Obesity Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Experienced Weight Stigma Changes Following Bariatric Surgery: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Hannah R. Farnsworth,&nbsp;Dakota L. Leget,&nbsp;Lara J. LaCaille,&nbsp;Rick A. LaCaille,&nbsp;Afton M. Koball,&nbsp;Alicia Niemann,&nbsp;Chloë Z. Backderf,&nbsp;Carly R. Mastrian,&nbsp;Ellie M. Von Duyke","doi":"10.1111/obr.70179","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70179","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Experiencing weight stigmatization is linked to maladaptive eating, poorer mental health, and increased risk of weight gain, potentially impacting metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS) outcomes. This meta-analysis aimed to synthesize patient experiences of weight stigmatization before and after MBS and to examine the association of presurgical weight stigma on postsurgical weight loss.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This preregistered study followed PRISMA guidelines. Six databases were searched through March 2025; eligible studies included published articles and dissertations/theses available in English that quantitatively measured presurgical weight stigma among MBS samples and included relevant outcomes. Meta-analyses utilized random effects models with change scores converted to Hedge's <i>g</i> and associations between presurgical experienced weight stigma and post-MBS weight change converted to coefficient <i>r</i>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Forty-one studies were included, with 36 reporting on experienced weight stigma change pre- to post-MBS and 10 studies reporting on the relationship between pre-MBS experienced weight stigma and post-MBS weight loss.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results revealed weight stigmatization decreased substantially after MBS (6–12 months, <i>g</i> = 1.28; 13–24 months, <i>g</i> = 1.16; 25–36 months, <i>g</i> = 1.26). Presurgical weight stigma was not associated with weight loss post-surgery (<i>r</i> = 0.05). Findings are limited by minimal studies reporting on longer term relationships between baseline stigma, post-MBS weight loss, and additional health outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/obr.70179","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148262493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor: Comment on “Understanding Impact of Anti-Obesity Medications on Skeletal Muscle Mass Change Is Confounded by Measurement Methods”","authors":"Guilherme Giorelli,&nbsp;Milton Mizumoto,&nbsp;Silvia Sartoretto,&nbsp;Socorro Giorelli,&nbsp;Paulo Giorelli,&nbsp;Alessandra Bedin-Pochini,&nbsp;Diogo Toledo,&nbsp;Bryan Saunders","doi":"10.1111/obr.70184","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70184","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148292641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Efficacy of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists, Exercise, and Their Combination on Body Composition and Glucolipid Metabolism in Adults With Overweight or Obesity: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials","authors":"Matteo Vandoni,&nbsp;Alessandro Gatti,&nbsp;Virginia Rossi,&nbsp;Matteo Giuriato,&nbsp;Vittoria Carnevale Pellino,&nbsp;Gianvincenzo Zuccotti,&nbsp;Valeria Calcaterra","doi":"10.1111/obr.70189","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70189","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The paper aims to assess the effects of GLP-1 RAs, structured exercise, and their combination on body composition and cardiometabolic outcomes in adults with overweight or obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and EBSCO were searched through April 2026 for English-language RCTs using terms related to obesity, GLP-1 RAs, exercise, and glucolipid metabolism outcomes. We included RCTs of adults (18–65 years, BMI ≥ 25 kg/m²) without major comorbidities, except for type 2 diabetes, testing GLP-1 RAs, structured exercise, or both. Of 2508 screened articles, nine studies comprising 1009 participants met eligibility criteria. Participants included 589F/420M, with a weighted mean age of 43.8 ± 12.2 years and weighted mean BMI of 32.6 ± 3.0 kg/m². Risk of bias was assessed using RoB 2. A frequentist random-effects model calculated SMDs. Primary outcomes were changes in body weight, waist-to-hip ratio, and fat mass. Secondary outcomes included fasting glucose, HOMA-IR, triglycerides, LDL-C, and HDL-C. Meta-regression assessed weight loss as a predictor of metabolic outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The combination of GLP-1 receptor agonists and exercise was associated with the greatest effects on weight (SMD −1.04; 95% CI −1.24 to −0.83), fat mass (SMD −1.01; 95% CI −1.27 to −0.75), and waist-to-hip ratio (SMD −0.55; 95% CI −0.91 to −0.18) compared with placebo. For fasting glucose, the SMD was −0.49 (95% CI −1.52 to 0.55); for HOMA-IR, −0.59 (95% CI −0.89 to −0.29). For lipid outcomes, no statistically significant differences were observed for triglycerides or LDL-C, whereas HDL-C increased compared with placebo (SMD 0.32; 95% CI 0.04 to 0.61). Confidence in the evidence was high for body weight and fat mass, moderate for waist-to-height ratio and most lipid outcomes, and very low for fasting glucose.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Combined GLP-1 RA and structured exercise interventions improved weight, insulin sensitivity, and selected lipid parameters more than monotherapies or placebo.