Small Ruminant Research最新文献

{"title":"Efficacy of two long-acting intramammary antimicrobials for curing subclinical mastitis due to non-aureus staphylococci in dairy goats","authors":"Michelle P. Buckley ,&nbsp;Gustavo S. Silva ,&nbsp;Roselle C. Busch ,&nbsp;Orhan Sahin ,&nbsp;Paul J. Plummer ,&nbsp;Patrick J. Gorden","doi":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2025.107463","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2025.107463","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non-aureus staphylococci are the most prevalent cause of subclinical mastitis in dairy goats. The goals of this study were to describe the prevalence of subclinical mastitis pathogens on commercial goat dairies in the United States and evaluate the efficacy of intramammary antimicrobials for curing subclinical mastitis caused by NAS.<span><span>¹</span></span></div><div>Does enrolled in this study were residents of one of three commercial dairies in either IA, WI, or CA. Enrollment criteria included no evidence of clinical mastitis, two functional udder halves, no antimicrobial or anti-inflammatory treatment within 30 days prior to dry-off, and an expected dry period between 30 and 90 days. All eligible does had aseptic milk samples collected for aerobic culture one week prior to scheduled dry-off. Pathogens were isolated and identified using standard laboratory techniques and confirmed using Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight. Halves that cultured positive for NAS were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: 500 mg CLOX<span><span>²</span></span> (Orbenin DC, Merck &amp; Co., Rahway, NJ), 300 mg CEPH<span><span>³</span></span> (ToMORROW, Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Duluth, GA), or NT.<span><span>⁴</span></span> If the contralateral half also cultured positive, it was assigned the same treatment group as the other half. Contralateral halves that cultured negative were enrolled as NC<span><span>⁵</span></span> and no therapy was administered. Each enrolled doe had post-kidding aseptic milk samples collected for aerobic culture within 7 days of parturition. Cured infection risk was used to evaluate efficacy of each treatment.</div><div>Data analysis was completed using publicly available statistical software. Of all halves sampled prior to dry-off, 38.6 % had subclinical infection with NAS at dry-off. Across all farms 85.4 % of CEPH treated halves experienced a cure while 81.4 % of CLOX treated halves cured during the dry period and 54.1 % of NT halves. Both antimicrobial treatments were significantly more effective for curing infections than non-treatment (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Given the high prevalence of subclinical mastitis due to NAS at dry-off and the improved cure rates with administration of a long-acting intramammary antimicrobials compared with non-treatment, selective dry therapy can be an effective management strategy for commercial goat dairies in the US.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21758,"journal":{"name":"Small Ruminant Research","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 107463"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143438265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral selenium supplementation improves the reproductive performance of rams: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Alfonso Longinos Muñoz-Benitez ,&nbsp;Rodolfo Vieyra-Alberto ,&nbsp;Juan Hebert Hernandez-Medrano ,&nbsp;José Luis Ponce Covarrubias ,&nbsp;Erika Georgina Hernández-Rojas ,&nbsp;David Alejandro Contreras Caro del Castillo ,&nbsp;Juan Carlos Angeles-Hernandez","doi":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2025.107465","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2025.107465","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Selenium (Se) plays a key role in maintaining integrity of the sperm membrane and modulating quality of ejaculate. A systematic search was conducted based on the following PICO question: \"What is the effectiveness of Se supplementation (I) compared to no supplementation (C) on semen quality, testicular circumference and testosterone production (O) in rams (P)\". The search was carried out by four experts using the PRISMA framework to avoid bias in the scientific database: PubMed, Google Scholar and Web of Science. The response variables were semen volume (SV), sperm cell concentration (SC), sperm progressive motility (SM), abnormal sperm % (AS), scrotal circumference (Scir), semen pH, serum Se concentration (SSe) and blood testosterone (BT). The effect size was estimated through the standardized (SMD) and raw mean difference (RMD). Heterogeneity was quantified using the I^{<strong>2</strong>} index. The sources of heterogeneity were explored through a meta-regression including the covariates: breed, Se source (organic/inorganic), dosage, latitude, geographical zone, and semen collection technique (artificial vagina/electroejaculator). Oral supplementation of Se depicted a positive effect compared with not supplemented rams to SV (+0.15 ml), SM (+4.74 %), SC (+0.22 %), AS (-1.17 %), Scir (+0.86 cm), SSe (+3.98 µg/ml), and ST (+0.47 ng/ml). SM, AS, SC, and ST outcomes showed a better response to inorganic Se supplementation. There was a positive relationship between latitude and response to Se supplementation in SM and BT. In studies using the electroejaculation technique, the response to Se supplementation in SM and AS was significantly lower (P &lt; 0.05). In addition, the percentage of abnormal sperm was increased with electroejaculation. In conclusion, oral Se supplementation improves semen quality in rams, which could have a positive effect on flock fertility. However, variables such as Se source, dosage and latitude should be considered when supplementing Se orally.