STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research最新文献_第2页

Close management of sheep in ancient Central Asia: evidence for foddering, transhumance, and extended lambing seasons during the Bronze and Iron Ages 古代中亚对绵羊的严密管理:青铜器和铁器时代饲养、迁移和延长产羔季节的证据

STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/20548923.2020.1759316

A. R. Ventresca Miller, A. Haruda, V. Varfolomeev, A. Goryachev, C. Makarewicz

{"title":"Close management of sheep in ancient Central Asia: evidence for foddering, transhumance, and extended lambing seasons during the Bronze and Iron Ages","authors":"A. R. Ventresca Miller, A. Haruda, V. Varfolomeev, A. Goryachev, C. Makarewicz","doi":"10.1080/20548923.2020.1759316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20548923.2020.1759316","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Pastoralism in Central Asia directed the utilization of natural resources, yet information on livestock management strategies remain scarce. Carbon (δ13C) and oxygen (δ18O) isotope analyses of domesticated sheep teeth are used to identify animal management strategies. Sheep from Kent exhibit an inverserelationship where low δ18O values coincide with high δ13C values, consistent with the foddering of caprines in the winter for this location which occursalongside evidence for an extended lambing season. At the high altitude encampment of Turgen, Bronze Age sheep exhibit low δ18O values that coincide withhigh δ13C values, suggesting that livestock were moved to low altitude pastures in the winter months. Iron Age sheep sequences also have an inverserelationship, where low δ18O values coincide with high δ13C values, yet high δ13C values in the winter suggest that livestock were foddered. Our findingsindicate variation in livestock management strategies with distinct adaptations to local ecologies.","PeriodicalId":21858,"journal":{"name":"STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77748773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19

Laser ablation strontium isotope analysis of human remains from Harlaa and Sofi, eastern Ethiopia, and the implications for Islamisation and mobility 埃塞俄比亚东部Harlaa和Sofi地区人类遗骸的激光烧蚀锶同位素分析及其对伊斯兰化和流动性的影响

STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/20548923.2020.1843266

A. Pryor, T. Insoll, L. Evis

引用次数: 8

Movement of agricultural products in the Scandinavian Iron Age during the first millennium AD: 87Sr/86Sr values of archaeological crops and animals in southern Sweden 公元一千年斯堪的纳维亚铁器时代的农产品运动:瑞典南部考古作物和动物的87Sr/86Sr值

STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/20548923.2020.1840121

Mikael Larsson, Ola Magnell, Amy K. Styring, P. Lagerås, J. Evans

{"title":"Movement of agricultural products in the Scandinavian Iron Age during the first millennium AD: 87Sr/86Sr values of archaeological crops and animals in southern Sweden","authors":"Mikael Larsson, Ola Magnell, Amy K. Styring, P. Lagerås, J. Evans","doi":"10.1080/20548923.2020.1840121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20548923.2020.1840121","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this paper, we examine the exchange of crops and livestock through the application of strontium (87Sr/86Sr) isotope analysis on cereal grains and faunal tooth enamel from the regional center of Uppåkra and three nearby settlements in Scania, southern Sweden, dating to the first millennium AD. Around a third of the fauna have non-local 87Sr/86Sr values, indicating the import of livestock from several different regions. After cleaning, almost all of the cereal grains have non-local 87Sr/86Sr values, which is surprising given the nearby abundance of fertile agricultural soils. We therefore suggest considering non-locally grown crops to be those whose 87Sr/86Sr values fall outside the normal distribution; if this approach is used, around 20% of the analyzed crop samples are interpreted as having grown non-locally. This study demonstrates the potential of combining strontium isotopic data of archaeobotanical and zooarchaeological material for gaining insights into the movement of agricultural products in prehistory. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":21858,"journal":{"name":"STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79960653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Releasing the microbes from old bones: the effect of different DNA extraction protocols on microbial community profiling 从老骨头中释放微生物:不同DNA提取方案对微生物群落分析的影响

STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/20548923.2020.1738115

A. Eriksen, Lara Puetz, C. Rocha, T. K. Nielsen, L. Hansen, M. Gilbert

引用次数: 4

A versatile mechanized setup for controlled experiments in archeology 用于考古学控制实验的多功能机械化装置

STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/20548923.2020.1757899

I. Calandra, Walter Gneisinger, João Marreiros

引用次数: 15

A conscious rethink: Why is brain tissue commonly preserved in the archaeological record? Commentary on: Petrone P, Pucci P, Niola M, et al. Heat-induced brain vitrification from the Vesuvius eruption in C.E. 79. N Engl J Med 2020;382:383-4. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMc1909867 一个有意识的反思:为什么脑组织通常被保存在考古记录中?评论:Petrone P, Pucci P, Niola M，等。公元79年维苏威火山喷发的热致脑玻璃化。中国生物医学工程杂志(英文版);2009;32(3):391 - 391。DOI: 10.1056 / NEJMc1909867

STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/20548923.2020.1815398

Alexandra L. Morton-Hayward, T. Thompson, J. Thomas-Oates, S. Buckley, A. Petzold, Abigail Ramsøe, S. O’Connor, M. Collins