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/obr.70189","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148434412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytocompounds That Target White Adipose Tissue for Weight Loss: A Review Spanning From Ucp1 Induction in Rodents to Human Clinical Trials","authors":"Ann A. Coulter,&nbsp;Frank L. Greenway,&nbsp;Guru Ramanathan,&nbsp;Jacqueline R. Hubbard,&nbsp;Candida J. Rebello","doi":"10.1111/obr.70173","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70173","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Most drugs and supplements for weight loss decrease appetite and food intake, resulting in loss of lean mass and fat mass. An ideal strategy for weight loss would be to directly target adipocytes and stimulate mitochondrial thermogenesis fueled by fatty acid oxidation. Many phytocompounds and food components can act directly on rodent adipocytes to stimulate expression of Ucp1, a mitochondrial protein and marker for thermogenic capacity. Expression of Ucp1 is highly inducible in rodent adipocytes and correlates with lower adiposity after high-fat diet consumption. The aim of this review is to determine whether the natural compounds that stimulate expression of rodent Ucp1 have the same effect in human adipocytes and translate to reduction of body weight in human clinical trials. Sixteen natural compounds that induce Ucp1 expression in rodent primary adipocytes or adipose tissue were identified from literature searches of PubMed and Web of Science databases. Of these, resveratrol, naringenin, curcumin, menthol, genistein, and artepillin C induce UCP1 in human adipocytes. The most active phytocompounds in human adipocytes bypass receptor signaling and bind nuclear receptors that act on promoter elements to induce thermogenesis genes. Resveratrol, naringenin, curcumin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, fucoxanthin, menthol, provitamin A carotenoids, and capsaicin have been evaluated in clinical trials for weight loss. Naringenin and curcumin stimulate weight loss in multiple clinical trials. Extracts enriched in the active component stimulate greater clinical weight loss than any single active component. We conclude that specific natural compounds that target adipose tissue can stimulate human energy expenditure and meaningful weight loss.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148256784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity, Employment, and Economic Productivity in Europe: A Systematic Literature Review","authors":"Lise Meinicke Hagelund,&nbsp;Amy Gamble,&nbsp;Alexandra Furber,&nbsp;Patrice Carter","doi":"10.1111/obr.70174","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70174","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The economic burden that obesity places on society, both directly and indirectly, is considerable. It is acknowledged that obesity is associated with decreased economic productivity; however, the evidence examining the exact relationship between obesity and key metrics of employment in the European context remains to be consolidated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic literature review was performed to determine the association between body mass index (BMI) and employment outcomes. Searches were conducted across three electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, and Epistemonikos). Studies were eligible if they were published in or after 2014 and conducted in a European setting.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In total, 34 studies were identified; of these, 20 studies provided evidence to show fewer people with obesity were employed as compared to people with overweight or who had a healthy BMI. Obesity was associated with increased sickness absence (<i>n</i> = 7) and impaired work performance (<i>n</i> = 7).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Broad evidence collected from across Europe demonstrates that obesity is associated with unemployment, sickness leave, absenteeism, and presenteeism. Preventing and treating obesity would be expected to have a relatively rapid benefit in terms of improved employment outcomes, including productivity, as well as long-term benefits to population health.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148203541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interventions to Reduce Screen Time in Preschool-Aged Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials","authors":"Meenushree Chandrasekaran,&nbsp;Qiyang Zhang,&nbsp;Natarajan Padmapriya,&nbsp;Ramkumar Aishworiya,&nbsp;Shang Chee Chong,&nbsp;Gayatri Kembhavi,&nbsp;Bryce McLeod,&nbsp;Keri McCrickerd,&nbsp;Jason Chow,&nbsp;Anna Fogel","doi":"10.1111/obr.70185","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70185","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The impact of interventions aimed at reducing screen use in preschool-aged children is unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate interventions to reduce screen time among preschool-aged children and examine the characteristics of effective interventions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials evaluating screen time interventions for children aged 0–5 years. Studies were assessed on achievement of predefined screen time reduction objectives. Narrative synthesis summarized these outcomes in relation to intervention characteristics, followed by a meta-analysis of the pooled effect sizes and moderator influences.