Science & Sports最新文献

{"title":"Comments on article “Acute effects of blood flow restriction during the recovery periods of squats on mechanical, cardiorespiratory, metabolic, and perceptual responses”","authors":"T. Triwiyanto , S. Luthfiyah","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2025.02.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2025.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"40 4","pages":"Pages 352-353"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144242977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress urinary incontinence in French elite women's rugby","authors":"H. Clapin , L. Ramiz , S. Raoul des Essarts , V. Trandeau de Marsac , C. Maître","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Stress urinary incontinence in elite sportswomen has been the subject of numerous studies, but few have focused on rugby despite being a high-risk sport with dynamic and isometric stresses on the perineum.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study looked at the symptoms of stress urinary incontinence found in players over 18 of the twelve Elite 1 and reserve teams during the 2023/2024 season, with the aim of removing the taboo surrounding this pathology and enabling the development of educational content for players and staffs. The French Rugby Federation and the Institut de Santé Publique d’Epidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED – University of Bordeaux) supported this work.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>A thirty-eight-question diagnostic survey based on the ICIQ (International Consultation Incontinence Questionnaire) and Contilife, looking into triggering factors, primary and secondary prevention, or quality of life was submitted to female players via their club doctor from April 2 to May 2, 2024. A full description was drawn up, along with statistical tests to identify the players most likely to suffer from urinary stress incontinence.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the players, 159 had responded to the survey from the twelve Elite 1 clubs, i.e. around 33% of the target population. The estimated prevalence of stress urinary incontinence was 49.4%. Symptoms preferentially affected players with a high BMI (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0,005), particularly forwards (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0,001). The main situations at risk are jumping (33%), landing jumps (26%), being tackled (26%), sprinting (26%), carrying loads (24%), and concentric abdominal strengthening (17%). Although the majority of players do not express any discomfort, just under a third of them are negatively affected in their rugby playing and around one in four in everyday life.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Stress urinary incontinence in Elite women's rugby is still subject to inadequate primary prevention, delayed diagnosis and still fragile secondary prevention. Yet it is a source of discomfort in the daily lives of one player in four, and as such should no longer be considered a taboo or an inconvenience inherent in intensive sports practice.</div></div><div><h3>Contexte</h3><div>L’incontinence urinaire d’effort chez la sportive de haut niveau a fait l’objet de nombreuses études mais peu d’entre elles s’intéressent spécifiquement au rugby, pourtant sport à risque avec des contraintes sur le périnée à fortes composantes dynamiques et isométriques.</div></div><div><h3>Objectifs</h3><div>Ce travail s’est intéressé aux symptômes d’incontinence urinaire d’effort retrouvés chez les joueuses majeures des douze équipes d’Elite 1 et de réserve durant la saison 2023/2024 dans le but de lever le tabou sur cette pathologie et de permettre la mise en place de contenus pédagogiques à destination des joueuses. La ","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"40 4","pages":"Pages 328-337"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144243093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined ketone ester and carbohydrate solution on exercise capacity in type 2 diabetics","authors":"S. Vitti , M. Bruneau Jr. , S.A.E. Headley , E. O’Neill , E. Miele","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2025.02.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2025.02.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to examine whether acute ingestion of a ketone supplement co-ingested with CHO improved time to exhaustion in those with type 2 diabetes compared to non-diabetic controls.</div></div><div><h3>Equipment and methods</h3><div>: A total of 18 participants (<em>N</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->18; <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->9 [type 2 diabetic]; <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->9 [non-diabetic]) consumed a ketone ester supplement combined with a carbohydrate mixture and a carbohydrate-only supplement prior to completing a time-to-exhaustion protocol. Blood glucose and ketone samples were taken prior to treatment, prior to time-to-exhaustion protocol, and immediately, 15<!