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21758,"journal":{"name":"Small Ruminant Research","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 107465"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143438266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating differential lipopolysaccharide-induced behavioral, immune and plasma metabolome responses of St. Croix and Suffolk sheep","authors":"Kelsey L. Bentley ,&nbsp;Scott Greiner ,&nbsp;Eric Kelley ,&nbsp;Ibukun Ogunade ,&nbsp;Scott A. Bowdridge","doi":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2025.107461","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2025.107461","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates different physical responses of St. Croix (STC) and Suffolk (SUF) sheep in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. Through a multidisciplinary approach encompassing physiological, immunological, and metabolic analyses, we aim to explore the mechanisms underlying disease susceptibility and resilience in small ruminants. Sheep were intravenously administered LPS at a dose of 2.5 µg/kg; blood and body temperature data were collected hourly. Behavioral observations were recorded during sampling and videos within pens were obtained 30 min after blood collection. An increase of body temperature by 1 ºC was observed in all groups (<em>P</em> ≥ 0.05). Significant variances were observed in leukocyte and neutrophil counts, wherein STC sheep displayed elevated cell concentrations compared to SUF sheep from 6 h following LPS injection until the conclusion of the sampling period (<em>P</em> ≤ 0.05). Additionally, SUF sheep exhibited greater hemolysis to acute LPS injury, as evidenced by higher optical density at 540 nm (<em>P</em> = 0.02). Behavioral assessment revealed a more pronounced grimace response in SUF sheep following LPS exposure, with an average sheep grimace score (SGS) of 2.67 compared to 1.25 in STC sheep (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001). Metabolomic analysis demonstrated significant alterations in serum metabolite profiles between the two breeds, with 28 metabolites showing differential abundance (FDR ≤ 0.05). These findings contribute to a better understanding of host immunity and offer insights for targeted interventions to enhance disease resistance in small ruminants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21758,"journal":{"name":"Small Ruminant Research","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 107461"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biometric and carcass analysis of lambs fed with forage palm silage and cottonseed cake","authors":"Iara Tamires Rodrigues Cavalcante ,&nbsp;Wandrick Hauss de Sousa ,&nbsp;Paulo Sérgio de Azevedo ,&nbsp;Neila Lidiany Ribeiro ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Couto Santos ,&nbsp;Felipe Queiroga Cartaxo ,&nbsp;João Paulo de Farias Ramos ,&nbsp;Marcílio Fontes Cézar ,&nbsp;Danillo Marte Pereira ,&nbsp;Edson Mauro Santos ,&nbsp;Juliana Silva de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Marcos Vinícius da Silva ,&nbsp;Maria Beatriz Ferreira ,&nbsp;Héliton Pandorfi ,&nbsp;José Francisco de Oliveira-Júnior ,&nbsp;Henrique Fonseca Elias de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Leandro Caixeta Salomão ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Aparecido Jordan ,&nbsp;Ailton Alves de Carvalho ,&nbsp;Thiago Dias Silva ,&nbsp;Jhon Lennon Bezerra da Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2025.107460","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2025.107460","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing recognition of the importance of ovine meat has strengthened the sector in various parts of the world, as interest in food quality has significantly increased. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate the biometric and morphometric characteristics of carcasses from confined lambs. A total of thirty-two intact crossbred Dorper lambs, with an average live weight of 17 ± 1.5 kg, were slaughtered after reaching a body condition score of 3.5. The percentage and nutritional composition of the experimental diets were based on dry matter, consisting of 0, 20, 25, and 30 % cottonseed cake inclusion in a complete feed silage based on forage cactus. Biomorphometric characteristics, such as carcass composition and weight of edible viscera, were evaluated. Data on biometric measurements and carcass characteristics were subjected to descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, determination coefficient (R²), and multivariate analysis, while