Skeletal Radiology最新文献

{"title":"MRI versus CT for glenoid bone loss in shoulder instability: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Emanuela Mendes Junqueira de Barros, Renata Vidal Leão, Sarah Verdan, Marília da Cruz Fagundes, Bruno Murad, Gustavo da Fonseca Monjardim, Thiago de Gautier Oliveira do Amarante de Paulo, Stephan Altmayer, Giovanni Brondani Torri","doi":"10.1007/s00256-025-05029-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00256-025-05029-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To systematically assess whether MRI-based measurements of glenoid bone loss (GBL) are comparable to CT in patients with shoulder instability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase for studies comparing GBL measurements between CT and MRI through May 16, 2024. We performed subgroup analyses based on 2D versus 3D imaging and linear versus area measurement methods. We conducted statistical analysis using Review Manager (RevMan) version 5.4.1, applying a random-effects model to calculate the mean difference.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven studies were included, totaling 492 shoulders. Of these, 119 shoulders were evaluated using 3D MRI versus 3D CT, 126 using 2D MRI versus 2D CT, 292 using the linear method, and 149 using the area method. The pooled analysis showed no significant difference in GBL measurements between MRI and CT (mean difference -0.05; 95% CI: -0.26 to 0.15; p = 0.61). Subgroup analyses also showed no significant differences (p = 0.94 for 3D, p = 0.14 for 2D, p = 0.67 for linear, p = 0.46 for area, and p = 0.51 comparing linear vs area methods).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MRI provides GBL measurements comparable to CT across various imaging protocols including 2D and 3D approaches and the linear and area methods. MRI may be sufficient as the sole imaging modality for comprehensive preoperative evaluation in patients with shoulder instability.</p>","PeriodicalId":21783,"journal":{"name":"Skeletal Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145065546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between flat variants of the peroneus brevis tendon and split tears on magnetic resonance imaging.","authors":"Rafał Zych, Dan Mocanu, Ymer Hagberg, Katarzyna Bokwa-Dąbrowska, Dawid Dziedzic, Katarina Nilsson Helander, Pawel Szaro","doi":"10.1007/s00256-025-05032-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00256-025-05032-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine whether the peroneus brevis tendon shape, cross-sectional area, and patient age are associated with split tears on magnetic resonance imaging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cross-sectional study included 358 patients (179 with and 179 without split tears), with sample size based on an a priori power calculation (Cramér's V = 0.186, 80% power, α = 0.05). Musculoskeletal radiologists assigned patients to split tear or no-tear groups based on MRI findings 8 weeks before independent shape classification and area measurements. Tendon shape was visually assessed on transverse proton density images and categorized as oval, general flat, flattened with medial convexity, or flattened with lateral convexity. Associations with split tear were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Flat-shaped tendons were more common in the split tear group (91.6%) than in controls (82.1%), while oval tendons were less frequent (8.4% vs. 17.9%, p = 0.007). The flattened with lateral convexity shape was most strongly associated with split tear. In the multivariable analysis, flat shape (odds ratio [OR] = 2.26, p = 0.021), larger cross-sectional area (OR per mm² = 1.04, p = 0.059), and older age (OR per year = 1.03, p < 0.001) are independently associated with split tear. No significant differences were observed between right and left ankles. Inter-rater agreement was substantial for shape (κ = 0.71, AC1 = 0.74) and excellent for area (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.95).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A flat-shaped peroneus brevis tendon, an increased cross-sectional area, and older age are associated with an increased likelihood of peroneus brevis split tears. These features may serve as anatomical imaging biomarkers for early risk identification.</p>","PeriodicalId":21783,"journal":{"name":"Skeletal Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145055728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tear location of posterior cruciate ligament tears: introduction and reliability of a magnetic resonance imaging-based classification.","authors":"Maximilian M Mueller, Sebastian Conner-Rilk, Vincent J De Lorenzi, Tatiana C Monteleone, Robert J O'Brien, Jelle P van der List, Gregory S DiFelice, Douglas N Mintz","doi":"10.1007/s00256-025-05026-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00256-025-05026-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To introduce a tear location classification system for posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injuries, aiming to unify diagnostic criteria and improve clinical decision-making based on tear location.