--> <!-->min, 30<!--> <!-->min, and 45<!--> <!-->min post-exercise. Blood lactate was assessed prior to treatment, prior to time-to-exhaustion protocol, and immediately- and 15<!--> <!-->min post-exercise.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Combined ketone and carbohydrate significantly elevated blood ketones in both groups (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05). Combined ketone and carbohydrate did not affect time-to-exhaustion in either group. Both treatments significantly increased blood glucose and lactate in both groups across time (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05); however, there was no significant group<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->time<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->supplement interaction (<em>P</em> <!-->><!--> <!-->0.05). The results show that acute ingestion of a combined ketone and carbohydrate did not improve time-to-exhaustion or blood glucose in type 2 diabetics or non-diabetics.</div></div><div><h3>Objectif</h3><div>Cette étude visait à vérifier si l’ingestion d’un supplément de corps cétoniques (cétones), associé à des glucides, améliorait le temps le maintien d’un exercice chez des personnes atteintes de diabète de type 2, comparativement à des témoins non diabétiques.</div></div><div><h3>Matériel et méthodes</h3><div>Un total de 18 participants (diabétiques de type 2, <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->9; non diabétiques, <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->9) ont consommé soit un supplément d’esters de cétones et de glucides, soit un supplément uniquement de glucides avant de réaliser un protocole d’exercice jusqu’à épuisement. Des prélèvements de sang veineux ont été réalisés avant le traitement, avant le protocole d’exercice, ainsi qu’immédiatement, à 15<!--> <!-->min, 30<!--> <!-->min et 45<!--> <!-->min après celui-ci. Le lactate sanguin a été évalué avant le traitement, avant le protocole d’exercice, ainsi qu’immédiatement et à 15<!--> <!-->min après celui-ci.</div></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><div>L’association cétones et glucides a significativement augmenté la concentration des cétones dans le sang veineux dans les deux groupes expérimentaux (<em>p</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0,05). Cette association n’a pas affecté le temps d’épuisement dans aucun des groupes. Les deux traitements (association cétones<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->glucides, ou glu","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"40 4","pages":"Pages 338-345"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144243294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moderate doses of caffeine improve intermittent exercise performance and executive function in female team athletes in high-temperature and humidity environments","authors":"L. Quan , W. Wen , H. Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2024.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2024.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the effects of different doses of caffeine intake on intermittent exercise performance and executive function in female basketball players in high-temperature and humidity environments.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A single-blinded crossover randomized controlled experimental design was employed in this study. Ten basketball-specific universities volunteered to receive the following four different doses of caffeine to complete an intermittent exercise protocol designed as simulated basketball matches: (1) CON, 9<!--> <!-->mg/kg calcium carbonate; (2) CAF3, a mixture of 3<!--> <!-->mg/kg caffeine and 6<!--> <!-->mg/kg calcium carbonate; (3) CAF6, a mixture of 6<!--> <!-->mg/kg caffeine and 3<!--> <!-->mg/kg calcium carbonate; and (4) CAF9, 9<!--> <!-->mg/kg of caffeine. This experiment was conducted in a laboratory with high temperature and humidity (35<!--> <!-->°C, 65% RH). Core temperature (CT) and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured, and the Stroop test was performed during the exercise. Furthermore, blood lactate (B[La]) and countermovement jump (CMJ) were monitored pre-exercise and post-exercise.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared with the CON condition, the CAF6 condition significantly increased peak and mean power during the intermittent exercise (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05). In the Stroop task, the CAF6 condition significantly reduced both consistent and inconsistent response time (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05). The CAF6 condition significantly increased CMJ height before intermittent exercise was performed (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05). The CAF6 and CAF9 conditions significantly increased CT at halftime (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A caffeine intake dose of 6<!--> <!