 m across cropland, forest, and grassland ecosystems to evaluate the distribution and key influencing factors of MNC. MNC content consistently decreased from 9.3 g kg⁻¹ in topsoil (0–20 cm) to 2.4 g kg⁻¹ in deep soil (60–100 cm), regardless of ecosystem types. Fungal necromass contributed more to SOC in topsoil, whereas bacterial necromass dominated deeper soil profiles. The MNC/SOC ratio decreased from 50.9 % in topsoil to 34.2 % in deep soil for croplands. In contrast, the MNC/SOC ratio increased from 26.2 % in topsoil to 44.2 % in deep soil for forestland and increased from 39.7 % in the topsoil to 52.2 % in the subsoil (40–60 cm) for grassland. Cropland topsoil exhibited a low proportion of large macroaggregates, which were negatively correlated with the MNC/SOC ratio and microbial quotient. This suggests possible destabilization of plant-derived carbon due to intensified microbial activity from macroaggregate disruption. The microbial necromass accumulation coefficient (MNC/microbial biomass C) decreased with soil depth in croplands but increased in forests and grasslands. Nitrogen availability and clay content were the primary regulators of the MNC/SOC ratio in cropland topsoil, whereas the C/N ratio was the dominant controlling factor in forests and grasslands. These results suggest that the MNC/SOC ratio in cropland topsoil is associated with rapid microbial turnover due to high nitrogen availability, coupled with MNC stabilization promoted by high clay content. Overall, our results indicated that MNC/SOC ratio was more important in deep soil than in topsoil and showed an opposite pattern in cropland. This highlights a potential strategy for enhancing SOC in croplands by promoting the stabilization of plant-derived carbon through macroaggregate formation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21888,"journal":{"name":"Soil Biology & Biochemistry","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 109842"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143897523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Large underestimations of warming-induced soil carbon emissions from oversimplistic Q10 indicator","authors":"Gabriel Y.K. Moinet ,&nbsp;Karen Morán-Rivera ,&nbsp;Antoine Moinet ,&nbsp;Alexandre M.J.-C. Wadoux","doi":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2025.109839","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2025.109839","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The sensitivity of soil microbial respiration to climate warming is a major source of uncertainty in predicting soil carbon (C) emissions to the atmosphere and their feedback to climate change. One key issue is the persistent misuse of <em>Q</em>₁₀, the factor by which respiration rate is multiplied for a 10 °C increase in temperature, as an indicator of the temperature sensitivity. Despite ample empirical and theoretical evidence that <em>Q</em>₁₀ is temperature-dependent, most publications on the topic continue to measure and conceptualise <em>Q</em>₁₀ as being independent of temperature. Here, we analyse a published dataset of temperature incubations of soil microbial respiration across a global latitudinal gradient and project the resulting sensitivities onto global maps under four climate change scenarios. We reveal that omitting to account for the temperature dependence of <em>Q</em>₁₀ leads to an underestimation of global soil C emissions from 2015 to 2100 ranging from 5.5 ± 2.4 PgC to 10.4 ± 6.9 PgC across different climate change scenarios. Moreover, beyond uncertainties in predictions of global soil C emissions, modelling inaccuracies are geographically skewed, with large underestimations at high latitudes (of up to 34 MgC ha⁻¹) and overestimations in warmer regions (of up to 12 MgC ha⁻¹). The disparate regional patterns have large implications for land stewardship, as management efforts could overlook soil C losses in vulnerable septentrional areas while unnecessary interventions could be recommended in tropical regions where soil C sequestration may not be as pressing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21888,"journal":{"name":"Soil Biology & Biochemistry","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 109839"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143880787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced understanding of soil methane processes through modeling microbial kinetics and taxonomy","authors":"Shuhao Zhou ,&nbsp;Gangsheng Wang ,&nbsp;Wenjuan Huang ,&nbsp;Kefeng Wang ,&nbsp;Liping Zhang ,&nbsp;Zehao Lv ,&nbsp;Yajing Han ,&nbsp;Shanshan Qi ,&nbsp;Wei Zhang ,&nbsp;Daifeng Xiang ,&nbsp;Steven J. Hall","doi":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2025.109838","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2025.109838","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil methane (CH₄) emissions significantly impact climate change. However, microbial controls of CH₄ in global