Jose Manuel Jurado-Castro, Belén Pastor-Villaescusa, Cristina Castro-Collado, Mercedes Gil-Campos, Rosaura Leis, Nancy Babio, Luis A Moreno, Santiago Navas-Carretero, Olga Portolés, Ana Moreira Echeverría, Maria Jose De La Torre-Aguilar, Rosaura Picáns-Leis, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, Pilar de Miguel-Etayo, Katherine Flores-Rojas, Rocío Vázquez-Cobela, Júlia Valero Sales, Maria L Miguel-Berges, Isabel Izquierdo-López, Carlos Gómez-Martínez, Diana Paola Córdoba-Rodríguez, Gisela Mimbrero, Francisco Jesus Llorente-Cantarero
{"title":"Evaluation of Physical Activity, Sedentary Patterns, and Lifestyle Behavior in Spanish Preschool Children from the CORALS Cohort.","authors":"Jose Manuel Jurado-Castro, Belén Pastor-Villaescusa, Cristina Castro-Collado, Mercedes Gil-Campos, Rosaura Leis, Nancy Babio, Luis A Moreno, Santiago Navas-Carretero, Olga Portolés, Ana Moreira Echeverría, Maria Jose De La Torre-Aguilar, Rosaura Picáns-Leis, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, Pilar de Miguel-Etayo, Katherine Flores-Rojas, Rocío Vázquez-Cobela, Júlia Valero Sales, Maria L Miguel-Berges, Isabel Izquierdo-López, Carlos Gómez-Martínez, Diana Paola Córdoba-Rodríguez, Gisela Mimbrero, Francisco Jesus Llorente-Cantarero","doi":"10.1186/s40798-025-00865-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40798-025-00865-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Physical activity (PA) and sedentary lifestyle are recognized as modifiable risk factors for non-communicable diseases. Healthy habits in early childhood tend to persist throughout life. This study aims to evaluate the physical activity and sedentary behavior patterns in a cohort of Spanish preschool children using device-based measures, and compare these patterns by sex. This study analyzed a sample of 643 preschoolers aged 3-6 years with valid accelerometry data from the Childhood Obesity Risk Assessment Longitudinal Study (CORALS) cohort (NCT06317883; May 30, 2024).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>67% of preschoolers met the international PA recommendations, with 72.1 min of moderate-vigorous PA (MVPA) per day. Boys exhibited higher levels of MVPA than girls, and MVPA increased with age in both groups. Sedentary time was higher on weekends, and boys spent more time watching TV than girls. Involvement in extracurricular sports was reported by 67.5% of children, with boys showing a greater engagement in outdoor activities.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A relevant proportion of Spanish preschool children meet the international PA recommendations, with variations based on sex, age, and day of the week, reflecting global trends at this stage of life. Future interventions should address sex-specific preferences and age-related changes to enhance the effectiveness of promoting active lifestyles in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":21788,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine - Open","volume":"11 1","pages":"71"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149387/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144258931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christopher Neason, Claire L Samanna, Scott D Tagliaferri, Daniel L Belavý, Paul Buntine, Matthew J Clarkson, Clint T Miller, Ulrike H Mitchell, Niamh L Mundell, David Scott, Patrick J Owen
{"title":"Fears and beliefs about running in adults with chronic low back pain: a mixed methods study from the ASTEROID randomised controlled trial.","authors":"Christopher Neason, Claire L Samanna, Scott D Tagliaferri, Daniel L Belavý, Paul Buntine, Matthew J Clarkson, Clint T Miller, Ulrike H Mitchell, Niamh L Mundell, David Scott, Patrick J Owen","doi":"10.1186/s40798-025-00861-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40798-025-00861-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The stigma that running is unsafe for people with chronic low back pain (LBP) persists, despite recent studies showing that running training is feasible and beneficial in chronic LBP. We examined the beliefs about running in adults with chronic LBP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty adults (20 female, mean [SD] age 33 [6] years) with non-specific chronic LBP were randomised to a 12 week digitally-delivered run-walk interval training intervention or waitlist control (ACTRN12622001276741). Participants completed the activity specific beliefs questionnaire (4-point Likert scale) and recorded pain intensity at baseline and 12 weeks. Running intervention participants (n = 19) completed semi-structured qualitative interviews at 12 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prior to randomisation, 10 participants (25%; intervention: n = 6) reported that running was unsafe. At follow-up, greater mean improvements were seen in the intervention group in the belief that running is safe. Specifically, belief in the safety of running on gravel (β [95%CI] 0.52[0.20, 0.84] points, P = 0.001), pavement (β [95%CI] 0.54[0.18, 0.89] points, P = 0.003), treadmill (β [95%CI] 0.49[0.14, 0.84] points, P = 0.006), and sprinting (β [95%CI]: 0.56[0.06, 1.06] points, P = 0.029) improved more than in the control group. Reflexive thematic analysis identified four themes: (a) fear and concerns that running may increase pain or lead to an injury, (b) negative beliefs are influenced by healthcare professionals and past experience, (c) fears can be overcome and be replaced with new beliefs, and (d) positive experience drives change in beliefs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Completing a 12 week run-walk interval training intervention led to more positive beliefs about running in adults with chronic LBP. The identified themes can assist clinicians in addressing barriers and facilitators to implementing running interventions for chronic LBP.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12622001276741. Registered on 29 September 2022.