-->mg/kg significantly improved intermittent exercise performance and executive function in female basketball players in high temperature and humidity environments.</div></div><div><h3>Objectif</h3><div>Cette étude visait à examiner les effets de différentes doses de caféine sur la performance lors de l’exercice intermittent et la fonction exécutive chez les joueuses de basket-ball dans des environnements à température et humidité élevées.</div></div><div><h3>Méthodes</h3><div>Cette étude s’est appuyée sur un modèle expérimental contrôlé randomisé en simple aveugle. Dix basketteuses universitaires se sont portées volontaires pour recevoir les quatre doses de caféine suivantes afin de compléter un protocole d’exercice intermittent conçu comme des matchs de basket-ball simulés: (1) CON, 9<!--> <!-->mg/kg de carbonate de calcium; (2) CAF3, un mélange de 3<!--> <!-->mg/kg de caféine et de 6<!--> <!-->mg/kg de carbonate de calcium; (3) CAF6, un mélange de 6<!--> <!-->mg/kg de caféine et de 3<!--> <!-->mg/kg de carbonate de calcium; et (4) CAF9, 9<!--> <!-->mg/kg de caféine. Cette expérience a été menée dans un laboratoir","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"40 4","pages":"Pages 319-327"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144243092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential effects of low-carbohydrate strategies in endurance disciplines at intensities relative to the crossover point: A scooping review","authors":"A. Mora-Fernandez , R. Lopez-Grueso , J. Conde-Pipó , J.A. Latorre , N. Gimenez-Blasi , M. Mariscal-Arcas","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2024.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2024.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The aim of this review was to analyse the physiological effects of using different low-carbohydrate protocols at intensities where the use of fat as an energy fuel is beginning to decrease, and their possible applications in endurance athletes.</div></div><div><h3>Data sources</h3><div>A search was carried out between March and May 2021 in different databases such as Medline (through the public search engine Pubmed) and SPORTDiscus. The search formula used in both databases was as follows: [(periodized nutrition) OR (low carbohydrate) OR (high fat diet)] AND [(endurance sport) OR (athletic performance)] AND [(maximal fat oxidation) OR (crossover point) OR (lactate threshold) OR (VT1) OR (first ventilatory threshold) OR (V-systolic threshold)]. No exclusion criteria was applied.</div></div><div><h3>Main results</h3><div>A total of 111 different results were found within the databases. 93 duplicate references or that not meet the objectives were removed. 5 other articles linked were included for their suitability with the objectives of this review. Twenty-three articles from the literature related to different low-carb strategies in different sports disciplines were finally reviewed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Increases in FATox and maximum fat oxidation rate (MFO) were reported after low carb strategies. In addition, an increase in the expression of genes related to fat metabolism and adaptations derived from endurance training was observed with these interventions, as well as contradictory results in running economy and other parameters of athletic performance. Although the findings from the use of these dietary strategies on endurance sport performance are not promising at intensities close to the crossover point, their application in glycaemic control and prevention of metabolic comorbidities in the endurance athlete shows promise.</div></div><div><h3>Objectifs</h3><div>L’objectif de cette étude était d’analyser les effets physiologiques de l’utilisation de différents protocoles à faible teneur en glucides à des intensités où l’utilisation des graisses comme carburant énergétique commence à diminuer, ainsi que leurs applications possibles chez les athlètes d’endurance.</div></div><div><h3>Sources de données</h3><div>Une recherche a été effectuée entre mars et mai 2021 dans différentes bases de données telles que Medline (via le moteur de recherche public Pubmed) et SPORTDiscus. La formule de recherche utilisée dans les deux bases de données était la suivante : ([periodized nutrition] OR [low carbohydrate] OR [high fat diet]) AND ([endurance sport] OR [athletic performance]) AND ([maximal fat oxidation] OR [crossover point] OR [lactate threshold] OR [VT1] OR [first ventilatory threshold] OR [V-systolic threshold]). Aucun critère d’exclusion n’a été appliqué.</div></div><div><h3>Principaux résultats</h3><div>Au total, 111 résultats différents ont été trouvés dans les bases de données. Quatre-vingt-treize","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"40 4","pages":"Pages 273-286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144242979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A response to Triwiyanto and Luthfiyah about “Comments on: Acute effects of blood flow restriction during the recovery periods of squats on mechanical, cardiorespiratory, metabolic, and perceptual responses”","authors":"B. Wang , D.L. Tran , D.A. Hackett","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2025.