carbon cycle gain less attention than CO₂, hindering the understanding of CH₄ processes. Here, stemming from a baseline model (MENDmm1) with one microbial group, we developed a microbial-explicit CH₄ model by representing six microbial groups following Michaelis-Menten kinetics (MENDmm6). We compared MENDmm6 with MENDfo6 (first-order kinetics) and MENDmm5 (excluding syntrophic acetate oxidation, SAO), alongside MENDmm1. Split-sample calibration and validation were conducted using high-temporal-resolution CO₂ and CH₄ effluxes from two soils (Oxisol and Mollisol) under five oxygen-fluctuation treatments. MENDmm6 (mean <em>R</em>² = 0.66) improved CH₄ modeling by 47 % over MENDmm1 (mean <em>R</em>² = 0.45), with a 15 % improvement for CO₂. MENDmm6-simulated methanogenic and methanotrophic biomass closely matched observed OTU abundances (<em>r</em> = 0.69–0.94), except for methanotrophs in the Oxisol (<em>r</em> = 0.13). Furthermore, including microbial processes without explicit microbial kinetics (MENDfo6) did not improve model performance over MENDmm1. Neglecting SAO in MENDmm5 failed to explain the observed hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis dominance. Our results emphasize the significance of explicit microbial communities and kinetics in CH₄ modeling. The proposed MENDmm6 model, leveraging molecular measurements of CH₄-cycling microbes, will enhance predictions of management impacts on CH₄ emissions, crucial for climate mitigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21888,"journal":{"name":"Soil Biology & Biochemistry","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 109838"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maize roots modulate microbial functional traits in the rhizosphere to mitigate drought stress","authors":"María Martín Roldán ,&nbsp;Henrike Würsig ,&nbsp;Mika T. Tarkka ,&nbsp;Roman P. Hartwig ,&nbsp;Monika A. Wimmer ,&nbsp;Evgenia Blagodatskaya","doi":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2025.109837","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2025.109837","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drought affects soil C sequestration by altering the availability of nutrients to plants and microorganisms. However, the mechanisms of plant-microbe interactions and the potential role of root hairs, which enlarge the root-soil interface, in maintaining rhizosphere processes under drought remain uncertain. We investigated the effect of a 7-day drought on root gene expression in two maize plants, a root hair-deficient mutant and its corresponding wild-type, and its correlation with rhizosphere functions: microbial growth and enzyme kinetics related to organic matter decomposition. Under drought, roots reduced the expression of several <em>chitinase</em>, <em>acid phosphatase</em> and pathogenesis-related genes. In parallel, drought reduced the maximum enzymatic rate of β-glucosidase and acid phosphatase by 3.5- and 1.9-fold, respectively, while the affinity of these enzymes in the rhizosphere increased by 35 and 71 %, respectively, compared to the well-watered treatment. The effect of drought was more pronounced in the rhizosphere of wild-type maize than in that of the mutant. Notably, leucine aminopeptidase and N-acetylglucosaminidase did not respond to drought. Inhibition by high substrate concentrations was observed for β-glucosidase and acid phosphatase only under drought, highlighting the potential use of the substrate inhibition model as a complementary indicator of altered enzyme systems in response to environmental regulators. Finally, drought prolonged the microbial lag phase by up to 24 h and reduced the microbial specific growth rate by up to 36 % compared to the well-watered treatment. The maximum specific growth rate recovered after rewetting of the soil, demonstrating the sustainability of microbial function after a short-term drought.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21888,"journal":{"name":"Soil Biology & Biochemistry","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 109837"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143862403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological traits of high-affinity hydrogen-oxidizing soil bacteria involved in the hydrogen cycle","authors":"Lijun Hou ,&nbsp;Joann K. Whalen ,&nbsp;Philippe Constant","doi":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2025.109831","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2025.109831","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Every year, soil microbial-mediated hydrogen (H₂) oxidation removes about 80 % of the global atmospheric H₂, an indirect greenhouse gas. Soil-dwelling high-affinity H₂ oxidizing bacteria use this trace gas as an energy source to persist when other substrates are limited or to meet their maintenance energy requirements during dormancy. However, there is limited knowledge of the distribution, composition, diversity, and functions