</p>","PeriodicalId":21788,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine - Open","volume":"11 1","pages":"66"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12146238/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144249404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Inconsistent Effects of Experience on Running Biomechanics May be Influenced by Study Heterogeneity and Classification Criteria: a Systematic Review and Proposal of a Revised Taxonomy.","authors":"Rodrigo Rabello, Gauri A Desai, Allison H Gruber","doi":"10.1186/s40798-025-00870-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40798-025-00870-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Less-experienced runners are proposed to sustain more running related injuries (RRIs) than more-experienced runners because of differences in their gait biomechanics. However, the effects of running experience on biomechanics remain inconclusive. The objective of this systematic review was to examine the evidence concerning the influence of experience on running biomechanics and summarize the criteria used to classify running experience. A classification procedure for running experience was proposed based on the results.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five common databases were searched for relevant articles following PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO_ID CRD42022296734) and the PICO framework. Peer-reviewed research reporting a statistical effect of running experience on running gait biomechanics in adults (18-65 years) were included. Exclusion criteria were: subjects with current pathologies or symptomatic injuries; reporting running only barefoot, in minimalist shoes, during sprinting, or incline/decline running; classified experience only through performance-related measures; or did not specify running experience group definition. Risk of bias was assessed with the Downs and Black checklist. Extracted data were organized in tables and synthesized descriptively due to study heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-eight studies with 916 total subjects were included. Although most studies found significance in their comparisons, no studies comparing similar gait variables found the same statistical result. Some variables compared between experience levels were examined in only one study. Experience classification criteria were inconsistent between studies; cut-offs for more-experienced ranged between 2 and 10 years and/or 15-50 km/week and cut-offs for less-experienced ranged between 0.5 and 3 years and/or 0-20 km/week. Meta-analysis was not possible due to heterogeneity among the included studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Effects of experience on running mechanics were inconsistent in the current literature. The lack of consistent findings may be due to the heterogeneous criteria used to classify runners into experience groups and the inconsistency of the variables investigated. Replication studies, heterogeneous study design, and longitudinal studies are needed to determine if or how running biomechanics change as runners gain experience. Heterogeneous study designs must begin with standard experience classification criteria for the effect of experience on running biomechanics to be identified. We propose an updated taxonomy to classify runners into groups considering three facets: exposure, performance, and intention.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>PROSPERO ID CRD42022296734. Registered 28 September 2022-Retrospectively registered, https://www.chictr.org.cn/bin/project/edit?pid=149714 .</p>","PeriodicalId":21788,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine - Open","volume":"11 1","pages":"69"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12146231/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144249405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
José M González-Ravé, Fernando González-Mohino, Francisco Hermosilla Perona, Victor Rodrigo-Carranza, Inmaculada Yustres, David B Pyne
{"title":"Biomechanical, Physiological and Anthropometric Determinants of Backstroke Swimming Performance: A Systematic Review.","authors":"José M González-Ravé, Fernando González-Mohino, Francisco Hermosilla Perona, Victor Rodrigo-Carranza, Inmaculada Yustres, David B Pyne","doi":"10.1186/s40798-025-00868-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40798-025-00868-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Backstroke swimming is one of the four competitive strokes contested at international swimming events, and the second-slowest stroke after breaststroke. Achieving success in competition depends on the intricate interplay of various factors, and for top-ranked athletes, subtle differences can be decisive in determining the race outcome. The aim of this study is to identify the main energetic, biomechanical, and physiological factors influencing elite backstroke swimming performance in 50, 100, and 200-m events.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used to identify relevant studies. A literature search on 3 databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science) was finalised on September 26, 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 938 studies were identified, and finally 35 studies met the inclusion criteria. The swimmers (n = 507 participants, n = 188 women) were classified as Tier 3 (Highly Trained/National Level) or Tier 4 (International Level). Studies included exhibited a low risk of bias following the Hindle scale (11 ± 2 points). All the studies were observational. Reference values have been provided with normative blood lactate, kinematics, race pace, performance testing and anthropometric characteristics for comparison purposes in 50, 100, and 200-m events. Post-race blood lactate concentrations were lower in the 50 m compared to the 100 m and 200 m events. Differences were evident in stroke rate (SR) reference ranges between events (50 m, 100 m, 200 m), anthropometric profiles (swimmers' height and hand, foot, and leg length), and pacing profiles (50 m: all-out trend; 100 m: positive profile; 200 m: parabolic approach or fast-track strategy).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is a distinctive physiological and biomechanical pattern for distances from 50-m to 200-m in backstroke swimming. The data provide athletes and coaches with normative reference values for blood lactate, kinematics, race pace, and anthropometric measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":21788,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine - Open","volume":"11 1","pages":"68"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12146239/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144249401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xue Zhou, Yao Yang, Liwen Zhai, Jianing Gan, Conghui Li, Yi Zhu
