Sports Medicine - Open最新文献

{"title":"Retrospective Analyses of Stability and Variability in Relative Age Effects of Handball Talents Over Seventeen Years.","authors":"Jörg Schorer, Dirk Büsch, Irene Faber, Nick Wattie","doi":"10.1186/s40798-024-00797-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40798-024-00797-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the last thirty years research on relative age effects (RAEs) has exploded in numbers. However, the stability and variability of these effects have hardly been investigated. The three aims of this retrospective study were first to investigate the stability and variability of RAEs over 17 years, second to compare these effects for young female and male athletes, and third to compare these effects between selected and non-selected athletes relative to variability estimates from 17 years prior to assess possible changes in athlete development trends. For this study, birth dates were provided for all participants of the talent selection camps by the German Handball Federation from 2008 to 2024. Results show that first while some variability was observed, the effects remained stable. Second, there are only small differences between sexes in general, although these increased with selection. And thirdly, that selections create stronger effects for male athletes, but not for female ones. Taken together, this study provides an interesting picture of the variability and stability of relative age effects over 17 years.</p>","PeriodicalId":21788,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine - Open","volume":"11 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11757813/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143024478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Development and Content of Movement Quality Assessments in Athletic Populations: A Systematic Review and Multilevel Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Gyan A Wijekulasuriya, Carl T Woods, Aden Kittel, Paul Larkin","doi":"10.1186/s40798-025-00813-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40798-025-00813-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite their prominence in the sport and human movement sciences, to date, there is no systematic insight about the development and content of movement quality assessments in athletic populations. This is an important gap to address, as it could yield both practical and scientific implications related to the continued screening of movement quality in athletic contexts. Hence, this study aimed to systematically review the (i) developmental approach, (ii) movements included, (iii) scoring system utilised, and (iv) the reliability of movement competency assessments used in athletic populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Electronic databases (SPORTDiscus, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus) were searched for relevant articles up to 12 May 2023. Studies were included if they reported data about the developmental approach, movements included, scoring system utilised and reliability of assessment in an athletic population. A modified Downs and Black checklist was used to measure study quality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From a total of 131 identified studies: (i) 26 (20%) described the developmental approach of an assessment; (ii) 113 (86%) included descriptions of the movements included; (iii) 106 (81%) included a description of scoring system and criteria; and (iv) 77 (59%) studies included reliability statistics. There were 36 assessments identified within these studies, comprising 59 movements in total. Each assessment scored movement quality through a Likert or binary classification system.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>First, the results demonstrate that choosing an appropriate movement quality assessment in an athletic population may be a complex process for practitioners as the development approach, movements included and scoring criteria vary substantially between assessments. Second, academics could use these results to help design new assessments for novel applications that meet rigour and reliability requirements. Third, these results have the potential to foster guidelines of use for the reliable assessment of movement quality in athletic populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":21788,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine - Open","volume":"11 1","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11757847/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143024481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Lower-Volume Training on Physical Fitness Adaptations in Team Sports Players: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Filipe Manuel Clemente, Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo, Jason Moran, Piotr Zmijewski, Rui Miguel Silva, Morten Bredsgaard Randers","doi":"10.1186/s40798-024-00808-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40798-024-00808-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A small number of reviews have explored lower- versus higher-volume training in non-athletes, but the growing challenge of congested schedules in team sports highlights the need to synthesize evidence specific to team sport athletes. Thus, the objectives of this systematic review with meta-analysis are twofold: (i) to summarize the primary physiological and physical fitness outcomes of lower-volume versus higher-volume training interventions in team sports players; and (ii) to compare the effects of lower-volume training with higher, considering the training modalities used.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted searches across key databases, including PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science. We included team sports players with at least a trained or developmental level, focusing on studies comparing different training volumes (lower vs higher) within the same research. Lower volume training was defined in comparison to another load, emphasizing smaller training volume in terms of repetitions, duration, or frequency. The studies had to examine key physical performance adaptations and use two-arm or multi-arm designs. Methodological assessments of the included studies were performed using the Rob2 and ROBINS-I instruments, with evidence certainty evaluated through GRADE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The initial search yielded 5,188 records, with 17 articles deemed eligible for the review. There was a non-significant trend favoring the higher-volume training group over the lower-volume group in resistance-based training when considering all pooled physical fitness outcomes (effect size - 0.05, 95% CI - 0.19 to 0.09, p = 0.506, I² = 0.0%). A meta-analysis was not conducted for aerobic-based training due to only two studies being available, with one showing that lower volume training improved maximal oxygen uptake by 3.8% compared to 1.3% for higher volume, while the other indicated that lower training volumes enhanced performance by 1.6% versus 0.8%. The evidence certainty for physical performance outcomes was very low.