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2025.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"40 4","pages":"Pages 354-355"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144243094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Étude épidémiologique des stratégies nutritionnelles chez l’ultratraileur amateur participant aux courses de 50 à 110 km sur l’île de La Réunion. Une alimentation guidée par la santé plus que par la performance","authors":"B. Lemarchand , E. Lemarchand","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2025.02.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2025.02.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectif</h3><div>La pratique de l’ultratrail se démocratise et sa pratique gagne des populations d’origines socioculturelles diverses rendant nécessaire l’évaluation de l’adéquation des apports nutritionnels avec les besoins particuliers de ces sportifs.</div></div><div><h3>Méthode</h3><div>Étude descriptive transversale des habitudes alimentaires et des apports nutritionnels en période pré-, per- et post-compétitive de coureurs ayant terminé un ultratrail d’une distance comprise entre 50 et 110<!--> <!-->km sur l’île de La Réunion entre mars et décembre 2022, par autoquestionnaire rempli dans les 2 semaines suivant la compétition.</div></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><div>Trois cent trente-neuf ultratraileurs ont répondu au questionnaire. Parmi les 69 % de coureurs ayant estimé leurs ingestas glucidiques, 53 % déclarent consommer moins de 30<!--> <!-->g/h, 45 % entre 30 et 60<!--> <!-->g/h et seuls 5 coureurs (2 %) plus de 60<!--> <!-->g/h. Parmi les 95 % de coureurs ayant estimé leur consommation de boissons, 4 % prétendent consommer moins de 200<!--> <!-->mL/h, 32 % entre 200 et 400<!--> <!-->mL/h, 54 % entre 400 et 1000<!--> <!-->mL/h et 9 % plus d’1<!--> <!-->L/h. La plupart planifient leurs apports et 8 % se guident « à la soif ». En raison de leur pratique sportive, plus de la moitié des ultratraileurs concernés déclarent modifier leurs habitudes alimentaires en privilégiant des aliments bénéfiques pour leur santé (augmentation de fruits et légumes, de fibres, diminution de « sucres rapides » et de graisses saturées), et réduire leur consommation alcoolo tabagique. Les adaptations alimentaires sont principalement déterminées par l’expérience personnelle et le milieu sportif.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion et conclusion</h3><div>Si les habitudes alimentaires et les bénéfices apportés par la pratique sportive garantissent un excellent état de santé, une grande proportion des ultratraileurs déclarent des apports glucidiques et hydriques faibles surtout dans ce contexte de climat tropical qui paraissent problématiques pour les performances et la santé à court terme. Des études évaluant précisément les consommations permettraient d’objectiver ces déclarations.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The practice of ultra-marathon is becoming increasingly popular, with populations from a wide range of socio-cultural backgrounds taking part, making it necessary to assess the adequacy of nutritional intakes with the needs of these athletes.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Cross-sectional descriptive study of the dietary habits and nutritional intakes in the pre-, per- and post-competition periods of runners who completed an ultra-marathon over a distance between 50 and 110<!--> <!-->km on Reunion Island between March and December 2022, using a self-questionnaire completed within 2 weeks of the competition.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Three hundred and thirty-nine ultra-marathoners completed the questionnaire. Of the 69% of runne","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"40 4","pages":"Pages 299-308"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144239500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The dynamic strength index is higher in bilateral compared to unilateral testing","authors":"S. Svane, F. Spedsbjerg, M. Thusholt, M. Sørensen, S. Madsen, A. Iversen, M. Kristiansen","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2024.10.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2024.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The dynamic strength index corresponds to the ratio of peak force between a ballistic and isometric task. However, no studies to date have reported the difference between bilateral and unilateral testing of dynamic strength index. The aim of the present study was therefore to investigate the dynamic strength index computed using a unilateral task compared to a bilateral task. Furthermore, the relationship between the dynamic strength index and a 20-meter sprint test, a 505 change of direction test and a jump and reach test was investigated.