{"title":"Comparative Efficacy of Different Exercise Therapies for Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Network Meta-analysis.","authors":"Xue Zhou, Yao Yang, Liwen Zhai, Jianing Gan, Conghui Li, Yi Zhu","doi":"10.1186/s40798-025-00872-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40798-025-00872-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast cancer survivors undergoing cancer therapy are at an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease. As a result, exercise has become a research hotspot in preventing decreased cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in breast cancer survivors. However, there is no consensus on which type of exercise is the most effective in improving cardiorespiratory function of breast cancer survivors. Therefore, this network meta-analysis (NMA) aims to compare the effects of different exercise therapies and explore the possible optimal choice to improve CRF in breast cancer survivors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted in EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, and CINAHL to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The analysis was then performed using R Version 3.5.1 and GEMTC software, employing a NMA with a Bayesian random effects model to synthesize the comparative effectiveness of different exercise schemes on CRF in breast cancer survivors. A network graph was constructed to visualize the relative relationship for each exercise therapy in relation to the others. Direct and mixed evidence were estimated with mean difference (MD) and 95% credible interval (CrI) and presented in a forest plot and league table. The cumulative rank plot was created and surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) scores were calculated to rank the exercise schemes. Additionally, a network meta-regression analysis was conducted to evaluate if the different timing of exercise (during and after cancer treatment) has an influence on the effects found in this NMA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis included 41 eligible RCTs and a total of 2606 participants. The results indicated that moderate-intensity continuous aerobic training (MICT; MD: 1.6, 95%Cr 0.13 to 3.1), moderate-to-vigorous aerobic exercise (M-V; MD: 3.4, 95%CrI 1.9 to 5.0), high-intensity interval training (HIIT; MD: 2.9, 95%CrI 1.2 to 4.6), and moderate-to-vigorous aerobic training combined with resistance exercise (M-V + RE; MD: 4.3, 95%CrI 2.5 to 6.1) had better efficacy than usual care on CRF. M-V + RE was significantly better than MICT (MD: 2.7, 95%CrI 0.4 to 5.0). Amongst 12 exercise interventions, M-V + RE was shown to have the highest-ranking probability of being the best treatment (SUCRA: 88.15%). No statistical difference was observed for the relative effects of different timing of exercise for CRF improvement compared to usual care in network meta-regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This NMA suggests MICT, M-V, HIIT, and M-V + RE as available options for improving CRF in breast cancer survivors, and M-V + RE is likely to be the optimal choice for improving CRF. Further high-quality studies are needed to continue to confirm the role of M-V + RE in improving CRF among breast cancer survivors.</p>","PeriodicalId":21788,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine - Open","volume":"11 1","pages":"67"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12146251/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144249402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Response To \"Why Should the Next Generation of Youth Guidelines Prioritize Vigorous Physical Activity?\"","authors":"Charles B Corbin","doi":"10.1186/s40798-025-00882-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40798-025-00882-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21788,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine - Open","volume":"11 1","pages":"70"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12146232/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144249476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lou Dambel, Giovanna Del Sordo, Oussama Saidi, Pascale Duché
{"title":"Exploring the Effects of Lifestyle Disruptions on Physical Fitness in Children and Adolescents: a Systematic Scoping Review.","authors":"Lou Dambel, Giovanna Del Sordo, Oussama Saidi, Pascale Duché","doi":"10.1186/s40798-025-00883-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40798-025-00883-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The objective of this scoping review was to systematically summarize the available literature investigating the impact of various lifestyle disruptions-including lockdowns, school vacations, and training cessation-on the physical fitness components of children and adolescents aged 4-18 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A search for relevant studies was conducted across PubMed and ScienceDirect databases (until May 2024). Study selection and data extraction were independently performed by two reviewers using the Cadima website. A graphical analysis was conducted to present the findings of the included studies based on the effects of each lifestyle disruption on physical fitness components, such as cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, explosive strength or power, speed, agility, balance, and flexibility.