Science & Sports最新文献

{"title":"Participation in sports club is associated with higher physical activity and favorable weight status in Taiwanese adolescents","authors":"F.-A. Yang , C.-K. Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2023.03.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2023.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Physical inactivity in adolescents is a pandemic that can lead to long-term medical and social burden. This study aimed to investigate the effect of sports club participation on meeting the World Health Organization guidelines of 420<!--> <!-->minutes of physical activity per week and body weight status in adolescents in Taiwan, where sports club participation rate is lower than that in Western countries.</p></div><div><h3>Summary of facts and results</h3><p>A nationally representative data of 44,206 junior high school students (19,893 male and 24,313 female) from Student Participation in Physical Activity Survey during 2013–2019 academic years were analyzed. Sports club participation, height and body weight, and weekly duration of physical activity during school semester and summer and winter vacations were self-reported.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of all responders, 30.6% of the responders participated in sport clubs, who were more likely to meet the recommended physical activity level during the school semester (odds ratio [OR], 3.94; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.58–4.33) and summer (OR: 2.52; 95% CI: 2.35–2.71) and winter vacations (OR: 2.66; 95% CI: 2.45–2.88). In addition, participation in sports club is associated with lower likelihood of being underweight (OR: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.79–0.90), overweight (OR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.79–0.90), or obese (OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.69–0.84).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study highlights the importance of sport clubs in promoting physical activity and maintaining normal body weight status in Asian adolescents. Schools and government should increase the number of school-based and out-of-school sport clubs and promote participation.</p></div><div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>L’inactivité physique chez les adolescents est une pandémie qui peut entraîner des problèmes médicaux et sociaux à long terme. Cette étude visait à étudier l’effet de la participation à un club sportif sur le respect des directives de l’Organisation mondiale de la Santé, à savoir 420<!--> <!-->minutes d’activité physique par semaine, et sur le statut pondéral des adolescents à Taïwan, où le taux de participation à un club sportif est inférieur à celui des pays occidentaux.</p></div><div><h3>Synthèse des faits et résultats</h3><p>Un ensemble de données représentatives à l’échelle nationale de 44 206 élèves du premier cycle du secondaire (19 893 élèves de sexe masculin et 24 313 élèves de sexe féminin), issues de l’enquête sur la participation des étudiants à l’activité physique au cours des années scolaires 2013–2019, a été analysé. La participation à un club sportif, la taille et le poids corporel, ainsi que la durée hebdomadaire de l’activité physique pendant le semestre scolaire et les vacances d’été et d’hiver ont été auto déclarés.</p></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><p>Sur l’ensemble des personnes interrogées, 30,6 % participaient à des clubs sportifs et étaient plus susceptibles d’atteindre le niveau","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"39 2","pages":"Pages 214-217"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139537838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of omnivorous and vegetarian diets in neuromuscular adaptations to physical exercise: A systematic review","authors":"L.G. Seimetz, P.B. Zanella","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2022.07.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2022.07.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>The aim of this systematic review is to analyze the scientific evidence in relation to neuromuscular adaptations to physical exercise in vegetarians versus omnivores.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A thorough literature search of randomized clinical trials was conducted in PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL (Cochrane), CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science without limitation of the starting date until June of 2021. Trials were eligible for inclusion if they measured the effect of diet (vegetarian or vegan versus omnivorous) of physical activity practitioners on neuromuscular adaptations, such as strength, power, endurance, and muscle hypertrophy.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Eleven studies were selected, most performed with males. The intervention period ranged from one 1 to 12 weeks, and four studies supplement creatine. No statistically significant difference was observed for most parameters, only one study found difference in the strength where it was significantly higher for the vegetarian diet group. Of the studies that had creatine supplementation in one, the peak power output was greater for the mixed diet than for vegetarians, and in the other, vegetarians had total work performance greater than omnivores.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Vegetarian plus creatine and ovolactovegetarian diets seem to have no inferiority compared to the omnivorous diet in relation to neuromuscular adaptations to exercise, but caution still required for other vegetarian diets which that may not provide adequate amounts of protein and micronutrients.</p></div><div><h3>Objectif</h3><p>L’objectif de cette revue systématique est d’analyser les preuves scientifiques relatives aux adaptations neuromusculaires à l’exercice physique chez les végétariens par rapport aux omnivores.