Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis最新文献

{"title":"Red Light Therapy in Thrombosis and Hemostasis.","authors":"Bingwen Eugene Fan, Leonardo Pasalic, Giuseppe Lippi, Yu Yue Hew, Emmanuel J Favaloro","doi":"10.1055/a-2717-5157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2717-5157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Red light therapy is emerging as a potential non-pharmacological modulator of thrombosis and hemostasis. Photobiomodulation with red, near-infrared (NIR), and far-infrared (FIR) wavelengths has been shown to influence nitric oxide release, endothelial function, platelet activation, and vascular tone. These effects align to components of Virchow's triad (i.e., endothelial dysfunction, hypercoagulability), and ameliorate thromboinflammation. Experimental data indicate that photobiomodulation may be effective to reduce platelet aggregation, von Willebrand factor activity, and improve microvascular perfusion. However, controversy remains regarding whether observed benefits reflect active red/NIR effects or simply the exclusion of pro-thrombotic blue light. Limitations in tissue penetration, protocol standardization, and translational modelling pose challenges for clinical implementation. Despite these uncertainties, red light therapy offers promise in high-risk patients where conventional anticoagulation is limited by bleeding risk. Future studies must define optimal dosing parameters, clarify mechanistic pathways, and evaluate efficacy in randomized clinical trials to establish its role in contemporary thrombosis management.</p>","PeriodicalId":21673,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145252506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipopolysaccharide and coagulation factor XII: biophysics of contact activation in infection.","authors":"Andre Luis Lira da Silva, Katelyn Cherie Drew, Cristina Puy, Joseph J Shatzel, Owen J T McCarty","doi":"10.1055/a-2716-6782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2716-6782","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a key component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, is well known for its role in triggering inflammation via innate immune receptors. However, emerging evidence reveals that LPS also directly activates the coagulation system, primarily through the contact activation pathway. Recent studies from our group and others demonstrate that the supramolecular organization and physicochemical properties of LPS-such as aggregate size, surface charge, and chemotype-critically determine its ability to activate coagulation factor XII (FXII). While monomeric LPS can modulate FXII activity, only aggregated forms of LPS (e.g., micelles) function as procoagulant surfaces, initiating contact activation. This review synthesizes current knowledge on LPS structural heterogeneity and explores how its biophysical properties govern supramolecular assembly in aqueous environments, ultimately dictating interactions with the contact activation pathway. We further discuss the possible mechanisms by which LPS-driven FXII activation contributes to thromboinflammatory disorders, including disseminated intravascular coagulation and sepsis-associated vascular leakage. Finally, we highlight novel therapeutic strategies-from FXIIa inhibitors to molecules that disrupt LPS supramolecular structure-as potential interventions to mitigate coagulation-driven pathology during bacterial infections. These insights not only reflect our growing understanding of infection-associated thrombosis but may also pave the way for targeted therapies in sepsis and other thromboinflammatory conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":21673,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145245141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do we Have the Gut to Beat Thrombosis?","authors":"Konstantina Tsante, Eleni Petrou, Stavros Tsalas, Andreas G Tsantes, Alexandra Lianou, Georgios Kartelias, Elias Kyriakou, Styliani Kokoris, Georgios Nikolopoulos, Stefanos Bonovas, Rozeta Sokou","doi":"10.1055/a-2704-8487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2704-8487","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Arterial and venous thromboembolism represent major contributors to global morbidity and mortality. Despite substantial progress in risk stratification and clinical management, a significant proportion of thromboembolic events occur in individuals not classified within traditional high-risk groups indicating the involvement of additional, non-conventional risk factors in thrombotic pathophysiology.Recent evidence has highlighted the gut microbiome as a critical determinant of human health, with increasing recognition of its role in cardiovascular and thrombotic disorders. Furthermore, the gut microbiome constitutes a modifiable risk factor, offering new horizons for therapeutic intervention and emerging evidence suggests that alterations in the microbiome may significantly impact thrombotic risk.Moreover, microbiome-derived metabolites have gathered considerable scientific attention for their potential involvement in the initiation and progression of thrombosis. These metabolites may serve as novel biomarkers, complementing conventional risk indicators in disease diagnosis, prognosis, screening, and patient monitoring. Microbiome-derived metabolites may hold dual utility, first as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, and, second, as potential targets for pharmacologic modulation. Collectively, these findings underscore the growing significance of the gut microbiome as an environmental factor in thromboembolic disease and justify the constantly increasing employment of the scientific community in several aspects of health and disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":21673,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145245114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neutrophil Extracellular Traps: At the Interface of Thrombosis and Comorbidities.","authors":"Imre Varjú, Anna Tanka-Salamon, Krasimir Kolev","doi":"10.1055/a-2548-0805","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2548-0805","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since their discovery in 2004, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been at the center of multidisciplinary attention. Although a key tool in neutrophil-mediated immunity, these filamentous, enzyme-enriched DNA-histone complexes can be detrimental to tissues and have been identified as an underlying factor in a range of pathological conditions. Building on more than 20 years of research into NETs, this review places thrombosis, the pathological formation of blood clots, in the spotlight. From this point of view, we discuss the structure and formation of NETs, as well