of this group of bacteria, particularly their ecological traits (i.e., characteristics that influence their interactions with the environment and other organisms). This is because the high-affinity H₂-oxidizing bacteria are not phylogenetically conserved, potentially due to the horizontal transfer of their functional gene, which still needs to be demonstrated. This makes it difficult to answer ecological questions related to the distribution, functional role, and ecological contribution of H₂-oxidizing bacteria in the soil H₂ cycle, as well as their responses to environmental factors. Such information is needed to estimate the contribution of the H₂-oxidizing bacteria to the global H₂ cycle. Although many H₂-oxidizing bacteria are not culturable, they may share similar ecological traits when responding to environmental changes, such as pH, moisture content, and H₂ concentrations. Therefore, a community or guild-level trait-based approach (defined as the analysis of functional traits shared by groups of bacteria (guilds) that perform similar ecological roles) could be useful to synthesize complex genomic and phylogenetic information. This review discusses the impact of soil environmental factors on soil H₂ uptake (by oxidation), and identifies ecological response traits under controlled conditions. Our approach connects the biological activity of the H₂-oxidizing bacteria to their resident environment, for scaling up and estimating the capacity of soil microbial communities to mitigate global warming linked to increased atmospheric H₂.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21888,"journal":{"name":"Soil Biology & Biochemistry","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 109831"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143857801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High soil salinity reduces straw decomposition but primes soil organic carbon loss","authors":"Mengmeng Chen ,&nbsp;Yakov Kuzyakov ,&nbsp;Jie Zhou ,&nbsp;Kazem Zamanian ,&nbsp;Shang Wang ,&nbsp;Khatab Abdalla ,&nbsp;Jing Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaobin Li ,&nbsp;Haoruo Li ,&nbsp;Hongyuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Kevin Z. Mganga ,&nbsp;Yuyi Li ,&nbsp;Evgenia Blagodatskaya","doi":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2025.109835","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2025.109835","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Straw incorporation is a widely recommended agronomic practice to increase organic carbon (C) in saline soil. The mechanism of straw induced priming effect (PE) on soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition is likely to be influenced by salinity, which may stimulate microbial processes and enzyme activity because of osmotic stress and nutrient resource limitation. We incubated ¹³C-labeled straw in soil for 90 d under three salinity levels: low electrical conductivity (EC_1:5) of 0.31 dS m⁻¹, medium EC_1:5 of 0.97 dS m⁻¹, and high EC_1:5 of 1.6 dS m⁻¹). During the first 15 d, the low salinity soil had 31 % greater PE than the high salinity soil, apparently due to microbial preference for labile straw-derived C over SOM under negligible osmotic stress. This trend was reversed from day 30 onward, with medium-and high-salinity soil showing amplified PE (1.1-fold and 1.7-fold increase respectively versus low-salinity control), associated with microbial N limitation (inorganic N dropped more than 16 %) and dominance of copiotrophic taxa: Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, Ascomycota. High salinity decreased microbial biomass and diversity, and slowed down straw decomposition, which lowered necromass by 13 % and increased plant-derived C by 6.9 % compared to low soil salinity. Quantitative modeling demonstrated linear salinity effects on C cycling - each 1 dS m⁻¹ increase in soil EC_1:5 amplified the annual PE by 930 mg C kg⁻¹ soil year⁻¹ and reduced the net C balance by 3.8 g C kg⁻¹ soil. Therefore, high soil salinity enhances SOM loss, while increase in straw-derived C primarily comes from plant-derived C rather necromass C. Our findings make the connection between soil salinity and C dynamics in straw-remediated saline soil, which is linked to the C sequestration potential of saline lands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21888,"journal":{"name":"Soil Biology & Biochemistry","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 109835"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143849372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Belowground plant carbon and nitrogen exchange: plant-derived carbon inputs and pore structure formation","authors":"Jin Ho Lee ,&nbsp;Tayler C. Ulbrich ,&nbsp;Maxwell Oerther ,&nbsp;Yakov Kuzyakov ,&nbsp;Andrey K. Guber ,&nbsp;Alexandra N. Kravchenko","doi":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2025.109833","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2025.109833","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Belowground