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations from a single institution, identifying all patients with acute or subacute PCL injuries from 2008 to 2024. Ligament sprains without significant fiber disruption and chronic injuries were excluded. Tears were classified by four independent observers according to the relative length (%) of the intact distal remnant compared to the total PCL length: Type I (> 90%), Type Ib (femoral bony avulsion), Type II (90-75%), Type III (75-25%), Type IV (distal tear 10-25%), Type V (< 10%), and Type Vb (tibial bony avulsion). For intra-observer reliability analysis, measurements were repeated once by two observers after 4 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A subset of 45 MRIs with diagnosed PCL injuries that met the inclusion criteria (mean age 40.5 ± 19.2 years, 40% female) had 24% proximal tears, 33% midsubstance tears, 33% distal tears, and 11% single-bundle injuries. Inter-observer reliability (Fleiss' kappa, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.84-0.94; p < 0.01) and intra-observer reliability demonstrated to be almost perfect (Cohen's kappa, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.86-0.99 & 0.92; 95% CI, 0.84-0.99).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The proposed MRI-based classification system-which includes femoral avulsion, proximal quarter, midsubstance (50%), distal quarter, and tibial avulsion injuries-offers a reliable method for identifying the anatomical location of partial and complete PCL injuries. Standardizing tear localization has the potential to improve diagnostic consistency and inform more tailored, evidence-based treatment strategies.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Diagnostic study; III.</p>","PeriodicalId":21783,"journal":{"name":"Skeletal Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145041145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the editor: re introduction to the special issue on soccer injuries.","authors":"Kamaldine Oudjhane","doi":"10.1007/s00256-025-05031-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00256-025-05031-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21783,"journal":{"name":"Skeletal Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145034128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atypical \"opened-bottle\" proximal tibial fractures in young male patients with growth hormone and aromatase inhibitor treatment: case series.","authors":"Ivan Rodrigues Barros Godoy, Tatiane Cantarelli Rodrigues, Andre Fukunishi Yamada, Abdalla Skaf","doi":"10.1007/s00256-025-05035-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00256-025-05035-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atypical proximal tibial fractures in adolescents are rare, particularly when linked to hormonal therapy for short stature. This case series reports the clinical and imaging features of atypical proximal tibial and distal femoral physeal fractures in male adolescents undergoing combined growth hormone (GH) and aromatase inhibitor (AI) therapy for idiopathic short stature. We report three cases of skeletally immature male adolescents (ages 12-16) treated with GH and anastrozole who presented with acute leg pain following low-energy trauma during soccer. Computed tomography (CT) imaging identified fractures through the physis and metaphysis with characteristic anterior displacement-resembling an \"opened-bottle\" configuration. Fractures occurred during periods of rapid growth with delayed physeal closure and reduced bone mineral density. Two cases were managed surgically, and one conservatively. Salter-Harris and Ogden classification systems were used. These cases highlight the potential impact of growth-modulating therapies on bone integrity, particularly their influence on the growth plate and overall bone strength, which may increase fracture risk. Imaging and clinical findings emphasize the role of hormone-related delayed physeal closure and altered biomechanics in fracture development. This report aims to raise awareness of this complication and explores possible mechanisms connecting therapy to these atypical injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":21783,"journal":{"name":"Skeletal Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145030548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the ability of large language models to simplify lumbar spine imaging reports into patient-facing text: a pilot study of GPT-4.","authors":"Rushmin Khazanchi, Austin R Chen, Parth Desai, Daniel Herrera, Jacob R Staub, Matthew A Follett, Mykhaylo Krushelnytskyy, Hanna Kemeny, Wellington K Hsu, Alpesh A Patel, Srikanth N Divi","doi":"10.1007/s00256-025-05027-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00256-025-05027-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the ability of large language models (LLMs) to accurately simplify lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reports.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Patients who underwent lumbar decompression and/or fusion surgery in 2022 at one tertiary academic medical center were queried using appropriate CPT codes. We then identified all patients with a preoperative ICD diagnosis of lumbar spondylolisthesis and extracted the latest preoperative spine MRI radiology report text. The GPT-4 API was deployed on deidentified reports with a prompt to produce translations and evaluated for accuracy and readability. An enhanced GPT prompt was constructed using high-scoring reports and evaluated on low-scoring reports.