</p></div><div><h3>Méthodes</h3><p>Une recherche documentaire approfondie des essais cliniques randomisés a été menée dans PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL (Cochrane), CINAHL, SPORTDiscus et Web of Science sans limitation de date de début jusqu’en juin 2021. Les essais étaient éligibles pour l’inclusion s’ils mesuraient l’effet du régime alimentaire (végétarien ou végétalien versus omnivore) des pratiquants d’activité physique sur les adaptations neuromusculaires, telles que la force, la puissance, l’endurance et l’hypertrophie musculaire.</p></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><p>Onze études ont été sélectionnées, la plupart réalisées avec des hommes. La période d’intervention variait de 1 à 12 semaines, et quatre études utilisaient une supplémentation en créatine. Aucune différence statistiquement significative n’a été observée pour la plupart des paramètres, une seule étude a trouvé une différence de force laquelle était significativement plus élevée pour le groupe végétarien. Parmi les études qui incluaient une supplémentation en créatine dans l’une, la puissance de maximale était plus élevée pour le régime mixte que pour les végétariens, et dans l’autre, les végétariens avaient ","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"39 2","pages":"Pages 153-161"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135249287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autogenic training to influence the flexibility of the hamstring muscles and perceived stress of healthy women – A randomized controlled feasibility study","authors":"A. Haueise , M. Körner , A.V. Dieterich","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2023.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2023.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Stretching is widely used in sports and physiotherapy for improving flexibility, performance, and lowering the risk of injury. Recent research re-evaluated the effects and underlying mechanisms of stretching, challenging the belief that muscles would elongate. Currently, two main mechanisms are supported by evidence, (a) an altered sensation leading to a greater tolerance to stretch, and (b) changes in the viscoelastic properties of muscle tissue. Similar effects on the nervous system and muscles have been observed following relaxation therapy. Besides somatic effects, relaxation techniques have shown psychological effects, especially on stress and stress-related symptoms. Possible correlations between psychological relaxation and muscle flexibility have not been scientifically evaluated. The aim of this study was to pilot a study design to evaluate possible effects of Autogenic Training on functional flexibility, muscle activity, and muscle stiffness as well as perceived stress.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Twelve female participants (age: 23<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->2) were randomly assigned to the relaxation (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->6) or the stress group (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->6). The relaxation group conducted the exercise <em>the heaviness</em> from the “Autogenic Training” relaxation therapy, while the stress group completed the “Montreal Imaging Stress Task”, a standardized stress induction protocol. Perceived stress, flexibility, activation, and stiffness of the hamstring muscles were measured before and after the interventions. Measurements consisted of the “Perceived Stress Questionnaire”, the “Toe Touch Test”, the “Passive Straight Leg Raise Test”, the normalized amplitude of surface electromyography, and the shear modulus of the biceps femoris and semitendinosus muscles.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>From baseline to post assessment perceived stress decreased significantly in the relaxation group, (<em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.027), while perceived stress increased in the stress group, (<em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.028). The relaxation group demonstrated a significant increase in functional flexibility measured with the “Toe Touch Test”, (<em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.046), while the stress group showed no significant changes in any of the measures. There was no statistically significant correlation between perceived stress and the other outcome measures. No changes of muscle stiffness or activation in the hamstring muscles were detected.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Autogenic training appears to be a promising intervention to reduce perceived stress and improve functional flexibility in movements such as toe touching. In future research, the effects of long-term relaxation programs on flexibility should be evaluated.</p></div><div><h3>Contexte</h3><p>Les exercices d’assouplissement de la musculature en sport ou en kinésithérapie pour améliorer la mobilité, prévenir les blessures et a","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"39 2","pages":"Pages 177-185"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139294528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns of health enhancing physical activity in older patients with diabetes mellitus","authors":"Š. Volčanšek , M. Lunder , A. Janež","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2022.11.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2022.11.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>We aimed to examine self-reported physical activity (PA) and sitting time (ST) in older patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in daily clinical practice, and their associations with metabolic health, namely body mass index (BMI) and glycemic control (HbA1c).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This cross-sectional cohort non-exposure study included 117 patients (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->29 T1D and <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->88 T2D), aged 71.6<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1.1 years, on insulin regimens. Statistical analyses were conducted on data gathered with the validated International Physical Activity Questionnaire.