morphometric measurements were analyzed using canonical discriminant analysis through the Stepwise method to assess potential differences among treatments with cottonseed cake. CAN1 and CAN2 accounted for 73 % and 20 % of the total variation, respectively. The predictive models demonstrated high accuracy (R²=91 %), enabling producers who wish to implement the experimental diet to predict meat production based on biometric measurements. Chest depth was identified as the variable with the greatest discriminatory power in the morphometric analysis using the Stepwise method. A complete diet based on cactus silage with up to 30 % cottonseed cake can be used to estimate both slaughter weight and carcass characteristics of lambs. The predictive models showed high precision, making biometric evaluation an effective tool for estimating slaughter weight and carcass traits. Chest depth was the most discriminative variable among treatments. Including up to 30 % cottonseed cake in the diet also allowed for an effective estimate of slaughter weight, providing a practical approach to optimizing production and selecting high-performing animals before slaughter.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21758,"journal":{"name":"Small Ruminant Research","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 107460"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143395374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The combination of P4 and FSH promotes the formation of small antral follicles by up-regulating FSHR and CYP19A1 in Hu Sheep at the late luteal phase","authors":"Chunhui Duan ,&nbsp;Xuejiao Yin ,&nbsp;Yuchun Xie ,&nbsp;Sihui Gao ,&nbsp;Zhipan Song ,&nbsp;Sicong Yue ,&nbsp;Yu Li ,&nbsp;Yunxia Guo ,&nbsp;Yueqin Liu ,&nbsp;Yingjie Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2025.107451","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2025.107451","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Assisted reproductive technology is vital to improve the reproductive performance of ewe. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of progesterone (P₄) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) on follicular development, reproductive hormone secretion, and the expression of associated reproductive genes in ovarian tissues of ewes. Seven-months-old <em>Hu</em> Sheep (<em>n</em> = 45) were randomly allocated into 9 groups. Estrous cycles of all ewes were synchronized using the P₄ + Prostaglandin F_2α (PGF_2α) + equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) induction protocol before the onset of the experiment. In this study, we used a 3 × 3 factorial design, where 3 periods of P₄ duration and 3 moments of FSH administration were evaluated. In the P₄ treatment, ewes received sponges (45 mg flugestone acetate) at the onset of the experiment for 5, 8, or 11 days (GP₄5, GP₄8, GP₄11), respectively. In the FSH treatment, ewes were injected with 100 IU FSH twice on days 4, 7, or 10 (GFSH4, GFSH7, FSH10), respectively. In the P₄ + FSH treatment (GFSH5 +P₄5, GFSH8 +P₄8, GFSH11 +P₄11), ewes received sponges and FSH injections for the same period. Our results indicated that the P₄+FSH treatment increased (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) small and total follicle counts compared to P₄ or FSH alone. The mRNA expression of follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (<em>FSHR</em>, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) and cytochrome P450 family 19 (<em>CYP19A1</em>, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) were increased in the P₄ + FSH treatment at day 11 compared to days 5 and 8. Immunohistochemical results showed high immune activity for FSHR and CYP19A1 proteins in granulosa and theca cells of small antral follicles. In conclusion, P₄ + FSH treatment up-regulate the mRNA expression of <em>FSHR</em> and <em>CYP19A1</em> at the late luteal phase, finally promoting the small antral follicles formation. Our results concerning the follicular development are promising.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21758,"journal":{"name":"Small Ruminant Research","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 107451"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of shearing on growth performance of feedlot lambs under high temperatures","authors":"P.G. Theron ,&nbsp;T.S. Brand ,&nbsp;S.W.P. Cloete ,&nbsp;J.H.C. van Zyl","doi":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2025.107450","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2025.107450","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With temperatures being forecast to increase over southern Africa, producers are increasingly likely to have to mitigate the impacts of heat stress on production animals. Shearing offers a potentially simple method of increasing the heat tolerance of sheep, but no conclusive study has yet been performed on the impact of shearing on feedlot production under South African conditions. To quantify the effect of shearing on the production efficiency and heat tolerance of Dohne Merino lambs under feedlot conditions, fifty-six ram lambs were randomly allocated to be shorn or not and provided with either a high (11.06 MJ/kg ME) or low