Science & Sports最新文献

{"title":"Charge de travail et risque de blessure dans le sport : Synthèse ReFORM de la déclaration de consensus du Comité International Olympique","authors":"G. Guilhem , F. Brocherie , R. Siboni , R. Seil , G. Martens , C. Tooth , F. Delvaux","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2024.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2024.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"40 5","pages":"Pages 440-443"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144656564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Activité physique avant et pendant la grossesse : synthèse ReFORM de la position de consensus du Comité International Olympique","authors":"F. Morin , A. Valevicius , A.-S. Muller , A. Van Niekerk , M. Dupuit , A.-C. Dupont , C. Maitre , A. Willame , C. Tooth","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2025.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2025.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"40 5","pages":"Pages 444-448"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144656565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constructing optimal exercise strategies for pain management in lumbar disc herniation: An umbrella review","authors":"H. Li , Z. Zhang , Y. Han , X. Luo, Y. Hao, X. Shu, S. Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2025.02.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2025.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to synthesize findings from systematic reviews through an umbrella review approach, evaluate their quality, identify research gaps, and provide evidence for developing personalized treatment plans in clinical practice.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Systematic reviews on exercise interventions for pain management in LDH patients were searched up to September 1, 2024. The quality of these reviews was assessed using AMSTAR 2, their reporting completeness evaluated with PRISMA scores, and evidence appraised via GRADE. Qualitative analyses and Bayesian network meta-analyses (Stata 18.0) were conducted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>(1) Six high-quality systematic reviews with complete reports were included for qualitative analysis, and 30 RCTs were selected for network meta-analysis. Exercise interventions included motor control training (MCT), core stability training (ESSCM), supervised (ET) and unsupervised exercise therapy (UNET), Baduanjin (BDJ), and Yijin Jing (YJJ). (2) Qualitative analysis revealed some inconsistencies among the six studies, with generally low evidence quality. Quantitative analysis highlighted significant benefits of MCT in pre- and postoperative pain management, while BDJ showed promising long-term efficacy in postoperative rehabilitation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>MCT is among the most effective regimens for conservative treatment and postoperative rehabilitation in LDH patients, yet further clinical studies are needed to optimize its application. BDJ shows considerable potential for long-term pain management after surgery, warranting additional high-quality, multicenter RCTs for validation.</div></div><div><h3>Key Massage</h3><div>This study identified errors in exercise type categorization in previous systematic reviews and noted generally low evidence quality. Reanalysis indicated that MCT is the most effective pain management method for LDH patients. BDJ also showed promise as a long-term pain management option for postoperative patients and could be globally integrated into home rehabilitation programs.</div></div><div><h3>Objectif</h3><div>Cette étude vise à synthétiser les résultats des revues systémiques grâce à une approche de revue d’ensemble, à évaluer leur qualité, à identifier les lacunes de recherche et à fournir des preuves pour élaborer des plans de traitement personnalisés dans la pratique clinique.</div></div><div><h3>Méthodes</h3><div>Des revues systémiques sur les interventions d’exercice pour la gestion de la douleur chez les patients atteints de hernie discale lombaire (HDL) ont été recherchées jusqu’au 1er septembre 2024. La qualité de ces revues a été évaluée à l’aide d’AMSTAR 2, l’exhaustivité de leur présentation a été évaluée grâce aux scores PRISMA et les preuves ont été évaluées via GRADE. Des analyses qualitatives et des méta-analyses bayésiennes de réseau (Stata 18.0) ont été effectuées.</div></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><d","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"40 5","pages":"Pages 369-386"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144656159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of subacromial impingement syndrome on the drawing side of the recurve bow: A finite element method","authors":"C. Guo , Y. Fan , Y. Yang , X. Xing , L. Gong , X. Han , J. Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2025.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2025.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS) frequently occurs on the draw side of the recurve archer, a condition that follows inflammatory degeneration of the soft tissues of the shoulder. Friction and impingement are generated between the soft tissues in the subacromial area and the rostral shoulder dome. This research was carried out by creating a finite element model and modeling the specialized techniques of an archer. We analyze the peak stress of the soft tissues to investigate the possible mechanisms of impingement syndrome on the drawing side shoulder of the archers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using CT and MRI scanning techniques, the data of the subject's right shoulder bones and soft tissues were obtained, and a finite element model constructed the scapula, clavicle, humerus, the long head of the biceps tendon (LHBT), subacromial bursa, supraspinatus. Simulation of the humerus on the drawing arm to perform raising, drawing, holding, and releasing movements. and stress changes in the soft tissues are analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The peak stress in the long head of the biceps tendon increased from 0.227<!