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 93 included reports, GPT effectively reduced the average reading level (11.47 versus 8.50, p < 0.001). While most reports had no accuracy issues, 34% of translations omitted at least one clinically relevant piece of information, while 6% produced a clinically significant inaccuracy in the translation. An enhanced prompt model using high scoring reports-maintained reading level while significantly improving omission rate (p < 0.0001). However, even in the enhanced prompt model, GPT made several errors regarding location of stenosis, description of prior spine surgery, and description of other spine pathologies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>GPT-4 effectively simplifies the reading level of lumbar spine MRI reports. The model tends to omit key information in its translations, which can be mitigated with enhanced prompting. Further validation in the domain of spine radiology needs to be performed to facilitate clinical integration.</p>","PeriodicalId":21783,"journal":{"name":"Skeletal Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145024169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiparametric assessment of high-grade pediatric soft-tissue sarcomas with anatomic and functional MRI sequences: a retrospective study.","authors":"Paulo de Tarso Kawakami Perez, Laura Marie Fayad, Mariana Batista Rosa Pinto, Henrique Manoel Lederman, Eliana Maria Monteiro Caran, Carla Renata Pacheco Donato Macedo, Julio Brandão Guimarães","doi":"10.1007/s00256-025-05025-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00256-025-05025-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate multiparametric MRI features of pediatric soft-tissue sarcomas, comparing pre-treatment and post-treatment features, and assessing correlation with clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Retrospective cohort study, including pediatric patients (≤ 18 years) with histologically-confirmed soft-tissue sarcomas who underwent MRI with anatomic and functional sequences in consecutive series. Post-treatment MRI was available for a subset, and features were recorded by two readers. Pre-treatment and post-treatment features were compared using Wilcoxon signed-rank test with Hodges-Lehmann estimator. Inter-reader agreement was assessed with intraclass correlation coefficient, and Mann-Whitney and Cox regression tests were used to correlate the features with clinical outcome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 27 patients. Pre-treatment we measured tumor size, ADCminimum (mean: 507 × 10-6mm²/s) and ADCaverage (mean: 690 × 10-6mm²/s). Post-treatment (10 patients) included a reduction in tumor size (p = 0.002) and higher ADCminimum (mean: 1116 × 10-6mm²/s) and ADCaverage (mean: 1344 × 10-6mm²/s) values. Pre-treatment size was larger in patients with metastasis at baseline (p = 0.004) and progression (p = 0.002), but size change after treatment did not correlate with progression. Baseline ADC​​ did not correlate with progression, but the group with progression showed less difference between pre- and post-treatment ADCminimum (p = 0.019) and ADCaverage (p = 0.032). There was excellent agreement between the readers measuring ADCminimum (ICC = 0.991) and ADCaverage (ICC = 0.978).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>For high-grade pediatric soft-tissue sarcomas, the pre-treatment size is an important prognostic factor, and a reduction in tumor size was observed after treatment, but did not correlate with progression. However, changes to ADC values between pre-treatment and post-treatment MRI correlated with disease progression, suggesting that ADC is a potentially useful biomarker of clinical outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":21783,"journal":{"name":"Skeletal Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145024160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic accuracy of dual-layer spectral CT for osteolytic vertebral metastases.","authors":"Simone van der Star, Netanja I Harlianto, Stéphanie V de Lange, Jorrit-Jan Verlaan, Arnold M R Schilham, Madeleine Kok, Pim A de Jong, Wouter Foppen","doi":"10.1007/s00256-025-05023-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00256-025-05023-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate whether dual-layer spectral computed tomography, compared with conventional CT, improves diagnostic accuracy for osteolytic vertebral metastases. Furthermore, to investigate the influence of dual-layer CT on the subjective visibility of metastases.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this single-center retrospective study, consecutive patients with an untreated primary tumor who underwent dual-layer CT and either MRI or PET-CT as reference standard within 14 days were included. Two independent observers, blinded to the reference, performed two scorings. First, the conventional CT was scored and the results were recorded. Subsequently, Calcium suppression, monoenergetic (monoE40 and monoE200), and Z-effective reconstructions were added. Subjective visibility was compared to conventional CT using a 5-point Likert scale. Diagnostic accuracy measures were calculated with 95% confidence intervals. Sensitivity and specificity were compared using the McNemar's test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fourteen patients (63 ± 8 years; 64.3% female) and 189 vertebrae were included, with 46 vertebrae showing 58 metastases with a mean diameter of 18 mm (range 5-53 mm). For conventional CT, the sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy for observer A and B were, respectively, 57% and 57%, 96% and 90%, 85% and 81%. The diagnostic performance did not improve when using the dual-layer CT reconstructions in addition to conventional CT (p ≥ 0.13). MonoE40 improved the subjective visibility of metastases. Interobserver agreement was moderate for conventional CT (ĸ:0.48), and dual-layer CT reconstructions (ĸ:0.41-0.51).