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sixty-five studies met the inclusion criteria and 43 had sufficient data to support meta-analyses. The majority of the interventions targeted children aged 2–5 years (77%) focusing on caregiver–child pairs (57%). Interventions were delivered across various settings including preschools (29%), healthcare (12%), or online (20%). The majority of the interventions met their screen time reduction objectives (62%). Characteristics most prevalent among the interventions that met screen time reduction objectives included delivery within the healthcare setting, delivery by research teams, and with caregivers as sole recipients. The meta-regression suggested that the interventions to reduce screen time were associated with a small but statistically significant effect (g = 0.16, 95% CI [0.01, 0.31], <i>p</i> = 0.036). Interventions targeting children aged 0–2 years had a higher proportion of successful studies, whereas meta-analysis indicated that interventions for 2- to 5-year-olds produced larger effect sizes (B = 0.31, <i>p</i> = 0.038).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Interventions to reduce screen time in preschool-aged children show larger effects in slightly older preschoolers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/obr.70185","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148395493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precision or Paradox? AI-Driven Adiposity Imaging in Women With Overweight and Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Asefa Adimasu Taddese,&nbsp;Bjorn T. Tam","doi":"10.1111/obr.70187","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70187","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Artificial intelligence (AI) enables automated, high-throughput adiposity quantification, offering refined risk stratification for women with overweight and obesity. We systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed studies evaluating AI-based segmentation of visceral, subcutaneous, and total fat in adult women populations (BMI: 25–29.9 and ≥ 30 kg/m²), searching MEDLINE, CENTRAL, Embase, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science from inception to January 15, 2025, in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Studies were included if they (1) focused on adult women (≥ 18 years) undergoing MRI, CT, or DXA-based fat quantification; (2) employed automated or conventional radiomics segmentation; and (3) reported quantitative adiposity metrics (volumes or areas). Two reviewers independently extracted data, assessed quality via QUADAS-2, and synthesized results using inverse-variance and sample size–weighted random-effects models. Of 13,098 records screened, 38 studies (12,815 women) met inclusion criteria. AI methods demonstrated high segmentation accuracy, exemplified by 3D-Unet (Dice score: 0.97 [95% CI: 0.96–0.98]) and &gt; 99% faster processing than manual methods (0.05 vs. 46.5 min/patient; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). However, the primary finding was extreme between-study heterogeneity, indicating limited reproducibility of adiposity measurements across studies. Substantial heterogeneity undermined pooled volumetric estimates: subcutaneous fat volume averaged 22,536 cm³ (<i>I</i>² = 99.9%), visceral fat 3615 cm³ (<i>I</i>² = 100%), and total fat 35,062 cm³ (<i>I</i>² = 99.8%), with prediction intervals spanning anatomically implausible ranges. This variability stemmed from inconsistent acquisition parameters, segmentation protocols, and modality-specific differences, with DXA-derived subcutaneous fat volumes 5.6-fold higher than MRI-derived estimates and CT attenuation thresholds spanning 244 HU (Hounsfield Units). Subgroup analyses indicated 72% of variance arose from technical rather than anthropometric factors. While AI enables highly efficient and accurate segmentation at an individual level, protocol heterogeneity and underrepresentation of diverse populations limit clinical generalizability. Standardized imaging protocols, harmonized analytic frameworks, and inclusive sampling are essential to translate AI's precision into clinically reliable adiposity metrics for women's health.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/obr.70187","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148402996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effective Behavior Change Techniques for Successful Weight Loss and Weight Loss Maintenance Among Adults With Overweight and Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Katharina Preuhs,&nbsp;Iris Eekhout,&nbsp;Rosa Andree,&nbsp;Hilde van Keulen,&nbsp;Pepijn van Empelen","doi":"10.1111/obr.70195","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70195","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Achieving and maintaining weight loss are challenging and require sustained lifestyle changes. This study examined which behavior change techniques (BCTs) support long-term weight outcomes among adults with overweight or obesity. We synthesized evidence from randomized controlled trials of behavioral interventions versus control or alternative interventions, focusing on nonclinical adults (BMI &gt; 25) with ≥ 6-month follow-up, published between 2010 and 2025, that reported weight outcomes. Sixty-five studies (approximately 10,000 participants) evaluating 87 behavioral interventions targeting physical activity, diet, or both were included. BCTs were coded using the BCT Taxonomy v1. Meta-analysis estimated pooled effects on total weight loss (baseline to follow-up) and weight maintenance (posttreatment to follow-up). Behavioral interventions produced a mean effect size for total weight loss of Hedges' <i>g</i> = −0.19 (95% CI = −0.30 to −0.13), equating to an average additional weight loss of approximately 3.25 kg compared to controls. No significant effect was found for weight maintenance after initial loss, indicating no statistically significant difference in weight change between intervention and control groups during