--> <!-->MPa at the start of raising to 0.249<!--> <!-->MPa at the start of the drawing; the stress peak decreased from the holding stage to 0.089<!--> <!-->MPa at release. The stress peak of the subacromial bursa showed a zigzag pattern; it is 0.280<!--> <!-->MPa at the start of raising but decreases to 0.036<!--> <!-->MPa at the start of the drawing; at the start of holding, the peak stress rises to 0.3471<!--> <!-->MPa; but at the moment of release, the peak stress drops to 0.2619<!--> <!-->MPa. The supraspinatus’ stress peak increased to 1.395<!--> <!-->MPa at the start of drawing from a lower value at the start of raising; it decreased to 1.257<!--> <!-->MPa at the start of holding and increased to 1.532<!--> <!-->MPa at release.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The peak stress of the long head of the biceps tendon showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing, and the stress concentration during raising and unloading was in the area close to the end of the tendon, with more significant interaction between the tendon of the long head of the biceps tendon and the scapula. The subacromial bursa is susceptible to compression by several surrounding tissues during the holding, resulting in high stress and susceptibility to injury to this structure. The persistence of high tension in the supraspinatus can be one of the mechanisms that cause inflammation of this tendon. Targeted injury prevention measures based on the mechanism of the subacromial impingement syndrome and the technical characteristics of the recurve arch, corrective exercise can be used to improve the muscles’ extension around the shoulder to prevent the development of the corresponding injury.</div></div><div><h3>Contexte</h3><div>Le syndrome de coincement sous-acromial (SIS) survient fréquemment au niveau de l’","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"40 5","pages":"Pages 415-426"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144656142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Athlete's artery: Brachial vascular remodeling in elite athletes practicing different sporting disciplines","authors":"G. Di Gioia ,&nbsp;F. Vespasiano ,&nbsp;A. Ferrera ,&nbsp;A. Segreti ,&nbsp;E. Lemme ,&nbsp;M.R. Squeo","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2024.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2024.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>Exercise training impacts arterial remodeling but a research gap remains on the effects of various training modalities. Therefore, we have evaluated the influence of different disciplines (power, skills, endurance, mixed) on brachial adaptation in 122 athletes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>The were divided into: Group1 (active arm involvement) and Group2 (control group). Endurance had the largest brachial arterial diameter (BAD). Additionally, Group1 showed a significantly larger BAD, mainly due to endurance adaptations. No differences were found in flow-mediated-dilation (FMD) between disciplines and between Group1 vs. Group2.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Vascular adaptation is peculiar of endurance athletes, characterized by BAD enlargement (proportional to the vascular district used) without affecting function.</div></div><div><h3>Objectifs</h3><div>L’entraînement physique induit un remodelage artériel, mais il subsiste un manque de connaissances sur les effets des différentes modalités d’entraînement. Cette étude a évalué l’influence de différents types de sports (de force, d’habiletés, d’endurance et mixtes) sur les réponses adaptatives de l’artère brachiale chez 122 athlètes.</div></div><div><h3>Méthodes et résultats</h3><div>Les participants ont été répartis en deux groupes: Groupe 1 (regroupant les sports avec implication active des membres supérieurs) et Groupe 2 (groupe témoin). Les résultats ont montré que l’entraînement en endurance entraînait un plus grand diamètre de l’artère brachiale (DAB). Le Groupe 1 présentait un DAB significativement plus important, principalement attribué aux adaptations liées à l’endurance. Cependant, aucune différence n’a été observée dans la dilatation médiée par le flux (DMF) entre les sports ou entre le Groupe 1 et le Groupe 2.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>L’adaptation vasculaire semble spécifique pour les athlètes d’endurance, caractérisée par une augmentation du DAB proportionnelle au territoire vasculaire utilisé, sans altérer la fonction vasculaire.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"40 5","pages":"Pages 435-439"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144656563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of age and experience on physical performance in football players with cerebral palsy according to their sport class","authors":"J.F. Maggiolo,&nbsp;M. Moya-Ramón,&nbsp;I. Peña-González","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2025.02.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2025.02.009","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Aim&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This study examined the relationship between age, experience, and physical performance among CP football players across different sport classes (FT1, FT2, and FT3) in the First Division Spanish CP Football National League.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;A total of 149 players were assessed using countermovement jump (CMJ), linear sprint (5, 10, and 20 meters), and modified agility T-tests with and without a ball.