</div></div><div><h3>Equipment and Methods</h3><div>Sixteen participants (female; <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->5, male; <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->11, age 23.6<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->2.3 years, height 173.7<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->8.6<!--> <!-->cm, body mass 74.9<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->17.5<!--> <!-->kg) completed a familiarization procedure, and on a separate day, performed counter movement jump (CMJ), Isometric Mid-thigh Pull (IMTP) and Isometric Squat (IS). Three trials were also completed in the sprint, change of direction, and jump and reach tests.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>A paired <em>t</em>-test showed a significantly higher dynamic strength index for IMTP bilateral compared to IMTP unilateral. However, no significant difference was found between dynamic strength index IS and dynamic strength index IMTP. A moderate positive correlation was revealed between dynamic strength index IMTP and sprint time, and a moderate negative correlation was revealed between dynamic strength index IMTP and jump and reach height.</div></div><div><h3>Objectifs</h3><div>L’indice de force dynamique correspond au rapport de la force maximale entre une tâche balistique et une tâche isométrique. Cependant, aucune étude à ce jour n’a rapporté la différence entre les tests bilatéraux et unilatéraux de l’indice de force dynamique. L’objectif de la présente étude était donc d’étudier l’indice de force dynamique calculé à l’aide d’une tâche unilatérale par rapport à une tâche bilatérale. En outre, la relation entre l’indice de force dynamique et un test de sprint de 20 mètres, un test de changement de direction 505 et un test de saut et d’extension a été étudiée.</div></div><div><h3>Matériel et méthodes</h3><div>Seize participants (femmes; <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->5, hommes; <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->11, âge 23,6<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->2,3 ans, taille 173,7<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->8,6<!--> <!-->cm, masse corporelle 74,9<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->17,5<!--> <!-->kg) ont suivi une procédure de familiarisation, et ont effectué les jours suivants un saut en contre-mouvement (CMJ), une traction isométrique à mi-cuisse (IMTP) et un squat isométrique (IS). Trois essais ont également été réalisés pour les tests de sprint, de changement de direction, de saut et d’extension.</div></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><div>Un test <em>t</em> apparié a montré un indice de force dynamique significativement plus élevé pour l","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"40 4","pages":"Pages 309-318"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144243295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the Vitruve for the back-squat movement with free weights","authors":"I. Chabi , A. Soucy , P. Paradis-Deschênes , M. Lavallière","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Although the “Vitruve” brand linear potentiometer has been validated for bench press, it needs to be validated for other sports movements such as squat to diversify its usefulness. Vitruve is claimed to be more accurate than Push, an independent accelerometer already validated for squats in general and specifically for back squats with free weights. As both devices have similar price tags, a comparison of these tools with a standard measurement (the video) will enable kinesiologists and fitness trainers to make an informed choice according to their needs. The aim was to validate the measurements obtained by Vitruve during the execution of a squat versus the Push and video analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Key facts</h3><div>Both the Vitruve and Push machines were attached to an Olympic bar with loads of 0%, 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% of the 1RM of two participants with a total of 180 repetitions (2 sets of 5 repetitions per load up to and including 60%, then 5 sets of 1 repetition at 80%). The mean and maximum velocities of the concentric phase of the two devices were recorded for the same repetition and then compared with kinematic analysis by video (60<!--> <!-->Hz with the Kinovea tool). Data analysis shows strong correlations for mean velocity between Vitruve and Push versus video (respectively r<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.73 and r<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.76; <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.001) and a very strong Vitruve/Push correlation (r<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.95, <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.001). The Bland and Altman plots show that both devices are more effective for average speeds below 1<!--> <!