plant transfer of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) can benefit soil ecosystems, increasing soil C gains and plant N availability, while improving soil pore structure. We explored such transfers among three plant species of North American prairie, where C and N were transferred from a grass (<em>Panicum virgatum</em> L., switchgrass (Sgrass)) to either a legume (<em>Lespedeza capitata</em> Michx., bush clover (Bclover)), a forb (<em>Rudbeckia hirta</em> L., black-eyed Susan (BSforb)), or a mixture of the two. The plants were grown either with/out direct root contact, thus allowing assessment of the relative contributions of fungal- and root-based transfer pathways. The Sgrass was labeled with ¹³C and ¹⁵N, and C and N transfers were assessed by measuring isotope enrichment of roots and aboveground biomass of neighboring plants. Soil inputs of plant-derived C and N were assessed by isotope analyses of the rhizosphere soil. X-ray computed tomography was used for pore structure analyses. Carbon transfer was much higher in the presence of direct/close root contact between source and recipient plants, yet N transfers appeared to be mainly fungal driven. While C and N were readily transferred from Sgrass to other Sgrass and Bclover neighbors, transfers to BSforb were negligible. However, in a three species system, the presence of the legume enhanced C and N transfers to BSforb, suggesting non-additive influences of diverse plant community composition. The more plant-derived C and N was found in the rhizosphere of recipient plants, the greater C and N transfers through roots. Greater C and N transfers were associated with increases in 8–30 μm diameter pores and decreases in &gt;150 μm pores. Summarily, diverse plant communities, especially those with legumes, increase C and N transfers, which then benefit soil C inputs and its protection via changes in pore structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21888,"journal":{"name":"Soil Biology & Biochemistry","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 109833"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143849400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intracellular carbon storage of microorganisms and resulting C sequestration in biosolids-amended agricultural soil","authors":"Guanglong Tian,&nbsp;Olawale Oladeji,&nbsp;Benjamin Morgan,&nbsp;Essam El-Naggar,&nbsp;Albert Cox,&nbsp;Heng Zhang,&nbsp;Edward Podczerwinski","doi":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2025.109836","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2025.109836","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To advance our understanding of how biosolids drive soil microorganisms to contribute to carbon sequestration in agricultural soil, we quantified microbial intracellular C storage using neutral lipid fatty acids (NLFA), microbial structural biomass using phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA), and soil C sequestration by analyzing soil organic C (SOC) changes. Soil samples were collected in 2024 and several other years since 2008 in Fulton County, western Illinois, in six agricultural fields treated with biosolids (1972–1984) at 550 Mg ha⁻¹ cumulatively, five control fields received agronomic rates of chemical fertilizer, and one reference field (the highest SOC in the region). Biosolids-amended soil showed a higher NLFA per unit of PLFA (NLFA/PLFA ratio) than conventional fertilizer soil, especially for bacteria, indicating higher microbial intracellular C storage as NLFA in biosolids-amended soil. In particular, the NLFA/PLFA ratio was almost fourfold higher for Actinomycetes markers, threefold higher for Gram+ bacteria, and twofold higher for Gram- bacteria in biosolids-amended soil than in conventional fertilizer soil. Bacteria in biosolids-amended soil were evidently better supported with higher active SOC and water-holding capacity than in conventional fertilizer soil. The new SOC equilibrium 40 years after the last biosolids application was 3.18 ± 0.08 % in biosolids-amended soil, 1.26 ± 0.02 % in conventional fertilizer soil, and 2.24 ± 0.07 % in reference soil. Resulting mean net soil C sequestration in response to biosolids application was 37.1 ± 4.2 Mg ha⁻¹ compared to 3.9 ± 0.2 Mg ha⁻¹ in conventional fertilizer soil. Greenhouse gas emission reduction by biosolids application was estimated to be on average 0.59 Mg CO₂-equivalent Mg biosolids⁻¹. Microbes associated with biosolids addition have the potential to improve SOC levels for agricultural soil C sequestration via their superior NLFA intracellular storage potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21888,"journal":{"name":"Soil Biology & Biochemistry","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 109836"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143849399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}