as the interaction of their components with the hemostatic system, dissecting the pathways through which NETs exert their marked effect on formation and the dissolution of thrombi. We pay distinct attention to the latest developments in the research of a key player in NET formation, peptidyl-arginine-deiminase (PAD) enzymes: their types, sources, and potential cross-play with the hemostatic machinery. Besides these molecular details, we elaborate on the link between pathological thrombosis, NETs, and widespread conditions that represent a debilitating public health burden worldwide, such as sepsis and neoplasms. Finally, future implications on the treatment of thrombosis-related conditions will be discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":21673,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis","volume":" ","pages":"724-735"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143531686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Four Risk Stratification Models to Identify Patients with Acute Pulmonary Embolism at Risk of Short-term Mortality.","authors":"Kwadwo O Bonsu, Stephanie W Young, Tiffany Lee, Hai V Nguyen, Rufaro S Chitsike","doi":"10.1055/a-2621-0465","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2621-0465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is potentially life-threatening, with up to 15% risk of death. We compared four risk stratification models to identify outpatients at risk of mortality up to 90 days post acute PE. A retrospective cohort study included outpatients aged ≥18 years with confirmed PE from June 1, 2014 to May 31, 2019, identified via diagnostic imaging reports. Simplified Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (sPESI) and Hestia scores were calculated as per original derivation methods. Patients were stratified by four models: sPESI alone, Hestia alone, sPESI plus right ventricular dysfunction (RVD), and Hestia plus RVD. Model accuracy and discriminatory power for 30- and 90-day mortality were assessed by area under the receiver operating curve (AUC). The study comprised 785 outpatients (mean age 65.0 years; 42.2% male). Overall mortality rates were 4.1% at 30 days and 7.8% at 90 days. sPESI identified 31.5% as low risk versus 19.1% by Hestia. All models demonstrated 100% sensitivity and negative predictive value for 30-day mortality, but modest discriminatory power (AUC range: 59.2-67.1). sPESI consistently outperformed other models in both timeframes. Including RVD with sPESI or Hestia did not enhance accuracy and slightly reduced performance. The net reclassification index indicated minor improvement in non-event classification with RVD, but no benefit for identifying deaths. sPESI remains a modest yet effective predictor of mortality risk within 90 days following acute PE, consistently outperforming sPESI + RVD, Hestia alone, and Hestia + RVD at both 30 and 90 days. Adding RVD minimally improved predictive accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":21673,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis","volume":" ","pages":"800-808"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Features of Antiphospholipid Syndrome with Intracardiac Mass.","authors":"Huiting Xie, Qi Sun, Min Liu, Yan Xu, Qin Wu, Duo Li","doi":"10.1055/a-2561-0149","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2561-0149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), a disorder characterized by the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies, is commonly associated with thrombotic events and pregnancy complications. Although cardiac involvement of APS is very common, intracardiac thrombus is rare and easily misdiagnosed. In order to reduce missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis, we investigated the clinical features of APS with intracardiac mass by summarizing 50 cases (1 newly presented case and 49 additional cases collected from PubMed from 1985 to the present). There were 10 males and 40 females, with ages ranging from 8 to 75 years (median age 35.5). Intracardiac masses were distributed in four cardiac chambers. Mass size ranged from a diameter of 0.5 to 7.1 cm. Clinical manifestations were heterogeneous, including dyspnea, fever, hemiparesis, limb ischemia, and other nonspecific symptoms. In 41 cases with available pathology results, 33 cases were confirmed as thrombus, 2 cases as myxoma, 3 cases as non-bacterial endocarditis, 2 cases as fibrous tissue, and 1 case as inflammatory necrosis. Among 41 cases, 18 cases were suspected of primary cardiac tumors preoperatively, while pathological examination revealed none was tumor. APS patients with intracardiac masses are extremely rare, mostly seen in young or middle-aged people, and they present with a variety of clinical manifestations. Most masses disappear following medical treatment. APS can be accompanied by cardiac myxomas. APS should be promptly investigated in young patients presenting with thrombotic events without any underlying risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":21673,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis","volume":" ","pages":"768-775"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143996524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Present-on-Admission Indicators to Improve Accuracy of Pulmonary Embolism Identification from Electronic Health Record Data.","authors":"Sina Rashedi, Hannah Leyva, Mariana B Pfeferman, Darsiya Krishnathasan, Antoine Bejjani, Candrika D Khairani, Mehrdad Zarghami, David Jimenez, Alfonso Muriel, Samuel Z Goldhaber, Liqin Wang, Eric A Secemsky, Gregory Piazza, Harlan M Krumholz, Zhenqiu Lin, Behnood Bikdeli","doi":"10.1055/a-2554-0043","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2554-0043","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21673,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis","volume":" ","pages":"829-833"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144485774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Antidiabetic Drugs and Risk of Venous Thromboembolism: A Literature Review.","authors":"Qingui Chen, Rayna J S Anijs, Judith P L Verlaan, Luuk J J Scheres, Frederikus A Klok, Suzanne C Cannegieter","doi":"10.1055/a-2546-0353","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2546-0353","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Novel antidiabetic drugs, particularly sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, have significantly transformed the management landscape for type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and chronic kidney diseases, owing to their well-established cardiorenal protective effects. Given the shared risk factors and comorbidities, it is relevant to consider the potential risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in individuals