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In newly introduced resistance training, lower volumes-regardless of repetitions or frequency-can achieve similar fitness gains to higher volumes. More pronounced tapering also appears more effective for supercompensation. However, the variability in study designs and training methods makes it difficult to establish a clear minimal dose. The main contribution of this review is mapping current research, providing a foundation for future studies and training optimization.</p>","PeriodicalId":21788,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine - Open","volume":"11 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11747014/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143010532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On Your Mark, Get Set, Choose! A Randomized Cross-Over Study Comparing Fixed and Self-Selected Rest Periods in Interval Running Among Professional Female Soccer Players.","authors":"Asaf Ben-Ari, Yedidya Silverman, Uri Obolski, Israel Halperin","doi":"10.1186/s40798-024-00803-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40798-024-00803-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Studies on rest durations during high-intensity interval training (HIIT) often compare fixed and self-selected (SS) rest allocation approaches. Frequently, the rest duration under SS conditions is unlimited, leading to inconsistent total rest durations compared to fixed rest conditions. To address this limitation, we recently compared fixed and SS rest conditions during cycling HIIT sessions, while keeping the total rest duration equivalent. However, our protocol required athletes to divide a long total rest duration (720 s) across nine intervals, which may have been overly cognitively demanding. The current study aimed to explore the effects of the SS approach with a simplified rest allocation task on performance, physiological, and psychological outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following a familiarization session, 24 professional female soccer players completed two running HIIT sessions on a non-motorized treadmill. Each session consisted of twelve 15 s intervals, divided into three blocks, with the goal of maximizing the distance covered. In both conditions, the between-interval rest duration per block amounted to 270 s. In the fixed condition, the rest was uniformly allocated to 90 s between each interval, whereas in the SS condition, the athletes chose how to allocate the entirety of the 270 s of rest. We compared the following outcomes: distance, heart rate, perception of fatigue, effort, autonomy, enjoyment, boredom, and athletes' preferences. Outcomes were compared using aggregated measures via paired univariate tests, and across the intervals via mixed-effects models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed comparable results in most outcomes with the exception of higher autonomy (1-15 points) in the SS condition (mean difference = 2.1, 95%CI (0.9, 3.3) points) and a negligibly higher heart rate in the SS condition when comparing the observations across intervals (estimate = 2.5, 95%CI (0.9, 4.2) beats × min^-1). Additionally, participants chose to rest for longer durations as the block progressed. Finally, the majority of participants (65%) favored the SS condition.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study further solidifies that SS and fixed approaches with matched total rest durations result in similar performance, physiological, and psychological responses. This effect persists even when the total rest duration required to be allocated is relatively short. Therefore, coaches and trainees can choose either approach based on their preferences and training goals.</p>","PeriodicalId":21788,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine - Open","volume":"11 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11730044/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142979656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upper Leg Muscular Co-Contraction During Maximal-Speed Sprinting in Male Club Ice Hockey Athletes.","authors":"Jason J Williams, William C Roshinski, Joseph C Watso","doi":"10.1186/s40798-024-00795-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40798-024-00795-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Little is known about the lower extremity muscle co-contraction patterns during sprinting and its relation to running velocity (i.e., performance). Therefore, we compared lower extremity muscular activation patterns during sprinting between slower and faster collegiate club hockey athletes. We hypothesized that faster athletes would have lower EMG-assessed co-contraction index (CCI) values in the lower extremities during over-ground sprinting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-two males (age = 21 [1] yrs (median[IQR]); body mass = 77.1 ± 8.6 kg (mean ± SD)) completed two 20-m over-ground sprints with concomitant EMG and asynchronous force plate testing over four days in Tallahassee, Florida, USA. We split participants using median running velocity (FAST: 8.5 ± 0.3 vs. SLOW: 7.7 ± 0.3 m/s, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Faster athletes had lower CCI between the rectus femoris and biceps femoris (group: p = 0.05), particularly during the late swing phase of the gait cycle (post hoc p = 0.02). Early swing phase duration was moderately inversely related to Hip CCI in the stance phase (ρ=-0.58, p < 0.01) and weakly related to Knee CCI in the swing phase (ρ = 0.44, p = 0.046). Finally, swing phase duration was moderately inversely related to Hip CCI in the stance phase (ρ=-0.50, p = 0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In agreement with our hypothesis, we found lower CCI values in the upper leg musculature during maximal-speed over-ground sprinting. These data from collegiate club hockey athletes corroborate other reports in clinical populations that the coordination between the rectus femoris and biceps femoris is associated with linear over-ground sprinting velocity.</p>","PeriodicalId":21788,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine - Open","volume":"11 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11717762/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142954691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Morning versus Nocturnal Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability Responses to Intensified Training in Recreational Runners.","authors":"Olli-Pekka Nuuttila, Heikki Kyröläinen, Veli-Pekka Kokkonen, Arja Uusitalo","doi":"10.1186/s40798-024-00806-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40798-024-00806-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21788,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine - Open","volume":"10 1","pages":"134"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11685333/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142910257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Structure, Function, and Adaptation of Lower-Limb Aponeuroses: Implications for Myo-Aponeurotic Injury.","authors":"Scott Hulm, Ryan G Timmins, Jack T Hickey, Nirav Maniar, Yi-Chung Lin, Katherine R Knaus, Bryan C Heiderscheit, Silvia S Blemker, David A Opar","doi":"10.1186/s40798-024-00789-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40798-024-00789-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aponeurosis is a large fibrous connective tissue structure within and surrounding skeletal muscle and is a critical component of the muscle-tendon unit (MTU). Due to the lack of consensus on terminology and the heterogeneous nature of the aponeurosis between MTUs, there are several questions that remain unanswered. For example, the aponeurosis is often conflated with the free tendon rather than being considered an independent structure. This has subsequent implications when interpreting data regarding the structure, function, and adaptation of the aponeuroses from these studies. In recent years, a body of work has emerged to suggest that acute injury to the myo-aponeurotic complex may have an impact on return-to-sport timeframes and reinjury rates. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to provide a more detailed understanding of the morphology and mechanical behaviour common to all aponeuroses, as well as the unique characteristics of specific lower-limb aponeuroses that are commonly injured. This review provides the practitioner with a current understanding of the mechanical, material, and adaptive properties of lower limb aponeuroses and suggests directions for future research related to the myo-aponeurotic complex.</p>","PeriodicalId":21788,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine - Open","volume":"10 1","pages":"133"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11668723/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142882896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Handgrip Strength has Declined Among Adults, Particularly Males, from Shanghai Since 2000.","authors":"Dao Wang, Yang Liu, Justin J Lang, Marilyn G Klug, Ryan McGrath, Grant R Tomkinson","doi":"10.1186/s40798-024-00800-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40798-024-00800-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Handgrip strength (HGS) is an excellent marker of general strength capacity and health among adults. We aimed to calculate temporal trends in HGS for adults from Shanghai between 2000 and 2020.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adults aged 20-59 years from Shanghai, China, were included. Representative cross-sectional HGS data (n = 127,756) were collected in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2014, and 2020. HGS was measured using isometric dynamometry and was adjusted for body size (i.e., height-squared). Trends in mean adjusted HGS were calculated using general linear models with adjustments for age, sex, location, occupation, blood pressure, and exercise time. Trends in distributional characteristics were described visually and calculated as the ratio of coefficients of variation (CVs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found a significant, small decline in mean adjusted HGS (effect size (ES) [95%CI]: -0.21 [-0.22, -0.20]) since the year 2000. Negligible temporal differences were found across age, location, and occupation groups, with a 2.8-fold greater decline for men than for women. Overall, distributional variability declined negligibly (ratio of CVs [95% CI]: 0.92 [0.91, 0.93]). We also observed a negligible trend (ES < 0.20) in distributional asymmetry among adults with low adjusted HGS (below the 25th percentile) and a small decline (ES = 0.20-0.49) in adults with high adjusted HGS (above the 75th percentile).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There was a recent small decline in adjusted HGS for adults from Shanghai, which was greater for men than for women and nonuniform across the population. A decline in adjusted HGS may represent a decline in the general/functional health of the population.</p>","PeriodicalId":21788,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine - Open","volume":"10 1","pages":"132"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11666846/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sleeping Beauty? A Prospective Study on the Prevalence of Sleep Problems and Their Potential Determinants in Professional Dancers.","authors":"Astrid Junge, Rogier M van Rijn, Janine H Stubbe, Anja Hauschild","doi":"10.1186/s40798-024-00798-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40798-024-00798-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sleep is important for health and performance but has rarely been studied in professional dancers. The aim was to analyse the prevalence of sleep problems in professional dancers and their potential determinants at the beginning of and during the season.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Professional dancers of six German companies answered a comprehensive baseline questionnaire on physical and mental health, including the Sleep Difficulty Score of the Athletic Sleep Screening questionnaire (ASSQ-SDS) in the beginning of the season and weekly health reports during the season. Numerical rating scales were used for severity of poor sleep, musculoskeletal pain, being stressed/overloaded, all health problems, impaired ability to dance, and workload in the previous seven days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 147 dancers who answered the baseline questionnaire, 104 (70.7%) completed in total 3186 weekly health reports (response rate: 71.2%). In the beginning of the season 53% of the dancers reported sleep problems of mild (34.0%), moderate (13.6%) or severe extent (5.4%), without differences between sexes, age groups, ranks of the dancers, company sizes or dance styles. The average weekly prevalence of \"poor sleep\" during the season was 68.8%. Multivariate regression analyses showed that symptoms of depression were significant determinants of sleep problems and the rating of \"poor sleep\" at baseline; while musculoskeletal pain, being stresses/overloaded, all health problems, impaired ability to dance, and physical and mental workload were significant determinants of \"poor sleep\" during the season. Variables of the baseline questionnaire were not significantly related to the individual mean rating of \"poor sleep\" during the season, except of the quality and duration of sleep.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sleep problems are frequent in professional dancers and related to their physical and mental health and workload. An assessment of sleep should be part of routine health screenings and interventions to improve sleep should be implemented, especially for dancers with pre-existing sleep problems and for periods of high workload.</p>","PeriodicalId":21788,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine - Open","volume":"10 1","pages":"131"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11662107/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142872931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Sex Differences in Performance and Performance-Determining Factors in the Olympic Winter Endurance Sports.","authors":"Guro Strøm Solli, Øyvind Sandbakk, Kerry McGawley","doi":"10.1186/s40798-024-00805-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40798-024-00805-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21788,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine - Open","volume":"10 1","pages":"130"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11649587/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142829811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}