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>T1D patients reported a longer duration of weekly physical activity and shorter duration of sitting time compared to T2D patients (active 162<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->32 vs 72<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->12<!--> <!-->minutes weekly; sedentary 4.4<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.7 vs 6.7<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.9<!--> <!-->hours daily, respectively) (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.01 for both). PA was negatively associated with BMI in T1D (r<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->–0.5; <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.01). ST was positively associated with BMI in T2D (r<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.2; <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05). Only the (T2D<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->T1D) patients who achieved ><!--> <!-->1500 metabolic equivalent-minutes weekly had significantly lower HbA1c (7.9<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1.6% vs.7.3<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1.2% (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Physical inactivity was associated with a higher BMI in a real-world cohort of older patients with diabetes, on insulin treatment. Beneficial effects of PA on glycemic control were observed only in the highly active subgroup. Assessing and addressing health-enhancing physical activity should be integrated into everyday clinical practice, since encouraging different modes of physical activity and interrupting sitting behavior has potential health implications.</p></div><div><h3>Objectif</h3><p>L’objectif était d’examiner l’activité physique (AP) et le temps passé assis (TA) autodéclarés chez les patients âgés atteints de diabète de type 1 (DT1) et de diabète de type 2 (DT2) dans la pratique clinique quotidienne, et leurs associations avec la santé métabolique, à savoir l’indice de masse corporelle (IMC) et le contrôle glycémique (HbA1c).</p></div><div><h3>Méthodes</h3><p>Cette étude transversale de cohorte sans exposition a inclus 117 patients (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->29 DT1 et <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->88 DT2), âgés de 71,6<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1,1 ans, sous insuline. Des analyses statistiques ont été menées sur les données recueillies avec le questionnaire international sur l’activité physique validée.</p></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><p>Les patients DT1 ont rapporté une durée d’activité physique hebdomadaire plus longue et une durée plus courte de temps assis par ra","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"39 2","pages":"Pages 162-169"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135248256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Core temperature while swimming in warm water wearing a triathlon wetsuit","authors":"A.P. Swafford , B. Lim , K.E. Conroy , J.A. Mercer","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2023.03.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2023.03.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The purpose was to determine if core temperature was influenced by wearing a triathlon wetsuit while swimming in warm water (25.5<!--> <!-->°C).</p></div><div><h3>Summary of facts and results</h3><p>Participants (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->5) completed two 1000<!--> <!-->m swim conditions: wearing a full sleeve wetsuit (W<sub>Full</sub>) and no wetsuit (NWS) at a self-selected pace. Condition order was randomized. Core temperature was measured using an ingestible telemetry core temperature pill. Initial temperature (T<sub>i</sub>), final temperature (T<sub>f</sub>), average temperature (T<sub>AVG</sub>) and rate of change of temperature (ΔT/Δt) were recorded for analysis. Core temperature was analyzed using a 2 (condition: W<sub>Full</sub>, NWS)<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->2 (time: Ti, Tf) repeated measures analysis of variance. Stroke rate, performance time, T<sub>AVG</sub>, and ΔT/Δt were compared between conditions using paired <em>t</em>-tests. Core temperature was not influenced by the interaction of condition and time (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.118) nor by condition (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.695) but was influenced by time (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.012). T<sub>AVG</sub>, ΔT/Δt, and stroke rate were not different between conditions (<em>P</em> <!-->><!--> <!-->0.05). Swim performance was faster for the W<sub>Full</sub> (861.9<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->109.0<!--> <!-->s) vs. NWS condition (912.1<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->114.7<!--> <!-->s; <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Core temperature during swimming in warm water (25.5<!--> <!-->°C) at self-selected pace was not influenced by wearing a wetsuit.</p></div><div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>L’objectif de cette étude était de déterminer si la température corporelle était influencée par le port d’une combinaison de triathlon lors de la natation en eau chaude (25,5<!--> <!-->°C).</p></div><div><h3>Résumé des faits et résultats</h3><p>Les participants (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->5) ont nagé sur une distance de 1000<!--> <!