prescribed these novel antidiabetic medications. This literature review aims to summarize currently available evidence on VTE risk associated with novel antidiabetic drugs, including GLP-1 receptor agonists, dipeptidyl-peptidase IV (DPP-4) inhibitors, and SGLT2 inhibitors. Following a comprehensive search on PubMed using relevant keywords and backward reference searching, we identified 25 publications that directly reported on associations between these medications and VTE risk. Findings from these studies, including seven meta-analyses, reveal inconsistent results: some studies suggest that GLP-1 receptor agonists or DPP-4 inhibitors may be associated with increased risk of VTE, whereas SGLT2 inhibitors do not appear to be associated with VTE and may even be a protective factor. A notable limitation of the existing studies is the significant challenge posed by confounding in observational studies, while the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) often concluded with a limited number of VTE events, if it was studied. Furthermore, all identified studies focused on the risk of primary VTE, leaving an important knowledge gap regarding whether these novel antidiabetic drugs may influence the efficacy or safety of anticoagulants used for preventing VTE recurrence. Addressing these gaps presents an important avenue for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":21673,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis","volume":" ","pages":"756-767"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12431824/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143743652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep Vein Thrombosis in Adults with HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Prevalence and Risk Factors.","authors":"Anas Ismail, Abdulgafar Lekan Olawumi, Zainab Abdulkadir, Shehu A Kana, Fatima Adamu, Aminu A Yusuf, Rabiu I Jalo, Fatimah I Tsiga-Ahmed, Muktar H Aliyu","doi":"10.1055/a-2574-8874","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2574-8874","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a preventable yet serious complication among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH), attributed to hypercoagulability, low CD4+ counts, and antiretroviral therapy. Despite the high burden of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), data on DVT in this population remain scarce, particularly in high-prevalence regions. This study systematically reviews the prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of DVT in adults with HIV. Following PRISMA guidelines, we extracted data from 23 studies (180,495 participants) and conducted subgroup analyses based on country, continent, study design, and quality. Heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed statistically. The global DVT prevalence among PLWH was 14%, with Africa reporting the highest prevalence (47%) and Europe the lowest (3%). Kenya exhibited the highest country-specific prevalence (74%), whereas the Netherlands and Denmark had the lowest (2%). Cross-sectional studies reported the highest prevalence (16%). Identified risk factors included hospitalization, opportunistic infections, malignancies, and comorbidities such as hypertension and diabetes. Funnel plot asymmetry indicated potential publication bias and small-study effects. DVT poses a significant health burden among PLWH, particularly in Africa. Given the high prevalence and associated risk factors, integrating DVT prevention and management into HIV care is critical. Targeted interventions should focus on modifiable risk factors and enhanced diagnostic strategies to improve patient outcomes. Future studies should address knowledge gaps and methodological variations to guide better prevention and treatment approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":21673,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis","volume":" ","pages":"745-755"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144064567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hemostatic and Inflammatory Biomarkers are Associated with Functional Limitations after Venous Thromboembolism: A Prospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Daniel Steiner, Stephan Nopp, Timothy Hoberstorfer, Oliver Schlager, Ingrid Pabinger, Benedikt Weber, Cihan Ay","doi":"10.1055/a-2574-8775","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2574-8775","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Functional limitations often persist in patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE). The relevance of biomarkers for these outcomes remains unexplored. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association of hemostatic, inflammatory, and cardiovascular biomarkers with functional limitations 3 months after VTE. We conducted a prospective cohort study, including patients with acute VTE within 21 days of diagnosis. Biomarker levels (D-dimer, fibrinogen, factor VIII [FVIII], von Willebrand factor antigen [VWF], C-reactive protein [CRP], troponin T, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide [proBNP]) were measured at inclusion and 3 months. Functional limitations at 3 months were evaluated with the post-VTE functional status (PVFS) scale (0-4, higher indicating more limitations). The association of biomarkers with functional limitations was assessed with proportional odds models adjusted for confounders. Furthermore, we evaluated the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) for the presence of slight-to-severe functional limitations. Overall, we included 290 patients (41.4% of women) with a median age of 54.9 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 43.1-64.2). D-dimer, fibrinogen, FVIII, VWF, and CRP measured at inclusion were independently associated with functional limitations at 3 months. VWF showed the most favorable AUC-ROC (0.62, 95% CI, 0.55-0.69). In patients with pulmonary embolism, troponin T and proBNP were not associated with functional limitations. At the 3-month follow-up, D-dimer was the only biomarker independently associated with functional limitations, yielding an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.62 (95% CI, 0.55-0.69). In conclusion, we identified biomarkers independently associated with functional limitations 3 months after VTE. Our results indicate a role of these biomarkers in the early identification of patients at risk of persistent functional limitations and suggest their involvement in the underlying mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":21673,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis","volume":" ","pages":"809-817"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12431823/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143788701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}