energy (9.29 MJ/kg ME) finishing diet. The lambs were finished off for 42 days during summer (29˚C ± 4) and then slaughtered. Weekly measurements of weight, back fat depth and feed intake were made while respiration rate and surface and rectal temperature were recorded on the hottest day of each week. Shearing affected mean weight gain (312 g/day vs. 347 g/day; <em>P</em> = 0.022) and feed conversion (5.43 vs. 4.70; <em>P</em> = 0.026) over the full growth period while daily feed intake (1.62 kg vs 1.59 kg; <em>P</em> = 0.457) was unaffected. Feed intake was higher in the low energy group (<em>P</em> = 0.033), but growth and feed conversion were unaffected by diet. Unshorn lambs had higher average respiration rates (160 breaths/minute vs. 142 breaths/minute; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) but similar surface (38.35˚C vs. 38.09˚C; <em>P</em> = 0.095) and identical rectal temperatures as shorn lambs, indicating that thermoregulation through increased respiration was sufficient to prevent heat stress from occurring more frequently than in shorn animals. Shearing of feedlot animals therefore provided only a small improvement in thermal tolerance and resulted in a significant decline in production performance, indicating that shearing does not provide an economic benefit to producers under feedlot conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21758,"journal":{"name":"Small Ruminant Research","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 107450"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143227620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on morpho-functional characteristics, oxidative stress, apoptosis and CatSper-1 ion channel in short-term stored (5 °C) ram semen","authors":"Gaffari Türk ,&nbsp;İbrahim Halil Güngör ,&nbsp;Gözde Arkalı ,&nbsp;Aslıhan Çakır Cihangiroğlu ,&nbsp;Nida Badıllı ,&nbsp;Tutku Can Acisu ,&nbsp;Serap Dayan Cinkara ,&nbsp;Şuheda Yüksel ,&nbsp;Şeyma Özer Kaya ,&nbsp;Mustafa Sönmez ,&nbsp;Seyfettin Gür ,&nbsp;Abdurrauf Yüce","doi":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2025.107449","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2025.107449","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this study was to examine the impact of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the morpho-functional characteristics, oxidative stress, apoptosis and CatSper-1 ion channel in short-term stored ram semen at 5 °C. The study was conducted in six independent replicates on pooled semen samples collected by artificial vagina from six sexually active Akkaraman rams. The pooled semen samples were diluted to a concentration of 400 million spermatozoa per milliliter with a tris-based diluent including 6 PRP concentration (1, 2, 4, 8, 10, 20 %) and no PRP (control) at 38 °C. Following the reduction of the temperature to 5 °C, diluted semen samples were stored for a period of 96 hours. Motility (total, progressive, rapid, medium, low), kinematic (VCL, VSL, VAP, LIN, STR, WOB, ALH, BCF), morphological (plasma membrane integrity, abnormality), flow-cytometric (mitochondrial activity, acrosomal damage, viability, apoptosis), oxidative stress (MDA, GSH, GSH-Px, CAT), and CatSper-1 analyses were performed at both hours zero (initial measurement) and 96. In all groups, a time-dependent deterioration was observed in nearly all parameters at 96 h in comparison to the 0 h. Compared to the control, live spermatozoon rates (8 % and 10 %), GSH-Px (4 %, 8 % and 10 %) and CAT (4 % and 8 %) activities, and CatSper-1 levels at 96 h were higher, while the apoptotic spermatozoon rates (8 % and 10 %) and MDA levels (4 %, 8 % and 10 %) were lower in semen samples containing PRP. However, in semen samples containing 20 % PRP, the apoptotic spermatozoon rates and MDA levels at 96 h were higher, while GSH-Px activity and CatSper-1 levels were lower than in the control. As a result, it was concluded that the addition of 4–10 % PRP to the diluent containing tris+egg yolk has an effective role in preventing oxidative, apoptotic and ion channel (CatSper-1) damages in ram spermatozoa stored for a short time at 5 °C, while the concentration of 20 % is harmful.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21758,"journal":{"name":"Small Ruminant Research","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 107449"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143348008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microhistological epidermal atlas for identifying plants consumed by South American camelids in the dry Peruvian Puna","authors":"Katherine Capuñay ,&nbsp;Laura Borrelli ,&nbsp;Juan José Alegría ,&nbsp;Samuel Pizarro ,&nbsp;Javier Ñaupari","doi":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2024.107427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2024.107427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A microhistological atlas was developed that describes the key foliar epidermal characteristics of 22 plant species consumed by vicuñas within the Sustainable Use Management Areas in the Peasant Community of San Cristóbal de Lucanas, Ayacucho, Peru. This atlas is intended to be used as a reference pattern in plant identification when the microhistology technique is applied to feces to determine the botanical composition of the diet of domestic and wild herbivores. Additionally, a successful case applied to vicuñas is presented.