{"title":"A conscious rethink: Why is brain tissue commonly preserved in the archaeological record? Commentary on: Petrone P, Pucci P, Niola M, et al. Heat-induced brain vitrification from the Vesuvius eruption in C.E. 79. N Engl J Med 2020;382:383-4. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMc1909867","authors":"Alexandra L. Morton-Hayward, T. Thompson, J. Thomas-Oates, S. Buckley, A. Petzold, Abigail Ramsøe, S. O’Connor, M. Collins","doi":"10.1080/20548923.2020.1815398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20548923.2020.1815398","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Brain tissue is ubiquitous in the archaeological record. Multiple, independent studies report the finding of black, resinous or shiny brain tissue, and Petrone et al. [2020 “Heat-induced Brain Vitrification from the Vesuvius Eruption in C.E. 79.” N Engl J Med. 382: 383–384; doi:10.1056/NEJMc1909867] raise the intriguing prospect of a role for vitrification in the preservation of ancient biomolecules. However, Petrone et al. (2020) have not made their raw data available, and no detailed laboratory or analytical methodology is offered. Issues of contamination and misinterpretation hampered a decade of research in biomolecular archaeology, such that addressing these sources of bias and facilitating validation of specious findings has become both routine and of paramount importance in the discipline. We argue that the evidence they present does not support their conclusion of heat-induced vitrification of human brain tissue, and that future studies should share palaeoproteomic data in an open access repository to facilitate comparative analysis of the recovery of ancient proteins and patterns of their degradation. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":21858,"journal":{"name":"STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79230183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Is it possible to identify ancient wine production using biomolecular approaches? 是否有可能用生物分子方法来鉴定古代葡萄酒的生产?

STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/20548923.2020.1738728

L. Drieu, M. Rageot, N. Wales, B. Stern, J. Lundy, Maximilian Zerrer, Isabella Gaffney, M. Bondetti, C. Spiteri, J. Thomas-Oates, O. Craig

引用次数: 29

A petrographic and chemical analysis of Trinidad pre-colonial ceramics 特立尼达殖民地前陶瓷的岩石学和化学分析

STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/20548923.2020.1771898

Anneleen Stienaers, B. Neyt, C. Hofman, P. Degryse

引用次数: 5

Experimental investigation of ceramic technology and plant food cooking in Neolithic northern Greece 新石器时代希腊北部陶瓷技术和植物食品烹饪的实验研究

STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research Pub Date : 2019-12-16 DOI: 10.1080/20548923.2020.1762370

A. Dimoula, Z. Tsirtsoni, Paraskevi Yiouni, Ioannis Stagkidis, M. Ntinou, Sandra Prevost-Dermarkar, E. Papadopoulou, S. Valamoti

{"title":"Experimental investigation of ceramic technology and plant food cooking in Neolithic northern Greece","authors":"A. Dimoula, Z. Tsirtsoni, Paraskevi Yiouni, Ioannis Stagkidis, M. Ntinou, Sandra Prevost-Dermarkar, E. Papadopoulou, S. Valamoti","doi":"10.1080/20548923.2020.1762370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20548923.2020.1762370","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The paper discusses aspects of cooking pottery technology and operation through observations made in a series of experiments, utilizing the results of archaeological ceramic analysis in Neolithic northern Greece. The first stage of experiments focused on the experimental manufacture of three types of cooking pots, following the Neolithic techniques, from raw material processing to firing. In the second stage the pots were used in cooking performances, using structures, fuel and contents identified in the archaeological record. The qualitative data generated allow for testing a series of archaeological assumptions on ceramic technology, particularly vessel building and firing, along with the effects of cooking on pots. Moreover, experimental cooking provided insight to the relations between the different participant parts, highlighting the pivotal relation of cooking pots to fuel and different cooking modes. This pilot study aspires to endorse ceramicists to refine protocols for future experiments and analyses on cooking technologies. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":21858,"journal":{"name":"STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77720638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Polysaccharide remains in Maya mural paintings: is it an evidence of the use of plant gums as binding medium of pigments and additive in the mortar? 玛雅壁画中的多糖残留物:这是使用植物胶作为颜料和砂浆添加剂的结合介质的证据吗?

STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research Pub Date : 2019-12-16 DOI: 10.1080/20548923.2020.1720377

Núria Guasch-Ferré, J. L. Pérez, M. Pascual, L. Osete-Cortina, M. Doménech-Carbó

{"title":"Polysaccharide remains in Maya mural paintings: is it an evidence of the use of plant gums as binding medium of pigments and additive in the mortar?","authors":"Núria Guasch-Ferré, J. L. Pérez, M. Pascual, L. Osete-Cortina, M. Doménech-Carbó","doi":"10.1080/20548923.2020.1720377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20548923.2020.1720377","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 A number of monosaccharides characteristic of plant gums were found in paint layers and preparation layers of samples of Maya mural paintings of 10 archaeological sites located in Campeche and Yucatan regions. This finding opens the question about the deliberate use of these organic polymers as additives for improving workability and mechanical properties in the preparation layer mortar and conferring cohesion to the pigments in the paint layer. The study performed by GC-MS has confirmed the presence, in significant amounts, of a series of monosaccharides, being glucose and mannose between the most abundantly found. Nevertheless, the low amount present in most of the samples hindered the quantification of the relative proportion of monosaccharides necessary for identifying the botanical species of the plant gum. According to the accepted methodology used by Maya artists for preparing painting materials, bark of trees containing plant gums was added to the slaked lime stored in pools and that should be consistent with the notable amounts of glucose, mannose and other monosaccharides forming the skeleton of hemicelluloses and cellulose found in most of the samples. Although organic matter can be present in paint samples exposed to the external environment in Mesoamerican region as result of the microbiological activity, marker compounds characteristic of products resulting from their metabolism were not found in the studied samples.","PeriodicalId":21858,"journal":{"name":"STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84514916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3