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dual-layer CT reconstructions did not improve diagnostic accuracy for osteolytic vertebral metastases compared with conventional CT, although subjective visibility was improved on low monoenergetic reconstructions.</p>","PeriodicalId":21783,"journal":{"name":"Skeletal Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145006544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of percutaneous ultrasound-guided A1 pulley fenestration release with small-gauge needles for treatment of trigger finger.","authors":"Faysal F Altahawi, Gregory Owendoff, Eugen Lungu, Michael Forney","doi":"10.1007/s00256-025-05028-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00256-025-05028-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To retrospectively evaluate outcomes of an ultrasound-guided A1 pulley fenestration release technique using small-gauge (hypodermic or spinal) needles for the treatment of trigger finger (TF).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective chart review of all TF fenestration release procedures performed by two musculoskeletal radiologists between July 2020 and August 2024 was conducted. The technique included a steroid injection after release. Preprocedural and postprocedural functional Quinnell grades and any immediate complications from the procedure report were primary outcome measures. Clinical pain score, functional outcomes, other TF interventions, and delayed complications were secondary outcome measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 119 procedures were performed in 92 patients (61% women, mean age 63 ± 13 years), with 95 procedures (80%) following prior TF injection with refractory symptoms. Periprocedural Quinnell grades were reported in 99 procedures (83%), with immediately improved scores for all (median-preprocedural-to-postprocedural, 3-to-0; p < 0.001). Retrospective follow-up data were available for 60 procedures (50%), of which 70% experienced functional improvement. Pain scores were significantly improved at follow-up (median-preprocedural-to-follow-up, 4-to-0.5; p = 0.046). Subsequent interventions occurred following 22 cases (18%), of which 15 (13%) required additional steroid injections, 3 (3%) required repeat fenestration, and 5 (4%) required surgical release. No immediate or delayed complications were otherwise reported. Higher Quinnell grade at end of procedure predicted increased rates of follow-up (OR = 3.17, p = 0.012) and suggested worse functional status at follow-up (OR = 0.25, p = 0.054), and smaller peri-procedural improvement increased odds of additional intervention (OR = 0.48, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ultrasound-guided fenestration is an effective and safe treatment for TF in the outpatient setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":21783,"journal":{"name":"Skeletal Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145006552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lymphoma masquerading as Paget's disease of bone: a rare diagnostic challenge.","authors":"Irina D Sokolik, Timothy A Damron","doi":"10.1007/s00256-025-05003-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00256-025-05003-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Paget's disease of bone (PDB) is a skeletal remodeling disorder diagnosed primarily via radiographs. In long bones, the early lytic stage of the disease is characterized by flame-shaped or blade of grass radiolucent bone resorption beginning in subchondral bone with variable length of extension into the metadiaphysis, and the later stages show bone expansion, cortical thickening, and coarsening of the trabeculae [1, 2]. Despite the usually diagnostic features, other considerations with overlapping appearance include aggressive benign and malignant bone tumors [3]. Malignancy such as lymphoma can present shared clinical features to PDB. When there is doubt as to the diagnosis, biopsy should be performed. A 60-year-old male presented with chronic left lower extremity pain. Radiographs showed a flame-shaped lytic lesion in the left femur with corresponding uptake on the bone scintigraphy. Radiographic features were suggestive of PDB, but due to some atypical findings, a biopsy was performed and showed small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) in the setting of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). This diagnosis led to the patient being promptly treated with targeted therapy and radiation. Pathologic verification is critical in an aberrant presentation of PDB to mitigate misdiagnosis and establish an appropriate therapeutic course.</p>","PeriodicalId":21783,"journal":{"name":"Skeletal Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144967711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}