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21758,"journal":{"name":"Small Ruminant Research","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 107427"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143161668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Confinement odour, quality, and safety of thawed lamb racks, frozen after an initial ageing period of up to 3 weeks","authors":"Emma E.M. Lynch ,&nbsp;Benjamin W.B. Holman","doi":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2024.107421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2024.107421","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>French trimmed lamb racks (<em>longissimus lumborum</em> muscle, LL) were vacuum packaged, wet aged for 0, 1, 2, or 3 weeks (6 per ageing period, <em>n</em> = 24), and frozen. Thawed lamb racks were scored by consumers for pre-opening pack assessment, post-opening pack assessment and post-blooming sample assessment. Objective quality assessments for freshness and quality were then applied to these lamb racks. The sliminess and overall odour were higher after 3 weeks of ageing prior to freezing compared with 0 weeks ageing (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). In addition, the total viable microbial counts (TVC) and ultimate pH were also higher after 3 weeks of ageing (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05); however, all values were within acceptable levels. The overall liking and freshness appearance during the post-opening pack assessment was inconsistent with ageing period (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05); although, there was no difference between ageing for 1 or 3 weeks prior to freezing, indicating there is no apparent advantage to ageing lamb racks for longer than 1 week prior to freezing. Furthermore, total viable basic nitrogen (TVB-N), total myoglobin and all the colour parameters did not differ (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05) and were within acceptable limits defined for fresh meat. Cooking loss, drip loss, expressible moisture and thaw loss were also unaffected by ageing period (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). Overall, the results of this study indicate there is no benefit of ageing bone-in lamb racks for periods longer than 1 week prior to freezing, in terms of consumers’ satisfaction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21758,"journal":{"name":"Small Ruminant Research","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 107421"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143161669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring gelatin from Black Bengal and Native Deccani Goat skin: Specialty meat breeds of India","authors":"P. Sowmya Reddy ,&nbsp;Naveena B. Maheswarappa ,&nbsp;G.V. Bhaskar Reddy ,&nbsp;Rituparna Banerjee ,&nbsp;J. Indumathi ,&nbsp;G. Gangaraju ,&nbsp;Bidyut Prava Mishra ,&nbsp;Gopal Patra","doi":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2025.107445","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2025.107445","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study was conducted to characterize gelatin extracted from the skins of Black Bengal Goat (BBG) and Native Deccani Goat (NDG) under hot-air and freeze-drying conditions. The findings revealed higher (p &lt; 0.05) gelatin yield, gel clarity, hydroxyproline content, lightness scores, and instrumental texture properties especially hardness for BBG samples. Freeze-drying yielded superior (p &lt; 0.05) gel strength (453.72 ± 0.49 g vs. 437.56 ± 0.06 g) and viscosity (30.70 ± 0.28 cP vs. 15.73 ± 0.35 cP) relative to hot-air dried samples. Scanning electron microstructure of gelatin gels revealed greater intertwinement of protein strands with compact, corrugated sheet-like appearance without any voids in BBG samples. The FTIR analysis exhibited Amide I peaks for all the samples at 1623–1625.5 cm⁻¹ frequency indicating greater stability of triple helical structure of gelatin, whereas Amide II peaks were observed at 1540.22 cm⁻¹ for freeze dried samples which denotes the significant presence of α-helical structures. The MALDI-TOF MS analysis of SDS-PAGE protein bands revealed the presence of collagen type I-α1 as a predominant chain in both NDG and BBG, however few specific peptides originating from collagen type XXII-α1 and Collagen α-1(III) chain were exclusively observed in BBG only. A species-specific peptide R.GETGPAGPAGPIGPVGAR.G (<em>m/z</em>, 1560.83) with a potential to authenticate goat skin gelatin was deciphered in both NDG and BBG. Current study has demonstrated the superior quality and functionalities of Black Bengal goat skin gelatin and may serve as a potential alternative to commercially available beef and pork skin gelatin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21758,"journal":{"name":"Small Ruminant Research","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 107445"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143161670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}