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 223 records were initially identified, with 60 studies meeting the inclusion criteria for analysis. The studies assessed the impact of lockdowns (n = 8), school vacations (n = 16), and training cessation (n = 36) on various physical fitness components. The results indicated consistent declines in cardiorespiratory fitness, particularly among older adolescents, during these disruptions. In contrast, muscle strength and power remained relatively stable.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lifestyle disruptions have a notable effect on physical fitness in children and adolescents. While different types of disruptions exert varying effects, all appear to significantly affect young populations. Further research is needed, particularly focusing on girls and incorporating better control of health-related behaviors during these periods. Understanding the long-term consequences and developing strategies to support and maintain youth fitness during such disruptions should be a priority.</p>","PeriodicalId":21788,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine - Open","volume":"11 1","pages":"65"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12145346/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144249403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
El Mokhtar El Ouali, Benjamin Barthelemy, Juan Del Coso, Anthony C Hackney, Ismail Laher, Karuppasamy Govindasamy, Abdelhalem Mesfioui, Urs Granacher, Hassane Zouhal
{"title":"Response To Comment on: \"A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Association Between ACTN3 R577X Genotypes and Performance in Endurance Versus Power Athletes and Non-Athletes\".","authors":"El Mokhtar El Ouali, Benjamin Barthelemy, Juan Del Coso, Anthony C Hackney, Ismail Laher, Karuppasamy Govindasamy, Abdelhalem Mesfioui, Urs Granacher, Hassane Zouhal","doi":"10.1186/s40798-025-00873-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40798-025-00873-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21788,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine - Open","volume":"11 1","pages":"64"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12130427/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144209352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Miguel López-Moreno, Eugenio Viviani Rossi, José Francisco López-Gil, Paula Marrero-Fernández, Alberto Roldán-Ruiz, Gabriele Bertotti
{"title":"Are Plant-Based Diets Detrimental to Muscular Strength? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Miguel López-Moreno, Eugenio Viviani Rossi, José Francisco López-Gil, Paula Marrero-Fernández, Alberto Roldán-Ruiz, Gabriele Bertotti","doi":"10.1186/s40798-025-00852-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40798-025-00852-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The increasing interest in plant-based diets (PBDs) results from their beneficial impact on human health and environmental sustainability. However, the effect of PBDs on muscular strength in athletes remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the impact of PBDs on muscular strength compared to omnivorous diets in adult populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The methodology was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to ensure a comprehensive and transparent review process. Four electronic databases-MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus-were searched from their inception to September 2, 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the impact of PBDs on the lower body, upper body, and overall muscular strength were included. The risk of bias for the included RCTs was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 tool. Standardized mean differences (SMD) were used to estimate effect sizes, and multiple random-effects meta-analyses were conducted using an inverse variance model with Paule-Mandel adjustment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight RCTs met the inclusion criteria, involving a total of 188 participants (46% women; mean age between 20 and 65 years). The meta-analysis indicated that there were no significant differences between PBDs and omnivorous diets in terms of upper body muscular strength (SMD, - 0.12; 95% confidence interval [CI], - 0.50 to 0.27; n = 146), lower body muscular strength (SMD, 0.18; 95% CI, - 0.31 to 0.67; n = 188), and overall muscular strength (SMD, 0.21; 95% CI, - 0.16 to 0.58; n = 188).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This meta-analysis suggests that PBDs do not compromise muscular strength compared to omnivorous diets. Further investigation considering key nutrients is necessary to ascertain the long-term effects of these dietary patterns on strength outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":21788,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine - Open","volume":"11 1","pages":"62"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12130401/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144199904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comment on: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Association Between ACTN3 R577X Genotypes and Performance in Endurance Versus Power Athletes and Non-Athletes.","authors":"Ricardo Muller Bottura","doi":"10.1186/s40798-025-00874-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40798-025-00874-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21788,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine - Open","volume":"11 1","pages":"63"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12130373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144209351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}