-->m dans deux conditions : en portant une combinaison à manches complètes (WFull) ou sans combinaison (NWS), à une vitesse de libre choix. L’ordre des conditions était aléatoire. La température centrale a été mesurée à l’aide d’une pilule télémétrique ingérable. La température initiale (Ti), la température finale (Tf), la température moyenne (TAVG) et le changement de température (ΔT/Δt) ont été enregistrés pour être analysés. La température centrale a été analysée à l’aide d’une Anova à mesures répétées à 2 voies prenant en compte les effets de la condition (WFull versus NWS) et du temps de mesure (Ti versus Tf). La fréquence cardiaque, les performances, les TAVG et ΔT/Δt ont été comparés entre les différentes conditions à l’aide de tests <em>t</em> appariés. La température centrale n’a pas été influencée par l’interaction entre la condition et le temps (<em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0,118) ni par la conditio","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"39 2","pages":"Pages 218-222"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139640036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can carbohydrate periodization strategies be applied to bodybuilding athletes in the pre-contest phase?","authors":"H. Fernandes","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2023.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2023.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"39 2","pages":"Pages 223-224"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139297617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the post-exercise recovery period through isolated outcomes is ideal?","authors":"N.L. Gervazoni , C.M. Pastre , L.C.M. Vanderlei","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2023.03.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2023.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"39 2","pages":"Pages 225-226"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139300922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-activation performance enhancement on change of direction speed: Effects of heavy back-squat exercise","authors":"T. Aytac ,&nbsp;F. Esatbeyoglu ,&nbsp;A. Kin-Isler","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2023.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2023.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><p>The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute effects of a heavy back-squat exercise on change of direction performance.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Eighteen male team sports athletes (age 23.6<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->3.3y) performed T-test and 505 Test in consecutive sessions with and without heavy back-squat exercise applied as three sets of three repetitions at 90% of 1 RM as a conditioning activity in a randomized order. Change of direction tests were repeated at time intervals of 15<!--> <!-->seconds, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 15<!--> <!-->minutes after those two different conditions.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In 505 Test, no significant condition effect, time effect or condition–time interaction were found (<em>P</em> <!-->&gt;<!--> <!-->0.05). In T-test, there was no significant condition effect (<em>P</em> <!-->&gt;<!--> <!-->0.05); however, time effect and condition × time interaction were significant (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The findings of this study showed that the conditioning activity applied to elicit post-activation performance enhancement did not have any significant effect on 505 Test; on the contrary, in T-Test, the conditioning activity led to fatigue, rather than a potentiation effect.</p></div><div><h3>Objectif</h3><p>Étudier les effets précis d’un exercice de squat-arrière lourd sur les performances de changement de direction.</p></div><div><h3>Matériels et méthodes</h3><p>Dix-huit athlètes masculins de sports d’équipe (âgés de 23,6<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->3,3 ans) ont exécuté des tests-T et des tests 505 au cours de séances consécutives avec et sans l’exercice de back-squat lourd appliqué en trois séries de trois répétitions à 90 % de 1 RM comme activité de conditionnement dans un ordre aléatoire. Les tests de changement de direction ont été répétés à des intervalles de temps de 15 secondes, 2, 4, 8, 12 et 15<!--> <!-->minutes après ces deux conditions différentes.</p></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><p>Dans le test 505, aucun effet significatif de la condition, du temps ou de l’interaction condition–temps n’a été trouvé (<em>p</em> <!-->&gt;<!--> <!-->0,05). Dans le test T, il n’y avait pas d’effet significatif de la condition (<em>p</em> <!-->&gt;<!--> <!-->0,05) ; cependant, l’effet du temps et l’interaction condition × temps étaient significatifs (<em>p</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0,05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Les résultats de cette étude ont démontré que l’activité de conditionnement appliquée pour susciter l’amélioration de la performance post-activation n’a pas eu d’effet significatif sur le test 505 ; au contraire, l’activité de conditionnement a conduit à de la fatigue, plutôt qu’à un effet de potentialisation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"39 2","pages":"Pages 196-205"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139539377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of time restricted feeding on weight loss and other changes of anthropometric parameters among physically active individuals","authors":"X. Liu,&nbsp;Y. Xu,&nbsp;X. Mu,&nbsp;J. Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2023.01.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2023.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><p>As one of the intermittent fasting dietary strategies, Time Restricted Feeding (TRF) has received attention in recent years. However, the relationship between TRF and physical activity is unclear. The purpose of this article is to systematically review the effects of TRF dietary strategies on body weight and other anthropometric parameters in physically active individuals. The English literature in the PubMed database were searched and screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria.</p></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><p>Ultimately, 6 studies were included for meta-analysis. All studies were 16/8 TRF protocol, and the duration was 4–10 weeks. The study found that after the intervention, compared with the control group (normal diet), the participants had a significant decrease in body mass (MD: –3.08; 95% CI: –5.29 to –0.86; <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.006; <em>I</em>²: 0%) and fat mass (MD: –1.79; 95% CI: –2.61 to –0.97; <em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.0001; <em>I</em>²: 0%), and there was no difference in fat-free mass (MD: –1.04; 95% CI: –3.24 to 1.17; <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.36; <em>I</em>²<span>: 0%). TRF intervention also resulted in decreased testosterone levels in participants, but the effect on cortisol and IGF-1 is not clear.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>TRF combined with exercise may lead to healthier weight loss, but more experiments are needed to prove whether long-term fasting strategy is effective.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"39 1","pages":"Pages 87-95"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124802115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of acute and residual match-induced fatigue on repeated sprint ability in soccer players","authors":"D. Marqués-Jiménez ,&nbsp;J. Calleja-González ,&nbsp;I. Arratibel-Imaz ,&nbsp;M.T. Jones ,&nbsp;N. Terrados","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2023.01.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2023.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objectives&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Limited research exists concerning how Repeated-Sprint Ability (RSA) performance is impaired and recovered after match-induced loads. The aim of the current study was to describe the effect of post-match acute and residual fatigue on RSA in male semi-professional soccer players.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Equipment and methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;The day before a friendly match, players performed the 7&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;×&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;34.2&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;m Bangsbo RSA Test, which was repeated immediately post-, at 24&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;hours (h) and 48&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;h post-match. Internal and external match loads were also monitored during the match.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Post-match acute fatigue was reflected in significant impairments in the worst sprint time, the best sprint time, and the mean of the sprint times, but not in fatigue indexes (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt;!--&gt;&lt;&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.05). Small and non-significant impairments in RSA-derived indices were evident at 24&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;h post-match (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt;!--&gt;&lt;&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.05), indicating that a 24&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;h period was sufficient to recover from post-match residual fatigue. Moreover, RSA performance at post-match and during recovery may be specifically affected by decelerations (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt;!--&gt;&lt;&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.05). In summary, this study indicates that acute match-induced fatigue may be reflected in marked impairment in RSA performance immediately post-match, while residual match-induced fatigue does not impair RSA performance during the recovery period.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objectifs&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Il existe peu de recherches sur la façon dont la performance de la capacité à répéter des sprints (CRS) est altérée et récupérée après des charges induites par un match. L’objectif de la présente étude était de décrire l’effet de la fatigue aiguë et résiduelle après le match sur la CRS chez des joueurs de football semi-professionnels masculins.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Matériel et méthodes&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;La veille d’un match amical, les joueurs ont effectué le Bangsbo test (7&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;×&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;34,2&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;m), qui a été répété immédiatement après, à 24&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;heures (h) et 48&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;h après le match. Les charges internes et externes du match ont également été monitorisées pendant le match.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Résultats&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;La fatigue aiguë après le match s’est traduite par des différences significatives dans le plus bas temps de sprint, du meilleur temps de sprint et de la moyenne des temps de sprint, mais pas dans l’indice de fatigue (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt;!--&gt;&lt;&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0,05). Nous avons trouvé de petites différences mais non significatives au niveau des paramètres de la CRS 24&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;h après le match (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt;!--&gt;&lt;&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0,05), ceci indique qu’une période de 24&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;h était suffisante pour récupérer de la fatigue résiduelle après le match. De plus, la performance de la CRS après le match et pendant la récupération peut être spécifiquement affectée par les décélérations (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt;!--&gt;&lt;&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0,05). En résu","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"39 1","pages":"Pages 96-104"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139305093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}