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;They showed no significant correlation between age or experience and physical performance for FT1 players (R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;!--&gt;≤&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;7%). In contrast, FT2 players demonstrated moderate negative correlations between age and sprint (r&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.31–0.39, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt;!--&gt;&lt;&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;.05). FT3 players exhibited strong correlations between both age (r&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.75–0.82, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt;!--&gt;&lt;&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.01) and experience (r&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.63–0.77, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt;!--&gt;&lt;&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.01) with sprint performance.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;These findings suggest that the influence of age and experience in CP footballers’ physical performance is dependent on the sport classification. While physical performance is strongly influenced by age and experience for FT2 and FT3 players, other factors may be more important for FT1 players, informing tailored training strategies.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objectif&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Cette étude a examiné la relation entre l’âge, l’expérience et la performance physique chezdes footballeurs CP en fonction de différentes catégories sportives (FT1, FT2 et FT3) de la Première Division de la Ligue Nationale Espagnole de Football CP.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Matériels et méthodes&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Un total de 149 joueurs ont été évalués à l’aide de tests de saut contre mouvement (CMJ), de sprint linéaire (5, 10 et 20 mètres) et de tests d’agilité modifiés en T, avec et sans ballon.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Résultats&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Ils n’ont montré aucune corrélation significative entre l’âge ou l’expérience et la performance physique pour les joueurs FT1 (R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;!--&gt;≤&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;7 %). En revanche, les joueurs FT2 ont montré des corrélations négatives modérées entre l’âge et le sprint (r&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0,31–0,39, &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt;!--&gt;&lt;&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0,05). Les joueurs FT3 ont présenté de fortes corrélations entre l’âge (r&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0,75–0,82, &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt;!--&gt;&lt;&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0,01) et l’expérience (r&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0,63–0,77, &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt;!--&gt;&lt;&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0,01) avec la performance de sprint.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Ces résultats suggèrent que l’influence de l’âge et de l’expérience sur la performance physique des footballeurs CP dépend de la classification sportive. Bien que la performance physique soit fortement influencée par l’âge et l’expérience pour les joueurs FT2 et FT3, d’autres facteurs peuvent être plus importants pour les joueurs FT1, ce qui indique la nécessité de stratégies d’entraîn","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"40 5","pages":"Pages 427-434"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144656562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of menstruation on strength gains: A 12-week study","authors":"I. Holland-Coulton,&nbsp;J. Tallent,&nbsp;P. Price,&nbsp;E.J. Cushion","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2025.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2025.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objectives&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Determine if the number of days in menses affects back squat strength gains and to assess the feasibility of using autoregulation in resistance training.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Equipment and methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Nineteen (&lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;19) eumenorrheic, recreationally trained female subjects (age: 32&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;±&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;3.78 years, body mass 64.68&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;±&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;6.18&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;kg, height 167.79&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;±&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;6.02&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;cm) participated in three resistance training sessions per week over 12 weeks. Sets and repetitions were fixed, with subjects adjusting intensity using repetitions in reserve (RIR). Pre- and post-1-repetition maximum strength tests (1RM) measured back squat strength gains. Subjective measures were taken via the Borg's Rate of Perceived Exertion scale (RPE) and the Total Quality Recovery questionnaire (TQR). Menstrual cycle (MC) data was collected from subjects via the FitrWoman app.