follow-up. Meta-regression examined the number of BCTs, intervention type, and follow-up duration, but none significantly moderated effects. Subgroup analyses identified the following effective BCTs: goal setting, feedback on behavior and outcome(s) of behavior, self-monitoring of behavior and outcome(s) of behavior, instruction on how to perform the behavior, demonstration of the behavior, conserving mental resources and incentives. These BCTs appear to support relative long-term weight outcomes and warrant further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/obr.70195","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148417268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Relationships Within Behavioral Weight Management Interventions: An Overview","authors":"Claire E. Torrens,&nbsp;Pauline Campbell,&nbsp;Scott Findlay,&nbsp;Julie Cowie,&nbsp;Ronan O'Carroll,&nbsp;Pat Hoddinott,&nbsp;Gozde Ozakinci,&nbsp;Barbara Farquharson","doi":"10.1111/obr.70176","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70176","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Behavioral weight management interventions have been shown to be effective for weight loss. However, a common challenge is difficulty in engaging with the public, participants, or service-users across the research continuum. User–provider relationships are key in weight management and may be integral to continuing engagement. This overview aimed to understand the nature of relationships within behavioral weight management interventions delivered in research studies and healthcare settings, how these may influence retention as well as potential relationship barriers and facilitators. Six databases were searched; 20 reviews (27 reports) were included. Most reviews investigated weight management delivered face-to-face by healthcare professionals across different settings. The Theoretical Domains Framework guided the synthesis of qualitative and quantitative data regarding user–provider relationships. GRADE CER-Qual was used to assess the confidence of findings. Thirty-eight findings were categorized to domains in the framework in addition to two cross-cutting themes. High confidence evidence demonstrated that the domains of knowledge, skills, social/professional role or identity, environmental context and resources, and behavioral regulation provided challenges as well as enabling relationships in weight management. The central domain underpinning the influence of relationships on retention was social influences, with weight stigma a pervasive theme recurring across domains. Application of a theoretical lens to consider cognitive, affective, social, and environmental influences helped better understand user–provider relationships as a potential mechanism through which retention-related behaviors in weight management can be driven or deterred. This overview suggests that improving user–provider relationships should be considered a useful retention strategy in weight management programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/obr.70176","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148269669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness and Feasibility of Interventions for Weight Management of Young Adults in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs): A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis","authors":"Sujata Shakya,&nbsp;Subas Neupane,&nbsp;Shanti Bajracharya,&nbsp;Pilvikki Absetz","doi":"10.1111/obr.70188","DOIUrl":"10.1111/obr.70188","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overweight and obesity rates are rising globally, including among young adults, posing significant health risks. However, prevention programs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are limited, and little is known about their applicability in these settings. This systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness and feasibility of overweight and obesity prevention and management interventions among young adults in LMICs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Databases, including Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science, were systematically searched to identify trials published between 2014 and February 2026. Studies were included if they targeted young adults in LMICs and reported outcomes such as body mass index (BMI) and/or waist circumference. Publications reporting feasibility outcomes were manually searched. A random-effects meta-analysis estimated the mean difference in outcomes by gender and intervention duration. A narrative synthesis complemented the random-effects meta-analysis. The Cochrane risk-of-bias tool and Grades of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework evaluated the evidence quality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sixteen intervention studies met inclusion criteria, but none reported on feasibility. Nine studies were included in the meta-analysis on effectiveness. Pooled estimates show that mean BMI (kg/m²) (−1.13; 95% CI: −2.10, −0.17) and waist circumference (cm) (−1.66; 95% CI: −2.35, −0.96) were significantly lower in the intervention group compared to the controls. Greater effects were observed in longer durations of interventions (≥ 6 months). The quality of evidence was moderate.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Obesity control interventions may benefit young adults in LMICs, but evidence is limited and moderate in quality. Future studies should evaluate feasibility using established implementation frameworks.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/obr.70188","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148434410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}