-->m/s; but also that Vitruve should be preferred to Push for maximum speed assessment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Vitruve offers more accurate speed training data than Push. It is therefore an additional, more accurate tool for trainers.</div></div><div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Bien que le potentiomètre linéaire de marque « Vitruve » ait été validé pour le développé couché, il se doit d’être validé pour d’autres mouvements sportifs tel que le squat afin de diversifier son utilité. Le Vitruve est supposé plus précis que Push qui est un accéléromètre indépendant déjà validé pour le squat en général et spécifiquement pour le squat arrière avec poids libres. Les deux appareils ayant des prix similaires, une comparaison de ces outils avec une mesure étalon (la vidéo) permettra d’orienter les kinésiologues et préparateurs physiques dans un choix éclairé en fonction de leurs besoins. L’objectif était de valider les mesures obtenues par Vitruve lors de l’exécution d’un squat versus le Push et l’analyse vidéo.</div></div><div><h3>Principales informations</h3><div>Les deux appareils Vitruve et Push ont été fixés à une barre olympique avec des charges de 0 %, 20 %, 40 %, 60 % et 80 % du 1RM de deux participants avec un total de 180 répétitions (2 séries de 5 répétitions par charge jusqu’à 60 % inclusivement, puis 5 ","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"40 4","pages":"Pages 346-351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144242976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of latent CMV and EBV infection and their impact on the incidence of upper respiratory infection among athletes: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"I. da Silva , B. Marmett , F. Lira , C. Stein , M. Madruga , M. Bauer , P. Romão , G. Dorneles , A. Peres","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2024.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2024.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To summarize the prevalence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) among athletes and the impact on the incidence of upper respiratory infection (URTI).</div></div><div><h3>Data sources and study selection</h3><div>It was performed a systematic review coupled with meta-analysis using the terms related to athletes and latent infection of CMV and EBV, on MEDLINE/Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Prevalence Studies and the certainty of evidence (CoE) for point-prevalence estimates was assessed using GRADE.</div></div><div><h3>Data synthesis</h3><div>A total of 30 publications fulfilled the inclusion criteria, 16 references on latent CMV infection and 19 on EBV infection. The prevalence of latent CMV and EBV infections in athletes was 39.27% (95%CI: 29.38–49.58; CoE: Low) and 71.15% (95%CI: 58.65–82.29; CoE: Low), respectively. Prospective studies revealed that latent EBV infection has no impact on the URTI development (RR: 0.87; 95%CI%: 0.73 to 1.03; I<sup>2</sup>: 2%), or in the previous infection reported by the athletes before engagement in the studies (RR: 1.02; 95%CI: 0.55 to 1.89; I<sup>2</sup>: 0%). EBV+ athletes who reported URTI presented higher risk to EBV reactivation, evaluated by EBV DNA shedding, than EBV+ athletes without URTI (RR: 1.59; 95%-CI: 1.22 to 2.06); I<sup>2</sup>: 22%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results suggested a high prevalence of latent EBV infection in athletes, while less than half of athletes presented CMV seroprevalence. The current data indicate that URTI was associated with higher risk to EBV reactivation in athletes.</div></div><div><h3>Objectif</h3><div>Résumer la prévalence des infections à cytomégalovirus (CMV) et au virus d’Epstein-Barr (EBV) chez les athlètes ainsi que leur impact sur l’incidence des infections des voies respiratoires supérieures (URTI).</div></div><div><h3>Sources de données et sélection des études</h3><div>Une revue systématique accompagnée d’une méta-analyse a été réalisée en utilisant des termes liés aux athlètes et aux infections latentes à CMV et EBV, dans les bases de données MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase et Cochrane Library. La qualité des études incluses a été évaluée à l’aide de la JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Prevalence Studies et la certitude des preuves (CoE) pour les estimations de prévalence ponctuelle a été évaluée à l’aide de GRADE.</div></div><div><h3>Synthèse des données</h3><div>Un total de 30 publications a satisfait aux critères d’inclusion, dont 16 références sur l’infection latente à CMV et 19 sur l’infection à EBV. La prévalence des infections latentes à CMV et EBV chez les athlètes était respectivement de 39,27 % (IC 95 % : 29,38–49,58 ; CoE: faible) et 71,15 % (IC 95 % : 58,65–82,29 ; CoE : faible). Les études prospectives ont révélé que l’infection latente à EBV n’avait pas d’impact sur le dével","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"40 4","pages":"Pages 287-298"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144242980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}