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Participants recorded 100% of the required data and completed all prescribed training sessions. A significant increase in mean back squat strength was observed (&lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;19, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt;!--&gt;&lt;&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.001, &lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.67). Performance data showed no significant differences between fewer or more days in menses for back squat tests, total training volume load, and TQR results. There were significant increases in session RPE for subjects with more days in menses (F [10, 170]&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;2.175, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.021, np&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.113). There was no significant increase in body mass over the 12 weeks.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The study demonstrates that days in menses do not significantly affect training outcomes, but a higher perceived exertion was reported for those with more days in menses. Furthermore, the research demonstrates autoregulation is a feasible approach for training female athletes.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objectif&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Déterminer si le nombre de jours de menstruation affecte les gains de force au squat arrière et évaluer la faisabilité de l’autorégulation dans l’entraînement en résistance.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Méthodes&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Dix-neuf (&lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;19) femmes euménorrhéiques, entraînées de manière récréative (âge : 32&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;±&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;3,78 ans, masse corporelle 64,68&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;±&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;6,18&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;kg, taille 167,79&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;±&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;6,02&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;cm) ont participé à trois séances d’entraînement en résistance par semaine pendant 12 semaines. Les séries et répétitions étaient fixes, avec une intensité ajustée par les sujets en utilisant les répétitions en réserve (RIR). Des tests de force maximale en une répétition (1RM) ont été effectués avant et après pour mesurer les gains de force au squat arrière. Des mesures subjectives ont été prises via l’échelle de l’évaluation perceptive de l’effort de Borg (RPE) et le question","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"40 5","pages":"Pages 408-414"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144653073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploratory analysis of cumulative fatigue derived from volume and intensity indicators in stage races of professional cycling","authors":"Á.S. Machado ,&nbsp;C. De la Fuente ,&nbsp;A. Javaloyes ,&nbsp;M. Moya-Ramón ,&nbsp;M. Mateo-March ,&nbsp;F.P. Carpes","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2024.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2024.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objective&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;To describe the cumulative fatigue based on volume and power output from 12 professional male cyclists during two consecutive editions of the Giro d’Italia.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Volume and power output were recorded during the competitions and described according to time at different intensity zones based on power output (Z0 lower to Z7 higher). Correlations, principal component analysis (PCA), Gaussian clustering, and two-way ANOVA were performed (type error I of 5%).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The higher intensity zones elicited higher power output in shorter stages (R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.54). In contrast, the lower intensity zones were predominant in longer stages. The time spent in Z1 to Z3 (r&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.67, 0.84, and 0.73, respectively) correlated more with the stage's volume duration than time in Z4 to Z7 (r&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.48, 0.44, 0.51, and 0.38, respectively). The normalized volume declined between stages 2 to 4, 8 to 10, 13 to 15, and 18 to 19. Time spent in Z4 and Z6 reduced one or two stages before reduction of time in Z1. In contrast, time increase in higher intensity zones was observed when time in Z1 reduced. Finally, average power in Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5, Z6, and Z7 explained 63.62%, 18.20%, 8.12%, 5.84%, 2.98%, 1.20%, and 0.02% of the total variance in the normalized time volume, respectively. Volume and power zone data can recognize cumulative fatigue and performance recovery during a grand tour. Rest days favored performance recovery, mainly the second rest day.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objectif&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Cette étude analyse la fatigue cumulative basée sur le volume et la puissance produite par 12 cyclistes professionnels masculins lors de deux éditions consécutives du Giro d’Italia.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Méthodes&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Les données de volume et de puissance ont été enregistrées et analysées en fonction du temps passé dans des zones d’intensité définies (Z0 à Z7). Les analyses incluaient des corrélations, une analyse en composantes principales (ACP), un regroupement gaussien et une Anova à deux facteurs (erreur de type I fixée à 5 %).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Résultats&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Les zones d’intensité élevée ont généré une puissance supérieure dans les étapes courtes (R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0,54), tandis que les zones d’intensité faible prédominaient dans les étapes longues. Le temps passé dans les zones Z1 à Z3 montrait une corrélation plus forte avec la durée totale de l’étape que les zones Z4 à Z7. Le volume normalisé a diminué entre les étapes 2 et 4, 8 et 10, 13 et 15, ainsi que 18 et 19. Les zones Z4 et Z6 ont présenté des diminutions une ou deux étapes avant celles observées dans la zone Z1. Inversement, une augmentation des zones d’intensité élevée était associée à une réduction du temps dans Z1. La puissance moyenne expliquait une grande partie de la variance totale dans les zones Z1 (63,62 %), Z2 (18,20 %) et Z3 (8,12 %). Les jours de repo","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"40 5","pages":"Pages 387-396"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144656561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of exercise and supplement interventions on body composition and physical fitness in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","authors":"T. Oh ,&nbsp;H. Park ,&nbsp;S. Han","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2025.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2025.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Purpose&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This study aimed to explore the impact of intervention combining physical activities and supplement (vitamin D and protein) intake on the body composition and physical fitness variables in older adults.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases were searched to find articles published between 2010 and 2022. Subsequently, a meta-analysis was performed on nine variables extracted from eight articles that corresponded to the design of this study.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The application of a combination of exercise and supplement intake had a moderate effect size on fat mass (SMD&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;−0.70), a small effect size on body mass index (BMI, SMD&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;−0.27) and lean mass (SMD&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.33), and no effect on bone mineral density (SMD&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;−0.14) in older adults. With regard to physical fitness variables, results showed a large effect size on 30-s sit-to-stand (SMD&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;1.19), chair stand (SMD&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;−1.55), timed up-and-go (SMD&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;−1.10), and 400-m walk speed (SMD&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;1.54) and a small effect size on handgrip strength (SMD&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.26), which is an indicator of systemic muscle strength.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Considering the age-related decline in physical strength among older adults, this study suggests that a combination of physical activities, vitamin D, and protein intake can positively influence the body composition and physical fitness of older adults albeit with variations in effect sizes. However, caution should be taken when interpreting the results owing to the differences in supplement products, intake duration and amount, and exercise methods. To provide more specific and objective analysis results, further collection and analysis of additional clinical trials are recommended, serving as essential groundwork for developing interventions aimed at enhancing muscle strength.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objectifs&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Cette étude visait à explorer l’impact d’une intervention combinant des activités physiques et la prise de compléments alimentaires (vitamine D et protéines) sur la composition corporelle et différents marqueurs de la condition physique chez des sujets âgés.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Méthodes&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Les bases de données PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library et Google Scholar ont été consultées pour identifier des articles publiés entre 2010 et 2022. Une méta-analyse a ensuite été réalisée sur neuf variables extraites de huit articles correspondant au cadre de cette étude.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Résultats&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;L’association exercices physiques et prise de compléments a montré un effet modéré sur la masse grasse (différence moyenne standardisée (SMD)&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;–0,70), un effet faible sur l’indice de masse corporelle (IMC, SMD&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;–0,27) et la masse maigre","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"40 5","pages":"Pages 359-368"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144656158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comments on article “Acute effects of blood flow restriction during the recovery periods of squats on mechanical, cardiorespiratory, metabolic, and perceptual responses”","authors":"T. Triwiyanto ,&nbsp;S. Luthfiyah","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2025.02.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2025.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"40 4","pages":"Pages 352-353"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144242977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}